Journal of Modern Italian Studies最新文献_第3页

International historiography of modern Italy since 1945. Developments and trends 1945 年以来现代意大利的国际史学。发展与趋势

IF 0.4 3区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of Modern Italian Studies

Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2285112

Thomas Kroll

The Italian historiography has changed considerably since 1945. This can be attributed to processes of societal and political transformation, and also to the internationalization of historical scie...

自 1945 年以来，意大利历史学发生了巨大变化。这可以归因于社会和政治变革的进程，也可以归因于历史科学的国际化。

引用次数: 0

Percy A. Allum (1933–2022) 珀西-阿勒姆（1933-2022）

IF 0.4 3区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of Modern Italian Studies

Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2285113

Luciano Brancaccio

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Displacing perspectives on Renaissance: Cultural translation and the politics of Italian literature at the onset of the Cold War 文艺复兴时期的流变视角：文化翻译与冷战初期的意大利文学政治

IF 0.4 3区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of Modern Italian Studies

Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2285114

Giulia Pellizzato

While the popularity achieved by several Italian cultural objects in the United States during the aftermath of World War Two has been largely acknowledged, the meanings these artefacts took on in t...

第二次世界大战后，一些意大利文物在美国大受欢迎，这在很大程度上得到了认可，但这些文物在美国所具有的意义却不尽相同。

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Italy’s sea: Empire and nation in the Mediterranean: 1895–1945 意大利的海洋：地中海的帝国与民族：1895-1945 年

IF 0.4 3区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of Modern Italian Studies

Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2284582

Claudio Fogu

Published in Journal of Modern Italian Studies (Ahead of Print, 2023)

发表于《现代意大利研究杂志》（2023 年提前出版）

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The American reception of Italian poetry after WWII 二战后美国对意大利诗歌的接受

3区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of Modern Italian Studies

Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2269347

Giorgio Alberti

ABSTRACTContemporary Italian poetry began to spread in the U.S. after World War II, appearing in literary magazines and anthologies along with neorealist films and novels. The reception of this genre requires an analysis of the mechanisms and factors that make books and authors relevant in different markets. An author’s success and the visibility of books are not measured only by sales, especially for poetry in translation. Publishers consider the prestige such works can bring to their catalog, even though they often involve a long-term investment and possible economic loss. Italian poetry has been crucial for many professional translators-in-training, representing their first encounter with Italian literature. Poetry translation is a complex challenge that requires negotiation between the translator’s creative freedom and attention to form and meaning. William Weaver is an example of a translator who sought an original voice through his approach to Italian literature. Robert Lowell explored the potential of “Imitations” in his work. The reception of Italian poetry in the U.S. has been influenced by important intermediaries such as Renato Poggioli, professor of Comparative Literature at Harvard, and Marguerite Caetani with the magazine “Botteghe Oscure.” Italian poets who debuted on the American scene and translators who made their works accessible to the public were identified. Modes of publication and indicators of legitimacy were considered, such as educational publications and integration into U.S. academic courses, but also critical reflections on Italian poetry that have been published in the American press and introductions and apparatuses found in translated works. Poetry is considered a legitimizing genre in the national and international literary scene, and some Italian poets have been consistently translated by English and American writers. Montale is a particular case study, as his works have been repeatedly retranslated by various poets and intellectuals, representing a laboratory of constant renegotiation of poetic form and meaning.RIASSUNTOLa poesia italiana contemporanea ha iniziato a diffondersi negli Stati Uniti nel secondo dopoguerra, apparendo in riviste letterarie e antologie insieme a film e romanzi neorealisti. La ricezione di questo genere richiede un’analisi dei meccanismi e dei fattori che rendono i libri e gli autori rilevanti nei diversi mercati. Il successo di un autore e la visibilità dei libri non si misurano solo in base alle vendite, soprattutto per la poesia in traduzione. Gli editori considerano il prestigio che queste opere possono portare al loro catalogo, anche se spesso comportano un investimento a lungo termine e una possibile perdita economica. La poesia italiana è stata fondamentale per molti traduttori professionisti in formazione, rappresentando il loro primo incontro con la letteratura italiana. La traduzione di poesia è una sfida particolarmente complessa che richiede una negoziazione tra la libertà c

