Investigative authorities use forensic anthropology to examine human skeletal remains in order to identify unidentified human remnants. Anthropology alone is the study of man, but also includes culture, language, and physical remains of humans. Forensic anthropology is used to help with the recovery of human remains and to interpret trauma. Asian, African, and European people, as well as the living and the dead, are all of interest to anthropologists. Anthropologists are also fascinated with a wide range of human characteristics, such as their technology, family dynamics, cultures, and linguistic. Forensic otology is a branch of forensic anthropology. The field began in the 19th century. Mathieu or fill published a textbook on measurements of arm bones in 1835. E.A Bertillon proposed an anthropometric system for personal identification in 1885. A branch of physical anthropology is forensic anthropology. In this analysis, criminal cases are solved using skeletal analysis and other archaeology methods. Experts in forensic anthropology focus on examining hard tissues like bones. They are also skilled at locating and recovering buried bodies. In this review we are going to discuss about the ways of identification of a victim by found skeletal remains
调查当局使用法医人类学来检查人类骨骼遗骸，以识别身份不明的人类遗骸。人类学本身就是对人类的研究，但也包括文化、语言和人类的身体遗骸。法医人类学是用来帮助恢复人类遗骸和解释创伤。亚洲人、非洲人、欧洲人，以及活着的人和死去的人，都是人类学家感兴趣的对象。人类学家也着迷于广泛的人类特征，如他们的技术、家庭动态、文化和语言。法医耳科是法医人类学的一个分支。这一领域始于19世纪。Mathieu or fill在1835年出版了一本关于臂骨测量的教科书。Bertillon于1885年提出了一种用于个人识别的人体测量系统。体质人类学的一个分支是法医人类学。在这种分析中，刑事案件是通过骨骼分析和其他考古学方法来解决的。法医人类学的专家专注于检查像骨头这样的硬组织。他们还擅长定位和找回被掩埋的尸体。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论通过发现的骨骼遗骸来识别受害者的方法
{"title":"Victim identification through skeletal remains: A review","authors":"Sneha Yadav, Nipun Kulshreshtha, Shalu Sharma, Tanishq Joshi","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.002","url":null,"abstract":"Investigative authorities use forensic anthropology to examine human skeletal remains in order to identify unidentified human remnants. Anthropology alone is the study of man, but also includes culture, language, and physical remains of humans. Forensic anthropology is used to help with the recovery of human remains and to interpret trauma. Asian, African, and European people, as well as the living and the dead, are all of interest to anthropologists. Anthropologists are also fascinated with a wide range of human characteristics, such as their technology, family dynamics, cultures, and linguistic. Forensic otology is a branch of forensic anthropology. The field began in the 19th century. Mathieu or fill published a textbook on measurements of arm bones in 1835. E.A Bertillon proposed an anthropometric system for personal identification in 1885. A branch of physical anthropology is forensic anthropology. In this analysis, criminal cases are solved using skeletal analysis and other archaeology methods. Experts in forensic anthropology focus on examining hard tissues like bones. They are also skilled at locating and recovering buried bodies. In this review we are going to discuss about the ways of identification of a victim by found skeletal remains","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"339 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121119109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.008
O. Singh, Kalpesh R. Chaudhari, Jitendra K Rathod
Asphyxial death from Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is occasionally reported in India. Here in this case report we present such a case of accidental CO poisoning. It was a case of a man aged about 38 years old contractor who succumbed to CO poisoning during sleep on a fateful night. He was a chain smoker with occasional alcohol consumption. The incident occurred inside a bed room which was latched from inside. He was found dead lying on the floor by the side of a semi burnt mattress. There are very few case reports on such poisoning cases that’s the main reason of presenting this article.
