Elnaz Golestaneh, A. Hasanpour Dehkordi, Banafsheh Yalameha, P. Noorshargh, Parto Nasri, A. Baradaran
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease associated with the disorders in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids that affect insulin action. Objectives: The present study was designed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of Eryngium caucasicum (Eryngo) extract alone and in combination with metformin (MET) in adult male diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats randomly were designated into five groups (n = 6) including; group I (Control); rats received normal saline by gavage for 15 days. Group II; rats received a single injection of STZ at a dose of 60 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Group III; rats, after STZ injection, received 30 mg/kg of MET by gavage for 15 days. Group IV; rats, after STZ injection, received 30 ml/kg of Eryngo extract by gavage for 15 days. Group V; rats, after STZ injection, received the combination of MET and Eryngo extract at a dose of 30 mg/kg by gavage for 15 days. The kidneys were removed immediately after sacrificing and prepared for morphological examination. Kidney sections were examined for the intensity of kidney damage (vacuolization, flattening, degeneration, and necrosis). Results: Significant differences were observed in types of morphologic injury to renal tubular cells between groups (P < 0.05). Eryngo extract had more protective effect against kidney damage due to DM compared to MET and the combination of MET+Eryngo. Additionally, in pairwise comparisons of groups, the relationship between group II (DM group) and group IV (DM + Eryngo) was significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The administration of MET and Eryngo extract alone and their combination ameliorate types of morphologic injury to renal tubular cells in diabetic rats, however, the renoprotective effect of Eryngo extract alone is more remarkable.
{"title":"The nephroprotective effect of Eryngium caucasicum extract alone and in combination with metformin in adult male diabetic rats","authors":"Elnaz Golestaneh, A. Hasanpour Dehkordi, Banafsheh Yalameha, P. Noorshargh, Parto Nasri, A. Baradaran","doi":"10.34172/npj.2022.10379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2022.10379","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease associated with the disorders in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids that affect insulin action. Objectives: The present study was designed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of Eryngium caucasicum (Eryngo) extract alone and in combination with metformin (MET) in adult male diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats randomly were designated into five groups (n = 6) including; group I (Control); rats received normal saline by gavage for 15 days. Group II; rats received a single injection of STZ at a dose of 60 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Group III; rats, after STZ injection, received 30 mg/kg of MET by gavage for 15 days. Group IV; rats, after STZ injection, received 30 ml/kg of Eryngo extract by gavage for 15 days. Group V; rats, after STZ injection, received the combination of MET and Eryngo extract at a dose of 30 mg/kg by gavage for 15 days. The kidneys were removed immediately after sacrificing and prepared for morphological examination. Kidney sections were examined for the intensity of kidney damage (vacuolization, flattening, degeneration, and necrosis). Results: Significant differences were observed in types of morphologic injury to renal tubular cells between groups (P < 0.05). Eryngo extract had more protective effect against kidney damage due to DM compared to MET and the combination of MET+Eryngo. Additionally, in pairwise comparisons of groups, the relationship between group II (DM group) and group IV (DM + Eryngo) was significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The administration of MET and Eryngo extract alone and their combination ameliorate types of morphologic injury to renal tubular cells in diabetic rats, however, the renoprotective effect of Eryngo extract alone is more remarkable.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43343681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S.mehrdad Kasaei, Zahra Pezeshki, F. Karimi, Z. Lak, S. Choopani, A. Talebi, M. Nematbakhsh
Introduction: Cisplatin (CP) is an anti-cancer drug with the most common side effects of nephrotoxicity. Losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) antagonist and angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) protects the kidney against CP administration in males Moreover, the activity of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) and the incidence of CP induced nephrotoxicity are gender related. Objectives: The role of Ang1-7 and losartan against CP induced nephrotoxicity in female rats was examined. Methods: Thirty-two female Wistar rats in five experimental groups were treated with vehicle, single dose of CP (7.5 mg/kg), CP+losartan (10 ), CP+Ang1-7 (30 μg/kg/d) or CP+Ang1-7+A779 (Mas receptor antagonist, 100 μg/kg/d). The biochemical and histology measurements were conducted one week later. Results: The levels of serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in serum increased insignificantly by CP alone administration. However co-treatment of CP with losartan, Ang1-7, or Ang1-7 plus A779 showed an increase of the serum levels of BUN and Cr, and kidney tissue damage score (KTDS) (P < 0.05) when compared with control groups. Conclusion: The AT1R and Mas receptor (MasR) antagonists and Ang1-7 administration promote the CP induced damage of kidney in female rats, and special attention is needed during CP therapy in hypertensive patients who are treating with anti-hypertensive drug of losartan.
