Background: The contraceptive prevalence is on the rise worldwide as more people have become informed and aware with a positive attitude toward its practice. This study, therefore, investigates the knowledge, attitude, and practice of modern contraception among women of reproductive age in Kundila Housing Estate, Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in Kundila Housing Estate, Tarauni Local Government Area of Kano State. Using a multistage sampling, 183 women of reproductive age were selected and interviewed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire with both open and close-ended questions. Results: The age of the respondents ranged from 15 to 49 years with a mean of 29.5 ± 8.0 years and majority 44 (24.0%) were aged 25–29 years. Most of the respondents (96.7%) were aware of the concept of modern contraception, and 85.8% of them had adequate knowledge. Majority of the respondents (70.5%) recommended the introduction of family planning lessons in schools, whereas 29.5% did not agree. Similarly, 60.7% of respondents were found to have good practice of modern contraception and majority of them obtained reproductive services from the primary health centers. Educational level, family structure, and duration from last childbirth were found to be significantly associated with the knowledge of modern contraception among the respondents. Conclusion: This study further affirms the positive attitude of women in Kano Metropolis toward the use and practice of contraception.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of modern contraception among women of reproductive age in urban area of kano, north-western nigeria","authors":"A. Gajida, I. Takai, I. Haruna, K. Bako","doi":"10.4103/jomt.jomt_9_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomt.jomt_9_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The contraceptive prevalence is on the rise worldwide as more people have become informed and aware with a positive attitude toward its practice. This study, therefore, investigates the knowledge, attitude, and practice of modern contraception among women of reproductive age in Kundila Housing Estate, Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in Kundila Housing Estate, Tarauni Local Government Area of Kano State. Using a multistage sampling, 183 women of reproductive age were selected and interviewed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire with both open and close-ended questions. Results: The age of the respondents ranged from 15 to 49 years with a mean of 29.5 ± 8.0 years and majority 44 (24.0%) were aged 25–29 years. Most of the respondents (96.7%) were aware of the concept of modern contraception, and 85.8% of them had adequate knowledge. Majority of the respondents (70.5%) recommended the introduction of family planning lessons in schools, whereas 29.5% did not agree. Similarly, 60.7% of respondents were found to have good practice of modern contraception and majority of them obtained reproductive services from the primary health centers. Educational level, family structure, and duration from last childbirth were found to be significantly associated with the knowledge of modern contraception among the respondents. Conclusion: This study further affirms the positive attitude of women in Kano Metropolis toward the use and practice of contraception.","PeriodicalId":16477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine in the Tropics","volume":"1 1","pages":"67 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76397665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) affect 1.7 million patients at any time worldwide, causing important morbidity and mortality. Up to 40% of all HAIs are thought to be transmitted by the hands of healthcare workers (HCWs). Hand washing is the most effective way of preventing the spread of infectious diseases in healthcare settings. This study assessed knowledge and practice hand washing among HCWs in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, a tertiary healthcare center in Zaria, Kaduna State, northwestern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 116 HCWs selected using stratified sampling technique. Data were collected using interviewer-administered semistructured questionnaire and observation checklist using Epi Info mobile version 7.2.0.1 (United States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), February 2018). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Results: Respondents of the study were nurses (37.9%), doctors (31.9%), and laboratory (18.1%) and supportive (12.1%) staff. About three-quarter (72.4%) of the HCWs had good knowledge and 62.0% exhibited positive attitude toward hand washing technique, based on the World Health Organization recommendations. Overall, good adherence to proper hand washing was found among 55.2% of the respondents. Respondents’ professional cadre and unit of work, and their level of knowledge and attitude toward proper hand washing practices were shown to be significantly associated with their adherence to the practice (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Individual and institution-level factors were found to influence adherence to proper hand washing practices among the respondents.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practice of hand washing among healthcare workers in a tertiary health facility in northwest Nigeria","authors":"M. Garba, Luka Uche","doi":"10.4103/jomt.jomt_16_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomt.jomt_16_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) affect 1.7 million patients at any time worldwide, causing important morbidity and mortality. Up to 40% of all HAIs are thought to be transmitted by the hands of healthcare workers (HCWs). Hand washing is the most effective way of preventing the spread of infectious diseases in healthcare settings. This study assessed knowledge and practice hand washing among HCWs in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, a tertiary healthcare center in Zaria, Kaduna State, northwestern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 116 HCWs selected using stratified sampling technique. Data were collected using interviewer-administered semistructured questionnaire and observation checklist using Epi Info mobile version 7.2.0.1 (United States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), February 2018). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Results: Respondents of the study were nurses (37.9%), doctors (31.9%), and laboratory (18.1%) and supportive (12.1%) staff. About three-quarter (72.4%) of the HCWs had good knowledge and 62.0% exhibited positive attitude toward hand washing technique, based on the World Health Organization recommendations. Overall, good adherence to proper hand washing was found among 55.2% of the respondents. Respondents’ professional cadre and unit of work, and their level of knowledge and attitude toward proper hand washing practices were shown to be significantly associated with their adherence to the practice (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Individual and institution-level factors were found to influence adherence to proper hand washing practices among the respondents.","PeriodicalId":16477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine in the Tropics","volume":"25 1","pages":"73 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85815609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Pregnancy, though a physiological phenomenon, is sometimes associated with complications requiring blood transfusion. Effective and safe blood transfusion services require a working database of the frequencies and distribution of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) (D) blood groups. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the frequencies and distribution of ABO and Rh (D) blood groups among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 210 pregnant women who presented to the booking section of the clinic were recruited for the study. Sociodemographic information of the patients was obtained using a semistructured interviewer-administered questionnaire. ABO and Rh (D) blood groups were determined by the agglutination method using potent monoclonal anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D reagents. Results: Blood groups O, B, A, and AB accounted for 98 (46.7%), 53 (25.2%), 45 (21.4%), and 14 (6.7%), respectively. Rh (D) positivity was 202 (96.2%) whereas Rh (D) negativity was 8 (3.8%). Conclusion: ABO phenotype O blood group is the most common among pregnant women in this environment with the majority being Rh (D) positive.
{"title":"Frequencies of ABO and Rhesus (D) blood group phenotypes among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria","authors":"I. Mukhtar, A. Abdulkadir","doi":"10.4103/jomt.jomt_4_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomt.jomt_4_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pregnancy, though a physiological phenomenon, is sometimes associated with complications requiring blood transfusion. Effective and safe blood transfusion services require a working database of the frequencies and distribution of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) (D) blood groups. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the frequencies and distribution of ABO and Rh (D) blood groups among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 210 pregnant women who presented to the booking section of the clinic were recruited for the study. Sociodemographic information of the patients was obtained using a semistructured interviewer-administered questionnaire. ABO and Rh (D) blood groups were determined by the agglutination method using potent monoclonal anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D reagents. Results: Blood groups O, B, A, and AB accounted for 98 (46.7%), 53 (25.2%), 45 (21.4%), and 14 (6.7%), respectively. Rh (D) positivity was 202 (96.2%) whereas Rh (D) negativity was 8 (3.8%). Conclusion: ABO phenotype O blood group is the most common among pregnant women in this environment with the majority being Rh (D) positive.","PeriodicalId":16477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine in the Tropics","volume":"45 1","pages":"31 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85439166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Amputation is a surgical ablation of a limb as a form of treatment. A survey of the attitude, perception, and acceptance of amputation was carried out to determine the level of knowledge and understanding of the indications and benefits, among adult patients and relatives at the Orthopaedic and Trauma Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. This study also involved survey among amputees to determine prospects of life after amputation. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which structured questionnaires were administered to adult patients and relatives at the Orthopaedic and Trauma Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital from May 2017 to November 2018. A second questionnaire was administered to few amputees and the data obtained from the study was analyzed using SPSS. Results: A total of 332 respondents were interviewed. The mean age was 43 ± 19.4 years. There were 194 (58.4%) males and 138 (41.6%) females. Two hundred ninety-nine respondents (90%) had knowledge of amputation as a treatment method whereas 21 (6.3%) had no knowledge. Two hundred twenty-six respondents (68%) were aware of the importance of prosthesis. Seven (17.9%) were able to return to their initial work whereas eight (20.5%) were able to secure work other than their initial work. Conclusion: Majority of the respondents had good knowledge of amputation as well as the indications for amputation. Few of the amputees interviewed were able to return to their preamputation work; therefore, there is the need for improved social support, better rehabilitation, and occupational therapy in developing countries.
