– The Paleoproterozoic basement of Kabul Block is a cratonic basement in north eastern Afghanistan. Precambrian Kabul Block including metamorphic rocks only takes place at the base of the study area. The Neo-Proterozoic Welayati formation overlies the Paleo-Proterozoic Sherdarwaza formation with a tectonic contact, and they both overlay Khair Khana formation. In the region, Alghoi meta granitoid intruded into both Khair Khana and Sherdarwaza formations. The Khair Khana formation contains of granulites, granitic gneisses ve amphibolites. The mineral assemblages of granulites are plagioclase + quartz + K-feldspar + orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene (diopside/augite). Granitic gneisses are observed as hornblende gneiss, garnet-biotite gneiss and pyroxene-gneiss. Hornblende-gneisses include hornblende + quartz + K-feldspar mineral assemblage, garnet-biotite gneisses ± ilmenite ± monazite mineral assemblage. Garnet-mica schists and kyanite-garnet-mica schists include quartz + plagioclase + biotite + muscovite + kyanite + garnet ± chlorite ± apatite ± tourmaline ± sphene ± rutile. In garnet-muscovite schists, muscovite + quartz + plagioclase + garnet ± tourmaline ± apatite ± zircon are observed. The granulites in Kabul Block are together with granite gneisses, and they can be separated under one formation. Granulites show different mineral compositions, Usually, they are without garnet, in some cases they include garnet. The amount of plagioclase is higher in them according to other rocks. In some cases, the composition of granulites is very similar to that of quartz mangarites that indicates high temperature and pressure of the metamorphism process and shows that this block is related to a segment of Columbia and Rodinia supercontinents during Paleoproterozoic collisional events.
{"title":"Geology, Petrographic Characteristics and Tectonic Structure of Paleoproterozoic basement of Kabul Block (North Eastern Afghanistan), Initial Findings","authors":"Gürsel Kansun, A. Afzali","doi":"10.36287/ijmsit.6.1.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36287/ijmsit.6.1.117","url":null,"abstract":"– The Paleoproterozoic basement of Kabul Block is a cratonic basement in north eastern Afghanistan. Precambrian Kabul Block including metamorphic rocks only takes place at the base of the study area. The Neo-Proterozoic Welayati formation overlies the Paleo-Proterozoic Sherdarwaza formation with a tectonic contact, and they both overlay Khair Khana formation. In the region, Alghoi meta granitoid intruded into both Khair Khana and Sherdarwaza formations. The Khair Khana formation contains of granulites, granitic gneisses ve amphibolites. The mineral assemblages of granulites are plagioclase + quartz + K-feldspar + orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene (diopside/augite). Granitic gneisses are observed as hornblende gneiss, garnet-biotite gneiss and pyroxene-gneiss. Hornblende-gneisses include hornblende + quartz + K-feldspar mineral assemblage, garnet-biotite gneisses ± ilmenite ± monazite mineral assemblage. Garnet-mica schists and kyanite-garnet-mica schists include quartz + plagioclase + biotite + muscovite + kyanite + garnet ± chlorite ± apatite ± tourmaline ± sphene ± rutile. In garnet-muscovite schists, muscovite + quartz + plagioclase + garnet ± tourmaline ± apatite ± zircon are observed. The granulites in Kabul Block are together with granite gneisses, and they can be separated under one formation. Granulites show different mineral compositions, Usually, they are without garnet, in some cases they include garnet. The amount of plagioclase is higher in them according to other rocks. In some cases, the composition of granulites is very similar to that of quartz mangarites that indicates high temperature and pressure of the metamorphism process and shows that this block is related to a segment of Columbia and Rodinia supercontinents during Paleoproterozoic collisional events.","PeriodicalId":166049,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116881418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extended Abstract As the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices increases day by day, attacks against these devices are also increasing. In this study, methods of ensuring security in IoT devices and attacks on IoT devices are discussed, and the importance of zero-trust architecture in ensuring IoT security is explained. In addition, the defense rates of padding methods against machine learning used by the attacker are shown and the defense methods used with machine learning techniques are explained. For this purpose, machine learning methods that are effective on attacks, attacks and violations that are achieved by machine learning techniques are specified. In addition, the effectiveness of machine learning techniques in classifying IoT devices in encrypted traffic is examined. The effectiveness of Random Forest and Decision Tree classification algorithms in classifying IoT devices are evaluated. Finally, experiments are carried out for commonly used attack and defense methods. For this purpose, the accuracy rates of the padded and unpadded experiments are compared by analyzing the IoT device traffic. When classifying unpadded data, 84% accuracy rate of IoT devices is achieved, while this accuracy rate has been reduced to 19% with the random padding method that aims to reduce the attacker's rate of accessing correct information.
