Reza Baghbanian, Mohsen Savaie, F. Soltani, Mahbobe Rashidi, Mehrdad Dargahi MalAmir, F. Amiri, N. Bakhtiari
Introduction: Effective antiviral medications with minimal side effects has received scholarly attention since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Ivermectin, a long-time anti-parasitic drug, has been proven through laboratory tests to have anti-COVID-19 effects. Objectives: This study investigated the effects of inclusion of ivermectin to the standard treatment of mechanically ventilated patients. Patients and Methods: This study is a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial that was conducted on COVID-19 patients, in Ahvaz, Iran, from March 2020 to September 2021. Intubated COVID-19 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated into two groups, placebo (n = 29) and the ivermectin-treated (n = 31). The primary outcome was the mortality, and the secondary outcomes were pulmonary compliance and vital signs. Results: Two groups were similar regarding demographic characteristics such as age, gender, the length of time since the onset of symptoms before intubation, the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the blood. Moreover, the difference in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, and interleukin 6 (IL-6) was not significant between the two groups. Regarding mortality rate, no significant difference between the two groups was detected. Furthermore, O2 saturation on day 5 was significantly higher in the ivermectin group as opposed to the control group (P=0.008). No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups regarding respiratory rate, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lung compliance (dynamic and static). Conclusion: Regarding the importance of blood oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients, our results showed no significant effect of ivermectin in the treatment of ventilated COVID-19 patients, suggesting that its addition to the standard COVID-19 treatment either is ineffective or has no synergistic effect. Trial Registration: The trial protocol was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Identifier: IRCT20190417043295N2; https://www.irct.ir/trial/57603, ethical code#IR.AJUMS. REC.1400.234).
{"title":"The effect of adding ivermectin to the standard COVID-19 treatment in intubated patients","authors":"Reza Baghbanian, Mohsen Savaie, F. Soltani, Mahbobe Rashidi, Mehrdad Dargahi MalAmir, F. Amiri, N. Bakhtiari","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10589","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Effective antiviral medications with minimal side effects has received scholarly attention since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Ivermectin, a long-time anti-parasitic drug, has been proven through laboratory tests to have anti-COVID-19 effects. Objectives: This study investigated the effects of inclusion of ivermectin to the standard treatment of mechanically ventilated patients. Patients and Methods: This study is a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial that was conducted on COVID-19 patients, in Ahvaz, Iran, from March 2020 to September 2021. Intubated COVID-19 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated into two groups, placebo (n = 29) and the ivermectin-treated (n = 31). The primary outcome was the mortality, and the secondary outcomes were pulmonary compliance and vital signs. Results: Two groups were similar regarding demographic characteristics such as age, gender, the length of time since the onset of symptoms before intubation, the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the blood. Moreover, the difference in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, and interleukin 6 (IL-6) was not significant between the two groups. Regarding mortality rate, no significant difference between the two groups was detected. Furthermore, O2 saturation on day 5 was significantly higher in the ivermectin group as opposed to the control group (P=0.008). No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups regarding respiratory rate, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lung compliance (dynamic and static). Conclusion: Regarding the importance of blood oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients, our results showed no significant effect of ivermectin in the treatment of ventilated COVID-19 patients, suggesting that its addition to the standard COVID-19 treatment either is ineffective or has no synergistic effect. Trial Registration: The trial protocol was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Identifier: IRCT20190417043295N2; https://www.irct.ir/trial/57603, ethical code#IR.AJUMS. REC.1400.234).","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48098007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hasanpour Dehkordi, Emad Zare Dehabadi, Mohammad Reza Rezaei, Ayda Hasanpour Dehkordi, Farinaz Fattahi, Aisan Ghasemi Oskui, S. Mirfendereski, Farshad Yadollahi, Hamidreza Khodabandeh, M. Sadeghpour
Introduction: It is crucial for patients with chronic disease to learn the skills they need to manage their illnesses, which is called empowerment. Objectives: This review study aimed to evaluate the need for empowerment and self-efficacy in patients with chronic disease. Methods: The keywords were looked up in articles published between 2014 and 2023 using electronic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the search engine Google scholar. All obtained pertinent papers and books were analyzed based on the search method and the established criteria, and all redundant and unrelated items were excluded. Results: Results showed that empowerment and self-efficacy were conducted as a technique or strategy to guide patients and caregivers. An empowerment and self-efficacy model can promote quality of life (QoL) in chronic disease patients. Despite empowerment being beneficial for patients with chronic illnesses in previous studies, it should also be implemented for patients with other diseases. Conclusion: Given this literature results, the empowerment and self-efficacy model can improve the QoL in patients with chronic illnesses. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID: CRD42023417639).
