M. Pourahmad, Amir Aria, M. Momenzadeh, Fatemeh Nikoukar, B. Ataei, F. Khorvash, Manizhe Shams, K. Shahzamani, Sara Nasirharandi
Introduction: COVID-19 is associated with a cascade of inflammatory responses potentially lead to devastating outcomes. Objectives: The current study aims to investigate the efficacy of montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA), on laboratory parameters in COVID-19 infection. Patients and Methods: The current randomized clinical trial (RCT) conducted on 67 patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia in 2020-2021. All patients received treatments according to the national guidelines, while the case group additionally applied 10 mg montelukast for 14 days. The clinical disease improvement and laboratory data (complete blood cells count and differentiation, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), D-dimer, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assessed within two weeks after the infection and compared between the groups. Results: Baseline assessed parameters did not differ between the groups (P>0.05). A significant decrease in pulse rate, also in normal ranges, was notified in the montelukast-treated group compared with the baseline (P=0.001) and with controls (P=0.033); however, other vital signs were not statistically different (P>0.05). CRP (P<0.001), ESR (P=0.008), BUN (P=0.015), and AST (P<0.001) significantly decreased in the post-intervention assessment of the montelukast-treated group. The comparison of the groups in post-intervention reviews revealed significantly lower CRP (P=0.042) and D-dimer (P=0.008) in the intervention group versus controls. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, montelukast use with a daily dose of 10 mg for 14 days could remarkably decrease inflammatory indices in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Further studies on this issue are strongly recommended. Trial Registration: The trial protocol was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20181208041886N3, https://www.irct.ir/trial/51633; ethical code #IR.MUI.MED. REC.1399.382).
{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of montelukast drug in improving the clinical condition of patients with COVID-19 in referral hospitals in Isfahan; a randomized clinical trial","authors":"M. Pourahmad, Amir Aria, M. Momenzadeh, Fatemeh Nikoukar, B. Ataei, F. Khorvash, Manizhe Shams, K. Shahzamani, Sara Nasirharandi","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.11650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.11650","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: COVID-19 is associated with a cascade of inflammatory responses potentially lead to devastating outcomes. Objectives: The current study aims to investigate the efficacy of montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA), on laboratory parameters in COVID-19 infection. Patients and Methods: The current randomized clinical trial (RCT) conducted on 67 patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia in 2020-2021. All patients received treatments according to the national guidelines, while the case group additionally applied 10 mg montelukast for 14 days. The clinical disease improvement and laboratory data (complete blood cells count and differentiation, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), D-dimer, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assessed within two weeks after the infection and compared between the groups. Results: Baseline assessed parameters did not differ between the groups (P>0.05). A significant decrease in pulse rate, also in normal ranges, was notified in the montelukast-treated group compared with the baseline (P=0.001) and with controls (P=0.033); however, other vital signs were not statistically different (P>0.05). CRP (P<0.001), ESR (P=0.008), BUN (P=0.015), and AST (P<0.001) significantly decreased in the post-intervention assessment of the montelukast-treated group. The comparison of the groups in post-intervention reviews revealed significantly lower CRP (P=0.042) and D-dimer (P=0.008) in the intervention group versus controls. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, montelukast use with a daily dose of 10 mg for 14 days could remarkably decrease inflammatory indices in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Further studies on this issue are strongly recommended. Trial Registration: The trial protocol was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20181208041886N3, https://www.irct.ir/trial/51633; ethical code #IR.MUI.MED. REC.1399.382).","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"25 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140490383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Zandifar, Leila Alem, Azadeh Khayyat, Mohammad Ali Esmaeil pour
Membranous nephropathy is an immune complex disease caused by subepithelial deposits. The pathological manifestations of membranous nephropathy are considered by the creation of immune complexes in the epithelial cells of the glomerular basement membrane. The established pathologic features of primary membranous nephropathy include subepithelial immune deposits, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, and podocyte foot process effacement. The clinical implications of pathological features of primary membranous nephropathy include male gender, age, persistent heavy proteinuria, decreased glomerular filtration rate on presentation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Membranous nephropathy is diagnosed through a kidney biopsy, confirming subepithelial immune deposits, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, and podocyte foot process effacement.
