Dwi Anggita Putri, Meliana Sari Samosir, Dedi Irwanto, L. R. Susanti
This study was conducted to determine the formation of the upper class stratification of the Kingdom of Kediri by Brahmin education. This kingdom is a fractional kingdom of the Medang Kamula Kingdom or it can also be called the Isyana Kingdom. The kingdom of Kediri gave a lot of color to civilization in the archipelago which was then named Indonesia at this time. The Kingdom of Kediri had a fairly wide area of power during its golden age, so in this study the author wanted to find out how the education of brahmins during the time of the Kingdom of Kediri was, like what the highest social stratification or top class existed in the society of the Kingdom of Kediri and the correlation of brahmin education to the formation of the upper class. in the Kingdom of Kediri. The method used in this study is the historical method with data collection carried out by searching for sources or data contained in books, journals, and articles related to the Kingdom of Kediri. The results in this article indicate that it can be used as an interesting material for teaching about the Kediri Kingdom and can be knowledge for the readers of this research.
{"title":"ESTABLISHMENT OF KEDIRI KINGDOM HIGH CLASS STRATIFICATION BY BRAHMANIC EDUCATION","authors":"Dwi Anggita Putri, Meliana Sari Samosir, Dedi Irwanto, L. R. Susanti","doi":"10.55327/jaash.v8i2.267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v8i2.267","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the formation of the upper class stratification of the Kingdom of Kediri by Brahmin education. This kingdom is a fractional kingdom of the Medang Kamula Kingdom or it can also be called the Isyana Kingdom. The kingdom of Kediri gave a lot of color to civilization in the archipelago which was then named Indonesia at this time. The Kingdom of Kediri had a fairly wide area of power during its golden age, so in this study the author wanted to find out how the education of brahmins during the time of the Kingdom of Kediri was, like what the highest social stratification or top class existed in the society of the Kingdom of Kediri and the correlation of brahmin education to the formation of the upper class. in the Kingdom of Kediri. The method used in this study is the historical method with data collection carried out by searching for sources or data contained in books, journals, and articles related to the Kingdom of Kediri. The results in this article indicate that it can be used as an interesting material for teaching about the Kediri Kingdom and can be knowledge for the readers of this research.","PeriodicalId":164854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128473928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Employees are the most important asset of any organization. In competitive business market every organization necessary to trained employees to perform their job properly. The success of the bank depends on the service providing to the client of the bank. Training and development program is the continuous process of the organizations that helps to improves their skills, knowledge, and abilities. Training and development helps to the better performance of employees. Basically the success of the organizations depends on employee performance where these abilities gather from the well trained and effective development procedure. The purpose of this survey is to find out the influence of training and development on employees’ productivity. The study found out that banks are always aware of training and development programs for the reason of productivity. Under this survey, it has been found that every state-owned bank provides more than 40 types of training to their employees. The study suggests that there is need for continuous training and development for improving skill, upgrading knowledge, to retain to talent, increase job satisfaction, enhance productivity, well communicate abilities with their employees and earn more profit. Finally, this study has found that the services of training and development have significant influence on employee performance. In today’s modern banking era, innovation of various types of training and development program method practices is increasing the efficiency of employees. As a result, it is putting a bank at the beginning of the race for success.
