Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2258667
Rosa Mulè, Stefano Toso
ABSTRACTIn 2018, Italy became the last of the E.U. member states to introduce a minimum income policy. Our work helps explain why Italy was a laggard in this field by investigating the role the Italian left played, historically, in the evolution of policies to combat poverty. This is a surprisingly neglected topic. We argue that until the fall of the Berlin Wall, the Italian left focused on labour-market insiders – that is, full-time core workers – and appeared largely unconcerned about the most vulnerable individuals, the outsiders, thus accepting the lack of policies to combat poverty. The policy status quo, however, dovetailed with a lively debate among left-wing intellectuals and politicians. This debate paved the way for several attempts by left-wing governments in the 1990s to implement a national pilot scheme (called the Reddito Minimo di Inserimento [R.M.I.]) along with local minimum income policies. The electoral success in 2013 of a new populist movement, the Five-star Movement (M.5.s.), campaigning on the flagship project of the Reddito di Cittadinanza (R.d.C.), fuelled the political debate on anti-poverty policies. This electoral ‘threat’ finally convinced the centre-left government under Paolo Gentiloni to establish in 2018 the Reddito di Inclusione, the first minimum income scheme in Italy. Our work demonstrates the importance of political variables, such as the structure and dynamics of party competition, in the fight against poverty. It also highlights the role of the Italian left as a political innovator in this field.RIASSUNTONel 2018, l’Italia è diventata l’ultimo degli Stati membri dell’UE a introdurre una misura di reddito minimo. Il nostro lavoro contribuisce a spiegare perché l’Italia è approdata così tardivamente a una simile misura, indagando il ruolo che la sinistra italiana ha storicamente svolto nell’evoluzione delle politiche di lotta alla povertà. Si tratta di un argomento sorprendentemente trascurato. La nostra tesi è che fino alla caduta del Muro di Berlino, la sinistra italiana si è concentrata sugli insiders del mercato del lavoro – cioè i lavoratori dipendenti a tempo pieno e indeterminato – senza apparentemente preoccuparsi degli individui più vulnerabili, gli outsiders, legittimando in questo modo l’assenza di una politica di lotta alla povertà in quanto tale. Lo status quo politico si è, tuttavia, accompagnato a un vivace dibattito tra gli intellettuali e i politici di sinistra. Questo dibattito ha aperto la strada a diversi tentativi da parte dei governi di centro-sinistra negli anni ‘90 di avviare sperimentazioni nazionali insieme a politiche locali di reddito minimo. Il successo elettorale nel 2013 di un nuovo movimento populista, il Movimento 5 stelle (M.5.s.), che ha fatto del Reddito di Cittadinanza (R.d.C.) la sua bandiera politica, ha alimentato il dibattito pubblico sulle politiche contro la povertà. Questa ‘minaccia’ elettorale ha contribuito a far sì che il governo di centro-sinistra guidato da Pao
2018年，意大利成为最后一个引入最低收入政策的欧盟成员国。我们的工作通过调查意大利左派在历史上对抗贫困政策的演变中所扮演的角色，有助于解释为什么意大利在这一领域落后。这是一个令人惊讶的被忽视的话题。我们认为，在柏林墙倒塌之前，意大利左翼关注的是劳动力市场内部人士——即全职核心工人——而似乎基本上不关心最脆弱的个人，即局外人，因此接受了缺乏对抗贫困政策的事实。然而，政策现状与左翼知识分子和政治家之间的激烈辩论相吻合。这场辩论为左翼政府在20世纪90年代实施国家试点计划(称为Reddito Minimo di Inserimento [R.M.I.])以及地方最低收入政策铺平了道路。2013年，新民粹主义运动“五星运动”(五星运动)在竞选中以“城市之红”(Reddito di Cittadinanza, R.d.C)的旗舰项目为竞选纲领，在选举中获得成功，引发了有关反贫困政策的政治辩论。这一选举“威胁”最终说服了保罗·真蒂洛尼(Paolo Gentiloni)领导的中左翼政府于2018年建立了意大利第一个最低收入计划——“包容新政”(Reddito di inclusion)。我们的工作表明了政治变量，如政党竞争的结构和动态，在消除贫困的斗争中的重要性。这也凸显了意大利左翼在这一领域作为政治革新者的作用。RIASSUNTONel 2018, l 'Italia(意大利)è(意大利):意大利国家博物馆(意大利)，意大利博物馆(意大利)，意大利博物馆(意大利)。Il nostro lavoro contributora spiegere perchche l 'Italia è approdata così tardivamente a una similura, inagando Il ruolo che la sininistra italiana a storicamente solvolto nell 'evoluzione delle politiche di lotta alla贫穷。