{"title":"The Mayo Clinic consensus report on membranous nephropathy; a promising step toward better treating the disease","authors":"S. Zandifar, Leila Alem, Azadeh Khayyat, Mohammad Ali Esmaeil pour","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.11657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.11657","url":null,"abstract":"Membranous nephropathy is an immune complex disease caused by subepithelial deposits. The pathological manifestations of membranous nephropathy are considered by the creation of immune complexes in the epithelial cells of the glomerular basement membrane. The established pathologic features of primary membranous nephropathy include subepithelial immune deposits, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, and podocyte foot process effacement. The clinical implications of pathological features of primary membranous nephropathy include male gender, age, persistent heavy proteinuria, decreased glomerular filtration rate on presentation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Membranous nephropathy is diagnosed through a kidney biopsy, confirming subepithelial immune deposits, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, and podocyte foot process effacement.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The latest statistics and estimations indicated that breast cancer occurs in one-fourth of women worldwide and is responsible for one in six cancer deaths among women. A bilateral relationship seems to exist between breast cancer pathophysiology and kidney failure. Consideration should be given to this relationship when selecting a treatment protocol. This paper reviews the association between these two factors in breast cancer patients. There are many aspects to consider in the association between breast cancer and renal insufficiency. A breast cancer patient with normal kidney function is at risk of developing kidney failure due to paraneoplastic syndromes, hypercalcemia, and in rare cases, tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). In defining the optimal treatment protocol for each breast cancer patient, clinicians should consider the patient’s basal glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Frequent renal clearance monitoring and taking immediate action at the time GFR begins to decrease will lower the rate of kidney failure in breast cancer patients. Lastly, patients with chronic kidney disease who are recently diagnosed with breast cancer may have higher morbidity and mortality compared to breast cancer patients with normal GFR. Further investigation is needed to lower morbidity and mortality in such patients.
最新的统计数据和估计表明，全世界四分之一的妇女患有乳腺癌，每六名死于癌症的妇女中就有一人是乳腺癌患者。乳腺癌的病理生理学与肾衰竭之间似乎存在着一种双边关系。在选择治疗方案时应考虑到这种关系。本文回顾了乳腺癌患者这两个因素之间的关系。乳腺癌与肾功能不全之间的关系有许多方面需要考虑。肾功能正常的乳腺癌患者有可能因副肿瘤综合征、高钙血症以及罕见的肿瘤溶解综合征（TLS）而出现肾功能衰竭。在为每位乳腺癌患者确定最佳治疗方案时，临床医生应考虑患者的基础肾小球滤过率（GFR）。经常监测肾清除率，并在肾小球滤过率开始下降时立即采取措施，可降低乳腺癌患者肾衰竭的发生率。最后，与 GFR 正常的乳腺癌患者相比，近期被诊断出患有慢性肾病的乳腺癌患者的发病率和死亡率可能更高。要降低这类患者的发病率和死亡率，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Renal insufficiency in breast cancer patients; a review study","authors":"N. Moradi, Shahrzad Izadi, H. Hemmati","doi":"10.34172/npj.2024.11659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2024.11659","url":null,"abstract":"The latest statistics and estimations indicated that breast cancer occurs in one-fourth of women worldwide and is responsible for one in six cancer deaths among women. A bilateral relationship seems to exist between breast cancer pathophysiology and kidney failure. Consideration should be given to this relationship when selecting a treatment protocol. This paper reviews the association between these two factors in breast cancer patients. There are many aspects to consider in the association between breast cancer and renal insufficiency. A breast cancer patient with normal kidney function is at risk of developing kidney failure due to paraneoplastic syndromes, hypercalcemia, and in rare cases, tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). In defining the optimal treatment protocol for each breast cancer patient, clinicians should consider the patient’s basal glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Frequent renal clearance monitoring and taking immediate action at the time GFR begins to decrease will lower the rate of kidney failure in breast cancer patients. Lastly, patients with chronic kidney disease who are recently diagnosed with breast cancer may have higher morbidity and mortality compared to breast cancer patients with normal GFR. Further investigation is needed to lower morbidity and mortality in such patients.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"11 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139531235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sina Salati, Bahare Firouzbakht, Padideh Daneii, Ali Azarpey, Behnaz Hatami, Mohamad Mehdi Johari Moghadam, Negar Jafari
Cancer treatment can lead to combined heart and kidney complications, which can have a significant impact on patient outcomes. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy used to treat cancer can cause damage to both the heart and kidneys, leading to a range of complications. Managing combined heart and kidney complications following cancer treatment requires a collaborative and multidisciplinary approach, with regular monitoring and personalized management plans tailored to the individual patient’s needs.
