Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498175
M. Muegge, D. Chenoweth
Speciality memories, such as FIFO devices, derive their high performance from their architecture as well as their underlying technology. The need for higher speed in FIFO devices has resulted in the introduction of faster and faster devices, with access times as low as 10 ns, such as the QS7204-10. Nevertheless, traditional FIFO interfaces, even at the 10 ns access time level, fall short of meeting today's leading edge CPU performance requirements. Clocked interfaces allow better utilization of the memory bandwidth and can provide data rates of 66 MHz and beyond in real world system environments. High speed, 36 bit wide FIFO devices, packaged in the fine pitch TQFP package, enable high performance, high density system designs. This paper focuses on three aspects of FIFO devices: speed, word depth, and additional value added features to show how these enhancements can boost system performance and board efficiency.
{"title":"36 bit wide FIFO for deep, bus oriented applications","authors":"M. Muegge, D. Chenoweth","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498175","url":null,"abstract":"Speciality memories, such as FIFO devices, derive their high performance from their architecture as well as their underlying technology. The need for higher speed in FIFO devices has resulted in the introduction of faster and faster devices, with access times as low as 10 ns, such as the QS7204-10. Nevertheless, traditional FIFO interfaces, even at the 10 ns access time level, fall short of meeting today's leading edge CPU performance requirements. Clocked interfaces allow better utilization of the memory bandwidth and can provide data rates of 66 MHz and beyond in real world system environments. High speed, 36 bit wide FIFO devices, packaged in the fine pitch TQFP package, enable high performance, high density system designs. This paper focuses on three aspects of FIFO devices: speed, word depth, and additional value added features to show how these enhancements can boost system performance and board efficiency.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127146603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498080
W. Hortos
Problems of estimating and optimizing the behavior of wireless networks, based on the structure of a general stochastic model of the network's discrete-event dynamics, lead to mathematically correct, yet computationally intractable, backward recursive conditions defining the stochastic filter of network state and the optimal routing controls. The structure of the stochastic model of network dynamics, reflected in these recursive conditions, strongly parallels the recursive structure found in backpropagation (BP) neural networks. This structural resemblance has suggested the use of variations of the BP approach to compute solutions to the recursive mathematical conditions. Since the structure of the network model is not, in general, feedforward, three variations of recurrent BP algorithms are proposed to solve a partitioned version of the defining filter and optimality conditions. Foreknowledge of the random characteristics of a given network model further suggest which BP technique is appropriate to the application.
{"title":"Application of neural networks to the adaptive routing control and traffic estimation of survivable wireless communication networks","authors":"W. Hortos","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498080","url":null,"abstract":"Problems of estimating and optimizing the behavior of wireless networks, based on the structure of a general stochastic model of the network's discrete-event dynamics, lead to mathematically correct, yet computationally intractable, backward recursive conditions defining the stochastic filter of network state and the optimal routing controls. The structure of the stochastic model of network dynamics, reflected in these recursive conditions, strongly parallels the recursive structure found in backpropagation (BP) neural networks. This structural resemblance has suggested the use of variations of the BP approach to compute solutions to the recursive mathematical conditions. Since the structure of the network model is not, in general, feedforward, three variations of recurrent BP algorithms are proposed to solve a partitioned version of the defining filter and optimality conditions. Foreknowledge of the random characteristics of a given network model further suggest which BP technique is appropriate to the application.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127398096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498139
A. Sundaram, H. Mehta, V. Tahiliani
Industrial and commercial customers are adding computer controlled and microprocessor-based equipment at an ever increasing rate. Although these sophisticated devices enhance the productivity of these customers, they are not without their own set of unique power requirements. One of these requirements is the need of high quality power containing minimal voltage variations. Line voltage sags and surges, momentary outages, transients and harmonic distortion, although brief, can adversely affect the performance of these sophisticated devices. These customers are not able to cope with the short interruptions caused by faults and involving breaker reclosing or feeder switching actions. CUSTOM POWER technology integrates modern power electronics-based controllers with distribution automation, integrated utility communications and lightning research to produce high quality power. This CUSTOM POWER provides the electric utility industry with a technology option to meet the power quality needs of customers who have sensitive microprocessor loads. In addition to receiving quality power customers can avoid the significant electrical losses that often occur from customer-installed power conditioning equipment such as uninterruptible power supplies.