{"title":"Attitude, perception, acceptance, and life after amputation as seen in Lagos University Teaching Hospital","authors":"G. Enweluzo, O. Ogbeide, O. Akinbode","doi":"10.4103/jomt.jomt_5_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomt.jomt_5_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Amputation is a surgical ablation of a limb as a form of treatment. A survey of the attitude, perception, and acceptance of amputation was carried out to determine the level of knowledge and understanding of the indications and benefits, among adult patients and relatives at the Orthopaedic and Trauma Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. This study also involved survey among amputees to determine prospects of life after amputation. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which structured questionnaires were administered to adult patients and relatives at the Orthopaedic and Trauma Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital from May 2017 to November 2018. A second questionnaire was administered to few amputees and the data obtained from the study was analyzed using SPSS. Results: A total of 332 respondents were interviewed. The mean age was 43 ± 19.4 years. There were 194 (58.4%) males and 138 (41.6%) females. Two hundred ninety-nine respondents (90%) had knowledge of amputation as a treatment method whereas 21 (6.3%) had no knowledge. Two hundred twenty-six respondents (68%) were aware of the importance of prosthesis. Seven (17.9%) were able to return to their initial work whereas eight (20.5%) were able to secure work other than their initial work. Conclusion: Majority of the respondents had good knowledge of amputation as well as the indications for amputation. Few of the amputees interviewed were able to return to their preamputation work; therefore, there is the need for improved social support, better rehabilitation, and occupational therapy in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":16477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine in the Tropics","volume":"41 4-10 1","pages":"37 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77812732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuberculous meningitis is a common differential diagnosis in tropical countries when a patient presents with prolonged fever, headache, and cranial nerve palsies. But here is a patient who presented with a short duration history but other clinical features and investigations strongly supported the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. What makes the case all the more interesting is that her blood investigations revealed a strongly positive test for West Nile virus infection. So the patient has tuberculous meningoencephaltis with West Nile virus coinfection, which has been rarely reported till date.
{"title":"A case of West Nile virus and tuberculosis coinfection","authors":"PV Shiji","doi":"10.4103/jomt.jomt_13_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomt.jomt_13_19","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculous meningitis is a common differential diagnosis in tropical countries when a patient presents with prolonged fever, headache, and cranial nerve palsies. But here is a patient who presented with a short duration history but other clinical features and investigations strongly supported the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. What makes the case all the more interesting is that her blood investigations revealed a strongly positive test for West Nile virus infection. So the patient has tuberculous meningoencephaltis with West Nile virus coinfection, which has been rarely reported till date.","PeriodicalId":16477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine in the Tropics","volume":"4 1","pages":"104 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76449657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bello, Paul Omachi, M. Adeboye, Abdulrasheed Adegboye
Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) are the latest intervention focused on ensuring global development. The failures of the millennium development goal, which was the previous global strategy, have been hinged on poor awareness and knowledge of critical stakeholders among other reasons for poor performance in most developing countries. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study among a group of critical stakeholders (health workers) to assess their awareness and knowledge of the SDGs since its inception in 2015. We used a scoring system for some key components of the SDGs and analyzed the obtained data. Results: Of the 103 health workers that partook, 63.1% were males and 36.9% were females. Forty-eight percent of the respondents had good knowledge of the SDGs. Male gender among the participants was predictive of good knowledge whereas the professional affiliation of the participants did not significantly predict good knowledge of the SDGs. Conclusionand Recommendation: Awareness and knowledge of SDGs among participants was good. We recommend the introduction of SDGs in the curriculum of health workers with special focus for female professionals to enhance attainment of the goals.