{"title":"IMPACT OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A STUDY ON STATE OWN COMMERCIAL BANKS OF BANGLADESH.","authors":"Husne Jahan Chowdhury, Kamal Uddin","doi":"10.55327/jaash.v8i2.266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v8i2.266","url":null,"abstract":"Employees are the most important asset of any organization. In competitive business market every organization necessary to trained employees to perform their job properly. The success of the bank depends on the service providing to the client of the bank. Training and development program is the continuous process of the organizations that helps to improves their skills, knowledge, and abilities. Training and development helps to the better performance of employees. Basically the success of the organizations depends on employee performance where these abilities gather from the well trained and effective development procedure. The purpose of this survey is to find out the influence of training and development on employees’ productivity. The study found out that banks are always aware of training and development programs for the reason of productivity. Under this survey, it has been found that every state-owned bank provides more than 40 types of training to their employees. The study suggests that there is need for continuous training and development for improving skill, upgrading knowledge, to retain to talent, increase job satisfaction, enhance productivity, well communicate abilities with their employees and earn more profit. Finally, this study has found that the services of training and development have significant influence on employee performance. In today’s modern banking era, innovation of various types of training and development program method practices is increasing the efficiency of employees. As a result, it is putting a bank at the beginning of the race for success.","PeriodicalId":164854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities","volume":"622 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123253033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the design of female portrayal and their journey from submissiveness to independence within the subjugation of male-dominated India which makes space for women and enables them to grow as new faces. It can be described as a new face of self-awareness for female characters that will ultimately facilitate their journey on the path to self-independence. The study scrutinizes the novel The God of Small Things (1997) through female characters who are curving emancipation in the realm of patriarchal oppression. Most Indian women face current risks stemming from traditional gender roles. The worst social and economic conditions for Indian women were described in this way by Arundhati Roy. As a divorced woman, the life of Ammu with her parents and brother was not comfortable, and they treated her and her children in an awful way. Instead of these ill-treatments, some women desire to be emancipated from existing prejudiced social norms. The study forms a pragmatic combination with feminist theory that seeks to understand the response to the subjugated obstacle of patriarchal society posed by female characters. The protagonist expresses her anger and frustration at the difficulties they face in maintaining the boundaries of social space in which they can make limited progress. The study examines how the female characters eventually become emancipated by their self-consciousness and how female characters emerged as new icons in the subjugated patriarchal society.
{"title":"NEW FACE OF INDIAN WOMEN IN ARUNDHATI ROY’S THE GOD OF SMALL THINGS","authors":"Jahirul Islam","doi":"10.55327/jaash.v8i2.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v8i2.269","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the design of female portrayal and their journey from submissiveness to independence within the subjugation of male-dominated India which makes space for women and enables them to grow as new faces. It can be described as a new face of self-awareness for female characters that will ultimately facilitate their journey on the path to self-independence. The study scrutinizes the novel The God of Small Things (1997) through female characters who are curving emancipation in the realm of patriarchal oppression. Most Indian women face current risks stemming from traditional gender roles. The worst social and economic conditions for Indian women were described in this way by Arundhati Roy. As a divorced woman, the life of Ammu with her parents and brother was not comfortable, and they treated her and her children in an awful way. Instead of these ill-treatments, some women desire to be emancipated from existing prejudiced social norms. The study forms a pragmatic combination with feminist theory that seeks to understand the response to the subjugated obstacle of patriarchal society posed by female characters. The protagonist expresses her anger and frustration at the difficulties they face in maintaining the boundaries of social space in which they can make limited progress. The study examines how the female characters eventually become emancipated by their self-consciousness and how female characters emerged as new icons in the subjugated patriarchal society. ","PeriodicalId":164854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122588119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study analyses the maritime claims and maritime boundaries of Bangladesh and the Kingdom of Norway (Norway), including mainland Norway, the Svalbard archipelago, and the island of Jan Mayen. The object of this study is to explore the maritime boundary delimitation process followed by Bangladesh and Norway and to find out similarities between both countries in such delimitation. It is qualitative research. In identifying and interpreting data both primary and secondary sources are considered. Primary sources include international treaties, agreements, statutes, case decisions etc. whereas, secondary sources include books, journal articles, and reports of national and international organizations etc. Findings of the study reveal that there is a similarity in the maritime claims of both the countries. Both Bangladesh and Norway claimed straight baselines, 12 nautical mile territorial sea, 24 nautical mile contiguous zone, 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone and extended continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles. They have also completed maritime boundary settlement with all the neighbours.