引言：对于慢性病患者来说，学习管理疾病所需的技能至关重要，这就是所谓的赋权。目的：本综述研究旨在评估慢性病患者对授权和自我效能的需求。方法：使用电子数据库，包括Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Scopus和搜索引擎Google scholar，在2014年至2023年间发表的文章中查找关键词。根据检索方法和既定标准对所有获得的相关论文和书籍进行分析，排除所有多余和无关的项目。结果：研究结果表明，赋权和自我效能感是作为一种技术或策略来指导患者和护理人员的。授权和自我效能模型可以提高慢性病患者的生活质量。尽管在以前的研究中，授权对慢性病患者有益，但也应该对其他疾病患者实施。结论：鉴于这一文献结果，授权和自我效能模型可以提高慢性病患者的生活质量。注册：本研究基于PRISMA检查表编制，其方案已在PROSPERO网站（ID:CRD42023417639）上注册。
{"title":"Empowerment and self-efficacy in patients with chronic disease; a systematic review study","authors":"A. Hasanpour Dehkordi, Emad Zare Dehabadi, Mohammad Reza Rezaei, Ayda Hasanpour Dehkordi, Farinaz Fattahi, Aisan Ghasemi Oskui, S. Mirfendereski, Farshad Yadollahi, Hamidreza Khodabandeh, M. Sadeghpour","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10596","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: It is crucial for patients with chronic disease to learn the skills they need to manage their illnesses, which is called empowerment. Objectives: This review study aimed to evaluate the need for empowerment and self-efficacy in patients with chronic disease. Methods: The keywords were looked up in articles published between 2014 and 2023 using electronic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the search engine Google scholar. All obtained pertinent papers and books were analyzed based on the search method and the established criteria, and all redundant and unrelated items were excluded. Results: Results showed that empowerment and self-efficacy were conducted as a technique or strategy to guide patients and caregivers. An empowerment and self-efficacy model can promote quality of life (QoL) in chronic disease patients. Despite empowerment being beneficial for patients with chronic illnesses in previous studies, it should also be implemented for patients with other diseases. Conclusion: Given this literature results, the empowerment and self-efficacy model can improve the QoL in patients with chronic illnesses. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID: CRD42023417639).","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46521366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Ramezannezhad, E. Raeisi, Ayat Roostami-far, Arsalan Khaledi-far
Introduction: Acute intoxication is an ongoing health issue worldwide and one of the most prevalent causes of hospital admission. Investigation of the features of acute intoxication occurrence allows for effectively planning preventive measures and required health resources. Objectives: The current study investigated acute intoxication’s demographic and clinical characteristics in an Iranian province. Patients and Methods: An observational case-series study was designed to investigate patients suffering from acute intoxication and admitted to two referral tertiary teaching hospitals over six months. Demographic data, vital parameters comprising neurologic, respiratory, and hemodynamic status, clinical symptoms, and blood analysis data were prospectively recorded. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 21 software. Results: In total, 447 patients were included in the study (3.5% of all emergency admission). The mean age of patients was 33±16 (4-88) years, and 190 (42.6%) patients were female. Seventy percent of patients were under 40 years. The male patients were significantly older than the female ones (P=0.001). Hospital mortality was 2.7%. Circulatory shock and respiratory apnea occurred separately in 13 (2.9%) patients, and alteration in consciousness affected 30%. Reduced arterial blood saturation and visual acuity were observed in 14% and 3.6% of the patients. A cumulative prevalence of electrocardiogram anomalies of 38% was also observed. The most prevalent electrolyte disorder was hypocalcemia (12%), followed by hypokalemia (10%); 17 % of patients were affected by severe blood acidosis. Conclusion: Acute intoxication is a medical emergency with a high risk of death. A multi-organ-based diagnosis and therapeutic approach should be implemented to manage the potentially lethal complications as soon as possible. Effective preventive planning for reducing acute intoxication should be performed concerning the socioeconomic status of the targeted population.
