Rajesh Kumar Gupta, Ashutosh Gupta, Daniel S. Um, Zarrin Khameh Neda
{"title":"Myasthenia gravis and numb chin syndrome with lung carcinoma","authors":"Rajesh Kumar Gupta, Ashutosh Gupta, Daniel S. Um, Zarrin Khameh Neda","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_387_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_387_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"31 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135322526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The profile of seizures in neurocutaneous syndromes is variable. We aimed to define the characteristics of epilepsy in children with neurocutaneous syndromes. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study over 18 months at a tertiary care pediatric hospital, including children with neurocutaneous syndromes aged between 1 and 15 years, using the 2017-International League Against Epilepsy classification. Results: In 119 children with neurocutaneous syndromes, 94 (79%) had epilepsy. In eight children with neurofibromatosis one with epilepsy, 5 (62.5%) had generalized motor tonic-clonic seizures, 1 (12.5%) had generalized motor epileptic spasms, 1 (12.5%) had generalized motor automatism, and 1 (12.5%) had a focal seizure. In 69 children with tuberous sclerosis complex with epilepsy, 30 (43.5%) had generalized motor epileptic spasms, 23 (33.3%) had focal seizures, and nine (13.0%) had generalized motor tonic-clonic seizures. In 14 children with Sturge–Weber syndrome with epilepsy, 13 (92.8%) had focal seizures, and 1 (7.2%) had generalized motor tonic seizures. Statistically significant associations were found between epilepsy and intellectual disability ( P = 0.02) and behavioral problems ( P = 0.00). Conclusion: Profiling seizures in children with neurocutaneous syndromes are paramount in devising target-specific treatments as the epileptogenesis in each syndrome differs in the molecular pathways leading to the hyperexcitability state. Further multicentric studies are required to unravel better insights into the epilepsy profile of neurocutaneous syndromes.
{"title":"The profile of epilepsy and its characteristics in children with neurocutaneous syndromes","authors":"Lokesh Saini, Swetlana Mukherjee, Pradeep Kumar Gunasekaran, Arushi Gahlot Saini, Chirag Ahuja, Indar Kumar Sharawat, Rajni Sharma, Ankita Bhati, Renu Suthar, Jitendra Kumar Sahu, Naveen Sankhyan","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_510_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_510_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The profile of seizures in neurocutaneous syndromes is variable. We aimed to define the characteristics of epilepsy in children with neurocutaneous syndromes. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study over 18 months at a tertiary care pediatric hospital, including children with neurocutaneous syndromes aged between 1 and 15 years, using the 2017-International League Against Epilepsy classification. Results: In 119 children with neurocutaneous syndromes, 94 (79%) had epilepsy. In eight children with neurofibromatosis one with epilepsy, 5 (62.5%) had generalized motor tonic-clonic seizures, 1 (12.5%) had generalized motor epileptic spasms, 1 (12.5%) had generalized motor automatism, and 1 (12.5%) had a focal seizure. In 69 children with tuberous sclerosis complex with epilepsy, 30 (43.5%) had generalized motor epileptic spasms, 23 (33.3%) had focal seizures, and nine (13.0%) had generalized motor tonic-clonic seizures. In 14 children with Sturge–Weber syndrome with epilepsy, 13 (92.8%) had focal seizures, and 1 (7.2%) had generalized motor tonic seizures. Statistically significant associations were found between epilepsy and intellectual disability ( P = 0.02) and behavioral problems ( P = 0.00). Conclusion: Profiling seizures in children with neurocutaneous syndromes are paramount in devising target-specific treatments as the epileptogenesis in each syndrome differs in the molecular pathways leading to the hyperexcitability state. Further multicentric studies are required to unravel better insights into the epilepsy profile of neurocutaneous syndromes.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135781468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meningioma getting a common presentation in uncommon Cowden syndrome: A case report","authors":"Ashis Patnaik, Naina Pattnaik, Arunkumar Sekar, Dhirendra Kumar Singh","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_305_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_305_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foramen magnum decompression (FMD) is a standard neurosurgical procedure, typically utilized to treat Chiari malformation. The aim of this educational project was to develop and validate a low-cost FMD simulation training model. Mold-based methods were used to develop a prototype. Feasibility was tested during an FMD training session for 17 neurosurgery trainees. Face and content validity were assessed through a Likert Scale. The perceived training benefit was determined using the Physician Performance Diagnostic Inventory Scale (PPDIS). A total of 87.5% successfully removed the C1 arch, 81.3% successfully performed an FMD, and 68.8% avoided injury to the underlying structures. The model scored highly for visual and tactile realism. The median confidence rating on PPDIS significantly improved from early learner to competent. We demonstrate feasibility, content, and face validity. Furthermore, this is a low-cost, portable model that can be easily replicated and used for simulation training.