{"title":"APPRAISAL ON MARITIME BOUNDARY DELIMITATION BY BANGLADESH AND NORWAY","authors":"Md. Zahidul Islam, Md. Asraful Islam","doi":"10.55327/jaash.v8i1.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v8i1.265","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyses the maritime claims and maritime boundaries of Bangladesh and the Kingdom of Norway (Norway), including mainland Norway, the Svalbard archipelago, and the island of Jan Mayen. The object of this study is to explore the maritime boundary delimitation process followed by Bangladesh and Norway and to find out similarities between both countries in such delimitation. It is qualitative research. In identifying and interpreting data both primary and secondary sources are considered. Primary sources include international treaties, agreements, statutes, case decisions etc. whereas, secondary sources include books, journal articles, and reports of national and international organizations etc. Findings of the study reveal that there is a similarity in the maritime claims of both the countries. Both Bangladesh and Norway claimed straight baselines, 12 nautical mile territorial sea, 24 nautical mile contiguous zone, 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone and extended continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles. They have also completed maritime boundary settlement with all the neighbours.","PeriodicalId":164854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114962907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immunisation is considered as one of the modern medical marvels, an instrument against communicable diseases. Saving millions of lives every year from deadly diseases. It is well established that life is sacred in Islamic law and as such Islamic legal maxims and objectives of Islamic law ensure the safety and security of human life. While Islamic law ensures the safety and security of life, it also emphasises on the important of avoiding prohibited processes and ingredients by Muslims. Thus the legality and permissibility of any preventive or medical treatment is based on the legality of its process, permissibility of ingredients used and necessity of such a process or ingredient in accordance to objectives of Islamic law. This paper explores the legality of immunisation in Islamic law by analysing objectives of Islamic law and Islamic legal maxims to establish Islamic medical ethics and legality of precautionary medical measures. Data is obtained by analysing primary sources of Islamic law, conventional and contemporary scholarly literature, Also this paper briefly discusses the legality of vaccine mandates, social distancing and lock-downs in Islamic law.
{"title":"LEGALITY OF IMMUNISATION IN ISLAMIC LAW","authors":"Noor Shuhadawati Mohamad Amin, Ahmed Affan Shafy","doi":"10.55327/jaash.v8i1.259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v8i1.259","url":null,"abstract":"Immunisation is considered as one of the modern medical marvels, an instrument against communicable diseases. Saving millions of lives every year from deadly diseases. It is well established that life is sacred in Islamic law and as such Islamic legal maxims and objectives of Islamic law ensure the safety and security of human life. While Islamic law ensures the safety and security of life, it also emphasises on the important of avoiding prohibited processes and ingredients by Muslims. Thus the legality and permissibility of any preventive or medical treatment is based on the legality of its process, permissibility of ingredients used and necessity of such a process or ingredient in accordance to objectives of Islamic law. This paper explores the legality of immunisation in Islamic law by analysing objectives of Islamic law and Islamic legal maxims to establish Islamic medical ethics and legality of precautionary medical measures. Data is obtained by analysing primary sources of Islamic law, conventional and contemporary scholarly literature, Also this paper briefly discusses the legality of vaccine mandates, social distancing and lock-downs in Islamic law.","PeriodicalId":164854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128356329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Putting empathy at the center of instructional design process is considered to result in superior learning experiences for learners as the materials designed this way address their specific learning and developmental needs. Designing with empathy requires the use of realistic personas in order to keep the exercise focused, and to enable the designer to “walk in the shoes†of the intended learners. But personas are versatile constructs that need to be constantly revised and updated to reflect the evolving needs of the people they represent. This is particularly true in early childhood where changing environmental factors due to the restrictions imposed by the covid-19 pandemic have led to changes in the social development of preschoolers, changes in teaching strategies, and a requirement for a dispersed, individually-focused approach to teaching and learning. The framework proposed here will enable instructional designers to construct relatable personas that reflect realistic learner needs as well as identify pain/need areas in individual learners that would require that materials and teaching strategies be tailored to address them.
