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Landscapes of maternal and neonatal gut microbiome and plasma metabolome signatures and their interaction in gestational diabetes mellitus 妊娠期糖尿病患者的母体和新生儿肠道微生物组和血浆代谢组特征及其相互作用。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109716
Jieying Liu , Xiao Zhai , Lu Ding , Miao Yu , Qian Zhang , Juntao Liu , Yingna Song , Liangkun Ma , Xinhua Xiao

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is prevalent among pregnant individuals and is linked to increased risks for both mothers and fetuses. Although GDM is known to cause disruptions in gut microbiota and metabolites, their potential transmission to the fetus has not been fully explored. This study aimed to characterize the similarities in microbial and metabolic signatures between mothers with GDM and their neonates as well as the interactions between these signatures. This study included 89 maternal-neonate pairs (44 in the GDM group and 45 in the normoglycemic group). We utilized 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics to analyze the gut microbiota and plasma metabolomics of mothers and neonates. Integrative analyses were performed to elucidate the interactions between these omics. Distinct microbial and metabolic signatures were observed in GDM mothers and their neonates compared to those in the normoglycemic group. Fourteen genera showed similar alterations across both groups. Metabolites linked to glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism were differentially influenced in GDM, with similar trends observed in both mothers and neonates in the GDM group. Network analysis indicated significant associations between Qipengyuania and metabolites related to bile acid metabolism in mothers and newborns. Furthermore, we observed a significant correlation between several genera and metabolites and clinical phenotypes in normoglycemic mothers and newborns, but these correlations were disrupted in the GDM group. Our findings suggest that GDM consistently affects both the microbiota and metabolome in mothers and neonates, thus elucidating the mechanism underlying metabolic transmission across generations. These insights contribute to knowledge regarding the multiomics interactions in GDM and underscore the need to further investigate the prenatal environmental impacts on offspring metabolism.

背景:妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)在孕妇中很普遍,它与母亲和胎儿的风险增加有关。虽然已知 GDM 会导致肠道微生物群和代谢物的紊乱,但尚未充分探讨它们对胎儿的潜在影响。本研究旨在描述 GDM 母亲和新生儿之间微生物和代谢特征的相似性,以及这些特征之间的相互作用:这项研究包括 89 对母婴(GDM 组 44 对,正常血糖组 45 对)。我们利用 16S rRNA 基因测序和非靶向代谢组学分析了母亲和新生儿的肠道微生物群和血浆代谢组学。研究人员进行了整合分析,以阐明这些组学之间的相互作用:结果:与正常血糖组相比,在 GDM 母亲及其新生儿中观察到了不同的微生物和代谢特征。两组中有 14 个菌属发生了类似的变化。与葡萄糖、脂质和能量代谢有关的代谢物在 GDM 中受到不同程度的影响,在 GDM 组的母亲和新生儿中观察到类似的趋势。网络分析显示,芪苈强心丸与母亲和新生儿体内胆汁酸代谢相关代谢物之间存在明显关联。此外,我们还观察到,在血糖正常的母亲和新生儿中,一些属和代谢物与临床表型之间存在明显的相关性,但在 GDM 组中,这些相关性被打破:我们的研究结果表明,GDM 会持续影响母亲和新生儿的微生物群和代谢组,从而阐明了跨代代谢传递的机制。这些见解有助于了解 GDM 的多组学相互作用,并强调有必要进一步研究产前环境对后代代谢的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Polyunsaturated fatty acids prevent myosteatosis and lipotoxicity 多不饱和脂肪酸可预防肌骨软化症和脂肪毒性。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109722
Aurélien Brun , Philippe Denis , Mathieu Rambeau , Jean-Paul Rigaudière , Chrystèle Jouve , Vera Mazurak , Frédéric Capel

Myosteatosis occurs in response to excess circulating fatty acids and is associated with muscle dysfunction. This study aimed to characterize the sequence of events of lipid-induced toxicity within muscle cells and the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) as potential preventive factors. Myosteatosis was induced in C2C12 myotubes exposed to palmitic acid (PAL 500µM). Furthermore, cells were co-incubated with PUFA (α-linolenic acid = ALA, Eicosapentaenoic acid = EPA, Docosahexaenoic acid = DHA; Arachidonic acid = ARA) over a period of 48 h. Cell viability, morphology, and measures of lipid and protein metabolism were assessed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. We observed that myotube integrity was rapidly and progressively disrupted by PAL treatment after 12 h, ultimately leading to cell death (41.7% cell survival at 48 h, p < .05). Cell death did not occur in cells exposed to PAL+ARA and PAL+DHA. After 6 h of PAL treatment, an accumulation of large lipid droplets was observed within the cell (6 folds, p < .05). This was associated with an increase in ceramides (CER x3 fold change) and diacylglycerol (DAG x150 fold change) contents (p < .05). At the same time, insulin was no longer able to stimulate protein synthesis (p < .05) nor leverage autophagic flux (p < .05). DHA and ARA were able to completely reverse the defect in protein synthesis and partially modulate the accumulation of CER and DAG. These findings present new and intriguing research avenues in the field of muscle metabolism and nutrition, particularly in the context of aging, chronic muscle disorders, and insulin resistance.

