Journal of interventional cardiology最新文献

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common cardiovascular disease that seriously threatens human lives. Anticoagulant therapy is considered to be the cornerstone of VTE treatment. An increasing number of studies has been updated in the VTE anticoagulation field. However, no bibliometric analyses have assessed these publications comprehensively. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the global status, hotspots, and trends of anticoagulant therapy for VTE.

Methods: The relevant literature on VTE anticoagulation published between 2012 and 2021 was retrieved and collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. VOSviewer, Cooccurrence Matrix Builder, gCLUTO, and some online visualization tools were adopted for bibliometric analysis.

Results: A total of 15,152 related articles were retrieved. In recent years, the research output of VTE anticoagulation gradually increased. The United States was the most productive country. International cooperation is concentrated in North America and Europe; the most influential documents, journals, authors, and organizations were also from these two continents. Research hotspots mainly focus on clinical guidelines, VTE in special populations, non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs), and parenteral anticoagulation. The research frontiers and trends include the assessment of NOACs and the antithrombotic management of VTE complicated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis provides a systematic overview of the VTE anticoagulation research, which will facilitate researchers to better understand the situation of VTE anticoagulation. Future studies should be dedicated to NOACs application and VTE-combined COVID-19 patients.

Introduction: Chronic total occlusion (CTO) of coronary arteries constitutes a substantial clinical challenge and has historically been managed through medical management and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, with the advancement in interventional technology, the success rate of percutaneous treatment has been significantly improved, and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has emerged as a primary mode of treatment for CTOs, demonstrating remarkable clinical efficacy. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate and contrast the outcomes of PCI and CABG in patients with CTO.

Methods and results: A systematic search was conducted in the databases of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The primary endpoints evaluated in this meta-analysis were the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and all-cause mortality. Secondary endpoints included myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac death, and the need for repeat revascularization. Nine studies, encompassing a total of 8,674 patients, were found to meet the criteria for inclusion and had a mean follow-up duration of 4.3 years. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that compared to CABG, PCI was associated with a lower incidence of all-cause mortality (RR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66-0.92; P = 0.003) and cardiac death (RR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.31-0.96; P < 0.05), but an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) (RR: 1.96; 95%CI: 1.07-3.62; P < 0.05) and repeat revascularization (RR: 7.13; 95% CI: 5.69-8.94; P < 0.00001). There was no statistically significant difference in MACE (RR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.69-1.81; P = 0.66) between the PCI and CABG groups.

Conclusion: In the present meta-analysis comparing PCI and CABG in patients with chronic total occlusion of the coronary arteries, the results indicated that PCI was superior to CABG in reducing all-cause mortality and cardiac death but inferior in decreasing myocardial infarction and repeat revascularization. There was no statistically significant difference in MACE between the two groups.

Background: Ventricular extrasystoles (VESs) are common and often harmless in a healthy heart, but they can significantly affect the quality of life. If changes in lifestyle and antiarrhythmic medication are not enough, invasive and often curative catheter ablation can be considered. Better understanding of the conformation of VESs with a 12-lead ECG, as well as their precise localization, have increased their treatment with catheter ablation. Our goal was to determine whether the anatomical site of VES had an effect on procedure success. We also analyzed the safety of the procedure and patient-related factors affecting the results.

Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the medical records of 63 consecutive patients with multiple idiopathic VESs treated by catheter ablation at Heart Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, during 2017 and 2018. Patients with structural heart disease were excluded. Ablation success was estimated with two endpoints, primary and follow-up success.

Results: The majority of the patients received treatment on the right ventricular outflow tract (66.7%), others on the left ventricle (17.5%), or the aortic cusp (9.5%). The site of origin remained unknown in four procedures (6.3% of patients). Primary success was observed in 48 procedures (76.2%). During the follow-up period of three months, the procedure was successful in 70.3% of the cases. The anatomical site of VES had no significant effect on either primary or follow-up success. Those with a successful follow-up result had a lower body mass index (BMI = 26.4) than those who had an unsuccessful result (BMI = 28.7; p=0.069); this did not reach statistical significance, potentially due to the small study population size. Complications were observed in three patients (4.5%). All of them were related to the catheter insertion site.

