Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology最新文献

The effect of the yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanoparticle loading in an electro-less bath was considered as one of the vital synthesis variables for control Ni content and microstructure of prepared nanocomposite particles, which are two crucial factors to achieving high-performance SOFC anode. Nanocomposite particles were prepared using a simple electroless method without any expensive pretreatment of sensitizing by Sn²+ ions as well as activating by Pd²⁺ ions that are usually used to apply nickel coating on the surface of a non-conductive substrate. The process was performed by adding YSZ nanoparticles into NaOH solution, separating them from the solution by the centrifugal method, then providing several water-based nanofluids with different concentrations of activated YSZ nanoparticles, mixing them with NiCI₂ solution, followed by adding the hydrazine and then NaOH solution. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis were used to analyze the prepared nanocomposite particles. It is observed that after adding YSZ nanoparticles into the NaOH solution, the pH of the solution varied gradually from a starting pH of 10.2 to 9. Also, by increasing the YSZ nanoparticles loading in the electroless bath from 76 mg/l to 126 mg/l, the grain size of Ni deposits, the Ni content and the average size of the prepared nanocomposite particles decreased. The electrochemical mechanism previously proposed for the nickel ion reduction was modified, and a novel analytical model was proposed for variation of the efficiency of Ni deposition with YSZ nanoparticles loading.

This research aimed to prepare ¹⁶⁶Dy₂O₃-iPSMA/¹⁶⁶Ho₂O₃-iPSMA nanoparticles (¹⁶⁶Dy₂O₃/¹⁶⁶Ho₂O₃-iPSMA NPs) and assess the radiation absorbed dose produced by the nanosystem to hepatic cancer cells by using experimental in vitro and in vivo biokinetic data. Dy₂O₃NPs were synthesized and functionalized with the prostate-specific membrane antigen inhibitor peptide (iPSMA). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DSL) and zeta potential analyses indicated the formation of Dy₂O₃-iPSMA NPs (46.11 ± 13.24 nm). After neutron activation, a stable ¹⁶⁶Dy₂O₃/¹⁶⁶Ho₂O₃- iPSMA nanosystem was obtained, which showed adequate affinity to the PSMA receptor in HepG2 cancer cells (K_d = 9.87 ± 2.27 nM). in vitro studies indicated high ¹⁶⁶Dy₂O₃/¹⁶⁶Ho₂O₃-iPSMA internalization in cancer cells, with high radiation doses to cell nuclei (107 Gy) and cytotoxic effects, resulting in a significant reduction in HepG2 cell viability (decreasing to 2.12 ± 0.31%). After intratumoral administration in mice, the nanosystem biokinetic profile indicated significant retention into the tumoral mass, producing ablative radiation doses (>70 Gy).

This study investigated icariin (ICA) nanoparticles on angiogenesis in rats with pulmonary fibrosis and its mechanism. First, icariin solid nanoliposomes (ICA-SLN) were prepared. The in vitrorelease of icariin nanoparticles was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, after which the plasma concentration of icariin nanoparticles in rats was determined. The bioavailability of icariin nanoparticles was investigated, and the effect of icariin on angiogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis rats was re-observed. The results showed that the bioavailability of icariin in vivo was enhanced after nanomodification, which indicated that icariin solid nanoliposome was a good choice for oral sustained-release nanocarrier materials. in vivo experiments showed that icariin could significantly inhibit angiogenesis in rats with pulmonary fibrosis, and the inhibitory effect was related to the dose and time of action. Most importantly, this study provides the possibility of icariin as a targeted agent for future-targeted therapy.

Zinc sulfide nanospheres (ZnS NSs) were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by the Hummer's method. ZnS NSs-rGO/ITO electrode was synthesized by heat treatment at a certain temperature, which was used for the detailed electrochemical determination of levodopa (LD). Finally, they were annealed to form the ZnS NSs-rGO/ITO electrode for detecting levodopa (LD). The results reveal that the ZnS NSs with the diameter of ~1 μm are covered by rGO. The ZnS NSs-rGO/ITO electrode has a good sensitivity of 1.43 μA μM ^-1 for the determination of LD in the concentration range of 1-40 μM. Moreover, it also shows a good selectivity, reproducibility and stability. In order to verify the practicability, we also use the electrode to detect LD in human serum. The detection results also prove that the electrode can be used in real life.

In this study, spinel NiCe_xFe_2-XO₄ (x = 0.0 - 0.5) nanoparticles (NPs) was synthesized by microwave combustion technique (MCT) utilizing the fuel of Aloe vera plant extract. The establishment of spinel cubic crystal structure was ensured by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique. The particles like nanostructured morphology were confirmed by high-resolution scanning electron microscope (HRSEM). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) studies confirmed the formation of spinel ferrite structure and ensured that no other elements were present. Magnetic parameters such as remanant magnetisation (Mr), coercivity (He) and saturation magnetization (Ms) were calculated from the magnetic hysteresis (M-H) loops, which exhibited ferromagnetic behaviour. The photocatalytic behavior was investigated by visible light treatment for the photocatalytic degradation (PCD) of rhodamine B (Rh-B) dye and the sample NiCe_0.3Fe_1.7O₄ exhibits higher PCD efficiency (93.88%) than other compositions. The antibacterial activities of gram-positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, gramnegative K. pneumonia and E. coli have been investigated using undoped and Ce³⁺ substituted NiFe₂O₄ NPs and observed higher activity, which indicated that, they can be used in the bio-medical applications.