我不认为这是一种有效的方法。意大利之家è意大利之家是柏林之家，意大利之家是è意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家，意大利之家是米兰之家。“政治现状”是è，“政治现状”与“政治现状”相一致，“政治现状”与“知识分子现状”相一致。1990年，中央政府部门和地方政府部门在全国范围内的实验、投资和地方政治部门在最低限度上的合作。Il successo elettorale nel 2013 di un nuovo movimento popullista, Il movimento 5 stelle (M.5.s.)， che ha fatto del Reddito di Cittadinanza (R.d.C) la sua banddiera politica, ha alimentato Il dititito public public sulle politiche控制贫困。Questa ' minaccia ' elettorale为2018年意大利Reddito di Inclusione (R.E.I.)， il primo schema di Reddito minimo做出了贡献sì。在意大利，“政治上的重要变化”、“政治上的结构变化”、“政治上的竞争变化”、“政治上的对比变化”、“政治上的改革变化”、“政治上的改革变化”、“政治上的改革变化”、“政治上的改革变化”、“政治上的改革变化”、“政治上的改革变化”、“政治上的改革变化”。关键词:意大利左翼最低收入政策政党竞争民主党我们感谢Massimo Baldini、Paolo Bosi、Andrea Brandolini、Cristiano Gori、Maria Cecilia Guerra、Alessandro Martelli以及《华尔街日报》的匿名审稿人对本文之前版本的建设性意见。这篇文章是作者们共同努力的结果。然而，仅出于正式目的，罗莎·穆尔格写了第3、4、5节，斯特凡诺·托索写了第1、2节。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。当然，其他社会经济因素在解释意大利最低收入政策的演变方面也很重要。其中包括与其他欧洲发达国家相比，最初的福利国家设置不那么发达，以及该国南北之间的经济差距。参见Ferrera et al. (Citation2012)， Giorgi and Pavan (Citation2021b)，以及Saraceno et al. (Citation2022)。作者的translation.3。作者的translation.4。Ermanno Gorrieri(1920-2004)，意大利抵抗运动游击队指挥官，意大利政治家，民主和社会天主教代表，范法尼政府议员和劳工部长(1987年4月- 7月)。他是1950年成立的意大利主要工会联盟“意大利工人工会联盟”(CISL)的创始人之一。 他与皮埃尔·卡尼蒂(Pierre Carniti)共同创立了1993年至1998年活跃的意大利政治运动“基督教社会运动”(Movimento dei cristiano-sociali)，并在1998年和2007年分别创立了左翼民主党(Democratici di sinista)和民主党(pdp)。两口之家的相对贫困线与人均消费支出相吻合——尽管意大利统计研究所(i.s.t.a.t)也在近20年的时间里每年都在估算绝对贫困——人均消费支出取自国民账户数据。为了计算除一对夫妇以外的家庭的相对贫困线，采用了卡博纳罗等效比例尺。这是戈里耶里委员会估计的比额表，目前仍用于编制官方统计数字(Commission di indagine sulla poverty Citation1985)。一对夫妇相对接近贫穷的门槛被定为人均消费支出的120%。大约15年后，委员会(所谓的“奥诺弗里委员会”)在分析社会支出的宏观经济兼容性时再次使用了“选择性普遍主义”这个新词，并将成为立法者在改革援助方面的公共支出时(这是委员会的愿望)定位自己的基准，特别是在修订经济状况调查标准方面。以收入和财富的线性组合为基础的新的经济状况调查的出现，最低生活津贴和其他次要的非分类办法的采用(社会福利与社会福利分析委员会1997a、1997b)。关于委员会的建议与实际实现之间的差距，以及差距背后的原因，见Brandolini (Citation2008)。由Pierre Carniti(1993-1997)和Chiara Saraceno(1997-2001)担任主席的委员会的工作也受到了政策制定者的冷淡对待。2000年，该委员会更名为社会排斥调查委员会，由基亚拉·萨拉塞诺担任主席至2001年。随后，Giancarlo Rovati(2002-2005年和2005-2008年)、Marco Revelli(2008-2010年)和Luigi Fabbris
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Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2255059
Giovanni Farese
ABSTRACTOn Sunday, November 13, 2022, the cultural section of the ‘Il Corriere della Sera’ devoted its main article to the first volume of Gianni Toniolo’s latest opus, Storia della Banca d’Italia. Formazione ed evoluzione di una banca centrale, 1893–1943. The article characterized the book as an ‘extraordinary economic autobiography of the country’, and Toniolo as ‘undoubtedly the greatest of Italian economic historians’. That very day Gianni Toniolo died in Rome at the age of eighty. To review Toniolo’s work and life, even in the limited space these pages allow, is to go back over a period of Italian and international economic historiography, from the 1970s to the present day, to which Toniolo made vital and original contributions in a number of different ways.RIASSUNTODomenica 13 novembre 2022 “Il Corriere della Sera” dedicava l’articolo principale della pagina della cultura al primo tomo della Storia della Banca d’Italia. Formazione ed evoluzione di una banca centrale, 1893–1943 di Gianni Toniolo. Nell’articolo il volume era definito una “straordinaria autobiografia economica del Paese” e Toniolo “senza dubbio il maggiore storico italiano dell’economia”. Quel giorno stesso Gianni Toniolo moriva a Roma all’età di 80 anni. Ripercorrere la sua opera e la sua vita significa, sia pure nello spazio breve di qualche pagina, ripercorrere una stagione della storiografia economica, italiana e non solo, dagli anni Settanta a oggi, alla quale egli ha dato contributi fondamentali e originali in diverse direzioni.KEYWORDS: Gianni Tonioloeconomic historydevelopmentinstitutionsItalyPAROLE CHIAVE: Gianni Toniolostoria economicasviluppoistituzioniItalia AcknowledgementsThe author is grateful to professors Sabino Cassese, Pierluigi Ciocca and Barry Eichengreen for their helpful comments and generous feedback on an earlier version of this article.