Antenatal health care (ANC) refers to pregnancy related health care provided by a doctor or a health worker in a health facility or home. ANC is the key entry point of a pregnant woman to receive broad range of health promotion and preventive services which promote the health of the mother and the baby. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting. Antenatal health care usage of women at Hossana town in Bobicho Kebele. In order to achieve our objective descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation and logistic regression statistical techniques were used for data analysis using socio-economic and demographic variables as explanatory variables and Antenatal health care usage of women as the response variable using R software. The results of descriptive statistics shows that 70(42.20%) of women were not use ANC and 96(57.80%) were use ANC and the inferential analysis show that age of women, women’s educational level, monthly average income, and material status of women, occupation of husband and utilization of accesses of health care were found to be important determinants of Antenatal health care usage of women in Hossana town at Bobicho Kebele. The result also suggested that adult, educated, married women were use ANC usage than the adolescent, uneducated and divorced and widowed women respectively. A woman’s having high monthly average income use ANC than having low monthly average income. It is recommended that Governments should aware the women to use the Antenatal care usage of health service and all societies and concerned bodies must understand that education level of women and occupation of husband are the main determinant factors for the use of Antenatal care and usage of health services in our study area in Hossana town at Bobicho Keble. Keywords: Antenatal health care usage, R software, Binary Logistic Regression DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/63-01 Publication date: January 31 st 2020
{"title":"Applying Logistic Regression on Determinants of Antenatal Health Care Usage of Women’s at Hossana town, in Bobicho Kebele","authors":"Adinew Handiso Arficho","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/63-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/63-01","url":null,"abstract":"Antenatal health care (ANC) refers to pregnancy related health care provided by a doctor or a health worker in a health facility or home. ANC is the key entry point of a pregnant woman to receive broad range of health promotion and preventive services which promote the health of the mother and the baby. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting. Antenatal health care usage of women at Hossana town in Bobicho Kebele. In order to achieve our objective descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation and logistic regression statistical techniques were used for data analysis using socio-economic and demographic variables as explanatory variables and Antenatal health care usage of women as the response variable using R software. The results of descriptive statistics shows that 70(42.20%) of women were not use ANC and 96(57.80%) were use ANC and the inferential analysis show that age of women, women’s educational level, monthly average income, and material status of women, occupation of husband and utilization of accesses of health care were found to be important determinants of Antenatal health care usage of women in Hossana town at Bobicho Kebele. The result also suggested that adult, educated, married women were use ANC usage than the adolescent, uneducated and divorced and widowed women respectively. A woman’s having high monthly average income use ANC than having low monthly average income. It is recommended that Governments should aware the women to use the Antenatal care usage of health service and all societies and concerned bodies must understand that education level of women and occupation of husband are the main determinant factors for the use of Antenatal care and usage of health services in our study area in Hossana town at Bobicho Keble. Keywords: Antenatal health care usage, R software, Binary Logistic Regression DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/63-01 Publication date: January 31 st 2020","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86636340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Kareem, B. Ijaz, A. Masood, Y. Mehmood, M. Karim, J. Riaz
Background : Dearth of psychiatrist specialists is evident worldwide. Awareness of undergraduate students towards mental illness has an important role in affecting the quality of care the patient receives and in choosing psychiatry as a career . Decision to specialize in psychiatry based on many factors, however attitude of undergraduates towards career choice play most important role in this aspect. Objective : This study aims to explore attitude and towards psychiatry among medical undergraduates in tertiary care hospital and factors influencing this decision. Methodology: It was Descriptive cross sectional study done at Nishtar medical University, tertiary care hospital of Multan Pakistan from July to December 2019. The total 384 students from first to final year were enrolled by non probability convenient sampling technique. Participation was voluntary and ensured that response would be kept anonymous. ATP-30 (Attitude towards Psychiatry) a 30 item self- administered questionnaire was used to measure the attitude of medical students. Data collected on a pre defined questionnaire was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results pertaining to rates were reported as frequencies and percentages. Result : 47.4% of study respondents were male and 52.6 % were female. 