{"title":"Angiotensin 1-7 and losartan worsen the cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in female rats","authors":"S.mehrdad Kasaei, Zahra Pezeshki, F. Karimi, Z. Lak, S. Choopani, A. Talebi, M. Nematbakhsh","doi":"10.34172/npj.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Cisplatin (CP) is an anti-cancer drug with the most common side effects of nephrotoxicity. Losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) antagonist and angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) protects the kidney against CP administration in males Moreover, the activity of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) and the incidence of CP induced nephrotoxicity are gender related. Objectives: The role of Ang1-7 and losartan against CP induced nephrotoxicity in female rats was examined. Methods: Thirty-two female Wistar rats in five experimental groups were treated with vehicle, single dose of CP (7.5 mg/kg), CP+losartan (10 ), CP+Ang1-7 (30 μg/kg/d) or CP+Ang1-7+A779 (Mas receptor antagonist, 100 μg/kg/d). The biochemical and histology measurements were conducted one week later. Results: The levels of serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in serum increased insignificantly by CP alone administration. However co-treatment of CP with losartan, Ang1-7, or Ang1-7 plus A779 showed an increase of the serum levels of BUN and Cr, and kidney tissue damage score (KTDS) (P < 0.05) when compared with control groups. Conclusion: The AT1R and Mas receptor (MasR) antagonists and Ang1-7 administration promote the CP induced damage of kidney in female rats, and special attention is needed during CP therapy in hypertensive patients who are treating with anti-hypertensive drug of losartan.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45455539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elham Ahmadipour, B. Lakkakula, Golnaz Vahdani, R. Tolouian, Hedieh Ragati Haghi, D. Delgado, Luiz Augusto Fernandes da Silva, M. Hafizi
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly defined infectious and highly contagious acute disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is mainly characterized by an acute respiratory disease however it can also affect multiple other organ systems such as the kidney, gastrointestinal tract, heart, vascular system, and the central nervous system. Kidney involvement is frequent in patients with COVID-19 and this review aims to explore the available data on kidney and COVID-19. In conclusion, COVID-19 infection can affect renal function and may cause acute kidney injury (AKI), due to several mechanisms that need to be fully elucidated. As only supportive management strategies are available for treating AKI in COVID-19, it is necessary to identify and preserve renal function during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
{"title":"Understanding kidney injury in COVID-19; a pressing priority","authors":"Elham Ahmadipour, B. Lakkakula, Golnaz Vahdani, R. Tolouian, Hedieh Ragati Haghi, D. Delgado, Luiz Augusto Fernandes da Silva, M. Hafizi","doi":"10.34172/npj.2021.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2021.19","url":null,"abstract":"The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly defined infectious and highly contagious acute disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is mainly characterized by an acute respiratory disease however it can also affect multiple other organ systems such as the kidney, gastrointestinal tract, heart, vascular system, and the central nervous system. Kidney involvement is frequent in patients with COVID-19 and this review aims to explore the available data on kidney and COVID-19. In conclusion, COVID-19 infection can affect renal function and may cause acute kidney injury (AKI), due to several mechanisms that need to be fully elucidated. As only supportive management strategies are available for treating AKI in COVID-19, it is necessary to identify and preserve renal function during SARS-CoV-2 infection.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46608629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Audrey Tolouian, M. Khosravian, Hedieh Ragati Haghi, A. Bolourian, Z. Mojtahedi, Masoumeh Asgharpour, Amirhesam Alirezaei
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel coronavirus, started in livestock within the markets of Wuhan, China and was consequently spread around the world. The virus has been rapidly spread worldwide due to the outbreak. COVID-19 is the third serious coronavirus outbreak in less than 20 years after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012. The novel virus has a nucleotide identity closer to that of the SARS coronavirus than that of the MERS coronavirus. Since there is still no vaccine, the main ways to improve personal immunity against this disease are prophylactic care and self-resistance including an increased personal hygiene, a healthy lifestyle, an adequate nutritional intake, a sufficient rest, and wearing medical masks and increasing time spent in well ventilated areas. There is a need for novel antivirals that are highly efficient and economical for the management and control of viral infections when vaccines and standard therapies are absent. Herbal medicines and purified natural products have the potential to offer some measure of resistance as the development of novel antiviral drugs continues. In this review, we evaluated 41 articles related to herbal products which seemed to be effective in the prevention or treatment of COVID-19.