肌骨质疏松症是对过量循环脂肪酸的反应,与肌肉功能障碍有关。本研究旨在描述肌肉细胞内脂质诱导毒性的事件顺序,以及多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)作为潜在预防因素的作用。在暴露于棕榈酸(PAL 500μM)的 C2C12 肌细胞管中诱导了肌骨软化症。此外,还将细胞与 PUFA(α-亚麻酸 = ALA、二十碳五烯酸 = EPA、二十二碳六烯酸 = DHA;花生四烯酸 = ARA)共孵育 48 小时。分别在 6、12、24 和 48 小时评估细胞活力、形态以及脂质和蛋白质代谢指标。我们观察到,PAL 处理 12 小时后,肌管的完整性迅速并逐渐被破坏,最终导致细胞死亡(48 小时后细胞存活率为 41.7%,p<0.05)。
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引用次数: 0
The beneficial impact of ketogenic diets on chemically-induced colitis in mice depends on the diet's lipid composition 生酮饮食对化学诱导的小鼠结肠炎的有益影响取决于饮食中的脂质成分。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109736
Kajs Hadžić , András Gregor , Barbara Kofler , Marc Pignitter , Kalina Duszka

Previously, we showed that restrictive diets, including ketogenic diet (KD), have an anti-inflammatory impact on the healthy gastrointestinal tract of mice. Afterward, we found that energy-restricting diets mitigate inflammation in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis mouse model. The current study aimed to verify the impact of KD on DSS colitis and assess if the diet's fat composition influences the outcomes of the intervention.

Mice with mild chronic colitis were fed control chow, KD composed of long-chain triglycerides (KD LCT) or a KD containing a mix of LCT and medium-chain triglycerides (KD LCT/MCT).

KDs did not reverse DSS-enhanced gut permeability and shortening of the colon. Both KDs had a similar impact on liver, cecum, and spleen weight, villi and colon length, the thickness of muscularis externa, and expression of ZO-1 and occludin. On the contrary, body weight, glutathione (GSH) and taurine-GSH levels, GSH-S transferase (GST), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, as well as an abundance of several fecal bacteria, all were differentially affected by the two types of KDs. When compared to the DSS control diet, reduction in colon mucosa cytokines expression was stronger in KD LCT than in the KD LCT/MCT group.

We conclude that the outcomes of the KD interventions in terms of potential therapeutical applications depend on lipid composition. KD LCT showed a strong positive impact on gut inflammation. A potential contribution of GSH to KD outcomes and a correlation between MPO activity and microbiota composition was identified.

此前,我们曾发现限制性饮食(包括生酮饮食(KD))对健康小鼠的胃肠道有抗炎作用。之后,我们又发现能量限制饮食能减轻硫酸葡聚糖钠(DSS)结肠炎小鼠模型的炎症反应。本研究旨在验证能量限制饮食对右旋糖酐硫酸钠结肠炎的影响,并评估饮食中的脂肪成分是否会影响干预结果。研究人员给患有轻度慢性结肠炎的小鼠喂食对照组饲料、由长链甘油三酯组成的KD(KD LCT)或含有长链甘油三酯和中链甘油三酯混合物的KD(KD LCT/MCT)。KDs并不能逆转DSS增强的肠道渗透性和结肠缩短。两种 KD 对肝脏、盲肠和脾脏重量、绒毛和结肠长度、外侧肌厚度以及 ZO-1 和闭塞素的表达都有相似的影响。相反,体重、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和牛磺酸-谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平、GSH-S 转移酶(GST)和髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性以及几种粪便细菌的丰度都受到两种 KD 的不同影响。与 DSS 对照饮食相比,KD LCT 组结肠粘膜细胞因子表达的减少比 KD LCT/MCT 组更强。我们得出的结论是,KD干预在潜在治疗应用方面的结果取决于脂质成分。KD LCT对肠道炎症有很强的积极影响。我们还发现了 GSH 对 KD 结果的潜在贡献以及 MPO 活性与微生物群组成之间的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a malnutrition model in mice: Comparative evaluation of food restriction percentage and different diets 建立小鼠营养不良模型:对食物限制比例和不同饮食进行比较评估。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109721
André Tiago Malveira , Victor Hugo Dantas Guimarães , Sonielle Rodrigues Lima , Lucyana Conceição Farias , Alfredo Maurício Batista de Paula , André Luiz Sena Guimarães , Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos

Malnutrition is a complicated illness that affects people worldwide and is linked to higher death rates, a heightened vulnerability to infections, and delayed cognitive development. Experimental models have been constructed to comprehend the mechanisms associated with hunger. In this regard, the current study used two different types of food aiming to validate a murine model of malnutrition based on dietary restriction. The study was conducted with fifty-six Swiss male mice (eight-week-old) divided into eight groups (n=7 each) and fed the following experimental diets (10 weeks): Standard Diet (ST) ad libitum; ST 20% dietary restriction; ST 40% dietary restriction; ST 60% dietary restriction; AIN93-M diet ad libitum; AIN93-M 20% dietary restriction; AIN93-M 40% dietary restriction; AIN93-M 60% dietary restriction. Body, biochemical, and histological parameters were measured, and the restriction effects on genes related to oxidative stress (GPX1 and GPX4) in epididymal adipose tissue were evaluated. The results obtained showed that 20%, 40%, and 60% of dietary restrictions were able to reduce body weight when compared to controls, highlighting the accentuated weight loss in animals with 60% restrictions, especially those fed with AIN-93 M, which showed physical changes such as whitish skin and dull coat, voracious eating, and hunched posture. The present animal model also showed biochemical changes with hypoalbuminemia, as well as histological epididymal adipose tissue modulation. The presence of increased oxidative stress was observed when evaluating the GPX4 gene. Given the results, 60% food restriction using the AIN93-M diet was the best protocol for inducing malnutrition.

营养不良是一种影响全世界人民的复杂疾病,与死亡率升高、易受传染病感染和认知发育迟缓有关。为了理解与饥饿相关的机制,人们构建了实验模型。在这方面,本研究使用了两种不同类型的食物,旨在验证基于饮食限制的小鼠营养不良模型。研究以 56 只瑞士雄性小鼠(8 周大)为对象,分为 8 组(每组 7 只),喂食以下实验饮食(10 周):标准饮食(ST):自由饮食;ST 20%饮食限制;ST 40%饮食限制;ST 60%饮食限制;AIN93-M:自由饮食;AIN93-M 20%饮食限制;AIN93-M 40%饮食限制;AIN93-M 60%饮食限制。除了评估限食对附睾脂肪组织中氧化应激相关基因(GPX1和GPX4)的影响外,还测量了身体、生化和组织学参数。研究结果表明,与对照组相比,20%、40%和60%的饮食限制都能减轻体重,其中60%饮食限制的动物体重减轻更为明显,尤其是喂食AIN-93 M的动物,它们出现了皮肤变白、被毛无光泽、贪吃和驼背等身体变化。本动物模型还表现出低蛋白血症的生化变化,以及组织学上附睾脂肪组织的改变。在评估 GPX4 基因时,观察到氧化应激增加。鉴于上述结果,使用 AIN93-M 食物限制 60% 的食物是诱导营养不良的最佳方案。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of vitamin D status on cutaneous wound healing through modulation of EMT and ECM 维生素 D 状态通过调节 EMT 和 ECM 对皮肤伤口愈合的影响。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109733
Ying Wu , Yiting Gong , Yiming Ma , Qiaofan Zhao , Ruyu Fu , Xiaoming Zhang , Ye Li , Xueyuan Zhi

To investigate the effects of vitamin D status on cutaneous wound healing, C57BL/6J mice were fed diets with different vitamin D levels or injected intraperitoneally with 1α,25(OH)2D3. Dorsal skin wounds were created and wound edge tissues were collected on days 4, 7, 11, and 14 postwounding. The proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells treated with shVDR or 1α,25(OH)2D3 were assessed. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) decreased wound closure and might delay inflammatory response, shown by slower inflammatory cell infiltration, decreased IL6 and TNF expression in early phase followed by an increase later. VDD might postpone epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), initially characterized by higher epithelial markers and lower mesenchymal markers, followed by opposite appearance later. Dietary vitamin D supplementation and 1α,25(OH)2D3 intervention tended to accelerate EMT. Regarding extracellular matrix (ECM), VDD appeared to reduce collagen deposition on day 4 and downregulated fibronectin, COL3A1, and MMP9 expression early, followed by an increase later, together with an initial increase and subsequent decrease in Timp1 mRNA expression. Dietary vitamin D intervention promoted fibronectin and MMP9 expression on day 4 and then downregulated their expression on day 14. TGFb1/SMAD2/3 signaling seemed to be downregulated by VDD and upregulated by 1α,25(OH)2D3. In vitro, partial inhibition of VDR by shVDR tended to inhibit HaCaT cell proliferation and migration, EMT, and TGFb1/SMAD2/3 signaling, whereas 1α,25(OH)2D3 appeared to generate opposite effects. In conclusion, VDD hindered cutaneous wound healing, potentially due to impaired inflammatory response, delayed EMT, decreased ECM, and inhibited TGFb1/SMAD2/3 pathway. Vitamin D and 1α,25(OH)2D3 tended to enhance EMT and ECM.