社会学家皮埃尔·布迪厄(Pierre Bourdieu)在他关于法国和跨国文学领域的著作中解释了文化转移是如何被不同机构和个人的对抗力量所导向的，这些力量为获得象征性的认可和至高无上的地位而斗争。这些力量决定了该领域每位作者的一系列可能性，并影响了文学生产的各个方面，从主题到体裁，再到获得公众认可的条件。(参考:Bourdieu Citation1977, dacimere Citation2002, Citation1971, Citation1992。论文学体裁理论——萨皮罗，Citation2014;Albenga, Citation2011, Casanova, Citation1999, Citation2002, Citation2016;伊文Citation1990)。2。希利参考书目列出了1929年至1997年间出版的二十世纪意大利文学的英语翻译;它延续了南希·希尔兹在1931年所做的工作，列出了1929年之前的几乎所有译本(希尔兹引文1931)。世界猫对希利这本书的描述报告了大约1400部作品的2500个版本，这些作品包括小说、诗歌、戏剧、剧本、剧本、期刊和日记、信件，以及一些个人叙述、情书和相关作品。《Inventario》是Luigi Berti于1946年至1964年创办的季刊，刊登了许多国际作家，尤其是盎格鲁-撒克逊作家的作品。与弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫、赫尔曼·梅尔维尔、亨利·米勒、鲍里斯·帕斯捷尔纳克和巴勃罗·聂鲁达一起，贝蒂出版了许多意大利作家的作品:昂加雷蒂、蒙塔莱、卢齐、卡尔维诺、普里斯科、雷亚、德尔·布诺、卢蒂、索尔米、萨维亚诺。他还广泛翻译美国作家的作品，其中包括赫尔曼·梅尔维尔、T.S.艾略特和罗伯特·佩恩·沃伦，以及英国作家迪伦·托马斯和w·m·萨克雷。除了一些重要的例外:乔治·巴塔耶，“La Lettre ren<s:1> Char sur les incompatibilitsams de l’samrivain”，发表在第6期(1950年)，将评论与萨特和其他的samatrature samgagsame(以及萨特的期刊les Temps Modernes)分开。巴塔耶的这篇文章也使该杂志远离了“文学是艺术的艺术”的观念:文学具有优越的力量和复杂性(参见:Risset Citation2007)。Harry Thomas在他的著作《Montale in English》(Montale and Thomas Citation2002)的引言中，追溯了Montale作品在英语中的接受亮点。他还汇集了大约100首蒙塔莱的诗歌译本，并描述了这位诗人在英语中的影响力。这本书收集了56位翻译家的作品，但本可以包括更多的翻译家。本研究得到了达特茅斯学院的支持。作者简介giorgio Alberti是达特茅斯学院法语和意大利语系意大利语高级讲师。2015年，他担任哈佛大学劳罗·德·波西斯研究员。他的主要研究重点在于考察二战后意大利文学在美国的接受和合法化背后的机制。他特别深入研究了主要译者、出版商、文学评论家、学者和舆论制造者在塑造这种接受过程中所扮演的角色。

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引用次数: 0

The Italian left at a critical juncture: disanchoring the past, embracing the present 意大利左翼正处在一个关键时刻:抛弃过去，拥抱现在