{"title":"An inexpensive foramen magnum decompression training tool: Feasibility and validation study","authors":"Eleanor M. Moncur, Mary Murphy, Claudia L. Craven","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_480_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_480_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Foramen magnum decompression (FMD) is a standard neurosurgical procedure, typically utilized to treat Chiari malformation. The aim of this educational project was to develop and validate a low-cost FMD simulation training model. Mold-based methods were used to develop a prototype. Feasibility was tested during an FMD training session for 17 neurosurgery trainees. Face and content validity were assessed through a Likert Scale. The perceived training benefit was determined using the Physician Performance Diagnostic Inventory Scale (PPDIS). A total of 87.5% successfully removed the C1 arch, 81.3% successfully performed an FMD, and 68.8% avoided injury to the underlying structures. The model scored highly for visual and tactile realism. The median confidence rating on PPDIS significantly improved from early learner to competent. We demonstrate feasibility, content, and face validity. Furthermore, this is a low-cost, portable model that can be easily replicated and used for simulation training.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Pesticide application has become necessary to increase crop productivity and reduce losses. However, the use of these products can produce toxic effects. Farmers are individuals occupationally exposed to pesticides, thus subject to associated diseases as well as cognitive impairment. However, this relation is not well established in the literature, requiring further investigation. To assess the potential association between farmers’ pesticide exposure and cognitive impairment, we followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, considering participants, interventions, comparators, outcomes, and study strategies. Materials and Methods: This study included articles published between 2000 and 2021 on the Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases, retrieved by the terms “ pesticides and cognition ” and “ pesticides and memory .” Results: In total, ten studies fit the established criteria and were included in the sample. All had farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides in their sample and only one study dispensed with a control group. Of the neurobehavioral tests, four studies used mini-mental state examination, six neurobehavioral core test batteries (tests recognized in the area), and the remaining, other tests. We observed that 90% of articles found an association between cognitive impairment and pesticide exposure. Overall, five studies measured the activity of cholinesterases in their sample, of which three found significant differences between groups, confirming intoxication in those exposed. Conclusion: Despite the limited number of trials, we found scientific evidence to support the existence of adverse effects of pesticides on farmers’ cognition. We recommend that future studies research similar projects, expanding knowledge on the subject.
目的:农药的施用已成为提高作物生产力和减少损失的必要条件。然而，使用这些产品会产生毒性作用。农民是职业上接触农药的个体，因此易患相关疾病和认知障碍。然而，这种关系在文献中并没有很好地建立，需要进一步的研究。为了评估农民农药暴露与认知障碍之间的潜在关联，我们遵循了系统评价和荟萃分析(PRISMA)指南的首选报告项目，考虑了参与者、干预措施、比较物、结果和研究策略。材料与方法:本研究纳入了2000年至2021年间发表在Scopus、Web of Science、ScienceDirect和PubMed数据库上的论文，检索词为“农药与认知”和“农药与记忆”。结果:总共有10篇研究符合所建立的标准并被纳入样本。所有研究的样本中都有农民在职业上接触杀虫剂，只有一项研究没有对照组。在神经行为测试中，有四项研究使用了小型精神状态测试，六项研究使用了神经行为核心测试(该领域公认的测试)，其余的研究使用了其他测试。我们观察到90%的文章发现认知障碍与农药接触之间存在关联。总的来说，有五项研究测量了样本中胆碱酯酶的活性，其中三项发现了组间的显著差异，证实了暴露者的中毒。结论:尽管试验数量有限，但我们发现了支持农药对农民认知存在不良影响的科学证据。我们建议未来的研究研究类似的项目，扩大知识的主题。
{"title":"Influence of pesticide exposure on farmers’ cognition: A systematic review","authors":"Suelen Finhler, Gabriela Putton Marchesan, Cristian Ferreira Corona, Andressa Talita Nunes, Karen Cristine Silva De Oliveira, Amanda Tapia de Moraes, Letiére Cabreira Soares, Fernanda Oliveira Lima, Camila Dalmolin, Dalila Moter Benvegnú","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_58_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_58_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Pesticide application has become necessary to increase crop productivity and reduce losses. However, the use of these products can produce toxic effects. Farmers are individuals occupationally exposed to pesticides, thus subject to associated diseases as well as cognitive impairment. However, this relation is not well established in the literature, requiring further investigation. To assess the potential association between farmers’ pesticide exposure and cognitive impairment, we followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, considering participants, interventions, comparators, outcomes, and study strategies. Materials and Methods: This study included articles published between 2000 and 2021 on the Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases, retrieved by the terms “ pesticides and cognition ” and “ pesticides and memory .” Results: In total, ten studies fit the established criteria and were included in the sample. All had farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides in their sample and only one study dispensed with a control group. Of the neurobehavioral tests, four studies used mini-mental state examination, six neurobehavioral core test batteries (tests recognized in the area), and the remaining, other tests. We observed that 90% of articles found an association between cognitive impairment and pesticide exposure. Overall, five studies measured the activity of cholinesterases in their sample, of which three found significant differences between groups, confirming intoxication in those exposed. Conclusion: Despite the limited number of trials, we found scientific evidence to support the existence of adverse effects of pesticides on farmers’ cognition. We recommend that future studies research similar projects, expanding knowledge on the subject.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136114402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jishnu Narayanan Nair, Rav Tej Bathala, Visvanathan Krishnaswamy, Shriraam Mahadevan
Tanycytic ependymomas mostly occur in the spinal cord and it is the rarest histological subtype of ependymoma. A 29-year-old male was referred from the infertility clinic after serum prolactin levels were found to be elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed an irregular necrotic lesion in the periventricular region of the left parietal lobe which had an intraventricular component and associated perilesional edema. In addition, a sellar mass with suprasellar extension was also found on the MRI. He was started on cabergoline therapy for macroprolactinoma and underwent a left parietal craniotomy, and microsurgical excision of the tumor using intraoperative neurosonographic guidance. Histologically, the tumor showed spindle cytologic features and poorly developed inconspicuous pseudorosettes, with areas of rounded nuclear profiles and perinuclear cytoplasmic clearing. Tumor cells were positive for vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100, and negative for epithelial membrane antigen. Ki67 was <7%. He was diagnosed with tanycytic ependymoma and a coexistent prolactinoma. He received 10 cycles of image-guided radiotherapy. Post-operative imaging showed minimal residual tumor the size of which remained stable at 1-year follow-up scan. The pituitary macroadenoma regressed with cabergoline therapy and he clinically improved. This presentation of synchronous macroprolactinoma and tanycytic ependymoma has not been reported in the literature previously. An exhaustive literature review showed only 18 previously reported cases of supratentorial tanycytic ependymoma.
{"title":"Synchronous presentation of prolactinoma and supratentorial tanycytic ependymoma","authors":"Jishnu Narayanan Nair, Rav Tej Bathala, Visvanathan Krishnaswamy, Shriraam Mahadevan","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_217_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_217_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Tanycytic ependymomas mostly occur in the spinal cord and it is the rarest histological subtype of ependymoma. A 29-year-old male was referred from the infertility clinic after serum prolactin levels were found to be elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed an irregular necrotic lesion in the periventricular region of the left parietal lobe which had an intraventricular component and associated perilesional edema. In addition, a sellar mass with suprasellar extension was also found on the MRI. He was started on cabergoline therapy for macroprolactinoma and underwent a left parietal craniotomy, and microsurgical excision of the tumor using intraoperative neurosonographic guidance. Histologically, the tumor showed spindle cytologic features and poorly developed inconspicuous pseudorosettes, with areas of rounded nuclear profiles and perinuclear cytoplasmic clearing. Tumor cells were positive for vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100, and negative for epithelial membrane antigen. Ki67 was <7%. He was diagnosed with tanycytic ependymoma and a coexistent prolactinoma. He received 10 cycles of image-guided radiotherapy. Post-operative imaging showed minimal residual tumor the size of which remained stable at 1-year follow-up scan. The pituitary macroadenoma regressed with cabergoline therapy and he clinically improved. This presentation of synchronous macroprolactinoma and tanycytic ependymoma has not been reported in the literature previously. An exhaustive literature review showed only 18 previously reported cases of supratentorial tanycytic ependymoma.