为了研究维生素 D 状态对皮肤伤口愈合的影响,给 C57BL/6J 小鼠喂食不同维生素 D 水平的食物或腹腔注射 1α,25(OH)2D3。小鼠背侧皮肤伤口,在伤口愈合后第4、7、11和14天收集伤口边缘组织。评估经 shVDR 或 1α,25(OH)2D3处理的 HaCaT 细胞的增殖和迁移情况。维生素 D 缺乏(VDD)会降低伤口闭合速度,并可能延迟炎症反应,表现为炎症细胞浸润速度减慢,IL6 和 TNF 表达早期减少,后期增加。维生素 DD 可能会推迟上皮-间质转化(EMT),初期表现为上皮标志物增加,间质标志物减少,后期则相反。膳食维生素 D 补充剂和 1α,25(OH)2D3干预往往会加速 EMT。在细胞外基质(ECM)方面,VDD似乎在第4天减少了胶原沉积,并在早期下调了纤连蛋白、COL3A1和MMP9的表达,随后又有所增加,同时Timp1 mRNA的表达也出现了先增后减的现象。膳食维生素 D 的干预在第 4 天促进了纤维粘连蛋白和 MMP9 的表达,然后在第 14 天下调了它们的表达。TGFb1/SMAD2/3信号似乎受VDD下调,而受1α,25(OH)2D3上调。在体外,通过 shVDR 部分抑制 VDR 往往会抑制 HaCaT 细胞的增殖和迁移、EMT 和 TGFb1/SMAD2/3 信号传导,而 1α,25(OH)2D3似乎会产生相反的效果。总之,维生素 D阻碍了皮肤伤口愈合,这可能是由于炎症反应受损、EMT延迟、ECM减少以及TGFb1/SMAD2/3途径受到抑制。维生素 D 和 1α,25(OH)2D3 有增强 EMT 和 ECM 的趋势。
{"title":"Effects of vitamin D status on cutaneous wound healing through modulation of EMT and ECM","authors":"Ying Wu ,&nbsp;Yiting Gong ,&nbsp;Yiming Ma ,&nbsp;Qiaofan Zhao ,&nbsp;Ruyu Fu ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zhang ,&nbsp;Ye Li ,&nbsp;Xueyuan Zhi","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate the effects of vitamin D status on cutaneous wound healing, C57BL/6J mice were fed diets with different vitamin D levels or injected intraperitoneally with 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>. Dorsal skin wounds were created and wound edge tissues were collected on days 4, 7, 11, and 14 postwounding. The proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells treated with shVDR or 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> were assessed. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) decreased wound closure and might delay inflammatory response, shown by slower inflammatory cell infiltration, decreased IL6 and TNF expression in early phase followed by an increase later. VDD might postpone epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), initially characterized by higher epithelial markers and lower mesenchymal markers, followed by opposite appearance later. Dietary vitamin D supplementation and 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> intervention tended to accelerate EMT. Regarding extracellular matrix (ECM), VDD appeared to reduce collagen deposition on day 4 and downregulated fibronectin, COL3A1, and MMP9 expression early, followed by an increase later, together with an initial increase and subsequent decrease in <em>Timp1</em> mRNA expression. Dietary vitamin D intervention promoted fibronectin and MMP9 expression on day 4 and then downregulated their expression on day 14. TGFb1/SMAD2/3 signaling seemed to be downregulated by VDD and upregulated by 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>. In vitro, partial inhibition of VDR by shVDR tended to inhibit HaCaT cell proliferation and migration, EMT, and TGFb1/SMAD2/3 signaling, whereas 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> appeared to generate opposite effects. In conclusion, VDD hindered cutaneous wound healing, potentially due to impaired inflammatory response, delayed EMT, decreased ECM, and inhibited TGFb1/SMAD2/3 pathway. Vitamin D and 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> tended to enhance EMT and ECM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 109733"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tryptophan supplements in high-carbohydrate diets by improving insulin response and glucose transport through PI3K-AKT-GLUT2 pathways in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) 通过 PI3K-AKT-GLUT2 途径改善钝口鳊鱼(Megalobrama amblycephala)的胰岛素反应和葡萄糖转运,从而补充高碳水化合物饮食中的色氨酸。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109715
Kang Xiao, Xiaoyan Jia, Wei Qiang, Le Chang, Wenbin Liu, Dingdong Zhang

The aim of this experiment was to elucidate the metabolic ramifications of tryptophan supplementation in the context of high-carbohydrate diet-feeding, which is important for improving feeding strategies in aquaculture in order to improve fish carbohydrate metabolism. Juvenile blunt snout bream with an initial mean body mass of 55.0±0.5 g were allocated to consume one of three experimental diets: CN, a normal diet with carbohydrate content of 30% (w/w); HC, a diet with high carbohydrate content of 43% (w/w); and HL, a high-carbohydrate diet to which 0.8% L-tryptophan (L-trp) had been added. These diets were fed for 8 weeks, and the effects of the carbohydrate and tryptophan contents of the diets were assessed.