3区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of Modern Italian Studies

Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2263700

Rosa Mulè, Gianfranco Pasquino, Sofia Ventura

ABSTRACTOn September 25, 2022, the Italian left faced a significant electoral setback as the centre-right coalition, led by Giorgia Meloni, secured a remarkable electoral win. Historically, the left had been represented by major parties like the Italian Communist Party (P.C.I.) and the Italian Socialist Party (P.S.I.). Their demise in the 1990s, for various reasons, gave rise to new left-leaning ‘umbrella’ entities such as the Ulivo and the Democratic Party (P.D.). Despite some electoral successes by these newer groups, left-wing parties and coalitions have failed to dominate the Italian political scene in recent years. A decline in the definitive meaning of ‘left’ in Italian politics has led to a more fragmented left-wing. As traditional leftist ideologies have waned, some of the emerging left-leaning parties have faced criticism for prioritizing civil rights over socioeconomic issues. Articles in this special issue delve into different facets of the Italian left. Pasquino highlights the stagnation in the left’s political culture since the cold war’s conclusion, while Newell critiques the weakness of the P.D.’s party organization and ideology. Ventura analyses both the P.D.’s organizational challenges and its leadership decisions, whereas Musella emphasizes the P.D.’s shortcomings in updating communication strategies. Pasini, Fasano, and Cerruti dive into the evolving preferences of left-wing voters, while del Palacio touches upon the radical left’s challenges. Mulè and Toso offer insights into the left’s efforts in poverty alleviation. In summary, this special issue underlines the pressing need for the Italian left to refresh its ideologies and strategies to stay relevant and present a competitive alternative to conservative agendas in Italy’s shifting political scene.RIASSUNTOIl 25 settembre 2022, la sinistra italiana ha subito una netta sconfitta elettorale a fronte della chiara vittoria della coalizione di centro-destra, guidata da Giorgia Meloni. Storicamente, essa è stata rappresentata da grandi partiti come il Partito Comunista Italiano (P.C.I.) e il Partito Socialista Italiano (P.S.I.). Il loro declino negli anni ‘90, per svariate ragioni, ha dato origine a nuove formazioni politiche ‘ombrello’ come l’Ulivo e il Partito Democratico (P.D.). Nonostante alcuni successi elettorali, negli ultimi anni i partiti e le coalizioni di sinistra hanno avuto difficoltà a essere protagonisti della scena politica. La stessa difficoltà a riconoscersi in un significato condiviso di ‘sinistra’ ha favorito una forte frammentazione. Inoltre, man mano che le ideologie tradizionali sono entrate in crisi, I nuovi partiti della sinistra sono stati fortemente criticati per aver dato la priorità ai diritti civili rispetto alle questioni socioeconomiche.I diversi contributi di questo numero speciale esplorano le tante sfaccettature della sinistra italiana. Pasquino evidenzia l’immobilismo della sua cultura politica dalla conclusione della Guerra Fredda in poi, ment