Conclusions: For a symptomatic patient, catheter ablation is an effective and often fully curative treatment. The success rate was similar regardless of the site of VESs. This suggests that catheter ablation should also be assessed early on for other cases besides classic right ventricular outflow tract VESs. A high BMI was the only factor associated with a poor procedure success rate. The procedure itself is safe, and adverse effects are rare. The radiation dose is also low partly due to the current magnetic navigation method.

Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a new method for the assessment of the extent of coronary artery stenosis. But it may be obscured by the cardiac remodeling and abnormal blood flow of the coronary artery when encountering atrial fibrillation (AF). The present study aimed to examine the impact of these changed structures and blood flow of coronary arteries on QFR results in AF patients. Methods and Results. We evaluated QFR in 223 patients (112 patients with AF; 111 non-AF patients served as controls) who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) due to severe stenoses in coronary arteries. QFR of the target coronary was determined according to the flow rate of the contrast agent. Results showed that AF patients had significantly higher QFR values than control (0.792 ± 0.118 vs. 0.685 ± 0.167, p < 0.001). We further analyzed local QFR around the stenoses (0.858 ± 0.304 vs. 0.756 ± 0.146, p=0.002), residual QFR (0.958 ± 0.055 vs. 0.929 ± 0.093, p=0.005), and index QFR (0.807 ± 0.108 vs. 0.713 ± 0.152, p < 0.001) in these two groups of patients with and without AF. Further analysis revealed that QFR in AF patients was negatively correlated with coronary flow velocity (R = -0.22, p=0.02) and area of stenosis (R = -0.70, p < 0.001) but positively correlated with the minimum lumen area (MLA) (R = 0.47, p < 0.001). Conclusion. AF patients with coronary artery stenosis have higher QFR values, which are associated with decreased blood flow velocity, smaller stenosis, and larger MLA in AF patients upon cardiac remodeling.

The adenosine-requiring physiological index fractional flow reserve (FFR) is the gold-standard method for determining the significance of intermediate lesions, while the resting full-cycle ratio (RFR) is a novel nonhyperaemic index without the need for adenosine administration. The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of concordance between RFR and FFR in indicating the need for revascularisation in patients with intermediate coronary lesions. This was a retrospective, registry-based study utilising data from the SWEDEHEART registry. Patients treated at Ryhov County Hospital in Jönköping, Sweden, between the 1^st of January 2020 and the 30^th of September 2021, were included. The degree of correlation and concordance between RFR and FFR was determined, both when used with a single cut-off (significant stenosis if RFR ≤0.89) and with a hybrid approach (significant stenosis if RFR ≤0.85, not significant if RFR ≥0.94, and FFR measurement when RFR was in the grey zone 0.86-0.93). The study population consisted of 143 patients with 200 lesions. The overall correlation between FFR and RFR was significant (r = 0.715, R² = 0.511, p ≤ 0.01). A strong correlation was seen for lesions in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and the left circumflex artery (LCX) (r = 0.748 and 0.742, respectively, both p ≤ 0.01), while the correlation in the right coronary artery (RCA) was moderate (r = 0.524, p ≤ 0.01). The overall concordance between FFR and RFR using a single cut-off was 79.0%. With a hybrid cut-off approach, the degree of concordance was 91%, with no need of adenosine in 50.5% of the lesions. In conclusion, there was a strong correlation and a high degree of concordance between FFR and RFR in determining the significance of a stenosis. The use of a hybrid approach could improve the identification of physiologically significant stenoses while minimising the use of adenosine.

Background: Randomized trials have shown superiority of the novel P2Y12 inhibitors over clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but clinical benefit in the community remains controversial. Our objective was to compare the safety and efficacy of clopidogrel to ticagrelor and prasugrel in patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a real-world population.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with ACS who underwent PCI and were discharged with clopidogrel, ticagrelor, or prasugrel from 2012 to 2018 within Kaiser Permanente Northern California. We used Cox proportional hazard models with propensity-score matching to evaluate the association of the P2Y12 agent with the primary outcomes of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and bleeding events.

