Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341254
Yuehao Zhou, C. Zhong, Zhaoyang Zhang
In this paper, we consider an uplink massive MIMO systems with dual-antenna users, and investigate the performance of several popular transmission schemes, such as orthogonal space-time block coding (OSTBC), transmit beamforming (TB) and transmit antenna selection (TAS). The achievable sum rate lower bound and asymptotic power scaling performance when M →∞ are presented, where M is the number of base station antennas. The analytical findings suggest that all the mentioned schemes achieve the same power scaling law as the system with only single-antenna users, indicating a rather pessimistic conclusion that using multiple antennas at the users does not bring much performance gain. Therefore, advanced transmission schemes shall be designed to fully exploit the additional spatial degrees offered by the multiple antenna users. Through simulation, we find that user scheduling is one of such promising techniques to further improve the system performance.
{"title":"Performance comparison of different transmission schemes in uplink massive MIMO systems with dual-antenna users","authors":"Yuehao Zhou, C. Zhong, Zhaoyang Zhang","doi":"10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341254","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we consider an uplink massive MIMO systems with dual-antenna users, and investigate the performance of several popular transmission schemes, such as orthogonal space-time block coding (OSTBC), transmit beamforming (TB) and transmit antenna selection (TAS). The achievable sum rate lower bound and asymptotic power scaling performance when M →∞ are presented, where M is the number of base station antennas. The analytical findings suggest that all the mentioned schemes achieve the same power scaling law as the system with only single-antenna users, indicating a rather pessimistic conclusion that using multiple antennas at the users does not bring much performance gain. Therefore, advanced transmission schemes shall be designed to fully exploit the additional spatial degrees offered by the multiple antenna users. Through simulation, we find that user scheduling is one of such promising techniques to further improve the system performance.","PeriodicalId":164776,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126989115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341038
Feng Liu, Shanxiang Mu, Wanghan Lv, Wenliang Li, Ting Ge, Li Li
The transmit signal with good performance is the precondition of the excellent multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR). In order to obtain waveforms of MIMO SAR based on linear frequency modulation with higher tolerance of receiver noise, the improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) with elite strategy is proposed. Application of orthogonal linear frequency modulation hybrid coding (LFMHC) signal to MIMO SAR is analyzed and waveform design is hence converted into multi-objective optimization problem. Objective function takes into account the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the receiving signal after matched filtering. Orthogonal LFMHC waveform sets are designed. Comprehensive numerical simulation examples are performed. It is shown that the signal waveforms have more flexibility in encoding, with lower autocorrelation side-lobes and cross-correlation interference. They are desirable in separating targets and suppressing noise. The proposed method verifies the algorithm and enables MIMO SAR to operate efficiently in practical applications.
{"title":"LFM hybrid-coding waveform design of MIMO SAR based on NSGA-II","authors":"Feng Liu, Shanxiang Mu, Wanghan Lv, Wenliang Li, Ting Ge, Li Li","doi":"10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341038","url":null,"abstract":"The transmit signal with good performance is the precondition of the excellent multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR). In order to obtain waveforms of MIMO SAR based on linear frequency modulation with higher tolerance of receiver noise, the improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) with elite strategy is proposed. Application of orthogonal linear frequency modulation hybrid coding (LFMHC) signal to MIMO SAR is analyzed and waveform design is hence converted into multi-objective optimization problem. Objective function takes into account the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the receiving signal after matched filtering. Orthogonal LFMHC waveform sets are designed. Comprehensive numerical simulation examples are performed. It is shown that the signal waveforms have more flexibility in encoding, with lower autocorrelation side-lobes and cross-correlation interference. They are desirable in separating targets and suppressing noise. The proposed method verifies the algorithm and enables MIMO SAR to operate efficiently in practical applications.","PeriodicalId":164776,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121649533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/WCSP.2015.7340970
Xiuling Sun, Wen-qin Wang, Hui Chen, H. Shao
Two-way relaying showed distinct advantages in spectral efficiency for pairs of source nodes to exchange information via a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) amplify-and-forward (AF) relay node. This paper studies the relay beamforming problem in the scenario where multiple pairs of users communicate via a MIMO relay node, in order to achieve a beer rate and guarantee the fairness of user's rate. In the relay beamforming design we consider the maximum of minimum information rate among the user pairs as the target and the total relay transmit power as the constrain. The corresponding optimization problem can be built into a difference-of-convex functions (DC) program, and it can be well solved by an effective algorithm. Numerical results show that, the proposed method enjoys the merits of both max-min fairness and sum-rate when compared with existing relay beamforming methods.