{"title":"PUTTING EMPATHY AT THE CENTER OF INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN PROCESS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD: DISMANTLING AND RE-CONSTRUCTING PERSONAS","authors":"Dimpho Kgakgamatso Oganetse","doi":"10.55327/jaash.v8i1.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v8i1.247","url":null,"abstract":"Putting empathy at the center of instructional design process is considered to result in superior learning experiences for learners as the materials designed this way address their specific learning and developmental needs. Designing with empathy requires the use of realistic personas in order to keep the exercise focused, and to enable the designer to “walk in the shoes†of the intended learners. But personas are versatile constructs that need to be constantly revised and updated to reflect the evolving needs of the people they represent. This is particularly true in early childhood where changing environmental factors due to the restrictions imposed by the covid-19 pandemic have led to changes in the social development of preschoolers, changes in teaching strategies, and a requirement for a dispersed, individually-focused approach to teaching and learning. The framework proposed here will enable instructional designers to construct relatable personas that reflect realistic learner needs as well as identify pain/need areas in individual learners that would require that materials and teaching strategies be tailored to address them.","PeriodicalId":164854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116900064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mia, Md. Zahidul Islam, M. Billah, Md. Asraful Islam, Md. Norullah
Legally, a child is a person between birth and puberty who is generally a minor, also known as an individual younger than a major. Accordingly, based on the recent statistics, Bangladesh is home to over 160 million people, where more than 64 million children make up around 40 percent of the population. Many of these children continue to live below the global poverty line. Though children should have basic rights including food, education, well-being and nutrition, security, upbringing, entertainment, safe drinking, disinfection, and cleaning, these fundamental rights have been deprived of the rights of most descendants in Bangladesh. Hence, this study aims to examine firstly, the regulatory framework protecting children in Bangladesh that includes: international standards of child protection, international commitments of Bangladesh government, critical analysis of Children Act 1974, Children Rules 1976, and Children Act 2013 of Bangladesh, and National Policies and Action Plans on children protection and their shortcomings. Secondly, this study outlines a critical evaluation of domestic standards to protect children in the current Bangladeshi practices. It is a qualitative research. Secondary sources textbook, journal articles and case commentaries are used to examine the guarantee of children rights and to evaluate the applicability of laws within the country. The results of the study show that although there are several laws and policies to protect children in Bangladesh, children are still being exploited and ill-treated. Therefore, legal reforms should be introduced to combat the situation.
{"title":"AN ANALYSIS OF REGULATORY FRAMEWORK OF CHILD PROTECTION IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. Mia, Md. Zahidul Islam, M. Billah, Md. Asraful Islam, Md. Norullah","doi":"10.55327/jaash.v8i1.260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v8i1.260","url":null,"abstract":"Legally, a child is a person between birth and puberty who is generally a minor, also known as an individual younger than a major. Accordingly, based on the recent statistics, Bangladesh is home to over 160 million people, where more than 64 million children make up around 40 percent of the population. Many of these children continue to live below the global poverty line. Though children should have basic rights including food, education, well-being and nutrition, security, upbringing, entertainment, safe drinking, disinfection, and cleaning, these fundamental rights have been deprived of the rights of most descendants in Bangladesh. Hence, this study aims to examine firstly, the regulatory framework protecting children in Bangladesh that includes: international standards of child protection, international commitments of Bangladesh government, critical analysis of Children Act 1974, Children Rules 1976, and Children Act 2013 of Bangladesh, and National Policies and Action Plans on children protection and their shortcomings. Secondly, this study outlines a critical evaluation of domestic standards to protect children in the current Bangladeshi practices. It is a qualitative research. Secondary sources textbook, journal articles and case commentaries are used to examine the guarantee of children rights and to evaluate the applicability of laws within the country. The results of the study show that although there are several laws and policies to protect children in Bangladesh, children are still being exploited and ill-treated. Therefore, legal reforms should be introduced to combat the situation.","PeriodicalId":164854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115695286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purposes of financing method are to maintain the smoothness of financial return and to mitigate the risk of default, especially for microfinance institutions. It is similar to the 5Cs in banking. However, Islamic microfinance institutions have quite striking differences in practice. This research aimed to analyze the risk management of financing method on Sharia Micro Financing Institutions (SMFIs) in Indonesia with ERM (Enterprise Risk Management) approach classifying the risks become 4 part; strategic risks, operations risks, reporting risks, and compliance risks. The research method was a qualitative descriptive study by breaking down risk events into 2 categories, namely the financing process and the financing actors. The financing process was divided into 3 stages, namely pre-processing, processing, and post-processing. While, the financing actors were debtors, creditors, and funding source institutions. The data collection methods were observation, in-depth interview, and library research. This research identified 64 risk events. The risk that most often faced by financing actors was the one inherent in the debtor. While, the risk that mostly faced by creditors was during the pre-financing process. The highest undesirable risks were debtor’s misunderstanding of sharia and interest-based contracts, misassessment of the company propriety, and difficulty in insurance claims.