For the development of drugs that treat SARS-CoV-2, the fastest way is to find potential molecules from drugs already on the market. Unfortunately, there is currently no specific drug or treatment for COVID-19. Among all structural proteins in SARS-CoV, the spike protein is the main antigenic component responsible for inducing host immune responses, neutralizing antibodies, and/or protecting immunity against virus infection. Molecular docking is a technique used to predict whether a molecule will bind to another. It is usually a protein to another or a protein to a binding compound. Natural products are potential binders in several studies involving coronavirus. The structure of the ligand plays a fundamental role in its biological properties. The nuclear magnetic resonance technique is one of the most powerful tools for the structural determination of ligands from the origin of natural products. Nowadays, molecular modeling is an important accessory tool to experimentally got nuclear magnetic resonance data. In the present work, molecular docking studies aimed is to investigate the limiting affinities of trans-dehydrocrotonin molecule and to identify the main amino acid residues that could play a fundamental role in their mechanism of action of the SARS-CoV spike protein. Another aim of this work is all about to evaluate 10 hybrid functionalities, along with three base pairs using computational programs to discover which ones are more reliable with the experimental result the best computational method to study organic compounds. We compared the results between the mean absolute deviation (MAD) and root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of the molecules, and the smallest number between them was the best result. The positions assumed by the ligands in the active site of the spike glycoprotein allow assuming associations with different local amino acids.

At present, compared with other antibiotic degradation systems, there are few literatures on pho- tocatalytic degradation of sulfadiazine (SDZ). In this research, it was firstly discovered that the oxygen-rich bismuth oxybromide (Bi₂₄O₃₁ Br₁₀) photocatalyst can efficiently degrade SDZ under simulated sunlight. In this paper, the prepared Bi₂₄O₃₁Br₁₀ photocatalyst by mixed solvothermal method represented outstanding photocatalytic performance. The catalyst synthesized at 120 °C and pH = 10 showed optimum degradation function in the samples prepared at various temperatures and pH value. After 3 h of irradiation, 96.2% of SDZ solution could be decomposed. The effects of preparation conditions, catalyst dosage, initial SDZ concentration and initial SDZ pH value on photocatalytic degradation efficiency were investigated systematically. Besides, the effect of active species was studied by trapping tests, and it was concluded that 'O₂ contributes the most to the photocatalytic process. A possible photocatalytic degradation mechanism was proposed.

This study aimed to investigate the applicability of carbon nanoparticle tracers in the lateral neck lymph nodes of CN1bx patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma surgery. 73 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma at our hospital between January 2019 to December 2019 were suspected metastasis in the lateral neck lymph node before surgical treatment. During the operation, carbon nanoparticle tracers were used as black staining tracers for the lateral neck lymph nodes to detect metastasis in each Compartment of the neck. The lateral Compartment is defined as level ll-V The black-stained lymph nodes, dyed by Carbon nanoparticle tracers, and non-dyed lymph nodes were compared. Post-surgery paraffin pathology was adopted as the gold standard to calculate the predictive performance of the carbon nanoparticle tracers in detecting lymph node biopsy metastasis. 59 of the patients (80.8%) had lateral neck metastasis. The black-stained lymph nodes, dyed by Carbon nanoparticle tracers, in Compartment IV exhibited the highest proportions in the case number submitted for detection and in lymph nodes metastasis, followed by Compartment III. The metastasis rate of the dyed lymph nodes in areas III and IV was significantly higher than that of non-dyed lymph nodes (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and accuracy of the dyed lymph node biopsy in Compartments III-IV were 90% and 93.2%, respectively. This predictive performance was similar to that Compartments ll-V combined. In conclusion, when carbon nanoparticle tracers are used for lymph node biopsy, high sensitivity and accuracy are obtained in lateral neck compartments III-IV, making these compartments ideal for lymph node biopsy.

Recently the applications of Poloxamers in drug development is promising as it facilitated the drug molecule for delivering to the correct place, at the correct time and in the correct amount. Poloxamers can form nanomicelles to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs in order to increase solubility, stability and facilitate delivery at target. In this context, the solubilization of anticonvulsant lamotrigine (LMN) drug in a chain of Poloxamers containing different polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide noieties were examined. The results showed better solubilization of LMN in Poloxamers contain low CMTs while poor with Poloxamers having high CMTs. Systematic investigation of two mixed Poloxamer nanomicelles (P407:P403 and P407:P105) for LMN bioavailability at body temperature (37 °C) were investigated. The solubility of LMN was enhanced in mixed P407:P403 nanomicelles with the amount of P403 and reduced in mixed P407:P105 nanomicelles with the amount of P105. LMN encapsulated mixed Poloxamer nanomicelles were found spherical in shape with ~25 nm D_h sizes. The In-Vitro release profiles of mixed Poloxamer nanomicelles demonstrated the biphasic model with initial burst release and then slowly release of LMN. Better biocompatibility of LMN in the mixed P407:P403 nanomicelles was confirmed with stability data. The results of this work were proven the mixed P407:P403 nanomicelles as efficient nanocarriers for LMN.

Pulse-modulated plasma etching of copper masked using SIO₂ films was conducted via a CH₃COOH/Ar. The etch characteristics were examined under pulse-modulated plasma. As the duty ratio of pulse decreased and the frequency of pulse increased, the etch selectivity and etch profile were improved. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and indicated that more copper oxides (Cu₂O and CuO) and Cu(CH₃COO)₂ were formed using pulse-modulated plasma than those formed using continuous-wave (CW) plasma. As the concentration of CH3COOH gas in pulse-modulated plasma increased, the formation of these copper compounds increased, which improved the etch profiles. Optical emission spectroscopy confirmed that the active ingredients of the plasma increased with decreasing pulse duty ratio and increasing frequency. Therefore, the optimized pulsed plasma etching of copper via a CH₃COOH/Ar gas provides better etch profile than that by CW plasma etching.