摘要:2022年9月25日，意大利左翼在选举中遭遇重大挫折，由乔治娅·梅洛尼领导的中右翼联盟在选举中取得了令人瞩目的胜利。历史上，左翼一直由意大利共产党(pci)和意大利社会党(psi)等主要政党代表。由于各种原因，他们在20世纪90年代的消亡催生了新的左倾“保护伞”实体，如乌利沃和民主党(pd)。尽管这些新兴团体在选举中取得了一些成功，但左翼政党和联盟近年来未能主导意大利的政治舞台。在意大利政治中，“左派”的明确含义下降，导致左翼更加分裂。随着传统左派意识形态的衰落，一些新兴的左倾政党面临着将公民权利置于社会经济问题之上的批评。本期特刊的文章深入探讨了意大利左翼的不同方面。帕斯基诺强调了自冷战结束以来左翼政治文化的停滞，而纽厄尔则批评了民主党政党组织和意识形态的弱点。文图拉分析了警局的组织挑战和领导决策，而穆塞拉则强调了警局在更新沟通策略方面的不足。帕西尼、法萨诺和切鲁蒂深入研究了左翼选民不断演变的偏好，而德尔帕拉西奥则触及了激进左翼面临的挑战。Mulè和Toso提供了左派在扶贫方面的努力。总之，这个特别问题强调了意大利左翼迫切需要更新其意识形态和战略，以保持相关性，并在意大利不断变化的政治舞台上提出一个有竞争力的替代保守派议程。riassuntro2022年9月25日，la sinistra italiana, subsubto una netta confitta elettorale a front front della chiara victoria della coalizione di centro-destra, guidata da Giorgia Meloni。Storicamente, essa è stata presentata da grandi partiti come to communist italia (P.C.I.)和Partito socialist italia (P.S.I.)。从1990年开始，根据不同的地区，将会出现一种新的政治形式“伞形”，即“民主党派”(pd)。在政治舞台上，“政治舞台上的主角”是“政治舞台上的主角”。在一个重要的条件下，“困难的压力”和“困难的压力”都有利于“困难的压力”和“困难的压力”。因此，许多传统的意识形态在危机中无法集中，我的新党派(partiti della sinistra sono statente)对经济危机进行了批判，对社会经济问题进行了优先考虑，对社会经济问题进行了访问。由于多样性的贡献，许多特殊的环境都受到了意大利文化的影响。Pasquino(帕斯基诺)证明了他的“不动主义”和“文化政治”的结论，以及他对“民主党派”的“组织活动”和“意识形态”的批判。Sempre del p.d.， Ventura分析分析了组织决策与领导力的关系，Musella sottolinea分析分析了战略沟通与组织决策的关系。Pasini, Fasano, Cerruti, inagagano, i 'evoluzione, delgli, elettttori della sininistra, mentre del Palacio, afftre de la sininistra radicale。Mulè e Toso offrono spunti sulle politiche della sininistra per la poverty。在中国，对许多特殊问题，迫切需要根据意大利政府的要求，在意识形态和战略上进行创新，以提供具有竞争性和保守性的替代方案。关键词:意大利左翼;意大利民主党;意大利政治制度;CHIAVE:意大利民主主义政党;在这期特刊之前，博洛尼亚大学政治和社会科学系于2022年11月29日举行了题为“意大利左派的剩余”的会议。我们对该部的支持使这次会议成为可能表示感谢。罗莎·穆尔<e:1> (rosa mul<e:1>) Mulè是博洛尼亚大学政治学教授。她的研究兴趣包括比较福利国家、政治经济学、比较方法、性别政治和经济不平等。她就收入再分配、福利国家、社会减震器、性别不平等和政治经济学等主题发表了多篇文章和书籍。她最近的出版物包括《劳动力市场政策的政治经济学性别化》，劳特利奇出版社，2023年(与罗伯托·里扎合著)。吉安弗兰科·帕斯基诺，博洛尼亚大学政治学名誉教授，约翰·霍普金斯大学博洛尼亚中心高级兼职教授。Lincei学院院士，他最近的著作是《意大利民主》。《它是如何工作的》(Routledge 2020)，《自由》。意大利共和意识形态分析(UTET 2021)，意大利政治科学。《我的自传》(2022)和《我的智慧》(2023)。他与人合编了《牛津意大利政治手册》(牛津大学出版社2015年)和《政治论》(UTET-De Agostini 2016年，第4版，修订版)，并与里卡多·佩利佐(Riccardo Pelizzo)合著了《责任文化》。民主美德(Routledge 2022)。索菲亚·文图拉，博洛尼亚大学政治学副教授，罗马国际社会政治学院兼职教授。她是意大利科学杂志《政治的未来》(Rivista di Politica)的编辑委员会成员。她的研究兴趣包括意大利和法国政治、政治传播和领导力。最近的出版物有:《意大利政府从朱塞佩·孔蒂到马里奥·德拉吉的流行病传播》，载于《制造业政府传播关于Covid-19》(施普林格，2022年);《领导者的故事》(Il Mulino, 2019);“从合并到个人主义的意大利民主党”，《南欧社会与政治》，2018年1月;“双重的<s:1> <s:2> <s:2> <s:2> <s:2> <s:2>的<s:1> <s:2> <s:2> <s:2>的<s:1> <s:1>的<s:1>的<s:1>的和/或的”，《法兰西·伊曼纽尔·马克龙》(PUR, 2018)和《伊曼纽尔·马克龙:反政治领袖，局外人和戴高乐?》(2017)。La pracimsidentielle chamboule-tout (L 'Harmattan, 2018)。她曾为法国和德国两家著名政治基金会(Fondapol - foundation pour l'innovation politique)和弗里德里希·艾伯特基金会(Friedrich Ebert Stiftung)撰写有关意大利政治的报告。

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引用次数: 0

The long and winding road. The ideological evolution of the Italian radical left in the Second Republic: the case of Partito della Rifondazione Comunista 漫长而曲折的道路。第二共和国时期意大利激进左翼的意识形态演变:以意大利共产党为例

