Journal of Marine Science and Technology最新文献_第8页

Methanol as an Eco-Environmental Alternative Fuel for Ships: A Case Study 甲醇作为船舶生态环境替代燃料:一个案例研究

4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.51400/2709-6998.2698

Samar K. Sallam, Mohamed M. Elgohary, Ibrahim S. Seddiek

Global emissions of Green House Gases and air pollutants are significantly influenced by shipping. Diesel fuel use for energy production is primarily responsible for these emissions. The substitution of traditional marine diesel oil with methanol as a marine fuel is recommended in this study. Moreover, the methanol-diesel dual-fuel engine's environmental and financial benefits are investigated numerically. A cruise passenger ship named Costa Toscana has been evaluated as a case study. Based on the data, the suggested dual-fuel engine reduces emissions of CO2, NOx, SOx, and PM by 25.7%, 38.46%, 45%, and 45%, respectively, with a cost-effectiveness of 286.5, 6645, 268403.4, and 358759.8 US$/ton, respectively. According to the findings, converting an engine to run on two fuels will comply with all current and upcoming IMO standards regulating emissions of air pollutants. In addition, the cruise ship's recommended dual-fuel engine will save 17.57 million USD/year in fuel costs.

全球温室气体和空气污染物的排放受到航运的显著影响。用于能源生产的柴油燃料是这些排放的主要原因。本研究推荐用甲醇替代传统船用柴油作为船用燃料。此外，还对甲醇-柴油双燃料发动机的环境效益和经济效益进行了数值分析。一艘名为科斯塔托斯卡纳的游轮被作为一个案例进行了评估。数据显示，双燃料发动机的CO2、NOx、SOx和PM排放量分别降低了25.7%、38.46%、45%和45%，成本效益分别为286.5、6645、268403.4和358759.8美元/吨。根据调查结果，将发动机转换为使用两种燃料将符合所有现行和即将出台的国际海事组织关于空气污染物排放的标准。此外，游轮推荐的双燃料发动机将节省1757万美元/年的燃料成本。

引用次数: 0

Collision Risk Prediction for Small Ships in South Korea via Optimization of Wireless Communication Period 基于无线通信周期优化的韩国小型船舶碰撞风险预测

4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.51400/2709-6998.2706

So-Ra Kim, Myoung-Ki Lee, Sangwon Park, Dae-Won Kim, Young-Soo Park

Since the emergence of COVID-19, there has been a global surge in demand for marine leisure activities. In Korea, the population using marine leisure has risen approximately 192% to 20,406 people, compared to 6,966 people in the year 2000, indicating a continuous growth over the past two decades.. Maritime transportation has become increasingly intricate worldwide due to the development of increasingly autonomous, larger, and faster ships. To effectively address potential hazards in such complex traffic environments, it is imperative to anticipate future scenarios and respond rapidly. However, small vessels account for the highest proportion of marine accidents, exhibit movements that exceed the communication period, complicating their behavior prediction. This study aims to identify the appropriate communication interval and prediction methodology for estimating the navigational risk associated with small ships. To achieve this, prediction data were generated for Korean fishing boats using point-based and motion-based prediction methods and communication periods. The accuracy of these predictions was assessed by employing the root mean square error metric and a maritime traffic risk model based on existing data. The findings demonstrate that the point-based prediction method ismore accurate in predicting the future risk of small ships by approximately three times compared to the motion-based prediction method. Among the communication intervals analyzed in this study, 5-s interval is recommended to ensure accurate navigational predictions. The significance of this study lies in its determination of the optimal prediction method and communication period for predicting the navigational risk of small ships, which has practical implications for enhancing maritime safety.