52.3% of our study respondents strongly agree that psychiatry was respected branch of medicine and 56.7% strongly agree that psychiatry should be an important part of medical curriculum. 19.4% of study respondents consider it in the list of the carrier choice while majority didn’t think that it should be in their career list options. Conclusion : Majority of students shows positive attitude. Mostly found it as respected and essential field of medicine. However insufficient knowledge and awareness can also be observed in responses pertaining to available treatment and advancement in the field. There is a need to revise the curriculum and clinical rotation schedule to raise interest of students regarding mental health issues of their community and ease their decision in choosing it as a career. Keywords: Attitude, Undergraduate medical students, Psychiatry, Multan, Pakistan DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/63-06 Publication date: January 31 st 2020
{"title":"Attitude of Medical Students Towards Psychiatry in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"O. Kareem, B. Ijaz, A. Masood, Y. Mehmood, M. Karim, J. Riaz","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/63-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/63-06","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Dearth of psychiatrist specialists is evident worldwide. Awareness of undergraduate students towards mental illness has an important role in affecting the quality of care the patient receives and in choosing psychiatry as a career . Decision to specialize in psychiatry based on many factors, however attitude of undergraduates towards career choice play most important role in this aspect. Objective : This study aims to explore attitude and towards psychiatry among medical undergraduates in tertiary care hospital and factors influencing this decision. Methodology: It was Descriptive cross sectional study done at Nishtar medical University, tertiary care hospital of Multan Pakistan from July to December 2019. The total 384 students from first to final year were enrolled by non probability convenient sampling technique. Participation was voluntary and ensured that response would be kept anonymous. ATP-30 (Attitude towards Psychiatry) a 30 item self- administered questionnaire was used to measure the attitude of medical students. Data collected on a pre defined questionnaire was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results pertaining to rates were reported as frequencies and percentages. Result : 47.4% of study respondents were male and 52.6 % were female. 52.3% of our study respondents strongly agree that psychiatry was respected branch of medicine and 56.7% strongly agree that psychiatry should be an important part of medical curriculum. 19.4% of study respondents consider it in the list of the carrier choice while majority didn’t think that it should be in their career list options. Conclusion : Majority of students shows positive attitude. Mostly found it as respected and essential field of medicine. However insufficient knowledge and awareness can also be observed in responses pertaining to available treatment and advancement in the field. There is a need to revise the curriculum and clinical rotation schedule to raise interest of students regarding mental health issues of their community and ease their decision in choosing it as a career. Keywords: Attitude, Undergraduate medical students, Psychiatry, Multan, Pakistan DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/63-06 Publication date: January 31 st 2020","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84848028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Mousavi, P. Shojaei, Termeh Tarjoman, Ariana Daftarian
Objective The present study was done with the objective of assessing the self-care practices among diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in hospital of Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 314 Iranian patients older than 18 years of age with type 2 diabetes were completed Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire. Data was analyzed by ANOVA, t-test, correlation and liner regression. Results A significant association was found between the diabetes self-management sum scale and body mass index, Dietary control subscale and body mass index, Physical activity subscale and body mass index & job and Healthcare use subscale and diabetes treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion Due to the high BMI in respondents, Overweight and obese respondents need to be advised by health professionals on physical activities and proper diet to achieve healthy weights to avoid complications related to diabetes mellitus. Keywords Diabetes self-management, Type 2 diabetes, Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/63-02 Publication date: January 31 st 2020