{"title":"Relay beamforming for multi-pair two-way MIMO relay systems with max-min fairness","authors":"Xiuling Sun, Wen-qin Wang, Hui Chen, H. Shao","doi":"10.1109/WCSP.2015.7340970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2015.7340970","url":null,"abstract":"Two-way relaying showed distinct advantages in spectral efficiency for pairs of source nodes to exchange information via a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) amplify-and-forward (AF) relay node. This paper studies the relay beamforming problem in the scenario where multiple pairs of users communicate via a MIMO relay node, in order to achieve a beer rate and guarantee the fairness of user's rate. In the relay beamforming design we consider the maximum of minimum information rate among the user pairs as the target and the total relay transmit power as the constrain. The corresponding optimization problem can be built into a difference-of-convex functions (DC) program, and it can be well solved by an effective algorithm. Numerical results show that, the proposed method enjoys the merits of both max-min fairness and sum-rate when compared with existing relay beamforming methods.","PeriodicalId":164776,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","volume":"44 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120859802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341289
Songqing Wang, Wendong Yang, W. Xu
This paper focuses on decode-and-forward (DF) OFDM full duplex relaying (FDR) systems with multiple relays, where residual loop interference is taken into account. Closed-form and high-SNR approximate expressions for the outage probability are derived. Simulations are carried out to validate the derived outage performance and compare the performance of OFDM FDR with that of OFDM half duplex relaying (HDR) systems.
{"title":"Outage analysis of OFDM full Duplex relaying systems","authors":"Songqing Wang, Wendong Yang, W. Xu","doi":"10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341289","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on decode-and-forward (DF) OFDM full duplex relaying (FDR) systems with multiple relays, where residual loop interference is taken into account. Closed-form and high-SNR approximate expressions for the outage probability are derived. Simulations are carried out to validate the derived outage performance and compare the performance of OFDM FDR with that of OFDM half duplex relaying (HDR) systems.","PeriodicalId":164776,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122382753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341077
Qifeng Wang, Benxiong Huang, Zheng-guang Xu
Shaped-offset quadrature phase shift keying (SO-QPSK) is a special case of continuous phase modulation (CPM) and is widely employed on SATCOM links. We analyze the phase trajectory of SOQPSK and find that the phase change in a bit period is zero for a zero symbol and ±π/2 for a non-zero symbol. Based on this, we propose a new timing recovery scheme that uses the fourth-power nonlinearity to eliminate the self-noise caused by the symbol information. Through the nonlinear operation, the modulated SOQPSK signal is converted into a direct current (DC) signal for the zero symbol and a tone for the non-zero symbol. The phase drift is estimated from the DC signal and the timing offset is estimated from the initial phase of the tone. The lower bounds of the estimation errors for the phase and timing estimations are reduced in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The lower bound for the phase error is 4 times of the MCRB(θ) and the lower bound for the timing error is also 4 times of the MCRB(τ). Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme is effective and the estimation errors agree with the derived bounds.
{"title":"Joint phase and timing recovery for SOQPSK based on phase trajectory","authors":"Qifeng Wang, Benxiong Huang, Zheng-guang Xu","doi":"10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341077","url":null,"abstract":"Shaped-offset quadrature phase shift keying (SO-QPSK) is a special case of continuous phase modulation (CPM) and is widely employed on SATCOM links. We analyze the phase trajectory of SOQPSK and find that the phase change in a bit period is zero for a zero symbol and ±π/2 for a non-zero symbol. Based on this, we propose a new timing recovery scheme that uses the fourth-power nonlinearity to eliminate the self-noise caused by the symbol information. Through the nonlinear operation, the modulated SOQPSK signal is converted into a direct current (DC) signal for the zero symbol and a tone for the non-zero symbol. The phase drift is estimated from the DC signal and the timing offset is estimated from the initial phase of the tone. The lower bounds of the estimation errors for the phase and timing estimations are reduced in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The lower bound for the phase error is 4 times of the MCRB(θ) and the lower bound for the timing error is also 4 times of the MCRB(τ). Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme is effective and the estimation errors agree with the derived bounds.","PeriodicalId":164776,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127115863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341006
Qiong Zhang, Hongbin Chen, Feng Zhao
In this paper, a joint Base Station (BS) and Relay Station (RS) sleep scheduling algorithm is proposed for relay-aided cellular networks based on Cellular Automata (CA). By applying the self-organizing character of CA, the number of active BSs and RSs converges to a stable state to save energy. A suboptimal value of energy efficiency of the relay-aided cellular network is obtained via a CA algorithm. Furthermore, a branch and bound algorithm based on the denominator interval values of the objective function is developed to maximize energy efficiency under the spectral efficiency constraint. Convergence of the number of active BSs and RSs is demonstrated by numerical simulations, which shows effectiveness of the proposed branch and bound algorithm is superior to the random sleep scheme and the scheme without sleep scheduling.