{"title":"Oncocardiology: close collaboration between oncologists, cardiologists, and nephrologists","authors":"Sina Salati, Bahare Firouzbakht, Padideh Daneii, Ali Azarpey, Behnaz Hatami, Mohamad Mehdi Johari Moghadam, Negar Jafari","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.11660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.11660","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer treatment can lead to combined heart and kidney complications, which can have a significant impact on patient outcomes. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy used to treat cancer can cause damage to both the heart and kidneys, leading to a range of complications. Managing combined heart and kidney complications following cancer treatment requires a collaborative and multidisciplinary approach, with regular monitoring and personalized management plans tailored to the individual patient’s needs.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139213093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Zandifar, Sadaf Farnam Nia, Rastina Mehrani, Bina Bakhshaei, Samin Karamian, Sina Bagheri, Ali Ghorbani, Sina Bakhshaei
Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Reverse cardio-oncology addressed the risk of ensuing cancer in individuals with heart disease. It is imperative to collaborate oncology with cardiology to effectively prevent and treat related diseases
{"title":"Emerging cancer in individuals with cardiovascular disease: Exploring the intersection of reverse cardio-oncology and nephropharmacology","authors":"S. Zandifar, Sadaf Farnam Nia, Rastina Mehrani, Bina Bakhshaei, Samin Karamian, Sina Bagheri, Ali Ghorbani, Sina Bakhshaei","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.11648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.11648","url":null,"abstract":"Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Reverse cardio-oncology addressed the risk of ensuing cancer in individuals with heart disease. It is imperative to collaborate oncology with cardiology to effectively prevent and treat related diseases","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139212792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afshin Bighamian, I. Nazari, Seyed Masood Mousavi, Hossain Minaee
Introduction: It is crucial in order to provide optimal hemodialysis to patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to establish venous access with the least amount of complications. Objectives: In this study, we examined the risk factors that affect the efficiency and longevity of dialysis access for patients receiving dialysis in Ahvaz medical centers. Patients and Methods: In our retrospective study, 180 hemodialysis patients were referred to the Golestan educational and medical center in Ahvaz, Iran. An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or catheter was conducted to provide them with vascular access. Detailed demographic information about the patient was collected, including age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), cause of ESRD, duration of renal failure, duration of dialysis, and comorbidities. There were instances of access inefficiency as a result of infection, stenosis, closure, thrombosis, bleeding, and pseudoaneurysms. The data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, t test, and chi-square tests with SPSS version 22. Statistics were considered significant at a P value of 0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.08 ± 12.213 years, and the mean BMI was 27.90 ± 9.112 kg/m2 . Among dialysis patients, there was a significant relationship between male gender, clopidogrel administration, diabetes history, hypertension and access failure. It is estimated that 36.7% of vascular access failures are caused by thrombosis, while 32.8% are due to access stenosis or closure. Conclusion: Our study showed that male gender, clopidogrel administration, and a history of diabetes and hypertension were risk factors affecting dialysis access quality and efficiency. According to our study, it may be possible to develop a more appropriate approach for determining the type and location of dialysis access.