自2019冠状病毒病出现以来，全球对海上休闲活动的需求激增。在韩国，利用海洋休闲的人数从2000年的6966人增加到20406人，增加了192%，在过去的20年里持续增长。由于越来越多的自动化、更大、更快的船舶的发展，世界范围内的海上运输变得越来越复杂。在如此复杂的交通环境中，为了有效地解决潜在的危险，预测未来的情况并迅速做出反应是必要的。然而，小型船舶在海上事故中所占比例最高，表现出超过通信期的运动，使其行为预测复杂化。本研究旨在确定适当的通信间隔和预测方法，以估计与小型船舶相关的航行风险。为了实现这一目标，使用基于点和基于运动的预测方法和通信周期生成了韩国渔船的预测数据。通过采用均方根误差度量和基于现有数据的海上交通风险模型来评估这些预测的准确性。结果表明，基于点的预测方法对小型船舶未来风险的预测精度比基于运动的预测方法提高了约3倍。在本研究分析的通信间隔中，为了保证准确的导航预测，建议使用5-s的间隔。本研究的意义在于确定了预测小型船舶航行风险的最佳预测方法和通信周期，对提高海上安全具有实际意义。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic capabilities of maritime infrastructure: conceptual design of merchant vessels with usability in crisis. 海事基础设施的动态能力：具有危机可用性的商船概念设计。

IF 2.6 4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00773-023-00932-x

Satoshi Hirayama, Yasuo Ichinose, Shinnosuke Wanaka, Bryan Moser, Kazuo Hiekata

Today's social infrastructure, e.g., transportation, medical services, energy supply and distribution, may become temporarily unable to provide functions due to the damage to buildings or excessive congestion resulting from threats, such as natural disasters, rising sea levels, pandemics. Maritime-based responses, typified by hospital ships, are drawing attention as a method to mitigate these effects. However, while designing emergency infrastructure, it is necessary to consider not only the value of these systems in emergencies but also during normal times. This study adopts the systems approach, a set of methods to conduct decision-making when complex stakeholders' relationships are involved. We focus on medical functions and propose a conceptual design for a flexible hospital ship with dynamic capability during emergencies as well as normal times. Specifically, we examine the optimal combination of ship type, size, navigation range during normal times, operations during emergencies, and contract approaches. Quantitative evaluation of utility during emergencies and economic efficiency are considered in tradeoff. In addition to the conventional cost-based study, we examined benefit-cost through ship sharing, in which ships are leased to the private sector as merchant vessels during normal times to generate revenue.

今天的社会基础设施，如交通、医疗服务、能源供应和分配，可能会由于自然灾害、海平面上升、流行病等威胁对建筑物造成损坏或过度拥堵而暂时无法提供功能。以医院船为代表的海上反应，作为减轻这些影响的一种方法，正在引起人们的注意。然而，在设计应急基础设施时，不仅需要考虑这些系统在紧急情况下的价值，还需要考虑正常情况下的值。本研究采用系统方法，这是一套在涉及复杂利益相关者关系时进行决策的方法。我们专注于医疗功能，并提出了一种在紧急情况和正常情况下具有动态能力的柔性医院船的概念设计。具体而言，我们研究了船舶类型、尺寸、正常时期的航程、紧急情况下的操作和合同方法的最佳组合。在权衡中考虑了紧急情况下效用的定量评估和经济效率。除了传统的基于成本的研究外，我们还研究了通过船舶共享的收益成本，即在正常时期将船舶作为商船租赁给私营部门以产生收入。

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引用次数: 0

Rapid species identification of Meretrix lusoria and three other Meretrix clams using PCR and RFLP analysis of the mitochondrial COII gene. 利用线粒体COII基因的PCR和RFLP分析快速鉴定了沙蛤和其他三种沙蛤的种类。

4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.51400/2709-6998.2699

Chia-Hsuan Sung, Liang-Jong Wang, Chang-Wen Huang

Meretrix clams are among the most economically important species of bivalves in Eastern Asia and Taiwan. In the past, the identification of these hard clams depended on the shell morphology; however, species identification based on shell markings and shapes confuses the taxonomy of the Meretrix genus. The DNA molecular information is useful and can easily identify them accurately and quickly, especially the sequence of mitochondrial DNA. In this study, a PCR method to analyze the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase II (COII) gene was developed to rapidly identify of M. lusoria, M. lamarckii, M. lyrata and M. petechialis. Four different species of hard clams were easily distinguished by examining the COII PCR gel pattern using the naked eye. The limit of COII PCR detection was 39.06 pg, and it showed good specificity of primer. Further verification using RFLP suggested that four species of hard clams could be identified on the basis of the RFLP gel pattern produced by the digestion of one restriction enzyme, and these results were consistent with the PCR results. The ML phylogenetic analysis of COII grouped the four Meretrix species into different clades with strong bootstrap support. These results are consistent with those of the phylogenetic analysis of COI gene. In summary, this study’s COII PCR and RFLP method facilitates the rapid, accurate, and inexpensive identification of Meretrix species. These results suggest that this COII PCR method can be used for routine and rapid species identification on population, aquaculture and breeding management.