{"title":"Awareness and knowledge of sustainable development goals among health workers in Bida, north-central Nigeria","authors":"A. Bello, Paul Omachi, M. Adeboye, Abdulrasheed Adegboye","doi":"10.4103/jomt.jomt_3_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomt.jomt_3_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) are the latest intervention focused on ensuring global development. The failures of the millennium development goal, which was the previous global strategy, have been hinged on poor awareness and knowledge of critical stakeholders among other reasons for poor performance in most developing countries. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study among a group of critical stakeholders (health workers) to assess their awareness and knowledge of the SDGs since its inception in 2015. We used a scoring system for some key components of the SDGs and analyzed the obtained data. Results: Of the 103 health workers that partook, 63.1% were males and 36.9% were females. Forty-eight percent of the respondents had good knowledge of the SDGs. Male gender among the participants was predictive of good knowledge whereas the professional affiliation of the participants did not significantly predict good knowledge of the SDGs. Conclusionand Recommendation: Awareness and knowledge of SDGs among participants was good. We recommend the introduction of SDGs in the curriculum of health workers with special focus for female professionals to enhance attainment of the goals.","PeriodicalId":16477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine in the Tropics","volume":"507 1","pages":"26 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81395635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In spite of over a decade of operations, the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) of Nigeria has continuously been criticized for its quality of services. Healthcare consumer satisfaction surveys (an important measure of service quality worldwide) in this domain have presented differing accounts of satisfaction with the services of the NHIS from their vantage perspectives. This narrative review aimed at studying the preliminary trends in the utilization of and patient satisfaction with the NHIS services. The correlates of patient satisfaction were also studied. Materials and Methods: We searched local literature whose full texts were accessible using predominantly Google Scholar. Results: We found progressive improvement in scheme enrolment, service utilization, and above-average overall satisfaction scores (i.e., >50% of respondents were satisfied) from most studies. Overall satisfaction scores/ratings were associated patients’ level of education, knowledge of the scheme, years of enrolment, facility cleanliness, consultation time, pharmaceutical services, ease in accessing medical records and laboratory results, health worker availability, health worker friendliness, and responsiveness to patients’ requests. Conclusion: The observed trajectory in service utilization, satisfaction scores, and their correlates may be useful for strategic planning to improve NHIS services in the country toward universal health coverage.
{"title":"Trends and correlates of patient satisfaction with services under the National Health Insurance Scheme of Nigeria: A review","authors":"G. Michael, I. Aliyu, B. Grema","doi":"10.4103/jomt.jomt_35_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomt.jomt_35_18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In spite of over a decade of operations, the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) of Nigeria has continuously been criticized for its quality of services. Healthcare consumer satisfaction surveys (an important measure of service quality worldwide) in this domain have presented differing accounts of satisfaction with the services of the NHIS from their vantage perspectives. This narrative review aimed at studying the preliminary trends in the utilization of and patient satisfaction with the NHIS services. The correlates of patient satisfaction were also studied. Materials and Methods: We searched local literature whose full texts were accessible using predominantly Google Scholar. Results: We found progressive improvement in scheme enrolment, service utilization, and above-average overall satisfaction scores (i.e., >50% of respondents were satisfied) from most studies. Overall satisfaction scores/ratings were associated patients’ level of education, knowledge of the scheme, years of enrolment, facility cleanliness, consultation time, pharmaceutical services, ease in accessing medical records and laboratory results, health worker availability, health worker friendliness, and responsiveness to patients’ requests. Conclusion: The observed trajectory in service utilization, satisfaction scores, and their correlates may be useful for strategic planning to improve NHIS services in the country toward universal health coverage.","PeriodicalId":16477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine in the Tropics","volume":"22 1","pages":"1 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80185845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Nmadu, I. Joshua, V. Omole, N. Usman, Chinedu John Igboanusi, A. Gobir
Background: Demand and utilization of family planning (FP) in Northern Nigeria has been consistently low. Evidence from literature has demonstrated that male involvement in FP programming can be successful in increasing demand for FP services. Materials and Methods: A search of peer-reviewed and gray literature was carried out to explore the status of male awareness and utilization of FP methods, and the barriers to male involvement in FP, in Northern Nigeria. Results: Males in the region generally have a good awareness of FP. However, they had negative perceptions, low levels of usage of FP, and poor spousal communication about FP. Sociocultural and religious barriers played major roles in hindering male involvement in FP. Misconceptions about FP, such as that FP is a woman’s activity and that it also encourages promiscuity among women, were factors limiting its acceptance. Conclusion: There is a need to address the misconceptions and equip men with complete and correct information about FP. There is also a need for research on effective strategies to address the sociocultural and religious barriers to male involvement in FP in Northern Nigeria and the development of effective culturally sensitive male-involvement FP initiatives.