{"title":"Evaluation of risk factors affecting the lifespan and efficiency of dialysis accesses installed in dialysis patients referees to Ahvaz therapeutic centers in a two-year cohort study","authors":"Afshin Bighamian, I. Nazari, Seyed Masood Mousavi, Hossain Minaee","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10639","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: It is crucial in order to provide optimal hemodialysis to patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to establish venous access with the least amount of complications. Objectives: In this study, we examined the risk factors that affect the efficiency and longevity of dialysis access for patients receiving dialysis in Ahvaz medical centers. Patients and Methods: In our retrospective study, 180 hemodialysis patients were referred to the Golestan educational and medical center in Ahvaz, Iran. An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or catheter was conducted to provide them with vascular access. Detailed demographic information about the patient was collected, including age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), cause of ESRD, duration of renal failure, duration of dialysis, and comorbidities. There were instances of access inefficiency as a result of infection, stenosis, closure, thrombosis, bleeding, and pseudoaneurysms. The data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, t test, and chi-square tests with SPSS version 22. Statistics were considered significant at a P value of 0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.08 ± 12.213 years, and the mean BMI was 27.90 ± 9.112 kg/m2 . Among dialysis patients, there was a significant relationship between male gender, clopidogrel administration, diabetes history, hypertension and access failure. It is estimated that 36.7% of vascular access failures are caused by thrombosis, while 32.8% are due to access stenosis or closure. Conclusion: Our study showed that male gender, clopidogrel administration, and a history of diabetes and hypertension were risk factors affecting dialysis access quality and efficiency. According to our study, it may be possible to develop a more appropriate approach for determining the type and location of dialysis access.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139216832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hekmat, H. Ghaderi, Zahra Ansari Aval, S. Mirjafari, R. Tirdad
Today, one of the most common methods used in the emergency room or intensive care unit (ICU) in patients is the Seldinger technique to access the central venous system, shunting for hemodialysis, intra-aortic balloon pump, or arterial insertion. Accidental leaving of the guide wire is an uncommon but important complication that can occur as a result of an incorrect technique, and it is sometimes found accidentally or due to complications years after the procedure. The case is a 53-year-old patient who underwent aortic valve replacement with a mechanical valve and mitral valve repair with a ring 12 years ago and was treated with warfarin. Two years after the heart surgery, due to chronic renal failure, the patient underwent dialysis, and after the preparation of an arteriovenous fistula, he underwent stenting. After approximately ten years, the patient developed fever, chills, and shortness of breath. During the examination, endocarditis was diagnosed, and a part of the aortic valve was released. There was a severe paravalvular leak in the aortic valve, and an abscess was formed in the aorta root. We also noticed a forgotten guide wire in the superior vena cava, right atrium, inferior vena cava, and hepatic vein, and echogenic masses were located on the guidewire. The diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography, chest x-ray, and phenocopy. After antibiotic therapy, the patients underwent heart surgery, aortic valve replacement, and aortic root repair, and the guidewire was removed (70 cm long). Unfortunately, despite all measures, the patient died a few days after the surgery. Due to complications, a forgotten guidewire should be removed immediately after diagnosis. The preferred intervention is the removal of the guidewire by endovascular interventions, but surgical treatment should also be considered in some cases.
如今，急诊室或重症监护室（ICU）患者最常用的方法之一是通过塞尔丁格技术进入中心静脉系统、进行血液透析分流、主动脉内球囊泵或动脉插入。导丝意外脱落是一种不常见但却很重要的并发症，可能是由于不正确的技术造成的，有时会在术后数年意外发现或由于并发症造成。该病例是一名 53 岁的患者，12 年前接受了主动脉瓣置换术（机械瓣）和二尖瓣修补术（环），并接受了华法林治疗。心脏手术两年后，由于慢性肾功能衰竭，患者接受了透析，并在准备动静脉瘘后接受了支架植入术。大约十年后，患者出现发热、寒战和气短。在检查中，他被诊断为心内膜炎，主动脉瓣的一部分被释放。主动脉瓣有严重的瓣旁漏，主动脉根部形成脓肿。我们还发现上腔静脉、右心房、下腔静脉和肝静脉内有一根被遗忘的导丝，导丝上有回声包块。经超声心动图、胸部 X 光检查和病理解剖确诊。经过抗生素治疗后，患者接受了心脏手术、主动脉瓣置换术和主动脉根部修补术，并取出了导丝（70 厘米长）。不幸的是，尽管采取了所有措施，患者还是在术后几天死亡。由于存在并发症，在确诊后应立即拔除遗忘的导丝。首选的干预方法是通过血管内介入取出导丝，但在某些情况下也应考虑手术治疗。
{"title":"Should a forgotten guidewire be removed after years? An undesirable complication of hemodialysis catheter wire left in the body","authors":"M. Hekmat, H. Ghaderi, Zahra Ansari Aval, S. Mirjafari, R. Tirdad","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.11649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.11649","url":null,"abstract":"Today, one of the most common methods used in the emergency room or intensive care unit (ICU) in patients is the Seldinger technique to access the central venous system, shunting for hemodialysis, intra-aortic balloon pump, or arterial insertion. Accidental leaving of the guide wire is an uncommon but important complication that can occur as a result of an incorrect technique, and it is sometimes found accidentally or due to complications years after the procedure. The case is a 53-year-old patient who underwent aortic valve replacement with a mechanical valve and mitral valve repair with a ring 12 years ago and was treated with warfarin. Two years after the heart surgery, due to chronic renal failure, the patient underwent dialysis, and after the preparation of an arteriovenous fistula, he underwent stenting. After approximately