{"title":"Self-Care Level in Diabetic Patients","authors":"F. Mousavi, P. Shojaei, Termeh Tarjoman, Ariana Daftarian","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/63-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/63-02","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The present study was done with the objective of assessing the self-care practices among diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in hospital of Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 314 Iranian patients older than 18 years of age with type 2 diabetes were completed Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire. Data was analyzed by ANOVA, t-test, correlation and liner regression. Results A significant association was found between the diabetes self-management sum scale and body mass index, Dietary control subscale and body mass index, Physical activity subscale and body mass index & job and Healthcare use subscale and diabetes treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion Due to the high BMI in respondents, Overweight and obese respondents need to be advised by health professionals on physical activities and proper diet to achieve healthy weights to avoid complications related to diabetes mellitus. Keywords Diabetes self-management, Type 2 diabetes, Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/63-02 Publication date: January 31 st 2020","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87275617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coronavirus COVID-19 is an RNA virus with size 120 nm. It began spreading at the end of 2019 and at the beginning of 2020 in China, and it leads to a severe infectious disease 2019-nCoV. It resembles severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV), and the new virus is labelled as SARS - CoV -2 . Its genome is single-chained with positive strand. It contains a nucleotide with spiral symmetry. The coronavirus SARSr-CoV gets replicated via copying of the genetic material using the enzyme RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.The author considers a complex method of influence over SARS - CoV that includes intake of alkaline water Catholyte with negative oxidation reduction potential (ORP), food supplement Oxidal with Methylene blue and Colloidal Silver. Keywords : SARSr-CoV, water Catholyte, Oxidal with Methylene blue and Colloidal Silver
{"title":"Antibacterial and Antiviral Effects of Water Catholyte, Oxidal with Methylene Blue and Colloidal Silver","authors":"I. Ignatov","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/65-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/65-03","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus COVID-19 is an RNA virus with size 120 nm. It began spreading at the end of 2019 and at the beginning of 2020 in China, and it leads to a severe infectious disease 2019-nCoV. It resembles severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV), and the new virus is labelled as SARS - CoV -2 . Its genome is single-chained with positive strand. It contains a nucleotide with spiral symmetry. The coronavirus SARSr-CoV gets replicated via copying of the genetic material using the enzyme RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.The author considers a complex method of influence over SARS - CoV that includes intake of alkaline water Catholyte with negative oxidation reduction potential (ORP), food supplement Oxidal with Methylene blue and Colloidal Silver. Keywords : SARSr-CoV, water Catholyte, Oxidal with Methylene blue and Colloidal Silver","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79495025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background; Placenta Previa is an obstetric complication that occurs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. It may cause serious morbidity and mortality to the mother. This study was conducted to ascertain uterine curettage in placenta previa. Objective; To determine association of increasing parity with uterine curettage in patients with placenta previa at a tertiary care hospital. Subjects and Methods; A total 96 patients with placenta previa aged 20 – 45 years having placenta previa were enrolled from Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Nishtar Hospital, Multan in this cross-sectional study. Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. Results; Our study comprised of a total of 96 patients meeting inclusion criteria of our study. Mean gestational age of our study cases was 38.56 ± 1.25 weeks. Mean age of our study cases was 31.20 ± 4.91 years (with minimum age of our study cases was 24 years while maximum age was 42 years). Our study results have indicated that majority of our study cases i.e. 62 (64.6 %) were aged more than 30 years. Of these 96 study cases, 52 (54.2 %) belonged to rural areas and 44 (45.8 %) belonged to urban areas. Of these 96 study cases 58 (60.4%) were having poor socioeconomic status and 38 (39.6%) belonged to middle income families. Of these 96 study cases, 51 (53.1%) were illiterate while 45 (46.9%) were literate. Previous history of cesarean section was positive in 55 (57.3%) of our study cases. Mean body mass index of our study cases was 27.64 ± 2.11 kg/m 2 and obesity was present in 30 (31.3 %) of our study cases. Mean parity of our study cases was 4.18 ± 1.24 and 51 (53.1%) had parity more than 3. Placenta previa type 1 was present in 4 (4.2%), type 2 in 29 (30.2%), type 3 placenta previa in 26 (27.1%) and 37 (38.5%) had type 4 placenta previa. Uterine curettage was noted in 49 (51%) and significant association with increasing parity was noted. Conclusion; Very high frequency of uterine curettage was noted among patients presenting with placenta previa in our study. Uterine curettage was significantly associated with obesity, increasing parity and type of placenta previa. Keywords; Placenta previa, uterine curettage, Frequency. DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/68-05 Publication date: December 30 th 2020