{"title":"Demographic and clinical features of patients suffering acute intoxication with an emphasis on cardiovascular complications; an observational case series","authors":"P. Ramezannezhad, E. Raeisi, Ayat Roostami-far, Arsalan Khaledi-far","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10597","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute intoxication is an ongoing health issue worldwide and one of the most prevalent causes of hospital admission. Investigation of the features of acute intoxication occurrence allows for effectively planning preventive measures and required health resources. Objectives: The current study investigated acute intoxication’s demographic and clinical characteristics in an Iranian province. Patients and Methods: An observational case-series study was designed to investigate patients suffering from acute intoxication and admitted to two referral tertiary teaching hospitals over six months. Demographic data, vital parameters comprising neurologic, respiratory, and hemodynamic status, clinical symptoms, and blood analysis data were prospectively recorded. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 21 software. Results: In total, 447 patients were included in the study (3.5% of all emergency admission). The mean age of patients was 33±16 (4-88) years, and 190 (42.6%) patients were female. Seventy percent of patients were under 40 years. The male patients were significantly older than the female ones (P=0.001). Hospital mortality was 2.7%. Circulatory shock and respiratory apnea occurred separately in 13 (2.9%) patients, and alteration in consciousness affected 30%. Reduced arterial blood saturation and visual acuity were observed in 14% and 3.6% of the patients. A cumulative prevalence of electrocardiogram anomalies of 38% was also observed. The most prevalent electrolyte disorder was hypocalcemia (12%), followed by hypokalemia (10%); 17 % of patients were affected by severe blood acidosis. Conclusion: Acute intoxication is a medical emergency with a high risk of death. A multi-organ-based diagnosis and therapeutic approach should be implemented to manage the potentially lethal complications as soon as possible. Effective preventive planning for reducing acute intoxication should be performed concerning the socioeconomic status of the targeted population.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43831560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is a worldwide challenge; regarding the lack of an effective and efficient drug. It seems that the vaccine is the only modality to save the world from this pandemic. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the effect of vaccination on preventing pulmonary involvement and the disease severity of COVID-19 patients. Patients and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 247 people with coronavirus disease 2019 infection. Demographic characteristics and vaccination status information were collected. Patients’ lung computed tomography scan findings were scored based on the pulmonary involvement percentage, and then according to this score, they were graded into severe, moderate, mild, and without lung involvement. The association between pulmonary involvement and vaccination status were evaluated by Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression. Results: Most participants were male, with a mean age of 53.74 ± 10.96 years. Most people (42.9%) were partial-vaccinated. Lungs in 53.3% were with lung involvement and in 46.6% were without. The correlation between pulmonary involvement and vaccination was significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: Vaccination is an effective and efficient method in preventing coronavirus disease 2019 severity.
{"title":"Immunity due to COVID-19 vaccination and its correlation with lung involvement severity as an indicator of disease severity","authors":"Razieh Mousapour, Mostafa Assarroudi, Y. Khanchemehr, Masoomeh Mehrbarjou, Golmis Abdolmohammadi, Farshad Gharebakhshi, Erfan Ghanbarzadeh, Hussein Soleimantabar","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10591","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is a worldwide challenge; regarding the lack of an effective and efficient drug. It seems that the vaccine is the only modality to save the world from this pandemic. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the effect of vaccination on preventing pulmonary involvement and the disease severity of COVID-19 patients. Patients and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 247 people with coronavirus disease 2019 infection. Demographic characteristics and vaccination status information were collected. Patients’ lung computed tomography scan findings were scored based on the pulmonary involvement percentage, and then according to this score, they were graded into severe, moderate, mild, and without lung involvement. The association between pulmonary involvement and vaccination status were evaluated by Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression. Results: Most participants were male, with a mean age of 53.74 ± 10.96 years. Most people (42.9%) were partial-vaccinated. Lungs in 53.3% were with lung involvement and in 46.6% were without. The correlation between pulmonary involvement and vaccination was significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: Vaccination is an effective and efficient method in preventing coronavirus disease 2019 severity.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42120563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Reza Rezaei, Mohamad Khaledi, Bareza Rezaei, M. Farnia, Hooman Rafiei, Samira Moradi, Pegah Karami, Farshad Gharebakhshi, Farinaz Fattahi
Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent clinical syndrome in hospitalized patients associated with uric acid levels in patients. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between hyperuricemia and the risk of AKI using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed based on PRISMA guidelines. A query on international databases, including Cochrane, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and the Google Scholar search engine, was conducted using relevant keywords. The literature search stage was updated until January 2023. Data were analyzed in STATA 14 software. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered for all tests. Results: A total of 22 articles published from 2006 to 2023 with a sample size of 82469 patients were reviewed. The estimated odds ratio (OR) was 1.96 (95% CI: 1.63, 2.35, P=0.000, I2=89.6%) between hyperuricemia and the risk of AKI and 1.64 (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.20, P=0.012, I2=63.2%) between hyperuricemia and AKI mortality and these relationships were statistically significant. In addition, the OR of hyperuricemia and AKI was 1.96 (95% CI: 0.97, 3.98, P=0.000, I2=97.9%) in males and 2.34 (OR: 2.34; 95% CI: 1.14, 4.78, P=0.000, I2=97.9%) in females. The OR of hyperuricemia and AKI was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.10) in 30-39 years, 2.37 (95% CI: 1.04, 5.42) in 40-49 years, 4.71 (95% CI: 1.29, 17.20) in 50-59 years, 2.07 (95% CI: 1.58, 2.71) in 60-69 years, and 1.42 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.93) in 70-79 years age groups. Conclusion: Hyperuricemia significantly increases the risk of AKI and mortality. Therefore, by reducing the serum level of uric acid, the risks caused by it can be avoided. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID: CRD42023393648).
引言：急性肾损伤（AKI）是住院患者中常见的与患者尿酸水平相关的临床综合征。本研究旨在通过系统综述和荟萃分析方法评估高尿酸血症与AKI风险之间的关系。材料和方法：本系统综述和荟萃分析基于PRISMA指南进行。使用相关关键词对国际数据库进行了查询，包括Cochrane、Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus和Google Scholar搜索引擎。文献检索阶段更新至2023年1月。数据在STATA 14软件中进行分析。所有测试的显著性水平均为P＜0.05。结果：回顾了2006年至2023年发表的22篇文章，样本量为82469名患者。高尿酸血症与AKI风险之间的估计比值比（OR）为1.96（95%CI:1.63,2.35，P=0.000，I2=89.6%），高尿酸症与AKI死亡率之间的估计优势比（OR：1.64；95%CI:1.23,2.20，P=0.012，I2=63.2%），这些关系具有统计学意义。此外，高尿酸血症和AKI的OR在男性中为1.96（95%CI:0.97，3.98，P=0.000，I2=97.9%），在女性中为2.34（OR:2.34；95%CI:1.14，4.78，P=0.0000，I2=97.9%）。高尿酸血症和AKI的OR在30-39岁为1.07（95%CI:1.03,1.10），在40-49岁为2.37（95%CI:10.44,5.42），在50-59岁为4.71（95%CI:1.2917.20），在60-69岁为2.07（95%CI=1.58,2.71），在70-79岁年龄组为1.42（95%CI:1.04,1.93）。结论：高尿酸血症显著增加AKI的发生风险和死亡率。因此，通过降低血清尿酸水平，可以避免由此引起的风险。注册：本研究基于PRISMA检查表编制，其方案已在PROSPERO网站（ID:CRD42023393648）上注册。
{"title":"The association between hyperuricemia and the risk of acute kidney injury; a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Mohammad Reza Rezaei, Mohamad Khaledi, Bareza Rezaei, M. Farnia, Hooman Rafiei, Samira Moradi, Pegah Karami, Farshad Gharebakhshi, Farinaz Fattahi","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10590","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent clinical syndrome in hospitalized patients associated with uric acid levels in patients. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between hyperuricemia and the risk of AKI using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed based on PRISMA guidelines. A query on international databases, including Cochrane, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and the Google Scholar search engine, was conducted using relevant keywords. The literature search stage was updated until January 2023. Data were analyzed in STATA 14 software. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered for all tests. Results: A total of 22 articles published from 2006 to 2023 with a sample size of 82469 patients were reviewed. The estimated odds ratio (OR) was 1.96 (95% CI: 1.63, 2.35, P=0.000, I2=89.6%) between hyperuricemia and the risk of AKI and 1.64 (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.20, P=0.012, I2=63.2%) between hyperuricemia and AKI mortality and these relationships were statistically significant. In addition, the OR of hyperuricemia and AKI was 1.96 (95% CI: 0.97, 3.98, P=0.000, I2=97.9%) in males and 2.34 (OR: 2.34; 95% CI: 1.14, 4.78, P=0.000, I2=97.9%) in females. The OR of hyperuricemia and AKI was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.10) in 30-39 years, 2.37 (95% CI: 1.04, 5.42) in 40-49 years, 4.71 (95% CI: 1.29, 17.20) in 50-59 years, 2.07 (95% CI: 1.58, 2.71) in 60-69 years, and 1.42 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.93) in 70-79 years age groups. Conclusion: Hyperuricemia significantly increases the risk of AKI and mortality. Therefore, by reducing the serum level of uric acid, the risks caused by it can be avoided. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID: CRD42023393648).","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44064662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Sadeghi, M. Mansourian, S. Ebrahimi, Baran Kahid Basiri, Niloofar Nikgoftar, S. Jalali, R. Sami