Histological analysis using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Oil Red O staining revealed that high-carbohydrate intake was associated with abnormal hepatocyte morphology and excessive liver lipid accumulation, which were notably ameliorated by tryptophan supplementation. A significant increase in plasma glucose, glucagon, AGEs (advanced glycation end products), triglycerides, total cholesterol, and a significant decrease in insulin and hepatic glycogen after a high-carbohydrate diet in terms of plasma indices, compared to the control group. Almost all of them were restored to the normal level in the HL group. The present study might preliminarily suggest that tryptophan supplementation ameliorates the imbalance in glucose metabolism of this species induced by a high-carbohydrate diet. Transcriptomics showed that glucose metabolism under high carbohydrate was mainly regulated by the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. The mRNA expression and protein levels of GLUT2 also varied with this pathway, which would suggest that sustained activation of this pathway with the addition of tryptophan accelerates glucose transport and insulin secretion under high-carbohydrate diet. Subsequent GTT and ITT experiments have also demonstrated that tryptophan improves glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance in blunt snout bream on a high-carbohydrate diet.

In conclusion, these findings elucidate the positive regulatory effect of tryptophan on the PI3K-AKT-GLUT2 pathway under a high carbohydrate diet and provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent rational application of high carbohydrate diets in the future.

本实验的目的是阐明在高碳水化合物日粮喂养情况下补充色氨酸对代谢的影响,这对改进水产养殖中的喂养策略以改善鱼类的碳水化合物代谢非常重要。初始平均体重为 55.0±0.5 克的钝吻鳊幼鱼被分配到三种实验日粮中的一种:CN:碳水化合物含量为 30%(重量比)的普通日粮;HC:碳水化合物含量为 43%(重量比)的高碳水化合物日粮;HL:添加了 0.8% L-色氨酸(L-trp)的高碳水化合物日粮。这些日粮喂养了 8 周,并评估了日粮中碳水化合物和色氨酸含量的影响。使用血红素和伊红(H&E)以及油红 O 染色法进行的组织学分析表明,高碳水化合物摄入与肝细胞形态异常和肝脏脂质过度积累有关,而补充色氨酸后这些情况明显改善。与对照组相比,高碳水化合物饮食后血浆葡萄糖、胰高血糖素、AGEs(高级糖化终产物)、甘油三酯、总胆固醇明显升高,胰岛素和肝糖原明显下降。在 HL 组中,几乎所有指标都恢复到了正常水平。本研究初步表明,补充色氨酸可改善高碳水化合物饮食引起的该物种葡萄糖代谢失衡。转录组学研究表明,高碳水化合物条件下的糖代谢主要受 PI3K-AKT 信号通路调控。GLUT2的mRNA表达和蛋白水平也随这一途径的变化而变化,这表明在高碳水化合物饮食条件下,色氨酸的添加会持续激活这一途径,从而加速葡萄糖转运和胰岛素分泌。随后的 GTT 和 ITT 实验也证明,色氨酸能改善高碳水化合物饮食下钝口鳊鱼的葡萄糖耐受性和胰岛素耐受性。总之,这些研究结果阐明了色氨酸在高碳水化合物日粮条件下对 PI3K-AKT-GLUT2 通路的正向调节作用,为今后合理应用高碳水化合物日粮提供了理论依据。
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引用次数: 0
L-leucine promotes the synthesis of milk protein and milk fat in bovine mammary epithelial cells through the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway under hypoxic conditions 在缺氧条件下,L-亮氨酸通过 AKT/mTOR 信号通路促进牛乳腺上皮细胞合成乳蛋白和乳脂肪。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109732
Yuan Liu, Huixia Li

Hypoxia stress has been demonstrated to impede animal embryonic development, spermatogenesis, and lactation, leading to decreased animal production performance. However, the impact of hypoxia-induced activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling on milk protein and fat synthesis remains unclear. L-leucine, a branched-chain amino acid, is known to modulate milk protein and fat synthesis. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the effect of L-leucine on milk protein and fat synthesis under hypoxic conditions and shed light on the molecular mechanism using an in vitro model. The results indicated that hypoxia treatment significantly decreased the synthesis of α-casein and β-casein, as well as inhibited factors related to milk fat synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T). Additionally, hypoxia stress suppressed the activities of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and protein kinase B (AKT). Interfering with HIF-1α significantly reversed the expression of AKT, mTOR and factors related to milk synthesis. Importantly, supplementation with L-leucine activated AKT/mTOR signaling, thereby enhancing milk protein and fat synthesis in MAC-T cells to some extent. In conclusion, these findings suggest that HIF-1 signaling plays an important role in milk synthesis and that L-leucine may stimulate the synthesis of milk protein and fat by activating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway under hypoxic conditions, making it a potential additive for promoting milk synthesis inhibited by hypoxia.