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"44 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135803844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mayank Singh, T. P. Waseem Ahamed, Ved Prakash Maurya, Pragya Gupta, Kamlesh Singh Bhaisora, Arun Kumar Srivastava, Pawan Kumar Verma, Kuntal Kanti Das, Ashutosh Kumar, Priyadarshi Dikshit, Anant Mehrotra, Awadhesh Kumar Jaiswal, Sanjay Behari, Raj Kumar
Objectives: Stereotactic biopsy (STB) is a potential diagnostic tool considering its minimal invasiveness, high diagnostic yield, and minimal associated complications. Over the years, various frame-based instrument systems and frameless stereotactic biopsy systems have emerged to be employed in clinical use. With this study, we intend to get more by doing less in the form of STB for the patients of doubtful intracranial lesions treated over the past 5 years. We also want to highlight the technique of performing the procedure under scalp block, which can be used as a versatile tool in many clinical scenarios. Stereotactic biopsies may be planned even in rural district-level health facilities. One-time investment to procure instruments and avail existing imaging can lead to establishing definitive diagnoses in many doubtful cases. This will result in lesser cost and early establishment of treatment. Independent risk factors determining the outcome, such as deep-seated lesions, associated edema, and intraoperative hypertension, were studied. Establishing the diagnosis helped in prognosticating the disease, explaining the natural progression of symptoms, and starting adjuvant therapy. This tissue biopsy would also help secure samples for research and molecular analysis. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients underwent STBs at our institution between January 2018 and December 2022. We retrospectively analyzed patient characteristics, tumor pathology, surgical procedures, and outcomes, including the diagnostic value and surgery-related complications. These patients were followed up, and their progression-free and overall survival were analyzed. The need for adjuvant treatment was noted and analyzed. All procedures were performed using Cosman Roberts Wells® stereotactic frame. Pre-procedure magnetic resonance scans were performed at the time of admission. Contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CT) scan after frame application was performed to identify targets and calculate the coordinates. A post-procedure CT scan was done to confirm the accessibility of the targeted lesion. Results: The most common location of the tumor was a deep-seated thalamic lesion. A definitive diagnosis was established in 19 patients (95%) at the first STB. The diagnoses were glioma in 55% of cases, primary central nervous system lymphoma, tuberculosis, and demyelinating disorders in 10% of each, and a metastatic brain tumor in 1 (5%). The post-operative complications were all transient except in one patient with deterioration of motor weakness. The follow-up was noted, and modes of adjuvant treatment needed in these patients were recorded. Conclusion: Stereotactic biopsy is a useful and effective method for achieving a definitive diagnosis and aiding in treating multifocal or small deep-seated lesions in or around eloquent regions.
目的:立体定向活检(STB)是一种潜在的诊断工具，因为它侵入性小，诊断率高，并发症少。多年来，各种基于框架的仪器系统和无框架立体定向活检系统已经出现在临床应用中。通过这项研究，我们打算在过去5年治疗的可疑颅内病变患者中，以STB的形式少做多做。我们也想强调在头皮阻滞下进行手术的技术，它可以作为一种多功能的工具在许多临床情况下使用。甚至可以在农村地区一级的卫生设施中规划立体定向活组织检查。一次性投资购买仪器和利用现有的成像可以在许多可疑病例中建立明确的诊断。这将导致较低的费用和早期建立治疗。研究了决定预后的独立危险因素，如深部病变、相关水肿和术中高血压。建立诊断有助于预测疾病，解释症状的自然进展，并开始辅助治疗。这种组织活检也将有助于确保研究和分子分析的样本。材料和方法:2018年1月至2022年12月期间，我院有20例患者接受了性传播感染。我们回顾性分析了患者的特征、肿瘤病理、手术方法和结果，包括诊断价值和手术相关并发症。对这些患者进行随访，分析其无进展和总生存期。注意并分析了辅助治疗的必要性。所有手术均使用Cosman Roberts Wells®立体定向框架进行。在入院时进行术前磁共振扫描。帧应用后进行对比增强计算机断层扫描(CT)以识别目标并计算坐标。术后进行CT扫描以确认目标病变的可及性。结果:肿瘤以丘脑深部病变最常见。19例患者(95%)在首次感染STB时得到明确诊断。诊断为神经胶质瘤占55%，原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤、结核病和脱髓鞘疾病各占10%，转移性脑肿瘤占1例(5%)。除1例患者运动无力恶化外，术后并发症均为短暂性。随访记录，并记录这些患者所需的辅助治疗模式。结论:立体定向活检是一种有用而有效的方法，可以获得明确的诊断和帮助治疗多灶性或小的深部病变。