3区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of Modern Italian Studies

Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2263699

Jorge del Palacio

ABSTRACTThis article analyses the ideological evolution of the Partito della Rifondazione Comunista (P.R.C.), the main representative of the radical left in Italy in the so-called Second Republic. The focus on the ideological nature of P.R.C. is justified because as a ‘purifying party’ the debates on the ideological nature of the party have played a crucial role in the process of defining party identity. In this sense, this article differentiates three main phases in the ideological evolution of the party. Finally, this analysis reinforces the notion that the ideological changes that the P.R.C. has undergone, in its constant redefinition of a neo-communist identity, are determined by its position vis-à-vis the political, historical, and cultural heritage of the Italian communist tradition embodied in the P.C.I.RIASSUNTOQuesto articolo analizza l’evoluzione ideologica del Partito della Rifondazione Comunista (P.R.C.), il principale rappresentante della sinistra radicale in Italia nella cosiddetta Seconda Repubblica. L’attenzione alla natura ideologica del P.R.C. è giustificata dal fatto che in quanto “partito purificatore” i dibattiti sulla natura ideologica del partito hanno svolto un ruolo cruciale nel processo di definizione dell’identità del partito. In questo senso, questo articolo evidenzia tre diverse fasi nell’evoluzione ideologica del partito. Infine, questa analisi rafforza il principio secondo cui i cambiamenti ideologici che il P.R.C. ha subito, nella sua costante ridefinizione di un’identità neocomunista, sono determinati in grande misura dalla sua posizione rispetto all’eredità politica, storica e culturale della tradizione comunista italiana incarnata dal P.C.I.KEYWORDS: communismpost-communismneo-communismanti-capitalismglobalizationneoliberalismPAROLE CHIAVE: Comunismopost-comunismoneo-comunismoanti-capitalismoglobalizzazioneneoliberalismo Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Notes1. Although the Italian Constitution of 1948 is still in force, Italy’s republican history is divided into two periods: the First and the Second Republic. The term Second Republic refers, therefore, not to a change of regime, but to the radical mutation of the party system that took place in the period 1992–1994 and inaugurated a new phase of bipolar competition. For some analysts and observers, this phase of Italy’s republican history is considered to have ended with the inauguration of the three-party competition system in the 2013 elections.2. Bertinotti’s aim to turn P.R.C. into a party-movement or ‘movement of movements’, in dialogue and collaboration with other forms of opposition to the capitalist system originating in civil society, also led to important changes in the organizational nature of the party. These included the personalization of the party, stimulated by Bertinotti’s charisma and leadership style; a less rigid and more flexible party organization as a strategy to facilitate the capacity for

摘要本文分析了第二共和国时期意大利激进左翼的主要代表——意大利共产主义重建党(prc)的思想演变。对中国意识形态本质的关注是合理的，因为作为一个“净化党”，关于党的意识形态本质的争论在确定党的身份的过程中发挥了至关重要的作用。在这个意义上，本文将党的思想演变划分为三个主要阶段。最后，这一分析强化了这样一种观点，即中华人民共和国在不断重新定义新共产主义身份的过程中所经历的意识形态变化，是由其对-à-vis意大利共产主义传统的政治、历史和文化遗产的立场决定的，这些遗产体现在中华人民共和国中。在意大利，我将主要代表我的激进主义思想和第二共和国。L 'attenzione真主安拉自然ideologica del中华人民共和国e giustificata dal脂肪切在quanto”partito purificatore”我dibattiti苏拉自然ideologica del partito汉诺svolto联合国ruolo cruciale nel processo di definizione戴尔'identita del partito。在问题意义上，问题的证据是不同的形式的进化的意识形态del partito。总之，问题分析是对中国新共产主义的第二原则的分析，问题分析是对新共产主义的定义，问题分析是对新共产主义的定义，问题分析是对新共产主义的定义，问题分析是对新共产主义的定义，问题分析是对新共产主义的定义，问题分析是对新共产主义的定义，问题分析是对新共产主义的定义，问题分析是对新共产主义的定义，问题分析是对新共产主义的定义，问题分析是对新共产主义的定义。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。尽管1948年的意大利宪法仍然有效，但意大利的共和历史分为两个时期:第一共和国和第二共和国。因此，第二共和国一词不是指政权的改变，而是指1992-1994年期间发生的政党制度的根本突变，并开启了两极竞争的新阶段。对于一些分析人士和观察人士来说，意大利共和历史的这一阶段被认为随着2013年选举中三党竞争制度的启动而结束。Bertinotti的目标是将中华人民共和国转变为一种政党运动或“运动的运动”，与起源于公民社会的其他形式的反对资本主义制度的对话和合作，这也导致了党的组织性质的重要变化。这些因素包括:由伯蒂诺蒂的个人魅力和领导风格所激发的政党的个性化;一个不那么僵硬和更灵活的政党组织，作为促进与其他社会运动的行动能力的策略。因此，在Bertinotti的领导下，中华人民共和国出现了“双重战斗性”现象，并出现了一种新的、更不稳定的党员类型(Bertolino citation, 2004;Mule Citation2009)。3。党内的少数人反对清算Bertinotti推动的意大利共产主义的意识形态认同和组织传统，在Claudio Grassi的领导下，围绕《Ernesto》杂志组织起来(Bordandini and di Virgilio Citation2007)。中华人民共和国与美国在外交政策上的不同，不仅在于其对北约(nato)和美国在后冷战世界中的霸权的激进反对。尽管德国社民党及其继承者延续了贝林格勒的共产党的亲欧政策及其“欧洲共产主义”计划，但中国在其历史上一直是意大利左翼中欧洲怀疑主义立场的最伟大代表(Mule Citation2009, 65)。作者简介:jorge del Palacio jorge del Palacio是马德里雷胡安卡洛斯大学公共法律和政治科学系的政治思想史教授。他的学术兴趣集中在当代政治意识形态和意大利政治。他是《Geografía del populismo》(Tecnos, 2017)一书的共同编辑，也是特刊《Italia 2008-2018:¿fin de la seunda República?》的编辑。，于2020年发表在revsta de Estudios Políticos上。本文受益于2023年春季在欧洲大学学院历史与文明系的研究。