{"title":"Male involvement in family planning in Northern Nigeria: A review of literature","authors":"A. Nmadu, I. Joshua, V. Omole, N. Usman, Chinedu John Igboanusi, A. Gobir","doi":"10.4103/jomt.jomt_29_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomt.jomt_29_18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Demand and utilization of family planning (FP) in Northern Nigeria has been consistently low. Evidence from literature has demonstrated that male involvement in FP programming can be successful in increasing demand for FP services. Materials and Methods: A search of peer-reviewed and gray literature was carried out to explore the status of male awareness and utilization of FP methods, and the barriers to male involvement in FP, in Northern Nigeria. Results: Males in the region generally have a good awareness of FP. However, they had negative perceptions, low levels of usage of FP, and poor spousal communication about FP. Sociocultural and religious barriers played major roles in hindering male involvement in FP. Misconceptions about FP, such as that FP is a woman’s activity and that it also encourages promiscuity among women, were factors limiting its acceptance. Conclusion: There is a need to address the misconceptions and equip men with complete and correct information about FP. There is also a need for research on effective strategies to address the sociocultural and religious barriers to male involvement in FP in Northern Nigeria and the development of effective culturally sensitive male-involvement FP initiatives.","PeriodicalId":16477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine in the Tropics","volume":"408 1","pages":"6 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91430086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sarada, V. Thejasri, M. Kalyan, G. Krishna, A. Deepika, A. Sindhuja, A. Nayyar
Context and Aim: Hematological abnormalities are among the most common complications of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There have been quite a few studies on the alterations in lipid profile, too, although the results have largely been inconclusive. The present study was carried out to assess CD4 cell counts and lipid profile in the HIV-infected and AIDS patients in the Indian population and correlate them with the seronegative controls. Materials and Methods: The present study was designed as a cross-sectional, hospital-based study conducted between January 2017 to September 2017 to assess CD4 cell counts and lipid profile in the HIV-infected and AIDS patients in the Indian population and correlate them with the seronegative controls. Evaluation of lipid profile was done using Erba EM 360, an automated analyzer powered by a diffraction grating photometer, whereas CD4 cell counts were evaluated using Partec Cyflow Counter. Statistical Analysis: The data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Comparison of the said parameters was done using analysis of variance and post hoc Games-Howell test. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) were significantly decreased whereas triglycerides and very LDLs were significantly increased in the HIV-infected and AIDS patients when compared with the seronegative controls. Conclusion: Total cholesterol, LDLs, triglycerides, and very LDLs were significantly altered in the HIV-infected and AIDS patients when compared with the seronegative controls.