{"title":"Nesnelerin İnterneti Cihazlarına Karşı Yapılan Makine Öğrenmesi Saldırıları","authors":"A. Ergun, Özgü Can","doi":"10.36287/ijmsit.6.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36287/ijmsit.6.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract As the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices increases day by day, attacks against these devices are also increasing. In this study, methods of ensuring security in IoT devices and attacks on IoT devices are discussed, and the importance of zero-trust architecture in ensuring IoT security is explained. In addition, the defense rates of padding methods against machine learning used by the attacker are shown and the defense methods used with machine learning techniques are explained. For this purpose, machine learning methods that are effective on attacks, attacks and violations that are achieved by machine learning techniques are specified. In addition, the effectiveness of machine learning techniques in classifying IoT devices in encrypted traffic is examined. The effectiveness of Random Forest and Decision Tree classification algorithms in classifying IoT devices are evaluated. Finally, experiments are carried out for commonly used attack and defense methods. For this purpose, the accuracy rates of the padded and unpadded experiments are compared by analyzing the IoT device traffic. When classifying unpadded data, 84% accuracy rate of IoT devices is achieved, while this accuracy rate has been reduced to 19% with the random padding method that aims to reduce the attacker's rate of accessing correct information.","PeriodicalId":166049,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130686523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
– Nowadays, the need for energy is increasing day by day. In order to meet this demand, renewable energy sources that have a more environmentally friendly structure than fossil-based sources come to the fore. In recent years, researchers have been paying great attention to wind energy. Because it has the many economic and environmental advantages. In particular, wind speed is very important parameter for electric energy production form wind energy. Therefore, estimation of wind speed is very important for both investors and manufacturers. A hybrid model for wind speed estimation with deep learning methods is proposed in this study. The proposed model consists two main deep learning methods (Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)). The proposed model was applied in two case studies (weekly and monthly wind speed estimation). The reliability and accuracy of the proposed model were tested by performance criteria (MAPE, R 2 , RMSE). In order to measure the success of the model, a comparison was made with 5 different deep learning methods (CNN-LSTM, CNN-RNN, LSTM-GRU, LSTM, GRU). It has been observed that the CNN-GRU hybrid model, which was used for the first time in the field of wind speed forecasting, achieved a high percentage of success as a result of comparisons made.