双壳蛤是东亚和台湾最具经济价值的双壳类之一。在过去，这些硬蛤的鉴定依赖于壳的形态;然而，基于贝壳标记和形状的物种鉴定混淆了梅属的分类。DNA分子信息是有用的，可以很容易地准确和快速地识别它们，特别是线粒体DNA的序列。本研究建立了一种线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶II (COII)基因的PCR分析方法，用于快速鉴定褐螺旋体、拉马克螺旋体、lyrata螺旋体和斑点螺旋体。通过肉眼检测COII PCR凝胶图谱，可以很容易地区分出四种不同种类的硬蛤。COII PCR检测限为39.06 pg，对引物具有良好的特异性。进一步的RFLP验证表明，根据一种限制性内切酶酶切产生的RFLP凝胶图，可以鉴定出4种硬蛤，这些结果与PCR结果一致。COII的ML系统发育分析将4个Meretrix种划分为不同的支系，具有较强的自举支持。这些结果与COI基因的系统发育分析结果一致。综上所述，本研究的COII PCR和RFLP方法能够快速、准确、廉价地鉴定梅属植物。这些结果表明，该方法可用于种群、养殖和养殖管理的常规和快速物种鉴定。

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引用次数: 0

A safety supervision tool toward digitalization of maritime HRA applications: the case of MMOHRA. 面向海上HRA应用数字化的安全监管工具:以MMOHRA为例。

IF 2.6 4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00773-022-00911-8

Cagatay Kandemir, Metin Celik

This study proposed a safety supervision tool to HRA-based monitoring of ship maintenance operations via a digital platform. It is conceptualized to assist safety supervisors in the best proactive measures along with maintenance works onboard ships. The tool refers the marine maintenance and operations human reliability analysis (MMOHRA) concept. Moreover, it facilitates the timely and consistently practice of MMOHRA. Indeed, it accurately identifies critical tasks and associate recovery acts. Fundamentally, a rule-based mechanism supported with relation matrix response to general task type selection, EPCs' assignment, and human error probability (HEP) calculation, respectively. Then, the system automatically calculates, visualizes and manages HEP values of operation steps. Consequently, this study digitalizes maritime HRA investigations particular to maintenance operations. The proposed tool, compliance with the relevant sections of updated inspection regimes such as SIRE 2.0 and DryBms, has very high utility to effectively control human element onboard. This study also enables a further research potential to conduct an extended human reliability database in ship fleet level.

本研究提出了一种基于hra的船舶维修作业安全监管工具。它的概念是协助安全主管采取最佳的主动措施以及船上的维护工作。该工具参考了船舶维护和操作人员可靠性分析(MMOHRA)的概念。此外，它还促进了MMOHRA的及时和一致的实施。事实上，它准确地识别了关键任务并关联了恢复行动。从根本上说，这是一种基于规则的机制，支持关系矩阵响应，分别用于一般任务类型选择、epc分配和人为错误概率(HEP)计算。然后，系统自动计算、可视化和管理操作步骤的HEP值。因此，本研究将海上HRA调查数字化，特别是维护操作。该工具符合最新检查制度的相关部分，如SIRE 2.0和DryBms，在有效控制船上人为因素方面具有很高的实用性。本研究也为建立船队层面的扩展人力可靠性数据库提供了进一步的研究潜力。

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引用次数: 0

A methodology for statistical mean wave climate regime characterisation in oceanic islands: the case of the southern coast of Tenerife 海洋岛屿统计平均波浪气候状态特征的方法:以特内里费岛南部海岸为例

4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.51400/2709-6998.2707

Emilio Megías, Manuel García-Román

Oceanic islands of volcanic origin tend to have peculiar characteristics, such as: exposure to many wave directions; grouping in archipelagos; steep coastal slopes; and small coastal shelves. All these features require certain considerations in wave climate studies. These types of studies, when wave spectra are not available and have to be performed with parametric data, can be unreliable without an adequate systematic treatment. In this work we propose a methodology consisting of pre-classification according to the peak period and subsequent separation into different sectors according to the geographical fetch. The island of Tenerife is the case study, and in particular the waves reaching its southern coast. Data from the existing deep-water buoy have been used in this work. A range of fetch lengths between the few miles of distance to the neighbouring islands, and more than 5,500 nautical miles that separate it from the Antarctic region have been considered. The dominant type of waves and the direction of provenance in each season of the year have been characterised. The proposed methodology has been designed to be applied to any oceanic archipelago with similar characteristics to those mentioned above.