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引用次数: 0

An ugly word. Rethinking race in Italy and the United States An ugly word. Rethinking race in Italy and the United States , by Ann Morning and Marcello Maneri, New York, Russell Sage Foundation, 2022, 268 pp., (soft cover), ISBN: 9780871546784 一个丑陋的词。重新思考意大利和美国的种族问题一个丑陋的词。《重新思考意大利和美国的种族》，安·莫宁和马塞洛·马内里著，纽约，罗素塞奇基金会，2022年，268页，(软装)，ISBN: 9780871546784

3区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of Modern Italian Studies

Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2267861

Silvana Patriarca

引用次数: 0

Against redemption: democracy, memory, and literature in post-fascist Italy Against redemption: democracy, memory, and literature in post-fascist Italy , by Franco Baldasso, New York, Fordham University Press, 2002, 320 pp., $35.00 (soft cover), ISBN: 9781531502386/9781531502393 《反对救赎:后法西斯意大利的民主、记忆与文学》，弗朗哥·巴尔达索著，纽约，福特汉姆大学出版社，2002年，320页，35美元(软装)，ISBN: 9781531502386/9781531502393

3区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of Modern Italian Studies

Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2268479

Rosario Forlenza

引用次数: 0

How a left-wing political party fails to keep up with the times 一个左翼政党是如何跟不上时代的

3区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

Journal of Modern Italian Studies

Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2255060

Fortunato Musella

ABSTRACTHow can a political party, especially a progressive one, fail to understand and embrace the major changes of its time? The article examines the experience of the Italian Partito Democratico (Democratic Party [P.D.]). Since its foundation in 2007, the party has failed to achieve satisfactory results with regard to its explicit objective of creating a ‘new national party’. Although the party has often joined coalition governments, there has been a marked decline in its electoral support and in the active participation of citizens in its activities. The main thesis of the article is that the current crisis of the P.D. is due to a lack of understanding – almost a rejection – of the two main political changes that have occurred in recent decades: the personalization of politics and the digitalization of society. The party’s refusal to embrace possible political innovations in these areas has been very clear. There is an important paradox here: the fact that a political force which, given its position on the political spectrum, should be looking to the future, instead views the present with great suspicion. This is a position that has become typical of many European left-wing parties, which are well rooted in long-standing political traditions, but are finding it increasingly difficult to understand how societies are changing.RIASSUNTOCome può un partito politico, soprattutto se progressista, non riuscire a comprendere e ad abbracciare i grandi cambiamenti del suo tempo? L’articolo esamina l’esperienza del Partito Democratico (P.D.) italiano. Dalla sua fondazione nel 2007, il partito non è riuscito a raggiungere risultati soddisfacenti rispetto al suo obiettivo esplicito di creare un “nuovo partito nazionale”. Sebbene il partito sia spesso entrato a far parte di governi di coalizione, si è registrato un netto calo del suo sostegno elettorale e della partecipazione attiva dei cittadini alle sue attività. La tesi principale dell’articolo è che l’attuale crisi del P.D. sia dovuta a una mancata comprensione - quasi un rifiuto - dei due principali cambiamenti politici avvenuti negli ultimi decenni: la personalizzazione della politica e la digitalizzazione della società. Il rifiuto del partito di abbracciare le possibili innovazioni politiche in questi ambiti è stato molto chiaro. Si tratta di un paradosso molto significativo: una forza politica che, data la sua posizione nello spettro politico, dovrebbe guardare al futuro, guarda al presente con grande sospetto. È una posizione che è diventata tipica di molti partiti di sinistra europei, ben radicati in tradizioni politiche di lunga data, ma che fanno sempre più fatica a capire come le società si stiano trasformando.KEYWORDS: political partiespolitical leaderspersonalizationdigitalizationPAROLE CHIAVE: partiti politicileader politicipersonalizzazionedigitalizzazionePartito Democratico (P.D.)cultura politica Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1. Dis