低氧应激已被证明会阻碍动物胚胎发育、精子发生和泌乳,导致动物生产性能下降。然而,低氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)信号的激活对牛奶蛋白质和脂肪合成的影响仍不清楚。众所周知,L-亮氨酸是一种支链氨基酸,可调节牛奶蛋白质和脂肪的合成。因此,我们的研究旨在评估缺氧条件下L-亮氨酸对牛奶蛋白质和脂肪合成的影响,并利用体外模型阐明其分子机制。结果表明,缺氧处理会显著降低牛乳腺上皮细胞(MAC-T)中α-酪蛋白和β-酪蛋白的合成,并抑制乳脂合成的相关因子。此外,低氧应激抑制了哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶标(mTOR)和蛋白激酶 B(AKT)的活性。干扰 HIF-1α 能明显逆转 AKT、mTOR 和与牛奶合成有关的因子的表达。重要的是,补充左旋亮氨酸可激活AKT/mTOR信号转导,从而在一定程度上提高MAC-T细胞的乳蛋白和脂肪合成。总之,这些研究结果表明,HIF-1 信号在乳汁合成中起着重要作用,而在缺氧条件下,L-亮氨酸可通过激活 AKT/mTOR 信号通路来刺激乳蛋白和脂肪的合成,使其成为促进受缺氧抑制的乳汁合成的潜在添加剂。
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引用次数: 0
Liver response to the consumption of fried sunflower oil 肝脏对食用油炸葵花籽油的反应。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109734
Elisa V. Macri , Vanessa Touceda , Morena Wiszniewski , Leonardo D. Cacciagiú , Valeria Zago , Susana Puntarulo , Néstor Pellegrino , Fima Lifshitz , Silvia M. Friedman , Verónica Miksztowicz

Sunflower oil is one of the most commonly used fat sources in Argentina, and deep-fat frying is the popular food preparation process. The liver response of feeding a diet containing fried sunflower oil (SFOx) on growing rats was studied. Thirty-nine male weanling Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of three diets for 8 wks: control (C), sunflower oil (SFO), and a diet containing SFOx, both of the sunflower diets were mixed with a commercial rat chow at weight ratio of 13% (w/w). Body weight and food consumption were recorded weekly. At t=8 wk, lipid profile and glycemia were measured. Visceral adiposity was registered. Liver was weighed and preserved for histological analysis, relative fatty acid profile, fibrosis markers and oxidative status.

The three diets did not alter body weights; however, the SFOx fed rats showed increased energy intake and visceral fat; therefore, in liver saturated fat content, trans fatty acids, plus other unidentified minor components, such as hydroperoxides, hydroxides, epidioxides, hydroperoxy epidioxides, hydroxylepidioxides, and epoxides, were detected. The hepatosomatic index of SFOx rats was altered and showed hepatic steatosis. SFOx rats exhibited increased liver dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate and thiobarbituric acid substance levels and oxidized-proteins content. Their livers had lower relative levels of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids and catalase activity, but matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity was unchanged.

Consumption of a diet rich in fried oil during growth could induce liver damage due to steatosis, excessive lipid toxicity and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Further progression could lead to hepatic fibrosis.