{"title":"Herbal medicines in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","authors":"Audrey Tolouian, M. Khosravian, Hedieh Ragati Haghi, A. Bolourian, Z. Mojtahedi, Masoumeh Asgharpour, Amirhesam Alirezaei","doi":"10.34172/NPJ.2021.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/NPJ.2021.18","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel coronavirus, started in livestock within the markets of Wuhan, China and was consequently spread around the world. The virus has been rapidly spread worldwide due to the outbreak. COVID-19 is the third serious coronavirus outbreak in less than 20 years after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012. The novel virus has a nucleotide identity closer to that of the SARS coronavirus than that of the MERS coronavirus. Since there is still no vaccine, the main ways to improve personal immunity against this disease are prophylactic care and self-resistance including an increased personal hygiene, a healthy lifestyle, an adequate nutritional intake, a sufficient rest, and wearing medical masks and increasing time spent in well ventilated areas. There is a need for novel antivirals that are highly efficient and economical for the management and control of viral infections when vaccines and standard therapies are absent. Herbal medicines and purified natural products have the potential to offer some measure of resistance as the development of novel antiviral drugs continues. In this review, we evaluated 41 articles related to herbal products which seemed to be effective in the prevention or treatment of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47593168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Zununi Vahed, Alessandra Cremaschi, Behzad Zaker, Seyed Sadroddin Rasi Hashemi, M. Ardalan
A plasma protease, ADAMTS13, cleaves the von Willebrand factor (VWF) and its deficiency is associated with the pathogenesis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). According to the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), about 150 mutations have been identified in the ADAMTS13 gene. A 23-year-old man, with hematuria and gingival bleeding was admitted to our University Hospital. Four years ago he was diagnosed with a TTP history. During these years, he was under intermittent plasma exchange. A blood sample was taken for genetic study. He effectively responded to one session of fresh frozen plasma replacement and plasma exchange. Genetic study indicated that this case carries two heterozygous mutations in ADAMTS13 gene; a novel splicing variant (c.2610+5G>A) and a nonsense p.Arg910X mutation that previously is reported to relate to TTP. The novel variant predicted to result in an aberrant ADAMTS13 transcript processing.
{"title":"ADAMTS13 gene; a novel splicing site mutation in a case with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura","authors":"S. Zununi Vahed, Alessandra Cremaschi, Behzad Zaker, Seyed Sadroddin Rasi Hashemi, M. Ardalan","doi":"10.34172/NPJ.2021.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/NPJ.2021.17","url":null,"abstract":"A plasma protease, ADAMTS13, cleaves the von Willebrand factor (VWF) and its deficiency is associated with the pathogenesis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). According to the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), about 150 mutations have been identified in the ADAMTS13 gene. A 23-year-old man, with hematuria and gingival bleeding was admitted to our University Hospital. Four years ago he was diagnosed with a TTP history. During these years, he was under intermittent plasma exchange. A blood sample was taken for genetic study. He effectively responded to one session of fresh frozen plasma replacement and plasma exchange. Genetic study indicated that this case carries two heterozygous mutations in ADAMTS13 gene; a novel splicing variant (c.2610+5G>A) and a nonsense p.Arg910X mutation that previously is reported to relate to TTP. The novel variant predicted to result in an aberrant ADAMTS13 transcript processing.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43769977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Metabolic bone disorder is an abnormality of bones indicated by reduced bone mass and high risk of fractures. Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that the local bone tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is directly involved in bone metabolism and influences the bone health. This review aimed to assess the role of RAS in bone metabolism and comparative effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in reducing the bone fractures. In summary, the clinical trials, in vivo studies, and functional - pharmacological experiments suggested that the RAS regulates bone marrow metabolism and influences the bone health. Hence, it warrants further investigation on the role of ACEIs and ARBs in reducing risk fractures.