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1. F. Fubini, “L’olio di ricino alla lira,” Corriere della Sera, November 13, Citation2022, p. 34.2. G. Toniolo, Storia della Banca d’Italia. Tomo I. Formazione ed evoluzione di una banca centrale, 1893–1943, il Mulino, Bologna, 2022, p. 1.3. G. Toniolo, Storia economica dell’Italia liberale 1850–1918, il Mulino, Bologna, 1988, p. 8.4. G. Toniolo, Storia della Banca d’Italia, cit., p. 5.5. G. Toniolo, “Effective Protection and Industrial Growth: The Case of Italian Engineering, 1898-1913,” The Journal of European Economic History, 8, 3, 1977, pp. 659–673.6. G. Toniolo, P. Ciocca, Industry and Finance in Italy, 1918–1940, “The Journal of European Economic History,” special issue “Banks and Industry in the Interwar Period,” 13, 4, Citation1984, pp. 113–136. Charles P. Kindleberger and Hyman P. Minsky also wrote for that issue. Toniolo organized a conference on this topic at MIT in 1982.7. As early as 1969, with R.E. Sylla, Toniolo wrote an article, “‘New Economic History’: methods, objectives, limitations” in Quaderni storici delle Marc
【摘要】2022年11月13日，周日，《晚邮报》文化版的主要文章是Gianni Toniolo最新作品《意大利银行的故事》的第一卷。中央银行(1893-1943)。这篇文章将这本书描述为“非凡的意大利经济自传”，而托尼奥罗则是“毫无疑问最伟大的意大利经济史学家”。就在那天，吉安尼·托尼奥罗在罗马去世，享年80岁。在篇幅有限的情况下，回顾托尼奥洛的工作和生活，就是回顾从20世纪70年代至今的一段意大利和国际经济史，在这段时间里，托尼奥洛以许多不同的方式做出了重要的、原创性的贡献。2022年11月13日，意大利首都都灵，意大利中央银行将举办“Il Corriere della Sera”音乐会。中央银行，1893-1943,Gianni Toniolo。《意大利经济学自传》是《意大利经济学》的第一部，《意大利经济学》是《意大利经济学》的第一部。在罗马，吉安尼·托尼奥罗·莫里瓦(Gianni Toniolo moriva)在1980年去世。在不同的方向上，对基本的原创做出贡献的有不同的数据，在不同的方向上，对基本的原创做出贡献的有不同的数据，在不同的方向上，对基本的原创做出贡献的有不同的数据。作者感谢Sabino Cassese、Pierluigi Ciocca和Barry Eichengreen教授对本文早期版本的有益评论和慷慨反馈。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。F. Fubini，“L ' io di ricino alla lira”，《晚邮报》，11月13日，Citation2022，第34.2页。G. Toniolo，意大利银行的故事。Tomo I.《中央银行的形成与发展》，1893-1943,il Mulino，博洛尼亚，2022，第1.3页。G. Toniolo:《意大利自由经济的历史(1850-1918)》，il Mulino，博洛尼亚，1988，第8.4页。托尼奥洛:《意大利银行的故事》，城市版，第5.5页。郭志强:《工业增长与有效贸易保护:以意大利工程为例》，《欧洲经济史研究》，1997年第8期，页659-673.6。G. Toniolo, P. Ciocca，《1918-1940年意大利的工业与金融》，《欧洲经济史杂志》特刊“两次世界大战期间的银行与工业”，第13卷第4期，《引文》1984年第113-136页。查尔斯·p·金德尔伯格和海曼·p·明斯基也为这期杂志撰稿。1982年，托尼奥罗在麻省理工学院组织了一次关于这个主题的会议。早在1969年，托尼奥罗就与R.E.塞拉(R.E. Sylla)在《市场研究》(Quaderni storici delle Marche) 1969年第11期第229-264页上发表了一篇文章，“‘新经济史’:方法、目标和局限性”。1976年，他又回到了这个话题，编辑了另一本杂志的特刊:G. Toniolo(主编)，La“新经济史”，Quaderni storici, 1976年31日，第380-461.8页。G. Toniolo, p. Ciocca，“1918-1940年意大利的工业和金融”，引文，第136.9页。G. Toniolo:《J.D. Gould序》，《经济发展的历史》，罗马-巴里，1975年，第16 - 10页。P. Ciocca, Gianni Toniolo和Rivista di Storia Economica，《Rivista di Storia Economica》。《意大利经济史评论》，第3期，2022年，第1.11页。G. Toniolo, C. Bastasin, La strada smarrita。《意大利经济简史》，《意大利经济简史》，2020年第1期，页151.12。S. Cassese，“Gianni Toniolo, il biografo dell’economia”，《晚邮报》，2022年11月14日，第33.13页。C.H. Feinstein, p. Temin, G. Toniolo，《两次世界大战之间的欧洲经济》，牛津大学出版社，1997年，第514页。托尼奥洛:《意大利银行的故事》，城市版，第4页。这本书的早期评论来自P.F. Asso, Nascita e formazione di una banca centrale。《意大利银行的故事》，Gianni Toniolo著，Bancaria, 100,12，第16-19页，根据他于2015年10月18日在罗马意大利银行举行的新书发布会上的演讲改编。G. Toniolo，“Se l’economia swugge alla letteratura”，《Sole 24 Ore》，2016年8月7日。乔卡(P. Ciocca)的《经济学》书评。《Elogio dell ' interdisciplarit.com》，Aragno出版社，2016年出版。托尼奥洛:《意大利银行的故事》，城市版，第4页。本文作者giovanni Farese是罗马欧洲大学经济史副教授和经济研究生院院长。他是《欧洲经济史杂志》的总编辑。
