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An inquisitive exploration on perceived dysphagia, cognition and health-related quality of life in geriatrics 老年人感知吞咽困难、认知和健康相关生活质量的探究
Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.009
Arun Banik, Radhika Mohan, N. Rajan, Usha Dalvi, Nithyasree A
The increasing aging population worldwide is one of the main issues of today. According to the 2011 census, there were 103 million senior citizen i.e about 8.6% of the India’s population. According to data from the U. N Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), the proportion of people over 60 will increase from 7.5% in 2010 to 11.1% in 2025. The NSSO 2002 report, the old population is expected to increase to 158.7 million by 2025, rising at a rate that is roughly twice as fast as the general population associated with Perceived Dysphagia, Cognition and Health-Related Quality of Life in Geriatrics populations.Dysphagia is becomes an important common problem for the geriatric population. While Presbyphagia is a term that refers to the distinctive age-related changes that occur in the swallowing mechanism of otherwise healthy older adults. It is well defined that in acutely ill elderly populations, the prevalence and quality-of-life changes associated with dysphagia remain unstable poor health conditions. The present study attempt “To investigate an Inquisitive Exploration on Perceived Dysphagia, Cognition and Health-Related Quality of Life in Geriatrics”.A total of 300 participants were included in the study. The participants within the study were all inhabitants of Pondicherry. The individual with geriatric inclusion was 70 years old and above at the time of participation. Two validated questionnaires were used namely the M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) and the general health Short Form-12 survey (SF-12v2) was administered to assess the impact of dysphagia-age related aspects on overall health. Both the questionnaires were self-administered and widely used in assessing cognitive function among the elderly, it includes orientation, attention, memory, language, and visuospatial skills.The study outcome concluded that there is a relatively high prevalence of dysphagia in the community-based geriatric population; significant quality-of-life impairment is a frequent finding. General health measures do not appear to be sensitive to swallowing-related quality of life but finally, individuals may inaccurately ascribe swallowing problems to normal aging, supporting the role of community education about dysphagia in the elderly.
世界范围内日益增长的老龄化人口是当今的主要问题之一。根据2011年的人口普查,印度有1.03亿老年人,约占印度人口的8.6%。根据联合国经济和社会事务部(UNDESA)的数据,60岁以上人口的比例将从2010年的7.5%增加到2025年的11.1%。根据NSSO 2002年的报告,到2025年,老年人口预计将增加到1.587亿,其增长速度大约是老年人口中与感知吞咽困难、认知和健康相关生活质量相关的普通人口的两倍。吞咽困难已成为老年人群的一个重要的共同问题。而食Presbyphagia是一个术语,指的是在健康的老年人的吞咽机制中发生的独特的与年龄相关的变化。很明显,在老年急性疾病人群中,与吞咽困难相关的患病率和生活质量变化仍然不稳定,健康状况不佳。本研究旨在“对老年患者感知吞咽困难、认知和健康相关生活质量的探究性探讨”。共有300名参与者参与了这项研究。这项研究的参与者都是本地治里的居民。老年纳入的个体在参与时年龄为70岁及以上。采用M.D. Anderson吞咽困难量表(MDADI)和一般健康问卷(SF-12v2)来评估吞咽困难与年龄相关方面对整体健康的影响。这两份问卷都是自我管理的,广泛用于评估老年人的认知功能,包括定向、注意力、记忆、语言和视觉空间技能。研究结果表明,以社区为基础的老年人群中存在相对较高的吞咽困难患病率;严重的生活质量损害是一种常见的发现。一般健康措施似乎对吞咽相关的生活质量不敏感,但最后,个人可能不准确地将吞咽问题归因于正常的衰老,这支持了社区教育老年人吞咽困难的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Dysphagia following parkinson’s - A case study 帕金森症后的吞咽困难-个案研究
Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.011
D. Gupta, Kritika Arora, Abhay Nagpal, Gurubax Singh
Parkinson’s disease is one of the leading causes of dysphagia. Based on the disease stage, disease duration and the assessing method, the prevalence varies between 11% and 87%. One or all of the stages of swallowing can be impaired in Parkinson’s disease. This case study presents a case of 72 years old patient who developed dysphagia, aspiration and feeding problems subsequent to experiencing Parkinson’s disease. This article follows patient along as his post Parkinson’s swallowing status changed and various therapeutic techniques were used and emphasis was given on the use of swallowing maneuvers. This case report highlights the importance of a comprehensive assessment and individualized intervention plan for managing dysphagia. The management involved interprofessional dysphagia team however, the speech language pathologist was fundamental in making of these decisions.