{"title":"Potential of renin-angiotensin system inhibition to improve metabolic bone disorders","authors":"M. Momenzadeh, M. Khosravian, B. Lakkakula","doi":"10.34172/NPJ.2021.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/NPJ.2021.16","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic bone disorder is an abnormality of bones indicated by reduced bone mass and high risk of fractures. Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that the local bone tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is directly involved in bone metabolism and influences the bone health. This review aimed to assess the role of RAS in bone metabolism and comparative effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in reducing the bone fractures. In summary, the clinical trials, in vivo studies, and functional - pharmacological experiments suggested that the RAS regulates bone marrow metabolism and influences the bone health. Hence, it warrants further investigation on the role of ACEIs and ARBs in reducing risk fractures.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45353633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Nephropathy as a consequence of congenital heart disease (CHD), especially cyanotic heart disease, has been detected since past decades. However, lack of a diagnostic method at early stages of the disease, caused patients referring when nephropathy is established and also complicated with severe proteinuria and renal failure. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is known as one of the newest biomarkers for early detection of renal parenchymal damage. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the role of urinary NGAL level in early detection of nephropathy in pediatrics with CHD. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate urinary NGAL as a potential biomarker for the early detection of renal involvement in children with CHD. Patients and Methods: In this case–control study, urinary NGAL levels of 42 children with CHD (case group) and 42 healthy children (control group) with the matched ages were measured. Afterward, we compared mean urinary NGAL levels between these two groups to find a possible significant difference. Results: In this study, mean urinary NGAL level in patients with CHD and healthy children was 3.83 μg/mL and 1.87 μg/mL, respectively. Although the mean urine NGAL level was higher in children with CHD compared to healthy children, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: in this study, it can be concluded that, urinary NGAL level cannot be used as an early diagnostic test of nephropathy in children with CHD.
{"title":"Evaluation of urinary NGAL level in children with congenital heart disease as a possible early indicator of nephropathy","authors":"H. Momtaz, A. Tanasan, Majid Godini","doi":"10.34172/NPJ.2021.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/NPJ.2021.14","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Nephropathy as a consequence of congenital heart disease (CHD), especially cyanotic heart disease, has been detected since past decades. However, lack of a diagnostic method at early stages of the disease, caused patients referring when nephropathy is established and also complicated with severe proteinuria and renal failure. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is known as one of the newest biomarkers for early detection of renal parenchymal damage. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the role of urinary NGAL level in early detection of nephropathy in pediatrics with CHD. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate urinary NGAL as a potential biomarker for the early detection of renal involvement in children with CHD. Patients and Methods: In this case–control study, urinary NGAL levels of 42 children with CHD (case group) and 42 healthy children (control group) with the matched ages were measured. Afterward, we compared mean urinary NGAL levels between these two groups to find a possible significant difference. Results: In this study, mean urinary NGAL level in patients with CHD and healthy children was 3.83 μg/mL and 1.87 μg/mL, respectively. Although the mean urine NGAL level was higher in children with CHD compared to healthy children, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: in this study, it can be concluded that, urinary NGAL level cannot be used as an early diagnostic test of nephropathy in children with CHD.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49614637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Razavi, Kamal Eshagh Hossaini, Neda Bayatani, Mohsen Akhavan Sepahi, S. Arsang-Jang
Introduction: Delayed diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis and its differentiation from cystitis can lead to irreversible complications in renal tissue, hypertension and even renal failure. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of platelet volume in acute pyelonephritis. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 children with febrile acute urinary tract infection (UTI) referred to our educational hospital in Qom, Iran. Individuals with inclusion criteria were examined for mean platelet volume (MPV), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts. Additionally, Tc 99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid scan (DMSA scan) was used as the gold standard for differentiation of cystitis from acute pyelonephritis. Urine culture was also used to confirm diagnosis of UTI. Results: The mean age of the participants was two years with a range of two months to 13 years. The MPV (P=0.001), CRP (P=0.001), ESR (P=0.001), platelet (P=0.013) and WBC count (P=0.001) were significantly higher in the pyelonephritis group compared to cystitis group. We showed that MPV has similar potency in differentiating pyelonephritis from cystitis compared to other inflammatory markers; however CRP was more accurate than other markers. The cut-off point for MPV was estimated 7.8 fl, with sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 92.7%, and positive predictive value of 92.6%. Conclusion: The high level of ESR is a risk factor to develop pyelonephritis. MPV as an inflammatory marker is similar to that of other inflammatory markers in segregating pyelonephritis in children, although further studies are needed to confirm the results of this study.