{"title":"‘Facts in search of a theory’. Gianni Toniolo’s economic history (1942–2022)","authors":"Giovanni Farese","doi":"10.1080/1354571x.2023.2255059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2023.2255059","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTOn Sunday, November 13, 2022, the cultural section of the ‘Il Corriere della Sera’ devoted its main article to the first volume of Gianni Toniolo’s latest opus, Storia della Banca d’Italia. Formazione ed evoluzione di una banca centrale, 1893–1943. The article characterized the book as an ‘extraordinary economic autobiography of the country’, and Toniolo as ‘undoubtedly the greatest of Italian economic historians’. That very day Gianni Toniolo died in Rome at the age of eighty. To review Toniolo’s work and life, even in the limited space these pages allow, is to go back over a period of Italian and international economic historiography, from the 1970s to the present day, to which Toniolo made vital and original contributions in a number of different ways.RIASSUNTODomenica 13 novembre 2022 “Il Corriere della Sera” dedicava l’articolo principale della pagina della cultura al primo tomo della Storia della Banca d’Italia. Formazione ed evoluzione di una banca centrale, 1893–1943 di Gianni Toniolo. Nell’articolo il volume era definito una “straordinaria autobiografia economica del Paese” e Toniolo “senza dubbio il maggiore storico italiano dell’economia”. Quel giorno stesso Gianni Toniolo moriva a Roma all’età di 80 anni. Ripercorrere la sua opera e la sua vita significa, sia pure nello spazio breve di qualche pagina, ripercorrere una stagione della storiografia economica, italiana e non solo, dagli anni Settanta a oggi, alla quale egli ha dato contributi fondamentali e originali in diverse direzioni.KEYWORDS: Gianni Tonioloeconomic historydevelopmentinstitutionsItalyPAROLE CHIAVE: Gianni Toniolostoria economicasviluppoistituzioniItalia AcknowledgementsThe author is grateful to professors Sabino Cassese, Pierluigi Ciocca and Barry Eichengreen for their helpful comments and generous feedback on an earlier version of this article.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1. F. Fubini, “L’olio di ricino alla lira,” Corriere della Sera, November 13, Citation2022, p. 34.2. G. Toniolo, Storia della Banca d’Italia. Tomo I. Formazione ed evoluzione di una banca centrale, 1893–1943, il Mulino, Bologna, 2022, p. 1.3. G. Toniolo, Storia economica dell’Italia liberale 1850–1918, il Mulino, Bologna, 1988, p. 8.4. G. Toniolo, Storia della Banca d’Italia, cit., p. 5.5. G. Toniolo, “Effective Protection and Industrial Growth: The Case of Italian Engineering, 1898-1913,” The Journal of European Economic History, 8, 3, 1977, pp. 659–673.6. G. Toniolo, P. Ciocca, Industry and Finance in Italy, 1918–1940, “The Journal of European Economic History,” special issue “Banks and Industry in the Interwar Period,” 13, 4, Citation1984, pp. 113–136. Charles P. Kindleberger and Hyman P. Minsky also wrote for that issue. Toniolo organized a conference on this topic at MIT in 1982.7. As early as 1969, with R.E. Sylla, Toniolo wrote an article, “‘New Economic History’: methods, objectives, limitations” in Quaderni storici delle Marc","PeriodicalId":16364,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Italian Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135590764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2258657
Ivan Tassi
"Pavese controcorrente." Journal of Modern Italian Studies, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
“帕controcorrente。”《现代意大利研究杂志》，印前(印前)，1-2页
{"title":"Pavese controcorrente <b>Pavese controcorrente</b> , by Riccardo Gasperina Geroni, Macerata, Quodlibet, 2020, 112 pp., €12,00 (soft cover), ISBN: 9788822904355","authors":"Ivan Tassi","doi":"10.1080/1354571x.2023.2258657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2023.2258657","url":null,"abstract":"\"Pavese controcorrente.\" Journal of Modern Italian Studies, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2","PeriodicalId":16364,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Italian Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135829370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2241262