帕金森氏症是导致吞咽困难的主要原因之一。根据疾病分期、病程和评估方法的不同,患病率在11% ~ 87%之间。帕金森氏症患者的一个或所有吞咽阶段都可能受损。本病例研究报告了一位72岁的患者,在经历帕金森病后出现吞咽困难、误吸和进食问题。这篇文章跟随病人,随着他的帕金森氏症吞咽状态的变化和各种治疗技术的使用,重点是吞咽手法的使用。本病例报告强调了全面评估和个性化干预计划对处理吞咽困难的重要性。管理涉及跨专业的吞咽困难团队,然而,语言病理学家是做出这些决定的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Role of AI in ENT 人工智能在耳鼻喉科的作用
Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.008
Manish Gupta
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引用次数: 0
Middle turbinate resection in FESS: Do or do not? FESS中鼻甲切除术:做还是不做?
Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.001
Manish Gupta
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引用次数: 0
Correlation of oral mucosal lesions with various habits and histopathological findings 口腔黏膜病变与各种生活习惯及组织病理学表现的相关性
Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.005
N. Shah, K. R. Kumar
The oral mucosa is subjected to numerous local irritants throughout the life. This makes the oral cavity one of the most common sites for various benign, premalignant and malignant lesions. These lesions can cause variety of symptoms, leading to severe discomfort in daily life. Oral lesions generally present in the form of ulcer, swelling, discolouration or restricted mouth opening. Hence, the knowledge of all these pathological lesions of oral cavity becomes important in their early diagnosis and effective management. In our current analytical and descriptive study, we studied clinical profile and histopathologic findings of various oral mucosal lesions, in 80 subjects. These lesions were found to be more common in middle aged males of low socioeconomic status. There was strong association between tobacco chewing and smoking with occurrence of premalignant and malignant lesions. Alcohol addiction often coexisted with tobacco consumption; and was found to be weakly associated with only malignant lesions. Aphthous stomatitis and Oral submucous fibrosis were found to be the most common benign and premalignant lesions, respectively. Most common malignant lesion was squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa. History and clinical examination were needed to study the type, site, gross appearance and extent of the lesion. However intra-oral biopsy was gold standard in making accurate diagnosis of these lesions. Knowledge obtained through this clinico-histopathological study was useful to make early diagnosis of oral mucosal lesions for their effective management.
口腔黏膜在一生中受到许多局部刺激。这使得口腔成为各种良性、癌前和恶性病变最常见的部位之一。这些病变可引起各种症状,导致日常生活中的严重不适。口腔病变通常表现为溃疡、肿胀、变色或张嘴受限。因此,了解所有这些口腔病理病变对其早期诊断和有效治疗变得非常重要。在我们目前的分析性和描述性研究中,我们研究了80名受试者的各种口腔粘膜病变的临床特征和组织病理学结果。这些病变在社会经济地位较低的中年男性中更为常见。咀嚼烟草和吸烟与恶性前病变和恶性病变的发生有很强的相关性。酒精成瘾往往与烟草消费并存;仅与恶性病变有微弱关联。口腔溃疡性口炎和口腔黏膜下纤维化分别是最常见的良性和癌前病变。最常见的恶性病变是口腔粘膜鳞状细胞癌。需要病史和临床检查来研究病变的类型、部位、大体外观和范围。然而,口腔内活检是准确诊断这些病变的金标准。通过临床组织病理学研究获得的知识有助于口腔黏膜病变的早期诊断和有效治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Parathyroid cyst-An unusual presentation 甲状旁腺囊肿——一种不寻常的表现
Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.007
Harjitpal Singh, Abishek, M. Mahajan, Bharti Ranot, Ravinder Kaur
Parathyroid cyst is one of the least common causes of neck and mediastinal mass and often mistaken be thyroid cyst. Despite advancement in radiological and cytological investigations diagnosing a parathyroid cyst had always been a clinical challenge and mistaken for thyroid pathology and it is only diagnosed during histopathological examination post-surgical resection. The pathogenesis of parathyroid cyst includes the embryological remnant of the 3 or 4 branchial arch with accumulation of colloid material within it. These are classified into functioning and non -functioning depending on whether they are secreting parathyroid hormone and resulting in hypercalcemia. Surgery is indicated in all functioning Parathyroid cysts to alleviate the symptoms of hypercalcemia, larger Parathyroid cysts, and recommended in Parathyroid cysts that recur following more conservative approaches.