葵花籽油是阿根廷最常用的脂肪来源之一,而油炸则是一种流行的食品制作工艺。研究人员对生长期大鼠喂食含有油炸葵花籽油(SFOx)的食物对肝脏的反应进行了研究。将 39 只断奶的雄性 Wistar 大鼠随机分配到三种食物中的一种,喂养 8 周:对照组(C)、葵花籽油(SFO)和含 SFOx 的食物。每周记录体重和食物消耗量。在 t=8 周时,测量血脂和血糖。对内脏脂肪进行登记。对肝脏进行称重和保存,以进行组织学分析、相对脂肪酸谱、纤维化标志物和氧化状态。这三种食物不会改变大鼠的体重,但喂食 SFOx 的大鼠能量摄入增加,内脏脂肪增加,因此在肝脏中检测到饱和脂肪含量、反式脂肪酸以及其他不明微量成分,如氢过氧化物、氢氧化物、表氧化物、氢过氧化表氧化物、羟基表氧化物和环氧化物。SFOx 大鼠的肝脏指数发生了变化,显示出肝脏脂肪变性。SFOx 大鼠的肝脏二氯二氢荧光素-二乙酸酯和硫代巴比妥酸物质含量以及氧化蛋白含量均有所增加。它们肝脏中的单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸和过氧化氢酶活性的相对水平较低,但基质金属蛋白酶-9 的活性没有变化。在生长过程中食用富含煎炸油的食物会诱发脂肪变性、过度脂质毒性和活性氧积累导致的肝损伤。进一步发展可导致肝纤维化。
{"title":"Liver response to the consumption of fried sunflower oil","authors":"Elisa V. Macri ,&nbsp;Vanessa Touceda ,&nbsp;Morena Wiszniewski ,&nbsp;Leonardo D. Cacciagiú ,&nbsp;Valeria Zago ,&nbsp;Susana Puntarulo ,&nbsp;Néstor Pellegrino ,&nbsp;Fima Lifshitz ,&nbsp;Silvia M. Friedman ,&nbsp;Verónica Miksztowicz","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sunflower oil is one of the most commonly used fat sources in Argentina, and deep-fat frying is the popular food preparation process. The liver response of feeding a diet containing fried sunflower oil (SFOx) on growing rats was studied. Thirty-nine male weanling Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of three diets for 8 wks: control (C), sunflower oil (SFO), and a diet containing SFOx, both of the sunflower diets were mixed with a commercial rat chow at weight ratio of 13% (w/w). Body weight and food consumption were recorded weekly. At t=8 wk, lipid profile and glycemia were measured. Visceral adiposity was registered. Liver was weighed and preserved for histological analysis, relative fatty acid profile, fibrosis markers and oxidative status.</p><p>The three diets did not alter body weights; however, the SFOx fed rats showed increased energy intake and visceral fat; therefore, in liver saturated fat content, <em>trans</em> fatty acids, plus other unidentified minor components, such as hydroperoxides, hydroxides, epidioxides, hydroperoxy epidioxides, hydroxylepidioxides, and epoxides, were detected. The hepatosomatic index of SFOx rats was altered and showed hepatic steatosis. SFOx rats exhibited increased liver dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate and thiobarbituric acid substance levels and oxidized-proteins content. Their livers had lower relative levels of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids and catalase activity, but matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity was unchanged.</p><p>Consumption of a diet rich in fried oil during growth could induce liver damage due to steatosis, excessive lipid toxicity and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Further progression could lead to hepatic fibrosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 109734"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Omega-3 reverses the metabolic and epigenetically regulated placental phenotype acquired from preconceptional and peri-conceptional exposure to air pollutants Omega-3能逆转孕前和孕周暴露于空气污染物所导致的代谢和表观遗传调节胎盘表型。
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109735
Amit Ganguly , Shubhamoy Ghosh , Peng Jin , Madhuri Wadehra , Sherin U. Devaskar

Air pollution is detrimental to pregnancy adversely affecting maternal and child health. Our objective was to unravel epigenetic mechanisms mediating the effect of preconception, periconception, and gestational exposure to inhaled air pollutants (AP) upon the maternal and placental-fetal phenotype and explore the benefit of an omega-3 rich dietary intervention. To this end, we investigated intranasal instilled AP during 8 weeks of preconception, periconception, and gestation (G; D0 to 18) upon GD16-19 maternal mouse metabolic status, placental nutrient transporters, placental-fetal size, and placental morphology. Prepregnant mice were glucose intolerant and insulin resistant, while pregnant mice were glucose intolerant but displayed no major placental macro-nutrient transporter changes, except for an increase in CD36. Placentas revealed inflammatory cellular infiltration with cellular edema, necrosis, hemorrhage, and an increase in fetal body weight. Upon examination of placental genome-wide epigenetic processes of DNA sequence specific 5′-hydroxymethylation (5′-hmC) and 5′-methylation (5′-mC) upon RNA sequenced gene expression profiles, revealed changes in key metabolic, inflammatory, transcriptional, and cellular processing genes and pathways. An omega-3 rich anti-inflammatory diet from preconception (8 weeks) through periconception and gestation (GD0-18), ameliorated all these maternal and placental-fetal adverse effects. We conclude that preconceptional, periconceptional and gestational exposures to AP incite a maternal inflammatory response resulting in features of pre-existing maternal diabetes mellitus with injury to the placental-fetal unit. DNA 5′-mC more than 5′-hmC mediated AP induced maternal inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation which together alter placental gene expression and phenotype. A dietary intervention partially reversing these adversities provides possibilities for a novel nutrigenomic therapeutic strategy.