{"title":"Hybrid Estimation Model (CNN-GRU) Based on Deep Learning for Wind Speed Estimation","authors":"Cem Emeksiz, Muhammed Musa Fındık","doi":"10.36287/ijmsit.6.1.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36287/ijmsit.6.1.104","url":null,"abstract":"– Nowadays, the need for energy is increasing day by day. In order to meet this demand, renewable energy sources that have a more environmentally friendly structure than fossil-based sources come to the fore. In recent years, researchers have been paying great attention to wind energy. Because it has the many economic and environmental advantages. In particular, wind speed is very important parameter for electric energy production form wind energy. Therefore, estimation of wind speed is very important for both investors and manufacturers. A hybrid model for wind speed estimation with deep learning methods is proposed in this study. The proposed model consists two main deep learning methods (Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)). The proposed model was applied in two case studies (weekly and monthly wind speed estimation). The reliability and accuracy of the proposed model were tested by performance criteria (MAPE, R 2 , RMSE). In order to measure the success of the model, a comparison was made with 5 different deep learning methods (CNN-LSTM, CNN-RNN, LSTM-GRU, LSTM, GRU). It has been observed that the CNN-GRU hybrid model, which was used for the first time in the field of wind speed forecasting, achieved a high percentage of success as a result of comparisons made.","PeriodicalId":166049,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130914212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, open circuit potential, impedance measurements in the frequency range of 10 kHz – 10 mHz at different potentials including overcharge
在本研究中，开路电位、阻抗测量在10khz - 10mhz频率范围内的不同电位包括过充
{"title":"Nikel-Metal Hidrit Pilinin Aşırı Şarj Durumuna Elektrokimyasal Empedans Spektroskopisi Cevabı","authors":"E. Ince, Salim Erol","doi":"10.36287/ijmsit.6.2.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36287/ijmsit.6.2.218","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, open circuit potential, impedance measurements in the frequency range of 10 kHz – 10 mHz at different potentials including overcharge","PeriodicalId":166049,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133274861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
– The aim of our paper is to present the development proses of a locking mechanism that may act as each a hinge and a lock, compresses the gaskets between the panel and the door at least 6 mm, helps to supply controlled air outlet and will increase the protection level. Thanks to the compression feature of the product, the novel designed mechanism could be tightened the cabinet by the cabinet gaskets. It provides IP65 sealing standard requirements. Thus, it can be used in outdoor environments in safe. Since this mechanism be developed more, it can be used in ventilation, generator, and plenty of different sectors. It has a high potential to lead to new applications and R&D studies in numerous technology fields.
{"title":"Compression Featured Lock Design Compatible for Outdoor Conditions","authors":"M. Can, Engin Güneş, A. Akdoğan","doi":"10.36287/ijmsit.6.2.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36287/ijmsit.6.2.177","url":null,"abstract":"– The aim of our paper is to present the development proses of a locking mechanism that may act as each a hinge and a lock, compresses the gaskets between the panel and the door at least 6 mm, helps to supply controlled air outlet and will increase the protection level. Thanks to the compression feature of the product, the novel designed mechanism could be tightened the cabinet by the cabinet gaskets. It provides IP65 sealing standard requirements. Thus, it can be used in outdoor environments in safe. Since this mechanism be developed more, it can be used in ventilation, generator, and plenty of different sectors. It has a high potential to lead to new applications and R&D studies in numerous technology fields.","PeriodicalId":166049,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127372140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research Problem/Questions – Virtual smart assistants are software with the ability to answer questions. In this article, as a research topic, an answer was sought about how a virtual smart assistant can be developed easily. In response to this question, it is explained how to answer the user's question by using the Regex patterns solution
{"title":"Kolay Kişiselleştirilebilir Akıllı Sanal Asistan","authors":"Güneş Harman, Emre Aydemir","doi":"10.36287/ijmsit.6.2.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36287/ijmsit.6.2.143","url":null,"abstract":"Research Problem/Questions – Virtual smart assistants are software with the ability to answer questions. In this article, as a research topic, an answer was sought about how a virtual smart assistant can be developed easily. In response to this question, it is explained how to answer the user's question by using the Regex patterns solution","PeriodicalId":166049,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124149912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