{"title":"ASSOCIATION OF INCREASING PARITY WITH UTERINE CURETTAGE IN PLACENTA PREVIA PATIENTS.","authors":"Andleeb Tabassum, Masaba Andleeb, M. Sadiq","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/68-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/68-05","url":null,"abstract":"Background; Placenta Previa is an obstetric complication that occurs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. It may cause serious morbidity and mortality to the mother. This study was conducted to ascertain uterine curettage in placenta previa. Objective; To determine association of increasing parity with uterine curettage in patients with placenta previa at a tertiary care hospital. Subjects and Methods; A total 96 patients with placenta previa aged 20 – 45 years having placenta previa were enrolled from Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Nishtar Hospital, Multan in this cross-sectional study. Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. Results; Our study comprised of a total of 96 patients meeting inclusion criteria of our study. Mean gestational age of our study cases was 38.56 ± 1.25 weeks. Mean age of our study cases was 31.20 ± 4.91 years (with minimum age of our study cases was 24 years while maximum age was 42 years). Our study results have indicated that majority of our study cases i.e. 62 (64.6 %) were aged more than 30 years. Of these 96 study cases, 52 (54.2 %) belonged to rural areas and 44 (45.8 %) belonged to urban areas. Of these 96 study cases 58 (60.4%) were having poor socioeconomic status and 38 (39.6%) belonged to middle income families. Of these 96 study cases, 51 (53.1%) were illiterate while 45 (46.9%) were literate. Previous history of cesarean section was positive in 55 (57.3%) of our study cases. Mean body mass index of our study cases was 27.64 ± 2.11 kg/m 2 and obesity was present in 30 (31.3 %) of our study cases. Mean parity of our study cases was 4.18 ± 1.24 and 51 (53.1%) had parity more than 3. Placenta previa type 1 was present in 4 (4.2%), type 2 in 29 (30.2%), type 3 placenta previa in 26 (27.1%) and 37 (38.5%) had type 4 placenta previa. Uterine curettage was noted in 49 (51%) and significant association with increasing parity was noted. Conclusion; Very high frequency of uterine curettage was noted among patients presenting with placenta previa in our study. Uterine curettage was significantly associated with obesity, increasing parity and type of placenta previa. Keywords; Placenta previa, uterine curettage, Frequency. DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/68-05 Publication date: December 30 th 2020","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90587005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2379-1764.20.8.275
Tamiru Yazew, Agama Daba
Globally, the low consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV) below the requirement is contributed to increase the incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like obesity, cardio vascular disease, cancers and leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, the objective of this review was to document existing information concerning the health benefits of FV consumption and their potential role for the prevention of NCDs in Ethiopia. Related and published researches have reviewed and discussed critically. In Ethiopia, the total domestic consumption of fresh FV was estimated at 760,000 metric tons however, low FV was consumed (1.5%) compared to other regions of the world. Ethiopia’s per capita consumption of fresh fruits is approximately 7kg/person/year which is far below the recommended minimum level of dietary intake (146kg/person/year). The review also showed that the burden of NCDs in Ethiopia is increasing and estimated to account for 30% of total deaths. Despite the increasing burden of NCDs, health systems and public health policies have been mostly focused on controlling infectious diseases, under nutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. A comprehensive strategic action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs and its associated risk factors was also developed in the country but, there is a need for a better understanding of the burden of dietary risk factors and their contribution to NCDs to achieve the goals of the strategic plan effectively and efficiently. Moreover, this review identified that family income, lower paternal educational, poor nutritional knowledge and practice issues were associated to low FV consumption. However, there are no adequate data at national level in Ethiopia to identify barriers to low FV consumption. Fruit and vegetables intake need to be promoted through mass media, nutrition education intervention and multi-sectorial approaches to prevent noncommunicable diseases.