Introduction: Ne An acute respiratory infection started in Wuhan city of China in December 2019. The pathogen was discovered as a novel coronavirus from the Coronaviridae family and called the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). According to clinical symptoms and laboratory tests, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are categorized as asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe and critical state. Suggested therapies used in moderate to severe COVID-19 disease include corticosteroids, anticoagulation and antiviral drugs (e.g., remdesivir). Objectives: We reviewed the clinical outcomes associated with corticosteroid treatment for COVID-19. Patients and Methods: We planned a retrospective study with 859 patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection who were under treatment at Khorshid hospital affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (from February to May 2020). Results: A total of 859 patients were included in this study. The mean age was 63.33±15.45 years of which 43.8% (n=376) were women. We subcategorized corticosteroids by dose prescribed in smaller groups to show better results. The secondary outcome including the rate of intensive care units (ICUs) admission and death was less with corticosteroid prescription. This study showed, mortality and ICU admission were fewer in patients with ≥51 mg/d and ≥201 mg/d of methylprednisolone therapy, respectively. Conclusion: Based on this study, corticosteroid treatment can reduce both the need for ICU admission and mortality in moderate to severe COVID-19 patients. However, clinical trials are needed to investigate the effect of corticosteroid therapy on the need to mechanically ventilate a patient.
{"title":"Effectiveness of corticosteroid therapy in patients with moderate to severe coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective study","authors":"Sara Sadeghi, M. Mansourian, S. Ebrahimi, Baran Kahid Basiri, Niloofar Nikgoftar, S. Jalali, R. Sami","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10577","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ne An acute respiratory infection started in Wuhan city of China in December 2019. The pathogen was discovered as a novel coronavirus from the Coronaviridae family and called the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). According to clinical symptoms and laboratory tests, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are categorized as asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe and critical state. Suggested therapies used in moderate to severe COVID-19 disease include corticosteroids, anticoagulation and antiviral drugs (e.g., remdesivir). Objectives: We reviewed the clinical outcomes associated with corticosteroid treatment for COVID-19. Patients and Methods: We planned a retrospective study with 859 patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection who were under treatment at Khorshid hospital affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (from February to May 2020). Results: A total of 859 patients were included in this study. The mean age was 63.33±15.45 years of which 43.8% (n=376) were women. We subcategorized corticosteroids by dose prescribed in smaller groups to show better results. The secondary outcome including the rate of intensive care units (ICUs) admission and death was less with corticosteroid prescription. This study showed, mortality and ICU admission were fewer in patients with ≥51 mg/d and ≥201 mg/d of methylprednisolone therapy, respectively. Conclusion: Based on this study, corticosteroid treatment can reduce both the need for ICU admission and mortality in moderate to severe COVID-19 patients. However, clinical trials are needed to investigate the effect of corticosteroid therapy on the need to mechanically ventilate a patient.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47188475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parisa Soleimani, Sepideh Yadollahifarsani, M. Motieian, Mahshid Sadat Chenarani Moghadam, S. Alimohammadi, Azadeh Khayyat, Mohammad Ali Esmaeil pour, Sina Neshat, Narges Alsadat Marashi, Leila Mahmoodnia, Rohollah Masomi
COVID-19 infection has been a global health issue in the past recent years and numerous topics are studied in order to discover its pathophysiology and potential side effects. The potential for disease recurrence following the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine is one of the issues that has recently attracted attention. Several studies have revealed that the COVID-19 vaccines, like other vaccines, may have side effects and, in some cases, they may even deteriorate the underlying illnesses, such as rheumatic diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. The effectiveness and safety of the COVID-19 vaccine for patients with malignancies are one of the factors that are considered regarding this vaccine. Lymph node involvement, disease recurrence, and potential paraclinical changes after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine are some of the concerns of patients with malignancy. In this mini-review, we attempted to investigate cases of cancer recurrence or recovery as well as lymphadenopathy following vaccination.