{"title":"An autopsy case of carbon monoxide poisoning: A case report","authors":"O. Singh, Kalpesh R. Chaudhari, Jitendra K Rathod","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.008","url":null,"abstract":"Asphyxial death from Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is occasionally reported in India. Here in this case report we present such a case of accidental CO poisoning. It was a case of a man aged about 38 years old contractor who succumbed to CO poisoning during sleep on a fateful night. He was a chain smoker with occasional alcohol consumption. The incident occurred inside a bed room which was latched from inside. He was found dead lying on the floor by the side of a semi burnt mattress. There are very few case reports on such poisoning cases that’s the main reason of presenting this article.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134399120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.005
Sertac Dalgic, Abuzer Gulderen, Selçuk Çetin
Skin injuries in the face area are one of the common causes of admission to the emergency department and the treatment to be applied affects whether or not there will be any scars. In the legal system, fixed facial scar is given great importance and it is an aggravating factor in criminal law. However, it is seen that the permanent scars formed on the face as a result of trauma do not have an exact equivalent in the disability determination charts. In our study; in the disability detection regulations, it was tried to determine the deficiencies related to permanent scars in the face area and it was aimed to raise awareness about this issue. We analyzed 1972 cases that applied for disability assessment and were examined and reported by us. With the trauma in his body that is the subject of the report 302 cases with a causal trace were included in the study. It was observed that 212 (70%) of 302 cases with facial trauma-related scars received a rate from one of the disability determination charts. It was determined that 90 (30%) cases did not receive a rate. Conclusion: The emergency physician who first encounters the trauma patient should apply the treatment methods that can achieve the best aesthetic results in a patient who is admitted to the hospital due to facial injury and take all kinds of measures to reduce the possibility of remaining scars. We think that there should be a section that specifies exactly the rate to be given by classifying permanent scar wounds in the face area according to various features, by updating the scales used in disability determination procedures.
{"title":"Importance of soft tissue ?njuries in the facial area in terms of criminal law and compensation for bodily damages","authors":"Sertac Dalgic, Abuzer Gulderen, Selçuk Çetin","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.005","url":null,"abstract":"Skin injuries in the face area are one of the common causes of admission to the emergency department and the treatment to be applied affects whether or not there will be any scars. In the legal system, fixed facial scar is given great importance and it is an aggravating factor in criminal law. However, it is seen that the permanent scars formed on the face as a result of trauma do not have an exact equivalent in the disability determination charts. In our study; in the disability detection regulations, it was tried to determine the deficiencies related to permanent scars in the face area and it was aimed to raise awareness about this issue. We analyzed 1972 cases that applied for disability assessment and were examined and reported by us. With the trauma in his body that is the subject of the report 302 cases with a causal trace were included in the study. It was observed that 212 (70%) of 302 cases with facial trauma-related scars received a rate from one of the disability determination charts. It was determined that 90 (30%) cases did not receive a rate. Conclusion: The emergency physician who first encounters the trauma patient should apply the treatment methods that can achieve the best aesthetic results in a patient who is admitted to the hospital due to facial injury and take all kinds of measures to reduce the possibility of remaining scars. We think that there should be a section that specifies exactly the rate to be given by classifying permanent scar wounds in the face area according to various features, by updating the scales used in disability determination procedures.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123061058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.003
A. K. Jaiswal, Saisha Nayyer
DNA Profiling is a revolutionary method for individual and relationship analysis, crime investigation, hereditary disorders, etc. It is a universal method used to establish accurate results during the process of forensic investigation. DNA profiling techniques, which are based on repetitive sequences within DNA, have proven to be of paramount importance, albeit the complete utilization of knowledge still remaining unexplored. Even a hair strand, blood drop or even skin flakes can be used to identify DNA sequences. It has a wide range of applications both in forensics and law. Because of the advancement in the field of forensics in the past four decades, DNA evidence now stands as one of the most reliable forms of proof in a court of law. In the following article, the authors explore the main concepts of DNA Profiling, and the techniques which are widely used in forensic laboratories such as RFLP, VNTR, STR, AFLP, mtDNA analysis, Y-chromosome analysis and gender typing.