{"title":"The predictability of mean platelet volume as a biomarker of pyelonephritis among pediatrics with urinary tract infection","authors":"M. Razavi, Kamal Eshagh Hossaini, Neda Bayatani, Mohsen Akhavan Sepahi, S. Arsang-Jang","doi":"10.34172/NPJ.2021.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/NPJ.2021.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Delayed diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis and its differentiation from cystitis can lead to irreversible complications in renal tissue, hypertension and even renal failure. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of platelet volume in acute pyelonephritis. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 children with febrile acute urinary tract infection (UTI) referred to our educational hospital in Qom, Iran. Individuals with inclusion criteria were examined for mean platelet volume (MPV), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts. Additionally, Tc 99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid scan (DMSA scan) was used as the gold standard for differentiation of cystitis from acute pyelonephritis. Urine culture was also used to confirm diagnosis of UTI. Results: The mean age of the participants was two years with a range of two months to 13 years. The MPV (P=0.001), CRP (P=0.001), ESR (P=0.001), platelet (P=0.013) and WBC count (P=0.001) were significantly higher in the pyelonephritis group compared to cystitis group. We showed that MPV has similar potency in differentiating pyelonephritis from cystitis compared to other inflammatory markers; however CRP was more accurate than other markers. The cut-off point for MPV was estimated 7.8 fl, with sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 92.7%, and positive predictive value of 92.6%. Conclusion: The high level of ESR is a risk factor to develop pyelonephritis. MPV as an inflammatory marker is similar to that of other inflammatory markers in segregating pyelonephritis in children, although further studies are needed to confirm the results of this study.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47515754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Metformin is the best proven first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2DM), based on both national and international guidelines. The present systematic review is aimed to examine the acute kidney injury (AKI) risk associated with metformin. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE, PubMed and google scholar, to retrieve the literature related to the metformin use. A bibliographic management software (Endnote X9) was used for managing the literature. The following keywords were used: "Acute renal injury OR ARI", "Acute kidney injury OR AKI"," Metformin", " Type 2 diabetes mellitus OR T2DM", "Diabetic patients", "Renal function", "CKD". Results: About 28 relevant articles were found during the electronic and manual search. Finally, a total of four articles that fulfill the inclusion criteria were used for this systematic literature review. There is no evidence to suggest that metformin increases the incidence of AKI and is associated with an increased survival of 28 days following AKI event. Further, there was no difference in the incidence of AKI in patients who continued metformin after arterial contrast exposure compared with the control group. Conclusion: In summary, there is no evidence that metformin increases the incidence of AKI. More clinical trials are needed in this area, to investigate more evidence so that we can better understand the outcome.
{"title":"Metformin induced acute kidney injury; a systematic review","authors":"M. Momenzadeh, B. Lakkakula","doi":"10.34172/NPJ.2021.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/NPJ.2021.13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Metformin is the best proven first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2DM), based on both national and international guidelines. The present systematic review is aimed to examine the acute kidney injury (AKI) risk associated with metformin. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE, PubMed and google scholar, to retrieve the literature related to the metformin use. A bibliographic management software (Endnote X9) was used for managing the literature. The following keywords were used: \"Acute renal injury OR ARI\", \"Acute kidney injury OR AKI\",\" Metformin\", \" Type 2 diabetes mellitus OR T2DM\", \"Diabetic patients\", \"Renal function\", \"CKD\". Results: About 28 relevant articles were found during the electronic and manual search. Finally, a total of four articles that fulfill the inclusion criteria were used for this systematic literature review. There is no evidence to suggest that metformin increases the incidence of AKI and is associated with an increased survival of 28 days following AKI event. Further, there was no difference in the incidence of AKI in patients who continued metformin after arterial contrast exposure compared with the control group. Conclusion: In summary, there is no evidence that metformin increases the incidence of AKI. More clinical trials are needed in this area, to investigate more evidence so that we can better understand the outcome.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41311065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elahe Aleebrahim-Dehkordi, E. Mazaheri, B. Roshan, B. Lakkakula, A. Hasanpour-Dehkordi, M. Khosravian, A. Pezeshgi
Increasing awareness regarding CKD and self-care during COVID-19 pandemic has become the most important aspect for the nephrologists. Hence it is appropriate that the theme of the forthcoming World Kidney Day on 11 March 2021 should be "Strive for kidney health for everyone during COVID-19"
{"title":"Strive for kidney health for everyone during COVID-19; the possible theme for the world kidney day 2021","authors":"Elahe Aleebrahim-Dehkordi, E. Mazaheri, B. Roshan, B. Lakkakula, A. Hasanpour-Dehkordi, M. Khosravian, A. Pezeshgi","doi":"10.34172/npj.2021.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2021.12","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing awareness regarding CKD and self-care during COVID-19 pandemic has become the most important aspect for the nephrologists. Hence it is appropriate that the theme of the forthcoming World Kidney Day on 11 March 2021 should be \"Strive for kidney health for everyone during COVID-19\"","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43515749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：