{"title":"Cancer recurrence or aggravation following COVID-19 vaccination","authors":"Parisa Soleimani, Sepideh Yadollahifarsani, M. Motieian, Mahshid Sadat Chenarani Moghadam, S. Alimohammadi, Azadeh Khayyat, Mohammad Ali Esmaeil pour, Sina Neshat, Narges Alsadat Marashi, Leila Mahmoodnia, Rohollah Masomi","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10593","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 infection has been a global health issue in the past recent years and numerous topics are studied in order to discover its pathophysiology and potential side effects. The potential for disease recurrence following the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine is one of the issues that has recently attracted attention. Several studies have revealed that the COVID-19 vaccines, like other vaccines, may have side effects and, in some cases, they may even deteriorate the underlying illnesses, such as rheumatic diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. The effectiveness and safety of the COVID-19 vaccine for patients with malignancies are one of the factors that are considered regarding this vaccine. Lymph node involvement, disease recurrence, and potential paraclinical changes after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine are some of the concerns of patients with malignancy. In this mini-review, we attempted to investigate cases of cancer recurrence or recovery as well as lymphadenopathy following vaccination.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44887209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohanraj Nehru, Prasanth Subramanian, Vinothkumar Ganesan, R. Janardhanan, Venkataraman Prabhu
Endocrine society has evidence that plastics can disrupt the endocrine system to cause severe diseases in humans and animals. However, plastics are still used in a variety of models for their applications. The overproduction of plastics simultaneously increases health hazards in human and animal living society. The pancreas is an endocrine system to produces insulin to maintain the glucose level in the blood when that insulin level resists or does not synthesize causing diabetes mellitus. It is one of the highest prevalence diseases occurred in worldwide. Sirtuin-1 is a protein involved in glucose homeostasis and it regulates insulin action. In the human body, hampered the level of insulin, sirtuin-1, and glucose cause diabetes and its vascular complications. Furthermore, many researchers evidenced that the endocrine disruptor of bisphenol A (BPA) causes diabetes mellitus and its vascular complications. Nevertheless, the biological pathway is unclear. This review discusses the linkage between the endocrine disruptor of BPA and diabetes and explores Sirtuin-1 mediated BPA-induced diabetic vascular complications.
{"title":"Bisphenol A instigates diminished sirtuin-1 mediated vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Mohanraj Nehru, Prasanth Subramanian, Vinothkumar Ganesan, R. Janardhanan, Venkataraman Prabhu","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10531","url":null,"abstract":"Endocrine society has evidence that plastics can disrupt the endocrine system to cause severe diseases in humans and animals. However, plastics are still used in a variety of models for their applications. The overproduction of plastics simultaneously increases health hazards in human and animal living society. The pancreas is an endocrine system to produces insulin to maintain the glucose level in the blood when that insulin level resists or does not synthesize causing diabetes mellitus. It is one of the highest prevalence diseases occurred in worldwide. Sirtuin-1 is a protein involved in glucose homeostasis and it regulates insulin action. In the human body, hampered the level of insulin, sirtuin-1, and glucose cause diabetes and its vascular complications. Furthermore, many researchers evidenced that the endocrine disruptor of bisphenol A (BPA) causes diabetes mellitus and its vascular complications. Nevertheless, the biological pathway is unclear. This review discusses the linkage between the endocrine disruptor of BPA and diabetes and explores Sirtuin-1 mediated BPA-induced diabetic vascular complications.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43181893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Anandkumar, P. Dheerendra, Deepesh Vellakampadi, Gnanasambandan Ramanathan
Kidney injury is the main cause of mortality and morbidity globally. The kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) is a type 1 transmembrane protein, which is been upregulated during renal injury at high levels in urine, serum, plasma, and tissues and plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of renal diseases. Kidney injury molecule has been used as a marker for the diagnosis of renal disease at an early stage as well as to predict the progression of disease with a clinical outcome. This review article aims to discuss and summarize the available literature data regarding KIM-1 being a potential marker for diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognosis of clinical outcomes and management in kidney diseases. We also discuss the relationship between KIM-1 and kidney injury in a few common renal diseases such as acute pyelonephritis, acute tubular nephrosis (ATN), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and other pathologies.