{"title":"DNA profiling in forensic investigation – A review","authors":"A. K. Jaiswal, Saisha Nayyer","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.003","url":null,"abstract":"DNA Profiling is a revolutionary method for individual and relationship analysis, crime investigation, hereditary disorders, etc. It is a universal method used to establish accurate results during the process of forensic investigation. DNA profiling techniques, which are based on repetitive sequences within DNA, have proven to be of paramount importance, albeit the complete utilization of knowledge still remaining unexplored. Even a hair strand, blood drop or even skin flakes can be used to identify DNA sequences. It has a wide range of applications both in forensics and law. Because of the advancement in the field of forensics in the past four decades, DNA evidence now stands as one of the most reliable forms of proof in a court of law. In the following article, the authors explore the main concepts of DNA Profiling, and the techniques which are widely used in forensic laboratories such as RFLP, VNTR, STR, AFLP, mtDNA analysis, Y-chromosome analysis and gender typing.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115810365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.007
Pawan Mittal, Balraj Sharma, Nancy Mittal
Homicide is one of the most dreaded consequences of interpersonal conflicts, culminating in ending the life of a person. Cases involving attempts to camouflage homicidal incidents with the accidental ones are not entirely unknown in forensic medicine. Most of the time however, neither medical science nor the law gain expected success in either curbing or unearthing such incidents, so there remains a great possibility of perpetrators escaping a meticulously planned homicide that has been disguised either as a suicide or as an accidental death. In such cases, the role of a scrupulous autopsy is of paramount importance to surface the truth. A careful observation and interpretation of the injuries in dubious circumstances may occasionally reveal an entirely unprecedented story and thereby the cause and manner of death. A case related to a young adult male is herein presented who was initially brought dead to the emergency dept. with an alleged history of assault leading to a blow over his head. In the inquest papers, however, his acquaintances stated the injury to be sustained from an accidental fall in the street. At autopsy, a discrepant location and form of the scalp injury and the additional findings suggestive of manual strangulation and kicking and/or stomping resulted eventually into an opinion of homicide. The characteristic postmortem findings and attempted circumstantial and crime scene alterations by the possible perpetrators are highlighted. The results of a modeled wound-weapon profiling that was carried out later to link the alleged crime weapon with the injury profile, are shown.
{"title":"Fall or homicide...? The imbroglio answered at autopsy...!","authors":"Pawan Mittal, Balraj Sharma, Nancy Mittal","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.007","url":null,"abstract":"Homicide is one of the most dreaded consequences of interpersonal conflicts, culminating in ending the life of a person. Cases involving attempts to camouflage homicidal incidents with the accidental ones are not entirely unknown in forensic medicine. Most of the time however, neither medical science nor the law gain expected success in either curbing or unearthing such incidents, so there remains a great possibility of perpetrators escaping a meticulously planned homicide that has been disguised either as a suicide or as an accidental death. In such cases, the role of a scrupulous autopsy is of paramount importance to surface the truth. A careful observation and interpretation of the injuries in dubious circumstances may occasionally reveal an entirely unprecedented story and thereby the cause and manner of death. A case related to a young adult male is herein presented who was initially brought dead to the emergency dept. with an alleged history of assault leading to a blow over his head. In the inquest papers, however, his acquaintances stated the injury to be sustained from an accidental fall in the street. At autopsy, a discrepant location and form of the scalp injury and the additional findings suggestive of manual strangulation and kicking and/or stomping resulted eventually into an opinion of homicide. The characteristic postmortem findings and attempted circumstantial and crime scene alterations by the possible perpetrators are highlighted. The results of a modeled wound-weapon profiling that was carried out later to link the alleged crime weapon with the injury profile, are shown.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125220434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.001
Shivangi Roziya, Devanshi Negi, S. Yadav, M. Chandra
A set of man-made chemicals that have a tendency to poison insects and mammals are organophosphates. Organophosphates are a broad category of chemicals and are widely used insecticides. Now a days, they have various applications such as in agriculture, home, gardens etc. Dimethoate is an insecticide that falls under the category of organophosphates. Dimethoate is a white crystalline solid with robust odor resembling the form of sand or sugar. It was first produced in 1956 to kill or manage insects such as house fly, termites, etc and various countries use it for farming. We have less knowledge about the levels of dimethoate in the environment as, there are no residues found in soil nor it has been found in drinking water. Insecticides that contain Dimethoate are used on various crops such as cotton, tobacco, olives also on various fruits and vegetables. Rapid and fatal poisoning could be caused if it is inhaled or if it comes in contact with skin. The symptoms include headache, sweating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of coordination and muscle twitching. Individuals with long term exposure to higher levels of Dimethoate are found to suffer from personality changes including- depression, anxiety, irritability etc. These harmful effects could last for months or years in human central nervous system. Developing fetus are also affected due to the inhalation of gaseous Dimethoate by pregnant women. In this review we are going to discuss about the toxicological aspects and properties of Dimethoate and its effects on humans and the future aspects related to this insecticide.