– In our country, activities are carried out under the title of zoning studies in order to make an area suitable for holistic living standards. There is a hierarchy in the formation of zoning plans from the upper scale of the country development plans to the lower scale, which are the implementation zoning plans. Along with this hierarchy, in the 1/1000 zoning plans, especially the people living in a region, housing, shopping, social activity, etc. zoning islands are determined within the zoning boundaries determined to meet the needs. Zoning islands can have different building regulations, precedent or building heights. There are possible building regulations within the zoning boundaries, where there may be different types of sitting areas, such as split, block and adjacent basis. On the other hand, the form of a separate zoning island is that the garden-looking building session is given in the middle without being attached to a depth or to the façade. The process of granting construction permits to the existing zoning parcels in the zoning islands, whose identities are determined by this building regulation, is the zoning scale. Zoning diameters, planned areas are given within the framework of type zoning regulations and plan notes. The zoning diameter is given according to the precedent, height and building order of the island. Distance method, on the other hand, is the process of creating the right residential area with the drawing rules of convex shapes, such as square or rectangular, according to the geometric condition of the parcel, in order to be able to give construction permits to the clean zoning parcels in the relevant zoning islands. In our study, it has been tried to show how the settlement areas at the base can be given, which building order, which precedent and how to apply the process to the convex parcels with the distance approach. Approach On Separate Organizatiom
{"title":"Display Of Zoning Diameter According To The Distance Approach On Separate Organizatiom Zoning Islands","authors":"Selim Taskaya","doi":"10.36287/ijmsit.6.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36287/ijmsit.6.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"– In our country, activities are carried out under the title of zoning studies in order to make an area suitable for holistic living standards. There is a hierarchy in the formation of zoning plans from the upper scale of the country development plans to the lower scale, which are the implementation zoning plans. Along with this hierarchy, in the 1/1000 zoning plans, especially the people living in a region, housing, shopping, social activity, etc. zoning islands are determined within the zoning boundaries determined to meet the needs. Zoning islands can have different building regulations, precedent or building heights. There are possible building regulations within the zoning boundaries, where there may be different types of sitting areas, such as split, block and adjacent basis. On the other hand, the form of a separate zoning island is that the garden-looking building session is given in the middle without being attached to a depth or to the façade. The process of granting construction permits to the existing zoning parcels in the zoning islands, whose identities are determined by this building regulation, is the zoning scale. Zoning diameters, planned areas are given within the framework of type zoning regulations and plan notes. The zoning diameter is given according to the precedent, height and building order of the island. Distance method, on the other hand, is the process of creating the right residential area with the drawing rules of convex shapes, such as square or rectangular, according to the geometric condition of the parcel, in order to be able to give construction permits to the clean zoning parcels in the relevant zoning islands. In our study, it has been tried to show how the settlement areas at the base can be given, which building order, which precedent and how to apply the process to the convex parcels with the distance approach. Approach On Separate Organizatiom","PeriodicalId":166049,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122158190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generating Personalized Abstract Art Paintings by using People's Life Energy Distribution","authors":"Furkan Ayas, Feriştah Dalkılıç","doi":"10.36287/ijmsit.7.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36287/ijmsit.7.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166049,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129479276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
– Weeds have detrimental effects on agriculture and prove costly for farmers because they can quickly spread to fertile areas and reduce the fertility of the soil. Therefore, weed control is crucial for sustainable agriculture, and by detecting weeds and removing them from agricultural lands, we can transfer the limited resources we have to the plants to be grown, which would be a major step forward in sustainable agriculture. This article explores the feasibility of weed detection methods using deep learning architectures. Architectures used in the research are as follows: ResNet152V2, DenseNet121, MobileNetV2, EfficientNetB1 and EfficientNetB7. The F1-Score of EfficientNetB1 is 94.17%, which is the highest score among those of all architectures. Among all architectures, EfficientNetB1 has the least number of parameters after MobileNetV2. In this research, data augmentation was done using horizontal flip, rotation, width shift, height shift, and zoom.
{"title":"Weeds Detection using Deep Learning Methods and Dataset Balancing","authors":"Fadıl Arıkan, Şebnem Bora, Aybars Uğur","doi":"10.36287/ijmsit.6.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36287/ijmsit.6.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"– Weeds have detrimental effects on agriculture and prove costly for farmers because they can quickly spread to fertile areas and reduce the fertility of the soil. Therefore, weed control is crucial for sustainable agriculture, and by detecting weeds and removing them from agricultural lands, we can transfer the limited resources we have to the plants to be grown, which would be a major step forward in sustainable agriculture. This article explores the feasibility of weed detection methods using deep learning architectures. Architectures used in the research are as follows: ResNet152V2, DenseNet121, MobileNetV2, EfficientNetB1 and EfficientNetB7. The F1-Score of EfficientNetB1 is 94.17%, which is the highest score among those of all architectures. Among all architectures, EfficientNetB1 has the least number of parameters after MobileNetV2. In this research, data augmentation was done using horizontal flip, rotation, width shift, height shift, and zoom.","PeriodicalId":166049,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130498235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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