Nicola Pasini, Luciano Mario Fasano, Giovanni Antonio Cerutti
ABSTRACTOver the last forty years, there has been a mounting societal shift towards post-materialist values in all countries adhering to the democratic tradition. This has fuelled demand for increasingly personalized content, reflected in political and electoral preferences that, shaped by new agencies of socialization, have gradually distanced themselves from former loyalties. The political supply has been reorganized as a result. The old mass parties have morphed into the so-called catch all party and the more recent variations of the professional-electoral party, forced to drum up votes however it can, chiefly by concocting new issues to compensate for the weakening of traditional subcultures and the fact that the social groups and classes that were the mainstay of twentieth-century parties have now exited the scene. In Italy, this process has led to a political system that is – to say the least – fragmented and unstable. Taken as a whole, the Italian left is even harder pressed than other European lefts, though they too have shown themselves incapable in recent years of sensing the changing pulse and adapting to the new milieu and how it will affect the left’s legacy in terms of the industrial conflict between capital and labour. This is a cleavage that has marked the platforms of liberal-democratic political systems and the form that parties accordingly take even more than it has affected their value content. The Italian left’s perennially upwelling legacy has thus prevented it from retooling for a changing society and formulating policies that can build a solid voter base by interpreting the expectations of the more moderate portions of the electorate who, though sceptical about the centre-right coalition, harbour even greater doubts concerning the centre-left’s ability to actually govern.RIASSUNTONel corso negli ultimi quarant’anni in tutti I paesi a tradizione democratica il mutamento sociale orientate alla progressiva affermazione di valori post-materialisti ha fatto emergere nuove domande dal contenuto sempre più individualizzato, riflesse in preferenze politiche ed elettorali che, condizionate nel loro formarsi da nuove agenzie di socializzazione, si sono progressivamente emancipate dalle appartenenze tradizionali. Tali domande hanno innescato una ristrutturazione dell’offerta politica, caratterizzata dalla trasformazione dei tradizionali partiti a integrazione di massa dapprima nei cosiddetti partiti pigliatutti, per giungere fino alle più recenti varianti di partiti professionali-elettorali, sempre più costretti a costruire il proprio consenso in maniera trasversale e mutevole, soprattutto attraverso l’elaborazione di nuove issues, per compensare il cedimento delle sub-culture tradizionali e superare la scomparsa dalla scena di classi e gruppi sociali di riferimento che costituivano l’asse portante del consenso organizzato dai partiti novecenteschi. In Italia questo processo ha determinato, inoltre, la formazione di un Sistema politi
{"title":"Can the left respond to new cleavages in Italy?","authors":"Nicola Pasini, Luciano Mario Fasano, Giovanni Antonio Cerutti","doi":"10.1080/1354571x.2023.2241262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2023.2241262","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTOver the last forty years, there has been a mounting societal shift towards post-materialist values in all countries adhering to the democratic tradition. This has fuelled demand for increasingly personalized content, reflected in political and electoral preferences that, shaped by new