{"title":"Stereotactic biopsy for brain lesions: Doing more with less","authors":"Mayank Singh, T. P. Waseem Ahamed, Ved Prakash Maurya, Pragya Gupta, Kamlesh Singh Bhaisora, Arun Kumar Srivastava, Pawan Kumar Verma, Kuntal Kanti Das, Ashutosh Kumar, Priyadarshi Dikshit, Anant Mehrotra, Awadhesh Kumar Jaiswal, Sanjay Behari, Raj Kumar","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_258_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_258_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Stereotactic biopsy (STB) is a potential diagnostic tool considering its minimal invasiveness, high diagnostic yield, and minimal associated complications. Over the years, various frame-based instrument systems and frameless stereotactic biopsy systems have emerged to be employed in clinical use. With this study, we intend to get more by doing less in the form of STB for the patients of doubtful intracranial lesions treated over the past 5 years. We also want to highlight the technique of performing the procedure under scalp block, which can be used as a versatile tool in many clinical scenarios. Stereotactic biopsies may be planned even in rural district-level health facilities. One-time investment to procure instruments and avail existing imaging can lead to establishing definitive diagnoses in many doubtful cases. This will result in lesser cost and early establishment of treatment. Independent risk factors determining the outcome, such as deep-seated lesions, associated edema, and intraoperative hypertension, were studied. Establishing the diagnosis helped in prognosticating the disease, explaining the natural progression of symptoms, and starting adjuvant therapy. This tissue biopsy would also help secure samples for research and molecular analysis. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients underwent STBs at our institution between January 2018 and December 2022. We retrospectively analyzed patient characteristics, tumor pathology, surgical procedures, and outcomes, including the diagnostic value and surgery-related complications. These patients were followed up, and their progression-free and overall survival were analyzed. The need for adjuvant treatment was noted and analyzed. All procedures were performed using Cosman Roberts Wells® stereotactic frame. Pre-procedure magnetic resonance scans were performed at the time of admission. Contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CT) scan after frame application was performed to identify targets and calculate the coordinates. A post-procedure CT scan was done to confirm the accessibility of the targeted lesion. Results: The most common location of the tumor was a deep-seated thalamic lesion. A definitive diagnosis was established in 19 patients (95%) at the first STB. The diagnoses were glioma in 55% of cases, primary central nervous system lymphoma, tuberculosis, and demyelinating disorders in 10% of each, and a metastatic brain tumor in 1 (5%). The post-operative complications were all transient except in one patient with deterioration of motor weakness. The follow-up was noted, and modes of adjuvant treatment needed in these patients were recorded. Conclusion: Stereotactic biopsy is a useful and effective method for achieving a definitive diagnosis and aiding in treating multifocal or small deep-seated lesions in or around eloquent regions.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135803842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Dementia, often misperceived as an inherent facet of aging, is, in fact, a progressive neurodegenerative condition. It carries a significant stigma due to its associated psychological and behavioral manifestations, leading to neglect and abuse within households. Studies reveal an alarming 90% treatment gap for dementia in India, largely due to limited knowledge about symptom recognition and accessing services. Thus, enhancing dementia literacy becomes crucial for early diagnosis and proper management. This study aims to assess dementia literacy and familiarity with the term “dementia” in a North Indian tertiary health-care setting. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used a case vignette method among patients and their attendants at psychiatry outpatient setting in a tertiary care hospital. A validated Hindi-translated case vignette depicting a dementia patient was employed. The study gathered sociodemographic data, the case vignette, and three related questions. Participants read the vignette and provided answers. The analysis included 200 responses collected in 1 month. Results: Respondents predominantly associated the case’s condition with memory issues, mental illness, and psychosocial factors. They suggested social support, a nurturing family environment, communal living, and consulting a doctor for the protagonist. Familiarity with “dementia” was at a mere 24%. Conclusion: Dementia literacy and awareness of “dementia” are notably low in our sample. Urgent efforts are required to enhance dementia awareness to facilitate timely prevention, early detection, and effective management.