ten years, the patient developed fever, chills, and shortness of breath. During the examination, endocarditis was diagnosed, and a part of the aortic valve was released. There was a severe paravalvular leak in the aortic valve, and an abscess was formed in the aorta root. We also noticed a forgotten guide wire in the superior vena cava, right atrium, inferior vena cava, and hepatic vein, and echogenic masses were located on the guidewire. The diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography, chest x-ray, and phenocopy. After antibiotic therapy, the patients underwent heart surgery, aortic valve replacement, and aortic root repair, and the guidewire was removed (70 cm long). Unfortunately, despite all measures, the patient died a few days after the surgery. Due to complications, a forgotten guidewire should be removed immediately after diagnosis. The preferred intervention is the removal of the guidewire by endovascular interventions, but surgical treatment should also be considered in some cases.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139216684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mirfendereski, Mahboubeh Taghipour, Farshad Yadollahi, Hadi Taghavinejad, Mahdieh Ahmadnia
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a potential complication of medical imaging procedures that use contrast media. It is important to identify and manage risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy and to monitor patients for signs of renal damage after contrast administration. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can prevent CI-AKI through multiple mechanisms of action, including reducing oxidative stress, improving renal hemodynamics, reducing inflammation, reducing apoptosis and fibrosis, reducing oxidative stress-induced DNA damage, reducing tubular cell injury, and reducing renal tubular cell apoptosis. However, the exact mechanisms of action may vary based on the specific study or context. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms of NAC in preventing CI-AKI.
造影剂诱导的急性肾损伤（CI-AKI）是使用造影剂的医学成像程序的潜在并发症。识别和管理造影剂诱发肾病的危险因素，并在使用造影剂后监测患者是否出现肾损伤迹象非常重要。N- 乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）可通过多种作用机制预防 CI-AKI，包括减少氧化应激、改善肾血流动力学、减少炎症、减少细胞凋亡和纤维化、减少氧化应激诱导的 DNA 损伤、减少肾小管细胞损伤和减少肾小管细胞凋亡。然而，具体的作用机制可能因具体研究或背景而异。要全面阐明 NAC 预防 CI-AKI 的分子机制，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Administration of N-acetylcysteine for contrast-induced acute kidney injury; an updated mini-review","authors":"S. Mirfendereski, Mahboubeh Taghipour, Farshad Yadollahi, Hadi Taghavinejad, Mahdieh Ahmadnia","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.11658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.11658","url":null,"abstract":"Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a potential complication of medical imaging procedures that use contrast media. It is important to identify and manage risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy and to monitor patients for signs of renal damage after contrast administration. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can prevent CI-AKI through multiple mechanisms of action, including reducing oxidative stress, improving renal hemodynamics, reducing inflammation, reducing apoptosis and fibrosis, reducing oxidative stress-induced DNA damage, reducing tubular cell injury, and reducing renal tubular cell apoptosis. However, the exact mechanisms of action may vary based on the specific study or context. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms of NAC in preventing CI-AKI.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139223769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elnaz Ataei, Razieh Bagheri Shahzadeh Aliakbari, Navid Asgari, Nasim Zaman Samghabadi, Sina Salati, Sara Abbasian, Mohammad Akbari, Farshad Gharebakhshi, Anna Ghorbani Doshantapeh
Introduction: Metformin, a blood sugar-lowering agent, has the potential to be an anti-cancer agent. However, its role in lymphoma remains uncertain. Objectives: This study sought to examine the correlation between the utilization of metformin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma through the application of a systematic review and meta-analysis methodology. Materials and Methods: This investigation was carried out in the form of a methodical examination and meta-analysis in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and the Google Scholar search engine were thoroughly explored without any temporal limitations until September 20, 2023. The data was analyzed utilizing the STATA 14 software, and the level of significance for the tests was established at P<0.05. Results: The results, obtained by combining six observational studies (five cohort studies and one case-control study) with a total sample size of 2 330 787 individuals, showed that the odds ratio (OR) for the association between metformin use and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in all studies was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.07). In cohort studies, the OR was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.74, 1.11), and in the case-control study, it was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.10). None of these relationships were statistically significant. The odds ratio between metformin uses and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.71, 1.21), and the odds ratio between metformin use and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.61, 1.83), both of which were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This investigation’s findings indicated no statistically noteworthy correlation exists between the utilization of metformin and the probability of contracting non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Registration: This study was conducted following the PRISMA checklist. Its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (CRD42023469100) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1721) websites.