{"title":"Energy-efficient joint BS-RS sleep scheduling based on cellular automata in relay-aided cellular networks","authors":"Qiong Zhang, Hongbin Chen, Feng Zhao","doi":"10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341006","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a joint Base Station (BS) and Relay Station (RS) sleep scheduling algorithm is proposed for relay-aided cellular networks based on Cellular Automata (CA). By applying the self-organizing character of CA, the number of active BSs and RSs converges to a stable state to save energy. A suboptimal value of energy efficiency of the relay-aided cellular network is obtained via a CA algorithm. Furthermore, a branch and bound algorithm based on the denominator interval values of the objective function is developed to maximize energy efficiency under the spectral efficiency constraint. Convergence of the number of active BSs and RSs is demonstrated by numerical simulations, which shows effectiveness of the proposed branch and bound algorithm is superior to the random sleep scheme and the scheme without sleep scheduling.","PeriodicalId":164776,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126847899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy-efficiency, high data rates and secure communications are essential requirements of the future wireless networks. In this paper, we develop a framework to study the energy efficiency for enhancing physical layer security (PLS) in large-scale random cognitive radio networks (CRNs) considering the node spatial distribution, wireless propagation medium and aggregate network interference. Using stochastic geometry, we model the large-scale random secure CRN, and analyze the connection outage probability (COP) and the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of typical secondary link. Based on the results, we introduce the secrecy energy efficiency (SEE) to character the energy efficiency for enhancing the physical layer security of secondary network. Furthermore, we jointly optimizing the medium access probability (MAP) and transmit power of secondary transmitters (STs) to maximize the secrecy energy efficiency. Finally, numerical results are conducted to evaluate the SEE and examine the effect of system parameters.
{"title":"Energy-efficient optimization for physical layer security in large-scale random CRNs","authors":"Xiaoming Xu, Yueming Cai, Weiwei Yang, Wendong Yang, Junquan Hu, Tinghui Yin","doi":"10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341314","url":null,"abstract":"Energy-efficiency, high data rates and secure communications are essential requirements of the future wireless networks. In this paper, we develop a framework to study the energy efficiency for enhancing physical layer security (PLS) in large-scale random cognitive radio networks (CRNs) considering the node spatial distribution, wireless propagation medium and aggregate network interference. Using stochastic geometry, we model the large-scale random secure CRN, and analyze the connection outage probability (COP) and the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of typical secondary link. Based on the results, we introduce the secrecy energy efficiency (SEE) to character the energy efficiency for enhancing the physical layer security of secondary network. Furthermore, we jointly optimizing the medium access probability (MAP) and transmit power of secondary transmitters (STs) to maximize the secrecy energy efficiency. Finally, numerical results are conducted to evaluate the SEE and examine the effect of system parameters.","PeriodicalId":164776,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","volume":"341 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117345638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341013
F. Dong, QUAN LIU, Wei Zhang, Lei Guo, Xionglin Zhou
In this paper, a novel integrated high altitude platform/satellite (IHS) network system model for energy-efficient transmissions is proposed. In a slow flat Rician fading channel, the concept of link-state advertisement (LSA) is investigated, which estimates the channel state information by broadcasting LSAs at the HAP end and the satellite end rather than sensing at the terminal end, and which can significantly reduce the energy consumption of the terminal end. In addition, the energy consumption is modeled and the adaptive algorithm for the energy-efficient path selection is given. The simulation results validate the proposed adaptive algorithm. It is shown that the proposed adaptive algorithm can significantly improve the energy-efficient performance.