{"title":"CUSTOM POWER - EPRI's response to power quality issues","authors":"A. Sundaram, H. Mehta, V. Tahiliani","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498139","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial and commercial customers are adding computer controlled and microprocessor-based equipment at an ever increasing rate. Although these sophisticated devices enhance the productivity of these customers, they are not without their own set of unique power requirements. One of these requirements is the need of high quality power containing minimal voltage variations. Line voltage sags and surges, momentary outages, transients and harmonic distortion, although brief, can adversely affect the performance of these sophisticated devices. These customers are not able to cope with the short interruptions caused by faults and involving breaker reclosing or feeder switching actions. CUSTOM POWER technology integrates modern power electronics-based controllers with distribution automation, integrated utility communications and lightning research to produce high quality power. This CUSTOM POWER provides the electric utility industry with a technology option to meet the power quality needs of customers who have sensitive microprocessor loads. In addition to receiving quality power customers can avoid the significant electrical losses that often occur from customer-installed power conditioning equipment such as uninterruptible power supplies.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129057405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498130
H.K. Brown, L. Martin-Vega, W.H. Shaw, J. G. Madry, C. L. Taylor
This paper investigates the insertion of inline sensors into Surface Mount Technology (SMT) production lines for the purpose of improving yield and reducing production costs by elevating the quality level of the product to the six sigma level. Each process step in the assembly process, starting with board loading, through deposition, part placement, and reflow will be discussed for monitoring in real time for deviations. When deviations are detected, feedback can be sent either to operators or the equipment for corrective action thus providing a closed loop SMT assembly process. A study of an SMT assembly line indicates that video surveillance at the beginning of the line can be used to inspect the quality of the Printed Wire Boards (PWBs) before additional processing actions are taken on them. Similar surveillance techniques employed in the deposition stage to ensure that only PWBs with proper solder paste deposition are allowed to continue will be discussed. The parts placement stage provides many opportunities for the placement of inline sensors ranging from inspection of the parts for defects and orientation errors before they are placed to determining their exact position on the PWB after they have been placed. The potential of similar placement monitoring techniques before and after reflow for monitoring this process are explored.
{"title":"Utilization of sensory feedback during SMT assembly","authors":"H.K. Brown, L. Martin-Vega, W.H. Shaw, J. G. Madry, C. L. Taylor","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498130","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the insertion of inline sensors into Surface Mount Technology (SMT) production lines for the purpose of improving yield and reducing production costs by elevating the quality level of the product to the six sigma level. Each process step in the assembly process, starting with board loading, through deposition, part placement, and reflow will be discussed for monitoring in real time for deviations. When deviations are detected, feedback can be sent either to operators or the equipment for corrective action thus providing a closed loop SMT assembly process. A study of an SMT assembly line indicates that video surveillance at the beginning of the line can be used to inspect the quality of the Printed Wire Boards (PWBs) before additional processing actions are taken on them. Similar surveillance techniques employed in the deposition stage to ensure that only PWBs with proper solder paste deposition are allowed to continue will be discussed. The parts placement stage provides many opportunities for the placement of inline sensors ranging from inspection of the parts for defects and orientation errors before they are placed to determining their exact position on the PWB after they have been placed. The potential of similar placement monitoring techniques before and after reflow for monitoring this process are explored.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133078658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498087
G. Basile, M. Pierantoni, S. Pirani, M. Rinaldi, S. Varosi
A magnetic compass has been developed by the Research Laboratory for Avionics System of the University of Florida intended to replace the common mechanical directional gyroscope for aircraft heading indication. The compass is based on an assembly of three mutually orthogonal single-core magnetic sensors, affixed to the fuselage, thus remaining in the aircraft frame of reference. The sensor electronics incorporate a feedback circuit that applies direct current to the sensor, sufficient to cancel the magnetic flux bias of the Earth field. This scheme results in a very accurate three dimensional measurement of the Earth's magnetic field vector, which is related to the attitude (roll, pitch and heading) of the aircraft through a set of algebraic equations. If the pitch angle is known, from an artificial horizon for instance, these equations can be served using a microprocessor in order to obtain the heading and the roll of the aircraft.
{"title":"Attitude compensated electronic compass for aircraft navigation","authors":"G. Basile, M. Pierantoni, S. Pirani, M. Rinaldi, S. Varosi","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498087","url":null,"abstract":"A magnetic compass has been developed by the Research Laboratory for Avionics System of the University of Florida intended to replace the common mechanical directional gyroscope for aircraft heading indication. The compass is based on an assembly of three mutually orthogonal single-core magnetic sensors, affixed to the fuselage, thus remaining in the aircraft frame of reference. The sensor electronics incorporate a feedback circuit that applies direct current to the sensor, sufficient to cancel the magnetic flux bias of the Earth field. This scheme results in a very accurate three dimensional measurement of the Earth's magnetic field vector, which is related to the attitude (roll, pitch and heading) of the aircraft through a set of algebraic equations. If the pitch angle is known, from an artificial horizon for instance, these equations can be served using a microprocessor in order to obtain the heading and the roll of the aircraft.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122852438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498118
M. A. Mohd
Modern society would be very different without the proliferation of electronic systems such as communication, navigation, and consumer electronics systems; electromagnetic interference (EMI) is the byproduct of these electronics systems. For modern society to use all its electronic systems effectively, EMI should be contained and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) must be enhanced. This paper introduces the concepts of EMI and EMC for a practising engineer. It emphasizes the need for EMC during the product design phase by providing numerous case history examples.
