Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine最新文献

Introduction: This study examined and compared the association between body mass index (BMI) and BMI with waist circumference (WC) on lifestyle measure and health outcomes in Canadian long-haul truck drivers (LHTDs).

Methods: Two hundred LHTDs completed a survey on diet and physical activity, and participated in objective measures of height, weight, WC, and blood pressure.

Results: More than half of the sample was classified as obese (57%). Body mass index risk was significantly associated with poorer health ( P < 0.05), increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, increased body fat ( P < 0.001), and sleep apnea ( P < 001). When BMI + WC was used, additional significant associations were observed with age, years of experience, eating breakfast, and hypertension and malignancy.

Conclusion: Body mass index + WC is a more sensitive measure in assessing cardiometabolic risk in LHTDs than using BMI alone.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the actions used by health professionals employed by large, for-profit businesses to promote uptake of COVID-19 vaccines, and factors that facilitated and hindered coordination with local public health leaders.

Methods: In this qualitative multiple case study, we conducted telephone interviews with health professionals from businesses, health department leaders, and others who could provide information about local vaccination efforts (e.g., emergency managers, reporters).

Results: Businesses' self-interest (i.e., need to keep employees working), vaccine mandates, and characteristics of the businesses (e.g., ownership, expertise) facilitated leadership in COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Coordination with local health departments was influenced by the resources of the local health department and history of collaboration.

Conclusions: Health professionals employed by large businesses can serve as key public health partners, but their role is shaped by characteristics of the businesses and communities.

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the impact of ≥15% body mass index (BMI) reduction on employees' health expenditures.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed health risk assessment surveys combined with insurance claims from January 2014 to December 2019. We compared costs of employees with baseline BMI > 30 who reported ≥15% BMI reduction in subsequent health risk assessment reports with employees who lost ≤5% BMI within the same period, matching the two cohorts on demographics and costs.

Results: The study cohort of 197 lost an average of 23% of their BMI from baseline. The average age was 44 years with majority females (approximately 80%). Group health insurance payments were similar at baseline; at year 1, the study cohort had a 33% payment reduction compared with 10% reduction in the control group.

Conclusions: A ≥15% BMI reduction was associated with a substantial medical cost savings.

Objective: Mental health can be negatively affected if work and private life demands are not balanced. This study proposes exploring work-life balance (WLB) as a predictor of Generation Z's mental health outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional online study was conducted to collect data on mental health outcomes and WLB from a sample of Generation Z (N = 134). Three regression models were calculated to examine the predictive effect of WLB on stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms.

Results: The results show a strong statistically significant association between all three mental health outcomes. The regression model suggests work-life balance as a predictor of stress (β =.-0.404 P = 0.001, R2 = 0.16) and anxiety (β = .-256 P = 0.001, R2 = 0.06).

Conclusion: WLB must be considered a significant factor in mental health problems among Generation Z.

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of extreme temperatures on hospital admissions for respiratory diseases (RDs) in a semi-arid region in the Northwest of China.

Methods: Distributed lag nonlinear model was constructed, and stratified analysis by gender and age was performed.

Results: The exposure-response curve between temperature and RD hospital admissions was almost W-shaped. Either extremely cold temperatures or moderately cold temperatures presented a short-term acute harmful effect, and the relative risks were higher among males (1.976, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.773-2.203; 1.242, 95% CI: 1.203-1.282) and the elderly (2.363, 95% CI: 1.724-3.240; 1.267, 95% CI: 1.154-1.390). Both extreme and moderately hot temperatures had higher risks among females (2.040, 95% CI: 1.815-2.292; 1.328, 95% CI: 1.276-1.381).

Conclusions: The relationship between air temperature and RD hospital admissions was nonlinear. Vulnerable populations varied according to extreme temperature conditions.

Objective: To investigate the association among managers' attitudes toward subordinates with common mental disorders (CMDs), self-confidence in supporting these subordinates, and managerial preventive actions (MPAs).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Swedish managers (n = 2988) and two types of MPAs: reviewing assignments and work situation (MPA-review), and talking about CMD at the workplace (MPA-talk). Binary logistic regression models were applied and adjusted for individual and organizational covariates.

Results: Managers with negative attitudes toward subordinates with CMD were less likely to have done both MPAs. Managers with higher self-confidence in supporting these subordinates were more likely to have done both MPAs compared with managers with lower self-confidence.

Conclusions: Managerial negative attitudes toward CMD and self-confidence in supporting subordinates with CMD have a role in MPAs and should be addressed in manager training programs to encourage preventive actions.

Introduction: Work-related traumatic brain injury is a frequent cause of chronic morbidity, mortality, and high treatment costs. Its causes are highly environmentally determined and were affected by COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns.

Objective: We aimed to describe traumatic brain injury (TBI) epidemiology in working population and evaluate its modifications during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We performed a 2-year retrospective epidemiological analysis of TBI patients hospitalized in a tertiary work-related hospital before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: In the prepandemic period, TBI patients were predominantly men, with a bimodal age distribution. Crash accidents were the leading work-related traumatic brain injury cause. During COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns, there was a positive correlation between street traffic and TBI rate, presenting increased motor crash accidents as a cause of TBI.

Conclusions: These results are relevant for planning and focalization of resources for TBI prevention.

Objective: Burnout in healthcare professionals (HCPs) is a pressing issue in healthcare. We report the long-term impact of our previous creative arts therapy (CAT) intervention for reducing psychological distress in HCPs.

Methods: Healthcare professionals were randomized to CAT intervention or control group. The CAT group completed surveys evaluating symptoms of psychological distress at 4 months, 8 months, and 1 year postintervention, whereas the control group completed surveys at the 1-year mark.

Results: The CAT group demonstrated sustained improvement in distress scores for anxiety, depression, and affect at 4 and 8 months postintervention. At the 12-month mark, the CAT group exhibited improvements in anxiety, depression, and affect compared with the control group.

Conclusion: Creative arts therapy has lasting benefits for HCPs. Long-term follow-ups are crucial for assessing sustainability, and further investigation should focus on disseminating and implementing CAT programs for HCPs.