agencies of socialization, have gradually distanced themselves from former loyalties. The political supply has been reorganized as a result. The old mass parties have morphed into the so-called catch all party and the more recent variations of the professional-electoral party, forced to drum up votes however it can, chiefly by concocting new issues to compensate for the weakening of traditional subcultures and the fact that the social groups and classes that were the mainstay of twentieth-century parties have now exited the scene. In Italy, this process has led to a political system that is – to say the least – fragmented and unstable. Taken as a whole, the Italian left is even harder pressed than other European lefts, though they too have shown themselves incapable in recent years of sensing the changing pulse and adapting to the new milieu and how it will affect the left’s legacy in terms of the industrial conflict between capital and labour. This is a cleavage that has marked the platforms of liberal-democratic political systems and the form that parties accordingly take even more than it has affected their value content. The Italian left’s perennially upwelling legacy has thus prevented it from retooling for a changing society and formulating policies that can build a solid voter base by interpreting the expectations of the more moderate portions of the electorate who, though sceptical about the centre-right coalition, harbour even greater doubts concerning the centre-left’s ability to actually govern.RIASSUNTONel corso negli ultimi quarant’anni in tutti I paesi a tradizione democratica il mutamento sociale orientate alla progressiva affermazione di valori post-materialisti ha fatto emergere nuove domande dal contenuto sempre più individualizzato, riflesse in preferenze politiche ed elettorali che, condizionate nel loro formarsi da nuove agenzie di socializzazione, si sono progressivamente emancipate dalle appartenenze tradizionali. Tali domande hanno innescato una ristrutturazione dell’offerta politica, caratterizzata dalla trasformazione dei tradizionali partiti a integrazione di massa dapprima nei cosiddetti partiti pigliatutti, per giungere fino alle più recenti varianti di partiti professionali-elettorali, sempre più costretti a costruire il proprio consenso in maniera trasversale e mutevole, soprattutto attraverso l’elaborazione di nuove issues, per compensare il cedimento delle sub-culture tradizionali e superare la scomparsa dalla scena di classi e gruppi sociali di riferimento che costituivano l’asse portante del consenso organizzato dai partiti novecenteschi. In Italia questo processo ha determinato, inoltre, la formazione di un Sistema politi","PeriodicalId":16364,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Italian Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135395232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2241256
James L. Newell
This article asks, ‘What’s left of the Italian left?’ arguing that an answer to the question presupposes having the answer to four more specific questions, namely, what does the term ‘left’ mean? What parties belong to this category thus defined? What accounts for the parties’ electoral decline since the end of the cold war? What, if anything, can be done to revive their fortunes? I argue that the terms ‘left’ and ‘right’ describe a spatial metaphor having to do with attitudes to equality. The electoral difficulties of the parties belonging to this category over the past thirty years can be explained by reference to three interlinked processes of long-term economic, social and political change that help account for the electoral decline of mainstream parties of the left in Western democracies in general in recent decades. In the context of globalization, a revival of the fortunes of the left in Italy appears to lie in the direction of an embrace of a social democratic ideology combined with a renewed emphasis on the principal of internationalism.