{"title":"Review on Health Benefits of Fruit and Vegetables Consumption: Preventive Implications for Non-communicable Diseases in Ethiopia","authors":"Tamiru Yazew, Agama Daba","doi":"10.35248/2379-1764.20.8.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2379-1764.20.8.275","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, the low consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV) below the requirement is contributed to increase the incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like obesity, cardio vascular disease, cancers and leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, the objective of this review was to document existing information concerning the health benefits of FV consumption and their potential role for the prevention of NCDs in Ethiopia. Related and published researches have reviewed and discussed critically. In Ethiopia, the total domestic consumption of fresh FV was estimated at 760,000 metric tons however, low FV was consumed (1.5%) compared to other regions of the world. Ethiopia’s per capita consumption of fresh fruits is approximately 7kg/person/year which is far below the recommended minimum level of dietary intake (146kg/person/year). The review also showed that the burden of NCDs in Ethiopia is increasing and estimated to account for 30% of total deaths. Despite the increasing burden of NCDs, health systems and public health policies have been mostly focused on controlling infectious diseases, under nutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. A comprehensive strategic action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs and its associated risk factors was also developed in the country but, there is a need for a better understanding of the burden of dietary risk factors and their contribution to NCDs to achieve the goals of the strategic plan effectively and efficiently. Moreover, this review identified that family income, lower paternal educational, poor nutritional knowledge and practice issues were associated to low FV consumption. However, there are no adequate data at national level in Ethiopia to identify barriers to low FV consumption. Fruit and vegetables intake need to be promoted through mass media, nutrition education intervention and multi-sectorial approaches to prevent noncommunicable diseases.","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72945165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background; Menstrual disorders frequently affect the quality of life of adolescents and young adult women, especially those who suffer dysmenorrhoea and heavy menstruation. Different studies have associated thyroid dysfunction with menstrual problems. This study was conducted to document the frequency of hypothyroidism in women with menstrual problems. Objective; To determine frequency of thyroid dysfunction in women having menstrual problems at a tertiary care hospital. Material and methods ; All the study cases (227) who meet inclusion and exclusion criteria of my study were taken from OPD of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nishtar Hospital Multan. Once registered, 5 ml venous blood sample was taken and sent to the central laboratory of the Nishtar Hospital Multan for serum TSH and T 4 levels by a pathologist having minimum 5 years experience after post-graduation. Hypothyroidism was determined on laboratory report after serum analysis for TSH and T 4. Data was analyzed by using SPSS Version 20. Results; Mean age of our study cases was noted to be 24.08± 4.65 years. Of these 227 study cases, 134 (59 %) were married while 93 (41%) were unmarried. Mean body mass index (BMI) of our study cases was 22.31 ± 2.70 kg/m 2 , 160 (70.5%) were normal weight, 51 (22.5%) were overweight and 16 (7%) were obese. Secondary amenorrhea was noted in 25 (11%), oligomenorrhea in 42 (18.5%), polymenorrhea in 16 (7%), heavy menstrual bleeding in 59 (26%) and irregular menstrual bleeding in 85 (37.5%). Mean serum TSH level of our study cases was 4.85 ± 0.91 mIU/L while mean T 4 level was noted to be 86.90 ± 38.81 nmol/L and hypothyroidism was noted in 176 (77.5%) of our study cases. Overt hypothyroidism was noted in 75 (33 %) and subclinical hypothyroidism in 101 (44.5%) of our study cases. Conclusion; Very high frequency of thyroid dysfunction was noted in women having menstrual problems in our study. Thyroid dysfunction was significantly associated with residential status, obesity, poor socioeconomic status, level of education and type of menstrual problem. Our study results suggest that women presenting with menstrual problems must be screened for thyroid hormones for proper management of these patients. Keywords; Thyroid dysfunction, Menstrual problems, subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism. DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/67-06 Publication date: August 31 st 2020
背景;月经紊乱经常影响青少年和年轻成年妇女的生活质量，特别是那些患有痛经和月经过多的人。不同的研究将甲状腺功能障碍与月经问题联系起来。本研究旨在记录有月经问题的女性甲状腺功能减退的频率。客观的;目的:确定三级保健医院有月经问题的妇女甲状腺功能障碍的频率。材料和方法;所有符合纳入和排除标准的研究病例(227例)均来自木尔坦Nishtar医院妇产科门诊。注册后，由一名毕业后至少有5年工作经验的病理学家采集5毫升静脉血样本，送到木尔坦Nishtar医院的中心实验室检测血清TSH和t4水平。血清TSH和t4分析后，根据实验室报告确定甲状腺功能减退。数据分析采用SPSS Version 20。结果;我们研究病例的平均年龄为24.08±4.65岁。在这227个研究案例中，134人(59%)已婚，93人(41%)未婚。研究病例的平均体重指数(BMI)为22.31±2.70 kg/ m2，其中正常体重160例(70.5%)，超重51例(22.5%)，肥胖16例(7%)。继发性闭经25例(11%)，少经42例(18.5%)，多经16例(7%)，月经大量出血59例(26%)，月经不规则出血85例(37.5%)。本组患者血清TSH平均水平为4.85±0.91 mIU/L, t4平均水平为86.90±38.81 nmol/L，其中176例(77.5%)出现甲状腺功能减退。在我们的研究病例中，75例(33%)有明显的甲状腺功能减退，101例(44.5%)有亚临床甲状腺功能减退。结论;在我们的研究中，有月经问题的妇女甲状腺功能障碍的频率很高。甲状腺功能障碍与居住状况、肥胖、社会经济状况差、教育水平和月经问题类型显著相关。我们的研究结果表明，出现月经问题的女性必须进行甲状腺激素筛查，以便对这些患者进行适当的治疗。关键字;甲状腺功能障碍，月经问题，亚临床甲状腺功能减退，明显的甲状腺功能减退。出版日期:2020年8月31日