甲状旁腺囊肿是颈部和纵隔肿块最不常见的原因之一,常被误认为是甲状腺囊肿。尽管放射学和细胞学检查的进步,诊断甲状旁腺囊肿一直是一个临床挑战,并被误认为甲状腺病理,只有在手术切除后的组织病理学检查中才能诊断出来。甲状旁腺囊肿的发病机制包括3或4鳃弓的胚胎残余及其内胶质物质的积累。根据它们是否分泌甲状旁腺激素并导致高钙血症,将它们分为功能性和非功能性。手术适用于所有功能正常的甲状旁腺囊肿,以减轻高钙血症和较大甲状旁腺囊肿的症状,并推荐在保守入路后复发的甲状旁腺囊肿。
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引用次数: 0
Mindfulness and its impact in cancer patients- Evidence based medicine 正念及其对癌症患者的影响——循证医学
Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.002
Dheeraj Makkar
The present investigation aims to examine the impact of the mindfulness-based stress reduction program (MBSR) and mindful practice on individuals diagnosed with cancer, drawing upon the extant literature. The MBSR program typically spans over a duration of eight weeks and involves a structured and intensive approach to training individuals in mindfulness meditation techniques. The present investigation examined the Pubmed search engine and identified a total of 1919 studies through the utilization of specific keywords. The scope of the search was narrowed down to encompass solely studies and trials that incorporated mindfulness practices. Qualitative intervention methods, reviews, observational studies, metanalysis, yoga, and dietary modifications were explicitly excluded from consideration. We additionally incorporated investigations with an impact factor equal to or greater than 10. The present study involved the analysis and review of nine studies that have been assigned an impact factor of ten or higher. Participants displayed more serenity; they felt more vibrant, balanced, upbeat, pleased, and emotionally strong. Their enhanced level of acceptance, presence, and perceptiveness in their interpersonal connections resulted in an elevated standard of living.
本研究旨在研究基于正念的减压计划(MBSR)和正念练习对癌症患者的影响,借鉴现有文献。正念减压项目通常持续八周,包括一个结构化和密集的方法来训练个人的正念冥想技巧。本研究检查了Pubmed搜索引擎,并通过使用特定关键词确定了总共1919项研究。搜索的范围被缩小到只包含包含正念练习的研究和试验。定性干预方法、综述、观察性研究、元分析、瑜伽和饮食改变被明确排除在考虑之外。我们还纳入了影响因子等于或大于10的调查。本研究分析和审查了9项影响因子为10或更高的研究。参与者表现得更加平静;他们感到更有活力、更平衡、更乐观、更快乐、情感更强大。他们在人际关系中的接受程度、存在感和洞察力的提高,导致了生活水平的提高。
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引用次数: 0
Iron deficiency anaemia as a novel immunological indicator of recurrence in chronic tonsillitis 缺铁性贫血作为慢性扁桃体炎复发的新免疫学指标
Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.003
Chenchulakshmi Vasudevan, Vinita V. Metgudmath, Vijay Metgudmath
Trace elements such as iron play essential roles in the metabolic and immune functions of the body. Anaemia is known to suppresses immunity and it was assessed based on iron deficiency. The present study was done to elucidate the correlation of iron deficiency anaemia to chronic and recurrent tonsillitis. A 1 -year observational study was conducted and 100 patients with recurrent tonsillitis were included. Serum iron were estimated by spectrometry. Anemia was assessed based on Hb levels, TIBC and peripheral smears. Spearman’s and Pearson’s correlation Coefficients were used for the statistical analysis. 84% of the patients had a iron deficiency anaemia, 56% had low serum iron, There was a significant corelation between anaemia and low serum iron among the study population, the Spearman’s correlation coefficient r value was 0.824 and the p value was less than 0.05 between iron deficiency anaemia and recurrent tonsillitis with higher grades of hypertrophy and symptoms as well. In order to plan the treatment of tonsillitis and predict the prognosis accurately we need to assess the patient’s immune status, for which serum iron and markers of anaemia can be used. This will be a novel and economical prognostic biomarker which can be embraced in the modern, evidence-based practice of otorhinolaryngology.