{"title":"RISK MAPPING ON LENDING METHOD OF SHARIA MICRO FINANCING INSTITUTION (INDONESIA EVIDENCE)","authors":"Aminata Sukriya, Jibria Ratna Yasir, Fasiha Kamal","doi":"10.55327/jaash.v8i1.252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v8i1.252","url":null,"abstract":"The purposes of financing method are to maintain the smoothness of financial return and to mitigate the risk of default, especially for microfinance institutions. It is similar to the 5Cs in banking. However, Islamic microfinance institutions have quite striking differences in practice. This research aimed to analyze the risk management of financing method on Sharia Micro Financing Institutions (SMFIs) in Indonesia with ERM (Enterprise Risk Management) approach classifying the risks become 4 part; strategic risks, operations risks, reporting risks, and compliance risks. The research method was a qualitative descriptive study by breaking down risk events into 2 categories, namely the financing process and the financing actors. The financing process was divided into 3 stages, namely pre-processing, processing, and post-processing. While, the financing actors were debtors, creditors, and funding source institutions. \u0000The data collection methods were observation, in-depth interview, and library research. This research identified 64 risk events. The risk that most often faced by financing actors was the one inherent in the debtor. While, the risk that mostly faced by creditors was during the pre-financing process. The highest undesirable risks were debtor’s misunderstanding of sharia and interest-based contracts, misassessment of the company propriety, and difficulty in insurance claims.","PeriodicalId":164854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116574909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aceh's forest is a biosphere reserve, a world heritage, and a natural habitat for animals, such as the Sumatran tiger, Ceumpala Kuneng, and Sumatran elephant. However, Aceh's forests are currently experiencing a deficit related to uncontrolled land conversion, among others due to forest conversion to oil palm land, gold mining, illegal logging, and illegal new stone mining. Although Aceh's forest area as of 2019 was 2,989,212 hectares, the damage figure reached 15,140 hectares. Thus, this study aims to create a model of Aceh’s forest waqf to protect it from the natural damage caused by humans. This qualitative research utilized the ANP (Analytic Network Process) analysis tool. The study results revealed that the most important factors for Aceh's forest waqf model were components of forest waqf, companies, and the government. Forest waqf solutions include infaq and shadaqah fund solutions, waqf institutions, and full-time nazhir (waqf manager). The company's solutions encompass institutional audits, citizen patrols, and reporting. Meanwhile, the government's solution can be in the form of a limitation solution, policy evaluation, and local government involvement. Besides, the strategy of forest waqf in protecting indigenous forests in Aceh Province can be in the form of synergies between forest waqf and BAZNAS (National Zakat Amil Agency), monitoring local officials, and granting authority to local governments.