{"title":"ASSOCIATION OF THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN WOMEN PRESENTING WITH MENSTRUAL PROBLEMS.","authors":"N. Nazar, M. Masood, Ayman Fiaz","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/67-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/67-06","url":null,"abstract":"Background; Menstrual disorders frequently affect the quality of life of adolescents and young adult women, especially those who suffer dysmenorrhoea and heavy menstruation. Different studies have associated thyroid dysfunction with menstrual problems. This study was conducted to document the frequency of hypothyroidism in women with menstrual problems. Objective; To determine frequency of thyroid dysfunction in women having menstrual problems at a tertiary care hospital. Material and methods ; All the study cases (227) who meet inclusion and exclusion criteria of my study were taken from OPD of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nishtar Hospital Multan. Once registered, 5 ml venous blood sample was taken and sent to the central laboratory of the Nishtar Hospital Multan for serum TSH and T 4 levels by a pathologist having minimum 5 years experience after post-graduation. Hypothyroidism was determined on laboratory report after serum analysis for TSH and T 4. Data was analyzed by using SPSS Version 20. Results; Mean age of our study cases was noted to be 24.08± 4.65 years. Of these 227 study cases, 134 (59 %) were married while 93 (41%) were unmarried. Mean body mass index (BMI) of our study cases was 22.31 ± 2.70 kg/m 2 , 160 (70.5%) were normal weight, 51 (22.5%) were overweight and 16 (7%) were obese. Secondary amenorrhea was noted in 25 (11%), oligomenorrhea in 42 (18.5%), polymenorrhea in 16 (7%), heavy menstrual bleeding in 59 (26%) and irregular menstrual bleeding in 85 (37.5%). Mean serum TSH level of our study cases was 4.85 ± 0.91 mIU/L while mean T 4 level was noted to be 86.90 ± 38.81 nmol/L and hypothyroidism was noted in 176 (77.5%) of our study cases. Overt hypothyroidism was noted in 75 (33 %) and subclinical hypothyroidism in 101 (44.5%) of our study cases. Conclusion; Very high frequency of thyroid dysfunction was noted in women having menstrual problems in our study. Thyroid dysfunction was significantly associated with residential status, obesity, poor socioeconomic status, level of education and type of menstrual problem. Our study results suggest that women presenting with menstrual problems must be screened for thyroid hormones for proper management of these patients. Keywords; Thyroid dysfunction, Menstrual problems, subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism. DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/67-06 Publication date: August 31 st 2020","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77535873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The occurrence of Salmonella was a global challenge in the public health and food production sectors. Salmonella infections were one of the major global public health problems. The present study investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity of strains of Salmonella species isolated from human blood samples of the patients in and around regions of Robe Hospital during the period of March to June 2016. This study revealed the fact that the prevalence of Salmonella was more common on males (14.68%) than the females (10.42%). The total prevalence of Salmonella species in Robe Hospital sample were (25.1%). The age group more commonly prone to this disease ranged from 1-30 followed by 50-60. The Salmonella Species were isolated by using different Selective media such as, Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD), Brilliant Green Agar (BGA), Macconkey agar and Salmonella Shigella agar (SS). The plates which showed black colonies were characterized using the biochemical analysis and identified as Salmonella species. Different Commercial antibiotics: Chloramphenicol (C), Rifampin(R), Tetracycline (T), Kanamycin (K), Ciprofloxacin (Cip), Ceftriaxone (CRO), Gentamycin (CN), Doxycline(D) and Streptomycin(S)were used to identified the sensitivity of pattern of Salmonella species. The isolated Salmonella species showed more sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin 100%, Ceftriaxone,91%, Gentamicin 58% antibiotics. Other antibiotics Doxycyline, Kanamycin, Chloramphenicol, Rifampin, Streptomycin and Tetracycline showed intermediate to complete resistance against tested Salmonella species. The study provides valuable information to agencies and legislators involved in making policy decisions about the use of antimicrobials. Keywords: Antibiotics, Antibiotic sensitivity test, Biochemical test, Prevalence, Salmonella species. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/63-05 Publication date: January 31 st 2020