{"title":"Why electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)?","authors":"M. A. Mohd","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498118","url":null,"abstract":"Modern society would be very different without the proliferation of electronic systems such as communication, navigation, and consumer electronics systems; electromagnetic interference (EMI) is the byproduct of these electronics systems. For modern society to use all its electronic systems effectively, EMI should be contained and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) must be enhanced. This paper introduces the concepts of EMI and EMC for a practising engineer. It emphasizes the need for EMC during the product design phase by providing numerous case history examples.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121149368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498101
I. Batarseh, D. Kemnitz
This paper addresses the issue of undergraduate education in the field of power electronics. Based on the 1990 survey conducted by the Power Engineering Education Resources Subcommittee, we carefully study the collected data to address key issues regarding undergraduate education in power electronics. Suggested curriculum in power electronics is presented. Moreover, state-of-the-art power electronics laboratory set-up along with supporting simulation laboratory is described. Simulation design examples using Pspice program for some power electronics projects are given.
{"title":"Undergraduate education in power electronics","authors":"I. Batarseh, D. Kemnitz","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498101","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the issue of undergraduate education in the field of power electronics. Based on the 1990 survey conducted by the Power Engineering Education Resources Subcommittee, we carefully study the collected data to address key issues regarding undergraduate education in power electronics. Suggested curriculum in power electronics is presented. Moreover, state-of-the-art power electronics laboratory set-up along with supporting simulation laboratory is described. Simulation design examples using Pspice program for some power electronics projects are given.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"178 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115990281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498090
A. Phanse, J. Yuan, C. Yeh, B. Gadepally
The effects of ionizing radiation and hot electrons on the BiCMOS switching response have been studied. The radiation induced surface recombination current in the base of the bipolar transistor and the radiation and hot electron induced resistive leakage paths in the BiCMOS structure have been modeled as a function of the interface state density and the oxide trapped charge density. An equivalent circuit model of a BiCMOS inverter, including radiation and hot electron effects on the MOSFET and the bipolar transistor and leakage paths in the BiCMOS structure is proposed. The proposed model is compared with experimental data and with MEDICI simulations and the agreement is good.
{"title":"Radiation and hot electron effects on BiCMOS switching","authors":"A. Phanse, J. Yuan, C. Yeh, B. Gadepally","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498090","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of ionizing radiation and hot electrons on the BiCMOS switching response have been studied. The radiation induced surface recombination current in the base of the bipolar transistor and the radiation and hot electron induced resistive leakage paths in the BiCMOS structure have been modeled as a function of the interface state density and the oxide trapped charge density. An equivalent circuit model of a BiCMOS inverter, including radiation and hot electron effects on the MOSFET and the bipolar transistor and leakage paths in the BiCMOS structure is proposed. The proposed model is compared with experimental data and with MEDICI simulations and the agreement is good.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117142441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498148
J. Ashley
The perception of possible hazards from power lines is somewhat a function of the perceiver. These perceptions by an electrical engineer are intended to aid others, especially physicians, see the difference between the widespread quackery and the best estimates of hazard from those appropriately educated. Terminology is rigorously introduced partially to debunk the use of the words "electromagnetic fields" and "radiation from power lines". The suspected "link" of power lines to childhood cancer is explained. The author's perception is that one cannot ignore the correlation of cancer with distance from power lines. The magnetic field explanation of this "link" is not viable. The future research needs to concentrate on electric fields and searching for confounders.
{"title":"Electric and magnetic fields: the perceived public risks","authors":"J. Ashley","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498148","url":null,"abstract":"The perception of possible hazards from power lines is somewhat a function of the perceiver. These perceptions by an electrical engineer are intended to aid others, especially physicians, see the difference between the widespread quackery and the best estimates of hazard from those appropriately educated. Terminology is rigorously introduced partially to debunk the use of the words \"electromagnetic fields\" and \"radiation from power lines\". The suspected \"link\" of power lines to childhood cancer is explained. The author's perception is that one cannot ignore the correlation of cancer with distance from power lines. The magnetic field explanation of this \"link\" is not viable. The future research needs to concentrate on electric fields and searching for confounders.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117183205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-29DOI: 10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498137
J. Harrison
Due to the wide spread use of power system surge protective devices (SPDs) to protect the proliferation of electronic equipment, a more thorough understanding of potential failure modes of SPDs is essential for safety reasons. The intent of this article is to provide the reader with SPD failure concepts and appropriate mitigation techniques.
{"title":"Why and how do surge protective devices (SPD) fail: a safety article","authors":"J. Harrison","doi":"10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOUTHC.1994.498137","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the wide spread use of power system surge protective devices (SPDs) to protect the proliferation of electronic equipment, a more thorough understanding of potential failure modes of SPDs is essential for safety reasons. The intent of this article is to provide the reader with SPD failure concepts and appropriate mitigation techniques.","PeriodicalId":164672,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record Southcon","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115503206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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