{"title":"Kidney injury molecule-1; is it a predictive marker for renal diseases?","authors":"D. Anandkumar, P. Dheerendra, Deepesh Vellakampadi, Gnanasambandan Ramanathan","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10572","url":null,"abstract":"Kidney injury is the main cause of mortality and morbidity globally. The kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) is a type 1 transmembrane protein, which is been upregulated during renal injury at high levels in urine, serum, plasma, and tissues and plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of renal diseases. Kidney injury molecule has been used as a marker for the diagnosis of renal disease at an early stage as well as to predict the progression of disease with a clinical outcome. This review article aims to discuss and summarize the available literature data regarding KIM-1 being a potential marker for diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognosis of clinical outcomes and management in kidney diseases. We also discuss the relationship between KIM-1 and kidney injury in a few common renal diseases such as acute pyelonephritis, acute tubular nephrosis (ATN), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and other pathologies.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44518370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Valavi, A. Nickavar, Parisa Amoori, M. Fathi, Bahareh Valavi
Introduction: Steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) is a difficult and troublesome presentation of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children, with complicated management and increased morbidity. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the predictive clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with SDNS, for parents counseling, appropriate management and improving outcome. Patients and Methods: A total of 374 children with steroid sensitive INS were evaluated in two groups as steroid dependent (group 1=199) and non-steroid dependent (group 2= 175) INS. SDNS was defined as ≥2 relapses during steroid reducing treatment or 15 days after discontinuation of corticosteroids. Results: Mean age at presentation was significantly lower in children with SDNS than those without steroid dependency (P=0.022). Diagnostic age less than two years (P=0.016), total relapses (P<0.001), relapse/year (P<0.001), body mass index (BMI) (P=0.002) and serum cholesterol level (P=0.042) were significantly higher in children with SDNS, compared to those with low-frequent relapse. Mean relapse rate decreased significantly in SDNS with immunosuppressive treatment (P<0.001). Conclusion: Age younger than two years at diagnosis, high BMI, high relapse rate/year and hypercholesterolemia at remission are suggested as predictors of SDNS in children with INS.
{"title":"Predictive risk factors of steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome","authors":"E. Valavi, A. Nickavar, Parisa Amoori, M. Fathi, Bahareh Valavi","doi":"10.34172/npj.2023.10571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2023.10571","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) is a difficult and troublesome presentation of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children, with complicated management and increased morbidity. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the predictive clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with SDNS, for parents counseling, appropriate management and improving outcome. Patients and Methods: A total of 374 children with steroid sensitive INS were evaluated in two groups as steroid dependent (group 1=199) and non-steroid dependent (group 2= 175) INS. SDNS was defined as ≥2 relapses during steroid reducing treatment or 15 days after discontinuation of corticosteroids. Results: Mean age at presentation was significantly lower in children with SDNS than those without steroid dependency (P=0.022). Diagnostic age less than two years (P=0.016), total relapses (P<0.001), relapse/year (P<0.001), body mass index (BMI) (P=0.002) and serum cholesterol level (P=0.042) were significantly higher in children with SDNS, compared to those with low-frequent relapse. Mean relapse rate decreased significantly in SDNS with immunosuppressive treatment (P<0.001). Conclusion: Age younger than two years at diagnosis, high BMI, high relapse rate/year and hypercholesterolemia at remission are suggested as predictors of SDNS in children with INS.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44090836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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