Results: The study included 15,476 patients (93.1% on clopidogrel, 3.6% on ticagrelor and 3.2% on prasugrel). Compared to the clopidogrel group, ticagrelorand prasugrel patients were younger with less comorbidities. In multivariable models with propensity-score matching, we found a lower risk of all-cause mortality in the ticagrelor vs the clopidogrel group (HR (95% CI) 0.43 (0.20-0.92)), but no differences in the other endpoints, and no difference between prasugrel and clopidogrel among any endpoints. A larger proportion of patients on ticagrelor or prasugrel switched to an alternative P2Y12 agent vs. clopidogrel (p < 0.01), and a higher level of persistence was seen among patients on clopidogrel vs. ticagrelor (p = 0.03) or prasugrel (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: Among patients with ACS who underwent PCI, we observed a lower risk of all-cause mortality in patients treated with ticagrelor vs clopidogrel, but no difference in other clinical endpoints nor any differences in endpoints between prasugrel vs. clopidogrel users. These results suggest that further study is needed to identify an optimal P2Y12 inhibitor in a real-world population.

Objective: Assess factors contributing to variation in the use of new and evolving diagnostic and interventional procedures for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Background: Evidence-based practices for PCI have the potential to improve outcomes but are variably adopted. Finding possible drivers of PCI procedure-use variability is key for efforts aimed at establishing more uniform practice.

Methods: Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program data were used to estimate a proportion of variation attributable to hospital-, operator-, and patient-level factors across (a) radial arterial access, (b) intravascular imaging/optical coherence tomography, and (c) atherectomy for PCI. We used random-effects models with hospital, operator, and patient random effects. Overlap between levels generated cumulative variability estimates greater than 100%.

Results: A total of 445 operators performed 95,391 PCI procedures across 73 hospitals from 2011 to 2018. The rates of all procedures increased over this time. 24.45% of variability in the use of radial access was attributable to the hospital, 53.04% to the operator, and 57.83% to patient-level characteristics. 9.06% of the variability in intravascular imaging use was attributable to the hospital, 43.92% to the operator, and 21.20% to the patient. Lastly, 20.16% of the variability in use of atherectomy was attributed to the hospital, 34.63% to the operator, and 57.50% to the patient.

Conclusions: The use of radial access, intracoronary imaging, and atherectomy is influenced by patient, operator, and hospital factors, but patient and operator-level effects predominate. Efforts to increase the use of evidence-based practices for PCI should consider interventions at these levels.

Aim: Steam pop (SP) during radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) may cause cardiac perforation, which may require drainage and emergent thoracotomy or even lead to death. Data investigating the timely detection of the occurrence of "silent" or "nonaudible" SP events are limited.

Methods and results: A total of 516 consecutive atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who underwent index PVI were included in this retrospective observational study. The duration, power, impedance, temperature, and contact force (CF) of RFCA were continually monitored and recorded throughout the procedure. A total of 15 (2.9%) audible SP events occurred in 14 patients; 2 of the patients developed pericardial tamponade, 1 patient underwent drainage, and 1 patient underwent emergent thoracotomy. The time from RFCA initiation to the occurrence of audible SP was 19.4 ± 6.9 s. Abrupt temperature change occurred in 13 (86.7%) of the 15 SP events, of which 8 (53.3%) exhibited an abrupt temperature rise of 2.3 ± 1.0°C, 5 (33.3%) exhibited an abrupt temperature drop of 2.3 ± 1.3°C, and 2 (13.3%) exhibited no discernible temperature change.

Conclusions: In conclusion, simultaneously recorded spike potentials and abrupt impedance rise with concomitant temperature and/or CF change could be a feasible method for the timely detection of the occurrence of audible, "silent," or "nonaudible" SP events, particularly in regions where the risk of perforation may be of concern.