火山起源的大洋岛屿往往具有独特的特征，例如:暴露于许多波浪方向;成群岛的;陡峭的海岸斜坡;还有小型海岸大陆架。所有这些特征都需要在波浪气候研究中加以考虑。当波浪谱不可用时，这些类型的研究必须用参数数据进行，如果没有适当的系统处理，可能是不可靠的。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种方法，包括根据高峰时期的预分类和随后的分离到不同的部门根据地理获取。特内里费岛是一个研究案例，尤其是到达其南部海岸的海浪。在这项工作中使用了现有深水浮标的数据。从几英里到邻近岛屿的距离，到5500多海里与南极地区的距离，都在考虑范围之内。一年中每个季节的主要波浪类型和来源方向已被确定。拟议的方法已被设计用于任何具有类似上述特点的海洋群岛。

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引用次数: 0

Predefined-time Neural Sliding Mode Control based Trajectory Tracking of Autonomous Surface Vehicle 基于预定义时间神经滑模控制的自动水面车辆轨迹跟踪

4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.51400/2709-6998.2697

Han Xue, Shulin Li

With the progress and development of modern industry, it is urgent to develop a more general and mature predefined time control theory system for uncertain nonlinear systems and apply it to practical engineering systems. Therefore, a novel predefined-time sliding mode control is designed to improve the slow convergence speed of asymptotically convergent controllers and finite-time convergent controllers affected by the initial state of the system. The proposed control approach is proved to converge from the initial value to the balance position using Jensen's inequality and Liapunov theorem. The proposed control method can deal with the ship motion system having six Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) under external disturbance and parameter uncertainty. Furthermore, there are several application scenarios to simulate the proposed algorithm, such as the ship which is required to achieve ideal control accuracy in a short and fixed time. Alternatively, an unmanned ship is required to arrive at the desired location within the specified time. To sum up, this algorithm can extend some existing theoretical results on finite-time and fixed-time control to the predefined-time case.

随着现代工业的进步和发展，迫切需要针对不确定非线性系统开发一种更通用、更成熟的预定义时间控制理论体系，并将其应用于实际工程系统。因此，设计了一种新的预定义时间滑模控制，以改善渐近收敛控制器和有限时间收敛控制器受系统初始状态影响收敛速度慢的问题。利用Jensen不等式和Liapunov定理证明了所提出的控制方法从初始值收敛到平衡位置。所提出的控制方法可以处理具有六自由度的船舶运动系统在外界干扰和参数不确定的情况下的控制问题。此外，还有几种应用场景可以对所提出的算法进行仿真，例如需要在短而固定的时间内达到理想控制精度的船舶。或者，要求无人船在规定的时间内到达期望的位置。综上所述，该算法可以将现有的有限时间和固定时间控制的理论结果推广到预定义时间的情况。

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引用次数: 0

Path Planning of UAV Navigation Mark Inspection Using a K-means Clustering ACA 基于k均值聚类ACA的无人机航标检测路径规划

4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.51400/2709-6998.2705

Jiaqi Li, Weifeng Li, Wenting Zhang

With increasing speeds and application of artificial intelligence in the shipping industry, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has been applied to navigation mark inspections to improve the inspection efficiency and safety. Aimed at the UAV path planning problem of navigation mark inspection, this paper proposes an improved K-means clustering ant colony algorithm (KCACA) to design the shortest route for UAV navigation mark inspections. First, the K-means algorithm and the UAV maximum flight distance were used to cluster the navigation marks, which were then split into several secondary clusters. Each cluster was regarded as an independent traveling salesman problem to be evaluated using the ant colony algorithm (ACA). Second, after optimizing the ACA pheromone update formula, the attenuation factor was gradually reduced according to the number of iterations. Experiments showed that the improved KCACA not only optimized the shortest path but also calculated the optimal path in a short time, improving the operation efficiency.