{"title":"A review on effects of dimethoate","authors":"Shivangi Roziya, Devanshi Negi, S. Yadav, M. Chandra","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.001","url":null,"abstract":"A set of man-made chemicals that have a tendency to poison insects and mammals are organophosphates. Organophosphates are a broad category of chemicals and are widely used insecticides. Now a days, they have various applications such as in agriculture, home, gardens etc. Dimethoate is an insecticide that falls under the category of organophosphates. Dimethoate is a white crystalline solid with robust odor resembling the form of sand or sugar. It was first produced in 1956 to kill or manage insects such as house fly, termites, etc and various countries use it for farming. We have less knowledge about the levels of dimethoate in the environment as, there are no residues found in soil nor it has been found in drinking water. Insecticides that contain Dimethoate are used on various crops such as cotton, tobacco, olives also on various fruits and vegetables. Rapid and fatal poisoning could be caused if it is inhaled or if it comes in contact with skin. The symptoms include headache, sweating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of coordination and muscle twitching. Individuals with long term exposure to higher levels of Dimethoate are found to suffer from personality changes including- depression, anxiety, irritability etc. These harmful effects could last for months or years in human central nervous system. Developing fetus are also affected due to the inhalation of gaseous Dimethoate by pregnant women. In this review we are going to discuss about the toxicological aspects and properties of Dimethoate and its effects on humans and the future aspects related to this insecticide.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117164485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.006
Archi Sharma, Giorgi Saikia
The black phenyl is a powerful germ killer used for homes, hospitals, which is easily accessible and can be consumed with the intention of self harm. Cases of intravascular hemolysis through inhalation or spillage has been reported, but intravascular hemolysis following ingestion is rarely reported. A 25 year old previously healthy male presented after alleged ingestion of black phenyl and was asymptomatic at presentation. By day 4, he developed fever, icterus, tachycardia, fatigue and dark brown urine. Labs were Hgb 3.6g/dl, platelet count 2.75 lakhs/ul, creatinine 1.1mg/ dI, AST 244U/L, ALT 69U/L, Total Bilirubin 4.65g/dl (Indirect 3.35) PT 14.6, INR 1.23. By Day 6, urine color darkened, suggestive of ongoing hemolysis with LDH level of 3614 U/L. Over the full hospital stay, urine output was maintained, and he didn't develop acute kidney injury. By Day 9, patient's symptoms improved & he was discharged on day 12. These compounds interfere with oxidative phosphorylation in cells, making red blood cells losing osmotic equilibrium. This metabolic handicap may lead to premature red blood cell lysis. Though asymptomatic at presentation, patient developed serious intravascular hemolysis and hemoglobinuria by day 4. This suggests the need for admission of asymptomatic patients, constant monitoring and to anticipate toxic potentials of the compound. The dearth of enough literature on this rare complication made us report this first case from North East India.
{"title":"Intravascular hemolysis in phenol poisoning: An unforeseen and rare complication","authors":"Archi Sharma, Giorgi Saikia","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2023.006","url":null,"abstract":"The black phenyl is a powerful germ killer used for homes, hospitals, which is easily accessible and can be consumed with the intention of self harm. Cases of intravascular hemolysis through inhalation or spillage has been reported, but intravascular hemolysis following ingestion is rarely reported. A 25 year old previously healthy male presented after alleged ingestion of black phenyl and was asymptomatic at presentation. By day 4, he developed fever, icterus, tachycardia, fatigue and dark brown urine. Labs were Hgb 3.6g/dl, platelet count 2.75 lakhs/ul, creatinine 1.1mg/ dI, AST 244U/L, ALT 69U/L, Total Bilirubin 4.65g/dl (Indirect 3.35) PT 14.6, INR 1.23. By Day 6, urine color darkened, suggestive of ongoing hemolysis with LDH level of 3614 U/L. Over the full hospital stay, urine output was maintained, and he didn't develop acute kidney injury. By Day 9, patient's symptoms improved & he was discharged on day 12. These compounds interfere with oxidative phosphorylation in cells, making red blood cells losing osmotic equilibrium. This metabolic handicap may lead to premature red blood cell lysis. Though asymptomatic at presentation, patient developed serious intravascular hemolysis and hemoglobinuria by day 4. This suggests the need for admission of asymptomatic patients, constant monitoring and to anticipate toxic potentials of the compound. The dearth of enough literature on this rare complication made us report this first case from North East India.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128546271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.029
Ramalingam S, Veeravijayan A, Narendar R
Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is an emergency condition and may be fatal. This condition is more common in children less than 3 years of age and male children are affected frequently. Among the foreign bodies inhaled, most of them are organic in nature and most commonly were lodged in right bronchus. Here we present a case report of an one and half year old male child who died of respiratory distress and found during autopsy that the cause for respiratory distress was foreign body aspiration.