{"title":"FOREST WAQF STRATEGY IN PROTECTING INDIGENOUS FORESTS IN ACEH PROVINCE","authors":"Lukman Hamdani, Bayu Taufiq Pasummah","doi":"10.55327/jaash.v7i4.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v7i4.249","url":null,"abstract":"Aceh's forest is a biosphere reserve, a world heritage, and a natural habitat for animals, such as the Sumatran tiger, Ceumpala Kuneng, and Sumatran elephant. However, Aceh's forests are currently experiencing a deficit related to uncontrolled land conversion, among others due to forest conversion to oil palm land, gold mining, illegal logging, and illegal new stone mining. Although Aceh's forest area as of 2019 was 2,989,212 hectares, the damage figure reached 15,140 hectares. Thus, this study aims to create a model of Aceh’s forest waqf to protect it from the natural damage caused by humans. This qualitative research utilized the ANP (Analytic Network Process) analysis tool. The study results revealed that the most important factors for Aceh's forest waqf model were components of forest waqf, companies, and the government. Forest waqf solutions include infaq and shadaqah fund solutions, waqf institutions, and full-time nazhir (waqf manager). The company's solutions encompass institutional audits, citizen patrols, and reporting. Meanwhile, the government's solution can be in the form of a limitation solution, policy evaluation, and local government involvement. Besides, the strategy of forest waqf in protecting indigenous forests in Aceh Province can be in the form of synergies between forest waqf and BAZNAS (National Zakat Amil Agency), monitoring local officials, and granting authority to local governments.","PeriodicalId":164854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities","volume":"237 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115094235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paradigm of the Waqf system has shifted from movable and immovable properties such as land Waqf, cash Waqf and others but also to the employment of electronic or e-Waqf system. Thus, the objectives of the current study are to focus on three major research questions which are: exploring the usability of the e-Waqf system in the Nigerian context; determining the challenges of e-Waqf system implementation and recommending prospects of e-Waqf implementation for better waqf governance. The study employs a qualitative approach using semi-structured interview questions to gather the information from (6) informants of e-banking expertise and (3) Waqf managers or “Mutawalli†in Nigeria. Qualitative research methods are most appropriate in situations in which little is known about a phenomenon or when attempts are being made to generate new theories. The findings of the current study indicate that online Waqf has been established as a viable solution to improve wealth redistribution amongst Muslims in Kuwait and Malaysia. In this study, online Waqf is generally referred to as Muslims’ donation in the form of cash that is performed via electronic means (e.g. Internet banking facilities). If it is offered through internet banking facilities, online Waqf is therefore viewed as one of the services that are necessary to be provided by Islamic banks.
{"title":"E-WAQF IMPLEMENTATION: A PARADIGM SHIFT IN NIGERIA WAQF SYSTEM","authors":"Mohammad Jamiu Salman, N. Mohamad, M. Sadique","doi":"10.55327/jaash.v7i4.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v7i4.255","url":null,"abstract":"The paradigm of the Waqf system has shifted from movable and immovable properties such as land Waqf, cash Waqf and others but also to the employment of electronic or e-Waqf system. Thus, the objectives of the current study are to focus on three major research questions which are: exploring the usability of the e-Waqf system in the Nigerian context; determining the challenges of e-Waqf system implementation and recommending prospects of e-Waqf implementation for better waqf governance. The study employs a qualitative approach using semi-structured interview questions to gather the information from (6) informants of e-banking expertise and (3) Waqf managers or “Mutawalli†in Nigeria. Qualitative research methods are most appropriate in situations in which little is known about a phenomenon or when attempts are being made to generate new theories. The findings of the current study indicate that online Waqf has been established as a viable solution to improve wealth redistribution amongst Muslims in Kuwait and Malaysia. In this study, online Waqf is generally referred to as Muslims’ donation in the form of cash that is performed via electronic means (e.g. Internet banking facilities). If it is offered through internet banking facilities, online Waqf is therefore viewed as one of the services that are necessary to be provided by Islamic banks.","PeriodicalId":164854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124719630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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