空气污染对妊娠有害,会对母婴健康产生不利影响。我们的目标是揭示介导孕前、围孕期和妊娠期吸入空气污染物(AP)对母体和胎盘-胎儿表型影响的表观遗传学机制,并探索富含欧米伽-3的饮食干预的益处。为此,我们研究了在孕前、围孕期和妊娠期(G;D0 至 18)的 8 周内鼻内灌注空气污染物对 GD16-19 母鼠代谢状态、胎盘营养转运体、胎盘-胎儿大小和胎盘形态的影响。孕前小鼠葡萄糖不耐受和胰岛素抵抗,而怀孕小鼠葡萄糖不耐受,但除了 CD36 增加外,胎盘大营养素转运体没有发生重大变化。胎盘显示炎性细胞浸润,伴有细胞水肿、坏死、出血和胎儿体重增加。在对胎盘全基因组的表观遗传过程进行 DNA 序列特异性 5'-hydroxymethylation (5'-hmC) 和 5'-methylation (5'-mC) RNA 序列基因表达谱检测后,发现关键的代谢、炎症、转录和细胞处理基因及通路发生了变化。从孕前(8 周)到围孕期和妊娠期(GD0-18),富含欧米伽-3 的抗炎饮食可改善所有这些母体和胎盘-胎儿不良影响。我们的结论是,孕前、围孕期和妊娠期暴露于 AP 会引发母体炎症反应,导致母体原有的糖尿病特征,并对胎盘-胎儿单元造成伤害。DNA 5'-mC比5'-hmC更能介导AP诱导的母体炎症和代谢失调,从而共同改变胎盘基因表达和表型。饮食干预可部分逆转这些不利因素,为新型营养基因组治疗策略提供了可能性。
{"title":"Omega-3 reverses the metabolic and epigenetically regulated placental phenotype acquired from preconceptional and peri-conceptional exposure to air pollutants","authors":"Amit Ganguly ,&nbsp;Shubhamoy Ghosh ,&nbsp;Peng Jin ,&nbsp;Madhuri Wadehra ,&nbsp;Sherin U. Devaskar","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Air pollution is detrimental to pregnancy adversely affecting maternal and child health. Our objective was to unravel epigenetic mechanisms mediating the effect of preconception, periconception, and gestational exposure to inhaled air pollutants (AP) upon the maternal and placental-fetal phenotype and explore the benefit of an omega-3 rich dietary intervention. To this end, we investigated intranasal instilled AP during 8 weeks of preconception, periconception, and gestation (G; D0 to 18) upon GD16-19 maternal mouse metabolic status, placental nutrient transporters, placental-fetal size, and placental morphology. Prepregnant mice were glucose intolerant and insulin resistant, while pregnant mice were glucose intolerant but displayed no major placental macro-nutrient transporter changes, except for an increase in CD36. Placentas revealed inflammatory cellular infiltration with cellular edema, necrosis, hemorrhage, and an increase in fetal body weight. Upon examination of placental genome-wide epigenetic processes of DNA sequence specific 5′-hydroxymethylation (5′-hmC) and 5′-methylation (5′-mC) upon RNA sequenced gene expression profiles, revealed changes in key metabolic, inflammatory, transcriptional, and cellular processing genes and pathways. An omega-3 rich anti-inflammatory diet from preconception (8 weeks) through periconception and gestation (GD0-18), ameliorated all these maternal and placental-fetal adverse effects. We conclude that preconceptional, periconceptional and gestational exposures to AP incite a maternal inflammatory response resulting in features of pre-existing maternal diabetes mellitus with injury to the placental-fetal unit. DNA 5′-mC more than 5′-hmC mediated AP induced maternal inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation which together alter placental gene expression and phenotype. A dietary intervention partially reversing these adversities provides possibilities for a novel nutrigenomic therapeutic strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 109735"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955286324001669/pdfft?md5=7309b6992c335d171ff2b00b2ea3d46a&pid=1-s2.0-S0955286324001669-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Indole supplementation ameliorates MCD-induced NASH in mice” [J Nutrit Biochem 2022;107:109041] 对 "补充吲哚可改善 MCD 诱导的小鼠 NASH "的更正 [J Nutrit Biochem 2022;107:109041].
IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109705
Bilian Zhu , Honggui Li , Bangchao Lu , Xinlei Guo , Chiashan Wu , Fen Wang , Qingsheng Li , Linglin Xie , Shannon Glaser , Heather Francis , Gianfranco Alpini , Chaodong Wu
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Indole supplementation ameliorates MCD-induced NASH in mice” [J Nutrit Biochem 2022;107:109041]","authors":"Bilian Zhu ,&nbsp;Honggui Li ,&nbsp;Bangchao Lu ,&nbsp;Xinlei Guo ,&nbsp;Chiashan Wu ,&nbsp;Fen Wang ,&nbsp;Qingsheng Li ,&nbsp;Linglin Xie ,&nbsp;Shannon Glaser ,&nbsp;Heather Francis ,&nbsp;Gianfranco Alpini ,&nbsp;Chaodong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109705","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 109705"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955286324001384/pdfft?md5=e2ac84ca35cd7340a8272e78ca6f9d06&pid=1-s2.0-S0955286324001384-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
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