{"title":"Even a healthy snacks may snatches a life - A case report","authors":"Ramalingam S, Veeravijayan A, Narendar R","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.029","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is an emergency condition and may be fatal. This condition is more common in children less than 3 years of age and male children are affected frequently. Among the foreign bodies inhaled, most of them are organic in nature and most commonly were lodged in right bronchus. Here we present a case report of an one and half year old male child who died of respiratory distress and found during autopsy that the cause for respiratory distress was foreign body aspiration.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131415965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.026
A. Shetti, Abhishek H.N., Chandrappa Sreekanth, Ashwin A.B., Safdhar Hasmi R., Aarati Thakur, Rachita G Mustilwar
Disinfection and sterilization are important and core steps in healthcare system. The infection control is not only for the benefit of the patient but presently it is a medico legally held responsible. One should have adequate knowledge about the sterilization of equipment. Although various disposable single use materials are present in healthcare system it will not be a cost effective method especially for the developing and underdeveloped countries. Inadequate knowledge will lead to hospital acquired infections and may also lead to life threatening cross infections. A proper infection control team and multidisciplinary approach will help to counter the infections in a scientific and cost effective way. This article describes various methods used for sterilization and also describes various commonly used equipment and their sterilization techniques.
{"title":"Sterilization techniques of anesthetic and critical care equipment – A review","authors":"A. Shetti, Abhishek H.N., Chandrappa Sreekanth, Ashwin A.B., Safdhar Hasmi R., Aarati Thakur, Rachita G Mustilwar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.026","url":null,"abstract":"Disinfection and sterilization are important and core steps in healthcare system. The infection control is not only for the benefit of the patient but presently it is a medico legally held responsible. One should have adequate knowledge about the sterilization of equipment. Although various disposable single use materials are present in healthcare system it will not be a cost effective method especially for the developing and underdeveloped countries. Inadequate knowledge will lead to hospital acquired infections and may also lead to life threatening cross infections. A proper infection control team and multidisciplinary approach will help to counter the infections in a scientific and cost effective way. This article describes various methods used for sterilization and also describes various commonly used equipment and their sterilization techniques.","PeriodicalId":163055,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130517602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2022.031
Prabhanshu Vyas, S. Solomon
Tuberculosis is a infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculin. The disease primarily affects the lungs and cause pulmonary tuberculosis. It can also affect structure such as Intestine, meanings, bones and joints, lymph gland, skin and others tissue and body parts. The disease also affects animals like cattle; which is known as “bovine tuberculosis” which may also communicate to man. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common form of Tuberculosis, which affect the man. A quantitative evaluative approach with one group pre-test design was used for the study. The samples consisted of 60 tuberculosis patient selected by Non probability purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by administering a structured knowledge questionnaire by the investigator before and after self-instructional module. Post-test was conducted after 7 days. Data were analysis using descriptive & inferential statistics (Paired‘t’ test, Chi- square test, Karl- Person’s correlation. The result of this study indicates that there was a significant increase in the post-test knowledge scores compared to pre-test scores of first aid minor ailments of prevention of tuberculosis. The mean knowledge score was observed 1.80 ± 0.40 in the pre-test and after implementation of self-instructional module post-test mean knowledge score was observed with 3.30 ± 0.46. T-test is shows the effectiveness of self-instructional module was -25.66. State will happened the experiment doesn't make any difference H0 will be no significant difference between pre-test and post test knowledge scores regarding prevention of Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Thus, after the analysis and interpretation of the data, we can conclude that the hypothesis H1 that, “There will be a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test knowledge score regarding prevention of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among tuberculosis patients is being accepted. And the hypothesis H2 “it was found out that the age, gender, educational status, occupation and previous knowledge found to be insignificant at the level of P< 0.05 is being rejected. From the above results, we can conclude that there was a statistically significant effectiveness seen in knowledge of tuberculosis patients. Thus, the intervention “Self- instructional module” was effective in improving the knowledge of tuberculosis patients.
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