{"title":"Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Salmonella Species Isolated from Human Blood Samples in Robe Hospital, Bale Zone,South East Ethiopia","authors":"Jefar Abera","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/63-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/63-05","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of Salmonella was a global challenge in the public health and food production sectors. Salmonella infections were one of the major global public health problems. The present study investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity of strains of Salmonella species isolated from human blood samples of the patients in and around regions of Robe Hospital during the period of March to June 2016. This study revealed the fact that the prevalence of Salmonella was more common on males (14.68%) than the females (10.42%). The total prevalence of Salmonella species in Robe Hospital sample were (25.1%). The age group more commonly prone to this disease ranged from 1-30 followed by 50-60. The Salmonella Species were isolated by using different Selective media such as, Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD), Brilliant Green Agar (BGA), Macconkey agar and Salmonella Shigella agar (SS). The plates which showed black colonies were characterized using the biochemical analysis and identified as Salmonella species. Different Commercial antibiotics: Chloramphenicol (C), Rifampin(R), Tetracycline (T), Kanamycin (K), Ciprofloxacin (Cip), Ceftriaxone (CRO), Gentamycin (CN), Doxycline(D) and Streptomycin(S)were used to identified the sensitivity of pattern of Salmonella species. The isolated Salmonella species showed more sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin 100%, Ceftriaxone,91%, Gentamicin 58% antibiotics. Other antibiotics Doxycyline, Kanamycin, Chloramphenicol, Rifampin, Streptomycin and Tetracycline showed intermediate to complete resistance against tested Salmonella species. The study provides valuable information to agencies and legislators involved in making policy decisions about the use of antimicrobials. Keywords: Antibiotics, Antibiotic sensitivity test, Biochemical test, Prevalence, Salmonella species. DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/63-05 Publication date: January 31 st 2020","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82835143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Doganay, Serap Yıldırım, A. Şahin, E. Laloğlu, O. Saral, A. Yıldırım
This research is supported by Ataturk University Scientific Research Commission. Abstract This study, it was aimed to determine the antioxidant effect of bilberry extract in decreasing the oxidative stress caused by acute exhaustive exercises in rats' blood and liver tissues. 27 Spraque-Dawley type male rats were divided into four groups (control, exercise, bilberry and bilberry+exercise groups). Bilberry extract was administered using gavage once daily. Before blood and liver tissues were taken, the rats ran in a treadmill at a speed of 25 m/min (1.5 km / h) at a slope of 0 for about 1 hour or until exhaustion. Compared to the control group, serum GSH levels and GPx activities did not have a significant change in the bilberry, acute exercise and bilberry + acute exercise groups; while serum MDA levels decreased significantly. When compared to the control group, liver GPx activity significantly increased in the bilberry and bilberry+acute exercise groups. Again, it was determined that liver GSH level significantly increased in bilberry+acute exercise group.The results of this study demonstrate that bilberry extract may provide antioxidant protection against a potential oxidative damage as it causes an increase in hepatic GPx activity and GSH levels in rats exposed to acute exhaustive exercise. Keywords: Antioxidants, acute exhaustive exercise, bilberry, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehy DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/65-04 Publication date: April 30 th 2020
这项研究得到了阿塔图尔克大学科学研究委员会的支持。摘要本研究旨在探讨越桔提取物对大鼠急性穷竭运动引起的血液和肝脏组织氧化应激的抗氧化作用。将27只Spraque-Dawley型雄性大鼠分为对照组、运动组、越橘组和越橘+运动组。越橘提取物每日灌胃1次。取血、取肝组织前，大鼠以25 m/min (1.5 km / h)的速度、坡度为0的跑步机跑步约1小时或至精疲力竭。与对照组相比，越桔、急性运动组和越桔+急性运动组血清GSH水平和GPx活性无显著变化;血清丙二醛水平明显降低。与对照组相比，越橘和越橘+急性运动组肝脏GPx活性显著升高。再次确定越橘+急性运动组肝脏GSH水平显著升高。本研究结果表明，越橘提取物可能提供抗氧化保护，防止潜在的氧化损伤，因为它会导致暴露于急性穷尽运动的大鼠肝脏GPx活性和GSH水平增加。关键词:抗氧化剂，急性穷竭运动，越橘，谷胱甘肽，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶，丙二醛DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/65-04出版日期:2020年4月30日
{"title":"Antioxidant Effect of Bilberry on Oxidative Stress Caused by Acute Exercise in Rats","authors":"S. Doganay, Serap Yıldırım, A. Şahin, E. Laloğlu, O. Saral, A. Yıldırım","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/65-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/65-04","url":null,"abstract":"This research is supported by Ataturk University Scientific Research Commission. Abstract This study, it was aimed to determine the antioxidant effect of bilberry extract in decreasing the oxidative stress caused by acute exhaustive exercises in rats' blood and liver tissues. 27 Spraque-Dawley type male rats were divided into four groups (control, exercise, bilberry and bilberry+exercise groups). Bilberry extract was administered using gavage once daily. Before blood and liver tissues were taken, the rats ran in a treadmill at a speed of 25 m/min (1.5 km / h) at a slope of 0 for about 1 hour or until exhaustion. Compared to the control group, serum GSH levels and GPx activities did not have a significant change in the bilberry, acute exercise and bilberry + acute exercise groups; while serum MDA levels decreased significantly. When compared to the control group, liver GPx activity significantly increased in the bilberry and bilberry+acute exercise groups. Again, it was determined that liver GSH level significantly increased in bilberry+acute exercise group.The results of this study demonstrate that bilberry extract may provide antioxidant protection against a potential oxidative damage