简介二甲双胍是一种降血糖药，具有抗癌潜力。然而，它在淋巴瘤中的作用仍不确定。研究目的本研究试图通过应用系统综述和荟萃分析方法，研究二甲双胍的使用与非霍奇金淋巴瘤之间的相关性。材料与方法：本研究根据 PRISMA 指南，以方法学审查和荟萃分析的形式进行。对 Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane 和 Google Scholar 搜索引擎等数据库进行了彻底搜索，没有任何时间限制，直至 2023 年 9 月 20 日。数据使用 STATA 14 软件进行分析，检验的显著性水平为 P<0.05。结果结果显示，在所有研究中，二甲双胍的使用与非霍奇金淋巴瘤之间的比值比（OR）为 0.91（95% CI：0.78，1.07）。在队列研究中，OR 为 0.91（95% CI：0.74，1.11），在病例对照研究中，OR 为 0.93（95% CI：0.79，1.10）。这些关系均无统计学意义。使用二甲双胍与慢性淋巴细胞白血病/小淋巴细胞白血病之间的几率比为 0.93（95% CI：0.71，1.21），使用二甲双胍与弥漫大 B 细胞淋巴瘤之间的几率比为 1.06（95% CI：0.61，1.83），二者均无统计学意义。结论调查结果表明，二甲双胍的使用与非霍奇金淋巴瘤、慢性淋巴细胞白血病/小淋巴细胞白血病和弥漫大 B 细胞淋巴瘤的患病概率之间不存在统计学意义上的显著相关性。注册：本研究按照 PRISMA 核对表进行。研究方案已在 PROSPERO（CRD42023469100）和研究注册（UIN：reviewregistry1721）网站上注册。
{"title":"The association between metformin administration and non-Hodgkin lymphoma; a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies","authors":"Elnaz Ataei, Razieh Bagheri Shahzadeh Aliakbari, Navid Asgari, Nasim Zaman Samghabadi, Sina Salati, Sara Abbasian, Mohammad Akbari, Farshad Gharebakhshi, Anna Ghorbani Doshantapeh","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.11651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.11651","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Metformin, a blood sugar-lowering agent, has the potential to be an anti-cancer agent. However, its role in lymphoma remains uncertain. Objectives: This study sought to examine the correlation between the utilization of metformin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma through the application of a systematic review and meta-analysis methodology. Materials and Methods: This investigation was carried out in the form of a methodical examination and meta-analysis in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and the Google Scholar search engine were thoroughly explored without any temporal limitations until September 20, 2023. The data was analyzed utilizing the STATA 14 software, and the level of significance for the tests was established at P<0.05. Results: The results, obtained by combining six observational studies (five cohort studies and one case-control study) with a total sample size of 2 330 787 individuals, showed that the odds ratio (OR) for the association between metformin use and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in all studies was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.07). In cohort studies, the OR was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.74, 1.11), and in the case-control study, it was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.10). None of these relationships were statistically significant. The odds ratio between metformin uses and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.71, 1.21), and the odds ratio between metformin use and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.61, 1.83), both of which were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This investigation’s findings indicated no statistically noteworthy correlation exists between the utilization of metformin and the probability of contracting non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Registration: This study was conducted following the PRISMA checklist. Its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (CRD42023469100) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1721) websites.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Zandifar, Mahshid Imankhan, Padideh Daneii, Ali Azarpey, Leila Alem
Immune checkpoint inhibitors work by blocking the "checkpoint" mechanism that tumors use to hide from the immune system, therefore also weakening the immune system. Consequently, checkpoint inhibitors can cause autoimmune reactions, resulting in adverse effects. Prompt identification and management of adverse effects are critical for patients under checkpoint inhibitor therapy due to the potential severity and unpredictability of these immune-related adverse events.
{"title":"Nephrotoxicity of checkpoint inhibitors; a current challenge","authors":"S. Zandifar, Mahshid Imankhan, Padideh Daneii, Ali Azarpey, Leila Alem","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10641","url":null,"abstract":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors work by blocking the \"checkpoint\" mechanism that tumors use to hide from the immune system, therefore also weakening the immune system. Consequently, checkpoint inhibitors can cause autoimmune reactions, resulting in adverse effects. Prompt identification and management of adverse effects are critical for patients under checkpoint inhibitor therapy due to the potential severity and unpredictability of these immune-related adverse events.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"133 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139255954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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