微量元素如铁在人体的代谢和免疫功能中起着至关重要的作用。众所周知,贫血会抑制免疫力,这是根据缺铁来评估的。本研究旨在阐明缺铁性贫血与慢性和复发性扁桃体炎的关系。一项为期1年的观察性研究纳入了100例复发性扁桃体炎患者。用光谱法测定血清铁含量。根据血红蛋白水平、TIBC和外周涂片评估贫血。采用Spearman’s和Pearson’s相关系数进行统计分析。缺铁性贫血占84%,血清铁含量低占56%,研究人群中贫血与血清铁含量低存在显著相关性,缺铁性贫血与复发性扁桃体炎伴较高程度肥大及症状的Spearman相关系数r值为0.824,p值< 0.05。为了规划扁桃体炎的治疗和准确预测预后,需要评估患者的免疫状态,血清铁和贫血标志物可用于评估患者的免疫状态。这将是一种新颖和经济的预后生物标志物,可以在现代耳鼻喉科的循证实践中使用。
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引用次数: 0
A rare presentation of recurrent tongue tie 罕见的舌结复发
Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.006
R. Shetty, Deepalakshmi Tanthry, Gururaj Tanthry
Ankyloglossia or tongue-tie is the result of a short, tight, lingual frenulum causing difficulty in speech articulation due to limitation in tongue movement. Ankyloglossia is a common finding in infants. Prevalence ranges between 4.2% and 10.7%. Although lingual frenectomy is a common technique it is a sensitive surgical procedure, the anatomic and topographic lingual frenulum makes the site vulnerable to various intraoperative and postoperative complications. In this case study, we have reported a 2-year-old male child with prior history of a frenectomy, presented with difficulty in speech and restricted tongue movements. On examination, a 1x1cm, solitary swelling was noted in the region of the lingual frenulum, firm, cystic, and non-tender. Tongue movements were restricted with an inability to perform protrusion beyond the vermillion border of the lips.Under general anesthesia, the child underwent revision frenectomy, excision of the swelling, and release of fibrous tissue adjacent to the swelling .Intraoperatively protrusion of the tongue was examined and found to have improved .The specimen was sent for histopathology which was reported as organizing mucocele. The Child was reviewed after 6 months, tongue movements were seen to have improved substantially in all ranges of motion.
舌系带紧张症是由于舌系带短而紧,舌头运动受限而导致发音困难的结果。强直性咬合在婴儿中很常见。患病率在4.2%至10.7%之间。虽然舌系带切除术是一种常见的技术,但它是一种敏感的外科手术,舌系带的解剖和地形使该部位容易受到各种术中和术后并发症的影响。在本病例研究中,我们报告了一名2岁男童,既往有系带切除术史,表现为语言困难和舌头运动受限。检查时,舌系带区域有1x1cm的孤立性肿胀,坚硬、囊性、无压痛。舌头的运动受到限制,无法在嘴唇的朱红色边界外伸出。在全麻下,患儿行改良系带切除术,切除肿物,松解肿物附近的纤维组织。术中检查舌突,发现有改善。标本送组织病理学检查,报告为组织性粘液囊肿。孩子在6个月后复查,舌头的运动在所有运动范围内都有了很大的改善。
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引用次数: 0
Self-assessment of hearing on hookah smokers 水烟吸烟者听力自我评价
Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.004
H. Sanju, Mahesh Kumar, S. Verma, Ashis Avishek Prusty, Ankit Kumar Lohani
Previous studies have reported adverse effect of smoking on our health. Current study aimed to investigate ill effect of hookah smoking on hearing sensitivity, annoyance evaluation, hookah related attitude and knowledge about hearing loss among hookah smokers of village. A questionnaire of 10 questions related to aim and objectives of the study were administered on 146 men smokers participated in the current study. : The hazardous effect of hookah smoking on hearing and psychological health are well reflected in the present investigation. Lack of awareness regarding adverse effect of hookah smoking was observed in the present study.
以前的研究报告了吸烟对我们健康的不利影响。本研究旨在了解乡村水烟吸烟者对听力敏感性、烦恼评价、水烟相关态度和听力损失知识的不良影响。对146名参与本研究的男性吸烟者进行了一份包含10个问题的问卷调查,这些问题与研究的目的和目标有关。水烟对听力和心理健康的危害在目前的调查中得到了很好的反映。在本研究中发现,人们对水烟的不良影响缺乏认识。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
IP Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Allied Science
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