{"title":"The shifting landscape of the Italian left: Exploring its contemporary state","authors":"James L. Newell","doi":"10.1080/1354571x.2023.2241256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2023.2241256","url":null,"abstract":"This article asks, ‘What’s left of the Italian left?’ arguing that an answer to the question presupposes having the answer to four more specific questions, namely, what does the term ‘left’ mean? What parties belong to this category thus defined? What accounts for the parties’ electoral decline since the end of the cold war? What, if anything, can be done to revive their fortunes? I argue that the terms ‘left’ and ‘right’ describe a spatial metaphor having to do with attitudes to equality. The electoral difficulties of the parties belonging to this category over the past thirty years can be explained by reference to three interlinked processes of long-term economic, social and political change that help account for the electoral decline of mainstream parties of the left in Western democracies in general in recent decades. In the context of globalization, a revival of the fortunes of the left in Italy appears to lie in the direction of an embrace of a social democratic ideology combined with a renewed emphasis on the principal of internationalism.","PeriodicalId":16364,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Italian Studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135733879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2245241
Patrizia Sambuco
"Gastrofascismo e Impero: Il cibo nell’Africa Orientale Italiana, 1935–1941." Journal of Modern Italian Studies, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
{"title":"Gastrofascismo e Impero: Il cibo nell’Africa Orientale Italiana, 1935–1941","authors":"Patrizia Sambuco","doi":"10.1080/1354571x.2023.2245241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2023.2245241","url":null,"abstract":"\"Gastrofascismo e Impero: Il cibo nell’Africa Orientale Italiana, 1935–1941.\" Journal of Modern Italian Studies, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2","PeriodicalId":16364,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Italian Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135734223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2249361
Alessandro Ceteroni
{"title":"Italian industrial literature and film. Perspectives on the representation of postwar labor","authors":"Alessandro Ceteroni","doi":"10.1080/1354571x.2023.2249361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2023.2249361","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16364,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Italian Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2249360
Ernest Ialongo
{"title":"Gli Uomini della Marcia su Roma: Mussolini e i quadrumviri","authors":"Ernest Ialongo","doi":"10.1080/1354571x.2023.2249360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2023.2249360","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16364,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Italian Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135826979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2249362
Yuri Brunello
{"title":"Il Gramsci di Pasolini. Lingua, Letteratura e ideologia","authors":"Yuri Brunello","doi":"10.1080/1354571x.2023.2249362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2023.2249362","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16364,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Italian Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1080/1354571x.2023.2241258
Sofia Ventura
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