随着人工智能在航运业中的应用和速度的提高，无人机技术已被应用于航标检测，以提高检测效率和安全性。针对无人机航标检测路径规划问题，提出了一种改进的k均值聚类蚁群算法(KCACA)，为无人机航标检测设计最短路径。首先利用K-means算法和无人机最大飞行距离对航标进行聚类，然后将航标分成若干次聚类;将每个聚类视为一个独立的旅行商问题，并使用蚁群算法(ACA)进行评估。其次，对ACA信息素更新公式进行优化后，根据迭代次数逐渐减小衰减因子。实验表明，改进的KCACA不仅能优化最短路径，而且能在短时间内计算出最优路径，提高了运行效率。

引用次数: 0

Study on Legal Issues of Ocean Fishing in China 中国海洋渔业法律问题研究

IF 2.6 4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.30564/jms.v4i2.4454

Yan-jing Sun

“The 21st century is the century of the ocean.” In recent years, China has paid more and more attention to the promotion and development of the marine industry, especially the ocean fishery has brought immeasurable economic benefits to China. The development of the marine field is becoming more and more important in the national political, economic and cultural development. All coastal countries have included marine development in their national development strategies and continuously improved their marine legislation under the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea. China’s pelagic fishing began in 1985, but because China’s pelagic fishing started too late, after the entry into force of the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea at the end of 1994, nearly 36% of the richest high seas on earth became the exclusive economic zone of coastal countries, and the development space of China’s pelagic fishing has become very limited. After just more than 30 years of development, ***. However, before that, China’s pelagic fishing was still subject to the dual norms of international conventions and domestic laws, and China had not yet formulated a special law on pelagic fishing, and there were still many deficiencies in the legal system norms of pelagic fishing. Therefore, the biggest problem facing China’s pelagic fishery is how to better develop the marine industry under the system of laws and regulations, drive the coordinated economic development, provide legal guidance and help for pelagic fishermen, and provide solid technical support for building a marine power with Chinese characteristics.

“21世纪是海洋的世纪。”近年来，中国越来越重视海洋产业的促进和发展，特别是海洋渔业给中国带来了不可估量的经济效益。海洋领域的发展在国家政治、经济和文化发展中占有越来越重要的地位。所有沿海国家都将海洋开发纳入国家发展战略，根据《联合国海洋法公约》的规定，不断完善海洋立法。中国的远洋捕捞始于1985年，但由于中国的远洋捕捞起步过晚，1994年底《联合国海洋法公约》生效后，地球上最富有的公海近36%成为沿海国家的专属经济区，中国的远洋捕捞发展空间变得非常有限。经过短短30多年的发展，***。但在此之前，中国的远洋捕捞仍然受制于国际公约和国内法的双重规范，中国尚未制定专门的远洋捕捞法，远洋捕捞的法律制度规范还存在诸多不足。因此，如何在法律法规体系下更好地发展海洋产业，带动经济协调发展，为远洋渔民提供法律指导和帮助，为建设中国特色海洋强国提供坚实的技术支撑，是中国远洋渔业面临的最大问题。

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引用次数: 0

Biological Invasions in Marine Ecosystems: Amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda) as a Model Group 海洋生态系统中的生物入侵:片脚类(甲壳类:片脚类)作为一个模式群

IF 2.6 4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.30564/jms.v4i1.4564

M. P. Cabezas

Copyright © 2022 by the author(s). Published by Bilingual Publishing Co. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). *Corresponding Author: M. Pilar Cabezas, Associate Editor, Journal of Marine Science; Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; Email: pilarcabezas@fc.up.pt

版权所有©2022由作者所有。这是一篇遵循知识共享署名-非商业4.0国际(CC by - nc 4.0)许可协议的开放获取文章。(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)。*通讯作者:M. Pilar Cabezas, Journal of Marine Science副主编;Ciências波尔图大学学院，葡萄牙波尔图阿雷格里大街4169-007;电子邮件:pilarcabezas@fc.up.pt

引用次数: 0