背景和目的:血液学异常是感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)最常见的并发症之一。也有不少关于血脂变化的研究，尽管结果在很大程度上是不确定的。本研究旨在评估印度人群中艾滋病毒感染者和艾滋病患者的CD4细胞计数和脂质谱，并将其与血清阴性对照相关联。材料和方法:本研究设计为一项横断面、基于医院的研究，于2017年1月至2017年9月进行，旨在评估印度人群中hiv感染和艾滋病患者的CD4细胞计数和脂质谱，并将其与血清阴性对照相关联。脂质谱评估使用Erba EM 360(由衍射光栅光度计驱动的自动分析仪)完成，而CD4细胞计数评估使用Partec Cyflow计数器。统计分析:使用SPSS 15.0 (SPSS Inc.， Chicago, IL, USA)对数据进行分析。使用方差分析和事后Games-Howell检验对上述参数进行比较。P值<0.05认为有统计学意义。结果:与血清阴性对照相比，hiv感染者和艾滋病患者的总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白(ldl)水平显著降低，甘油三酯和极低密度脂蛋白(ldl)水平显著升高。结论:与血清阴性对照相比，hiv感染者和艾滋病患者的总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯和极低密度脂蛋白明显改变。
{"title":"Dyslipidemia in HIV infected and AIDS patients: Association of serum lipids with HIV status, a cross-sectional study","authors":"M. Sarada, V. Thejasri, M. Kalyan, G. Krishna, A. Deepika, A. Sindhuja, A. Nayyar","doi":"10.4103/jomt.jomt_1_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomt.jomt_1_19","url":null,"abstract":"Context and Aim: Hematological abnormalities are among the most common complications of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There have been quite a few studies on the alterations in lipid profile, too, although the results have largely been inconclusive. The present study was carried out to assess CD4 cell counts and lipid profile in the HIV-infected and AIDS patients in the Indian population and correlate them with the seronegative controls. Materials and Methods: The present study was designed as a cross-sectional, hospital-based study conducted between January 2017 to September 2017 to assess CD4 cell counts and lipid profile in the HIV-infected and AIDS patients in the Indian population and correlate them with the seronegative controls. Evaluation of lipid profile was done using Erba EM 360, an automated analyzer powered by a diffraction grating photometer, whereas CD4 cell counts were evaluated using Partec Cyflow Counter. Statistical Analysis: The data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Comparison of the said parameters was done using analysis of variance and post hoc Games-Howell test. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) were significantly decreased whereas triglycerides and very LDLs were significantly increased in the HIV-infected and AIDS patients when compared with the seronegative controls. Conclusion: Total cholesterol, LDLs, triglycerides, and very LDLs were significantly altered in the HIV-infected and AIDS patients when compared with the seronegative controls.","PeriodicalId":16477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine in the Tropics","volume":"23 1","pages":"20 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83245865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Obstetric anesthesia service is peculiar in the practice of anesthesia because the anesthetist has to contend with the presence of two lives (the mother and the fetus) and the influence of changes in maternal physiology resulting from pregnancy. Cesarean section is the most frequently performed surgical procedure in obstetrics. With the increasing rates of cesarean deliveries in both developing and developed world, an audit of the outcome of anesthetic management is paramount to assess the safety of the procedure. Objective: The aim of this article is to audit obstetric anesthesia practice in the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin, Nigeria. Methods: The study was a total population study of all obstetric patients who had cesarean delivery at the UITH from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014. Results: A total of 14,155 deliveries were recorded from 2010 to 2014 out of which 3908 were cesarean sections giving a cesarean section rate of 27.6%. Ninety percent of the surgeries were emergencies. The most frequent indication for cesarean section was cephalopelvic disproportion (28.7%). Regional anesthesia was used in 92.1% whereas 7.9% had general anesthesia. The most frequent critical incident was hypotension (15.8%). Conclusion: Spinal anesthesia is the most frequently used form of anesthesia for cesarean section.
{"title":"Anesthesia for cesarean section in the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria: A 5-year review","authors":"O. Ige, O. Oyedepo, K. Adesina, Isoken Enaworu","doi":"10.4103/jomt.jomt_37_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomt.jomt_37_18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obstetric anesthesia service is peculiar in the practice of anesthesia because the anesthetist has to contend with the presence of two lives (the mother and the fetus) and the influence of changes in maternal physiology resulting from pregnancy. Cesarean section is the most frequently performed surgical procedure in obstetrics. With the increasing rates of cesarean deliveries in both developing and developed world, an audit of the outcome of anesthetic management is paramount to assess the safety of the procedure. Objective: The aim of this article is to audit obstetric anesthesia practice in the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin, Nigeria. Methods: The study was a total population study of all obstetric patients who had cesarean delivery at the UITH from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014. Results: A total of 14,155 deliveries were recorded from 2010 to 2014 out of which 3908 were cesarean sections giving a cesarean section rate of 27.6%. Ninety percent of the surgeries were emergencies. The most frequent indication for cesarean section was cephalopelvic disproportion (28.7%). Regional anesthesia was used in 92.1% whereas 7.9% had general anesthesia. The most frequent critical incident was hypotension (15.8%). Conclusion: Spinal anesthesia is the most frequently used form of anesthesia for cesarean section.","PeriodicalId":16477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine in the Tropics","volume":"1 1","pages":"10 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76771122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：