{"title":"Energy-efficient transmissions in integrated HAP/satellite networks for emergency communications","authors":"F. Dong, QUAN LIU, Wei Zhang, Lei Guo, Xionglin Zhou","doi":"10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341013","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel integrated high altitude platform/satellite (IHS) network system model for energy-efficient transmissions is proposed. In a slow flat Rician fading channel, the concept of link-state advertisement (LSA) is investigated, which estimates the channel state information by broadcasting LSAs at the HAP end and the satellite end rather than sensing at the terminal end, and which can significantly reduce the energy consumption of the terminal end. In addition, the energy consumption is modeled and the adaptive algorithm for the energy-efficient path selection is given. The simulation results validate the proposed adaptive algorithm. It is shown that the proposed adaptive algorithm can significantly improve the energy-efficient performance.","PeriodicalId":164776,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129184132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/WCSP.2015.7340991
Chen Zhang, Minjian Zhao, Yunlong Cai
In this paper, a novel self-calibration method is proposed for uniform rectangular arrays to estimate two-dimensional (2-D) direction of arrival (DOA) in the presence of mutual coupling. By rearranging the perturbed array response in the transform domain, the estimation of 2-D DOA is decoupled from the calibration process, and the aperture loss is avoided as well. Then resorting to the rank reduction criteria, the 2-D DOAs can be blindly estimated just through two sequential steps of one-dimensional searches. Moreover, an accurate estimation of coupling coefficients can also be acquired for array calibration. Compared to the existing method, the proposed algorithm is more numerically efficient with improved accuracy. Simulation results verify the superior performance of the proposed algorithm.1
{"title":"Joint 2-D DOA estimation and mutual coupling calibration for uniform rectangular arrays","authors":"Chen Zhang, Minjian Zhao, Yunlong Cai","doi":"10.1109/WCSP.2015.7340991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2015.7340991","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel self-calibration method is proposed for uniform rectangular arrays to estimate two-dimensional (2-D) direction of arrival (DOA) in the presence of mutual coupling. By rearranging the perturbed array response in the transform domain, the estimation of 2-D DOA is decoupled from the calibration process, and the aperture loss is avoided as well. Then resorting to the rank reduction criteria, the 2-D DOAs can be blindly estimated just through two sequential steps of one-dimensional searches. Moreover, an accurate estimation of coupling coefficients can also be acquired for array calibration. Compared to the existing method, the proposed algorithm is more numerically efficient with improved accuracy. Simulation results verify the superior performance of the proposed algorithm.1","PeriodicalId":164776,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114899854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341028
Junhong Chen, Zhan Gao, Qian Zhao
This article investigates the problem of distributed spectrum resource allocation in the ultra-dense small cell networks, which takes the different loads of small cell base stations (SBSs) into consideration. Here, we simplify the load as the number of active users served by a SBS. We formulate the problem of load-aware channel selection as a graphical game and propose a distributed learning algorithm to achieve stable solutions. With the proposed distributed learning algorithm, SBSs can not only select multiple channels according to their current loads, but also decide their preference to the licensed channels (which are licensed to the macro cells) and unlicensed channels, which contribute to mitigate the cross-tier and co-tier interference. The algorithm is proved to converge to Nash equilibria. Furthermore, the simulation results verify that our proposed learning algorithm can mitigate the cross-tier interference and co-tier interference.
{"title":"Load-aware dynamic spectrum access in ultra-dense small cell networks","authors":"Junhong Chen, Zhan Gao, Qian Zhao","doi":"10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2015.7341028","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the problem of distributed spectrum resource allocation in the ultra-dense small cell networks, which takes the different loads of small cell base stations (SBSs) into consideration. Here, we simplify the load as the number of active users served by a SBS. We formulate the problem of load-aware channel selection as a graphical game and propose a distributed learning algorithm to achieve stable solutions. With the proposed distributed learning algorithm, SBSs can not only select multiple channels according to their current loads, but also decide their preference to the licensed channels (which are licensed to the macro cells) and unlicensed channels, which contribute to mitigate the cross-tier and co-tier interference. The algorithm is proved to converge to Nash equilibria. Furthermore, the simulation results verify that our proposed learning algorithm can mitigate the cross-tier interference and co-tier interference.","PeriodicalId":164776,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130369295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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