as it causes an increase in hepatic GPx activity and GSH levels in rats exposed to acute exhaustive exercise. Keywords: Antioxidants, acute exhaustive exercise, bilberry, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehy DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/65-04 Publication date: April 30 th 2020","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78394016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Dengue fever is caused by dengue virus (DENV), a member of the genus Flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae. The virus is transmitted by the infected female of the primary vector Aedes Aegyptus mosquitoes. Dengue fever is the world’s most important re-emerging arboviral disease with over 50% of the world’s population at risk of the disease. Since 2013, Ethiopia has reported more than 12,000 Dengue Fever cases. The purpose of this study is to determine risk factors of Dengue Fever outbreak and implement possible interventions in Dire Dawa City Administration Methods: we conducted 1:2 unmatched case control study from November 1 to 15, 2017. Cases were febrile patients with two or more of the following manifestations: headache, retro orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, hemorrhagic manifestations and leucopenia. Cases were purposively collected from health facilities and controls were people without suspected Dengue Fever symptoms. Multiple logistic regression was used to control confounders and to identify risk factors for Dengue Fever. Results: We included 180 participants (60 cases and 120 controls), among Dengue Fever cases 46 (76.6%) were males and 14(23.4%) were females. The entomological finding was (HI=21%, CI=20% and BI=20%) in the study area. Presences of tree holes (adjusted OR = 8.77: 95% CI: 2.07 – 37.07), Uncovered window (adjusted OR = 0.09: 95% CI: 0.01 – 0.58), not use replant (adjusted OR = 15.21: 95% CI: 3.59 – 54.9), Not wear long sleeved clothes (adjusted OR = 19.48: 95% CI: 5.70 -66.6), Not sprayed in the last6mths (adjusted OR = 6.86: 95% CI: 1.47 -32.02), presence of water container(adjusted OR = 15.2: 95% CI: 3.33 -68.8) were independent risk factors for dengue fever disease. From ten serum samples, six were IGM positive for DENVII. Conclusion: The outbreak is confirmed dengue fever outbreak and patients not using repellants, house without sprayed in the last six months, residents wear short sleeved cloths, open water containers and tree holes are significantly associated with enhancing the exposure to dengue fever disease infection. Keywords: [Dengue fever, Diredewa, outbreak, Aedes Eagypti] DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/63-04 Publication date: January 31 st 2020
{"title":"Dengue Fever Outbreak Investigation and Response in Dire Dawa City Administration, Ethiopia, 2017","authors":"Mengistu Biru","doi":"10.7176/jmpb/63-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jmpb/63-04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dengue fever is caused by dengue virus (DENV), a member of the genus Flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae. The virus is transmitted by the infected female of the primary vector Aedes Aegyptus mosquitoes. Dengue fever is the world’s most important re-emerging arboviral disease with over 50% of the world’s population at risk of the disease. Since 2013, Ethiopia has reported more than 12,000 Dengue Fever cases. The purpose of this study is to determine risk factors of Dengue Fever outbreak and implement possible interventions in Dire Dawa City Administration Methods: we conducted 1:2 unmatched case control study from November 1 to 15, 2017. Cases were febrile patients with two or more of the following manifestations: headache, retro orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, hemorrhagic manifestations and leucopenia. Cases were purposively collected from health facilities and controls were people without suspected Dengue Fever symptoms. Multiple logistic regression was used to control confounders and to identify risk factors for Dengue Fever. Results: We included 180 participants (60 cases and 120 controls), among Dengue Fever cases 46 (76.6%) were males and 14(23.4%) were females. The entomological finding was (HI=21%, CI=20% and BI=20%) in the study area. Presences of tree holes (adjusted OR = 8.77: 95% CI: 2.07 – 37.07), Uncovered window (adjusted OR = 0.09: 95% CI: 0.01 – 0.58), not use replant (adjusted OR = 15.21: 95% CI: 3.59 – 54.9), Not wear long sleeved clothes (adjusted OR = 19.48: 95% CI: 5.70 -66.6), Not sprayed in the last6mths (adjusted OR = 6.86: 95% CI: 1.47 -32.02), presence of water container(adjusted OR = 15.2: 95% CI: 3.33 -68.8) were independent risk factors for dengue fever disease. From ten serum samples, six were IGM positive for DENVII. Conclusion: The outbreak is confirmed dengue fever outbreak and patients not using repellants, house without sprayed in the last six months, residents wear short sleeved cloths, open water containers and tree holes are significantly associated with enhancing the exposure to dengue fever disease infection. Keywords: [Dengue fever, Diredewa, outbreak, Aedes Eagypti] DOI : 10.7176/JMPB/63-04 Publication date: January 31 st 2020","PeriodicalId":16339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76622184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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