一个政党，尤其是进步政党，怎么会不了解和接受时代的重大变化呢?本文检视意大利民主党(Partito Democratico)的经验。自2007年成立以来，该党未能在其明确的创建“新国家党”的目标方面取得令人满意的结果。虽然该党经常加入联合政府，但其选举支持和公民积极参与其活动的情况明显下降。这篇文章的主要论点是，目前P.D.的危机是由于缺乏理解——几乎是拒绝——近几十年来发生的两大政治变化:政治的个性化和社会的数字化。该党拒绝在这些领域进行可能的政治创新，这一点非常明显。这里有一个重要的矛盾:一股政治力量，鉴于其在政治光谱上的地位，本应展望未来，却以极大的怀疑看待现在。这一立场已成为许多欧洲左翼政党的典型立场，这些政党根植于长期的政治传统，但却发现越来越难以理解社会是如何变化的。RIASSUNTOCome può不参与政治，不参与进步，不参与政治，不参与政治，不参与政治，不参与政治，不参与政治，不参与政治，不参与政治，不参与政治。意大利民主党党报(P.D.)。2007年1月，达拉水基金会将“非è国家参与方”定义为“国家参与方”，并将“国家参与方”定义为“国家参与方”。Sebbene将作为政府联合政党的代表进入政府联合政党，并通过è注册管理机构登记参加政府联合政党的活动，以确定政府联合政党的活动，以及政府联合政党的活动。从政治的角度看，从政治的角度看，从政治的角度看，从个人的角度看，从政治的角度看，从数字化的角度看，从社会的角度看，从个人的角度看，从政治的角度看，从社会的角度看，从政治的角度看。我将继续努力，以促进政治创新的可能性。我将继续努力，以促进政治创新。这句话的意思是:“你的力量是政治，你的力量是政治，你的力量是政治，你的力量是政治，你的力量是未来，你的力量是未来。”È una posizione che è在传统政治中激进的人是在欧洲，在传统政治中激进的人是在数据中激进的人，在传统政治中激进的人是在数据中激进的人，在传统政治中激进的人是在数据中激进的人是在数据中激进的人是在数据中激进的人是在数据中激进的人是在数据中激进的人是在数据中激进的人是在数据中激进的人是在社会中变革的人。关键词:政党;政治领袖;个人化;数字化;CHIAVE:政党政治领袖;政治人物;第十一届基督教民主大会，1969年6月29日，罗马，五月宫;也见Maria Letizia Coen Cagli, Luciano d 'Andrea, Marco Montefalcone, Aldo Moro的著作和演讲选集，罗马，acadedemia di Studi Aldo Moro，第30.2页。马里奥·特隆蒂，“贝尼代托十六世，父亲在一个' era nonsua '”，《福格里奥》，2023.3年1月5日。J. Horowitz，“撼动意大利政治的女人”，《纽约时报》，2023.4年3月4日。Chiara De Micheli的演讲，晚邮报，晚邮报。2023年1月11日。其他信息撰稿人说明fortunato Musella fortunato Musella是那不勒斯费德里科二世大学政治学正教授。他是费代丽卡网络学习创新和远程教育传播中心的主任。他还是费德里科二世公共管理学院(SPM)的学习活动校长代表和董事会成员。他目前是国家项目“民主政府:个性化对当代政治制度的影响”(PRIN 2020-2023)的首席研究员，并为PNRR, CN1 -国家高性能计算，大数据和量子计算中心做出贡献。他是Il Mulino出版的第一本开放获取期刊《Rivista di Digital Politics》的编辑委员会成员。他的主要研究兴趣包括政府、政党、概念分析和数字政治研究。他最近的出版物包括政党政治之外的政治领袖(Palgrave 2018)，意大利的州长。《宪法与国家政治概论》(2019年1月1日编)，孔蒂·切夫。《政治科学手册》(与M. Calise和T.J. Lowi合著，Il Mulino, 2021)，《民主政府》(De Gruyter, 2022)。他与毛罗·卡利斯(Mauro Calise)合著了《数字原则》(Il Principe digitale)一书，研究了数字技术在政治中带来的变化。

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引用次数: 0