{"title":"Dementia literacy and familiarity with term dementia: An exploratory study from a psychiatry outpatient setting","authors":"Yogender Kumar Malik, Adwitiya Ray, Shipra Singh, Rajiv Gupta","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_475_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_475_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Dementia, often misperceived as an inherent facet of aging, is, in fact, a progressive neurodegenerative condition. It carries a significant stigma due to its associated psychological and behavioral manifestations, leading to neglect and abuse within households. Studies reveal an alarming 90% treatment gap for dementia in India, largely due to limited knowledge about symptom recognition and accessing services. Thus, enhancing dementia literacy becomes crucial for early diagnosis and proper management. This study aims to assess dementia literacy and familiarity with the term “dementia” in a North Indian tertiary health-care setting. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used a case vignette method among patients and their attendants at psychiatry outpatient setting in a tertiary care hospital. A validated Hindi-translated case vignette depicting a dementia patient was employed. The study gathered sociodemographic data, the case vignette, and three related questions. Participants read the vignette and provided answers. The analysis included 200 responses collected in 1 month. Results: Respondents predominantly associated the case’s condition with memory issues, mental illness, and psychosocial factors. They suggested social support, a nurturing family environment, communal living, and consulting a doctor for the protagonist. Familiarity with “dementia” was at a mere 24%. Conclusion: Dementia literacy and awareness of “dementia” are notably low in our sample. Urgent efforts are required to enhance dementia awareness to facilitate timely prevention, early detection, and effective management.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135968951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaouad Rouane, Taher Moussa Ahmadou, Ahmed Omar Touhami Ahami
Objectives: Attention is an essential part of cognitive functions for all learning in the school environment. The screening of attentional deficits constitutes an important field of research, given its relationship with other cognitive functions and the neurocognitive profiling of Moroccan adolescents in school. Materials and Methods: A study was conducted over 3 months. A comparative and predictive method is used, the Bells test, to assess the state of neglect of these students, as well as the detection of attention deficit. Results: Two hundred and fifty students participated, including 152 girls [60.4%] and 98 boys [39.6%], the average age is 16.77 ± 1.23 years, range: 14–21, divided into three school levels: Common core (TC) 27.6%, 1 st -year baccalaureate 50.8%, and 2 nd -year baccalaureate 21.6%. This study found that 18.4% of the students had attentional deficits and 4% had a unilateral spatial neglect pattern in young adolescents in school. Conclusion: The Bells Test is a useful screening tool to detect these attentional deficits. This implies that attentional disorders negatively influence the academic and motor performance of the subjects. This implies that attentional disorders negatively influence the academic and motor performance of the subjects and, therefore, increase the percentage of school failure.
{"title":"Study of attentional deficits (unilateral spatial neglect) in Moroccan adolescents attending school-Rabat Sale Kenitra region","authors":"Jaouad Rouane, Taher Moussa Ahmadou, Ahmed Omar Touhami Ahami","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_289_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_289_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Attention is an essential part of cognitive functions for all learning in the school environment. The screening of attentional deficits constitutes an important field of research, given its relationship with other cognitive functions and the neurocognitive profiling of Moroccan adolescents in school. Materials and Methods: A study was conducted over 3 months. A comparative and predictive method is used, the Bells test, to assess the state of neglect of these students, as well as the detection of attention deficit. Results: Two hundred and fifty students participated, including 152 girls [60.4%] and 98 boys [39.6%], the average age is 16.77 ± 1.23 years, range: 14–21, divided into three school levels: Common core (TC) 27.6%, 1 st -year baccalaureate 50.8%, and 2 nd -year baccalaureate 21.6%. This study found that 18.4% of the students had attentional deficits and 4% had a unilateral spatial neglect pattern in young adolescents in school. Conclusion: The Bells Test is a useful screening tool to detect these attentional deficits. This implies that attentional disorders negatively influence the academic and motor performance of the subjects. This implies that attentional disorders negatively influence the academic and motor performance of the subjects and, therefore, increase the percentage of school failure.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：