Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.37406/2706-9052-2022-16
O. Humeniuk, I. Humeniuk
Renewable energy is a priority in making the “green” transition from climate-damaging fossil fuels to “clean” renewable energy sources, as well as ensuring sustainable access to energy worldwide. The article is aimed at analyzing the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the development of renewable energy sources in Ukraine and its economic return. The authors suggest several effective low-cost steps to minimize the impact of the current Ukrainian situation on the economy and the formation of the energy independence of Ukraine, as well as the further development of the industry focused on quitting Russian gas
{"title":"RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC AND NATIONAL SECURITY THREATS UNDER RUSSIAN AGGRESSION","authors":"O. Humeniuk, I. Humeniuk","doi":"10.37406/2706-9052-2022-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2022-16","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable energy is a priority in making the “green” transition from climate-damaging fossil fuels to “clean” renewable energy sources, as well as ensuring sustainable access to energy worldwide. The article is aimed at analyzing the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the development of renewable energy sources in Ukraine and its economic return. The authors suggest several effective low-cost steps to minimize the impact of the current Ukrainian situation on the economy and the formation of the energy independence of Ukraine, as well as the further development of the industry focused on quitting Russian gas","PeriodicalId":166753,"journal":{"name":"Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126708337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.37406/2706-9052-2022-2-1
R. O. Mialkovsky, P. V. Bezvikonny, V. Mudrakov
Goal. To determine the effect of foliar fertilizing with microfertilizers on the mass accumulation of potato tubers in the conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Analysis, synthesis, generalization, laboratory and field experiment. The results. It is established that the highest indices were obtained from the use of micronutrient Reakom – a variety of Dar and Crystaloneone special – a variety of Alladin. Thus, in the Aladin variety from the introduction of microfiber Crystaloneone special with a norm of 2,50 kg/ha, the average weight of tubers in the bushes in the budding phase was obtained – 318 g, in the phase of drying of the peduncle – 624 g, the Dar variety – the most effective rate of application among the studied variants the established norm of Reakom – 4,50 kg/ha, while the average weight of tubers in the budding phase was 309 g, the beginning of the drying of the peduncle – 683 g, respectively. The most effective rate for introducing potato plants is the following: Reakom – 4,50 kg/ha, Crystalonelone special – 2,50 kg/ha, and Rozasol – 3,00 kg/ha in the budding phase and the beginning of the disappearance of the peduncle. Conclusions. Indigenous fertilization with microfertilizers (Reakom, Crystalone special and Rozasol), influenced growth processes. At the same time, they were more intense compared with the control (without plant treatment) and maintained until the drying of the peduncle. All this contributed to the growth of the tubers weight and increased the yield and quality of products
{"title":"THE MASS ACCUMULATION OF POTATO POTATOES DEPENDS ON EXTRA-ROOT NUTRITION OF PLANTS WITH MICROFERTILIZERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE","authors":"R. O. Mialkovsky, P. V. Bezvikonny, V. Mudrakov","doi":"10.37406/2706-9052-2022-2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2022-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"Goal. To determine the effect of foliar fertilizing with microfertilizers on the mass accumulation of potato tubers in the conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Analysis, synthesis, generalization, laboratory and field experiment. The results. It is established that the highest indices were obtained from the use of micronutrient Reakom – a variety of Dar and Crystaloneone special – a variety of Alladin. Thus, in the Aladin variety from the introduction of microfiber Crystaloneone special with a norm of 2,50 kg/ha, the average weight of tubers in the bushes in the budding phase was obtained – 318 g, in the phase of drying of the peduncle – 624 g, the Dar variety – the most effective rate of application among the studied variants the established norm of Reakom – 4,50 kg/ha, while the average weight of tubers in the budding phase was 309 g, the beginning of the drying of the peduncle – 683 g, respectively. The most effective rate for introducing potato plants is the following: Reakom – 4,50 kg/ha, Crystalonelone special – 2,50 kg/ha, and Rozasol – 3,00 kg/ha in the budding phase and the beginning of the disappearance of the peduncle. Conclusions. Indigenous fertilization with microfertilizers (Reakom, Crystalone special and Rozasol), influenced growth processes. At the same time, they were more intense compared with the control (without plant treatment) and maintained until the drying of the peduncle. All this contributed to the growth of the tubers weight and increased the yield and quality of products","PeriodicalId":166753,"journal":{"name":"Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics","volume":"232 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132489223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.37406/2706-9052-2022-12
O. Tkach, V. Ovcharuk, M. Jewiarz
The article presents the field studies results on the role of soil moisture on the yield of root chicory plants and the determination of the water forms content in plants on plots of different soil fertility with the organic fertilizers application of 20 t/ha. It has been established that with the most intensive growth and development of plants in fertilized areas during the growing season, a higher percentage of total and free water and less bound water were accumulated in the soil compared to areas where organic fertilizers were not applied. In terms of total water content in plants, the difference was insignificant, especially in the daytime. Thus, the organic fertilizers introduction into the soil under root chicory in order to obtain high yields makes it possible to better retain soil moisture in the soil, which further affects to the crop yield. The amount of necessary moisture in the soil is one of the main factors for the growth and development of common beans. The process of seed germination will begin with swelling. When swollen, it absorbs 100-120% of moisture in relation to its own weight. That is why bean seeds come together when sown in sufficiently warmed soil. It takes 6-10 days from the moment of sowing to germination under favorable conditions, and germination is delayed up to 14-20 days in cool weather. Optimum humidity on different soils for the most friendly germination of seeds ranges from 25 to 75% of full moisture capacity. So, on a fertilized field, common bean seeds germinate better at 75%, on heavy soils - at 50%, on light - 25%, on clay soils equally at 25 and 75% humidity from full moisture capacity. Also, the beans’ need for moisture largely depends on the phases of development. It is especially demanding on moisture during the period of seed germination and emergence of seedlings, in the budding phase of flowering and ripening. From germination to flowering, beans are less demanding on moisture compared to other periods of development
{"title":"FEATURES OF THE SOIL MOISTURE ROLE IN ENSURING A HIGH YIELD OF ROOT CHICORY PLANTS","authors":"O. Tkach, V. Ovcharuk, M. Jewiarz","doi":"10.37406/2706-9052-2022-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2022-12","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the field studies results on the role of soil moisture on the yield of root chicory plants and the determination of the water forms content in plants on plots of different soil fertility with the organic fertilizers application of 20 t/ha. It has been established that with the most intensive growth and development of plants in fertilized areas during the growing season, a higher percentage of total and free water and less bound water were accumulated in the soil compared to areas where organic fertilizers were not applied. In terms of total water content in plants, the difference was insignificant, especially in the daytime. Thus, the organic fertilizers introduction into the soil under root chicory in order to obtain high yields makes it possible to better retain soil moisture in the soil, which further affects to the crop yield. The amount of necessary moisture in the soil is one of the main factors for the growth and development of common beans. The process of seed germination will begin with swelling. When swollen, it absorbs 100-120% of moisture in relation to its own weight. That is why bean seeds come together when sown in sufficiently warmed soil. It takes 6-10 days from the moment of sowing to germination under favorable conditions, and germination is delayed up to 14-20 days in cool weather. Optimum humidity on different soils for the most friendly germination of seeds ranges from 25 to 75% of full moisture capacity. So, on a fertilized field, common bean seeds germinate better at 75%, on heavy soils - at 50%, on light - 25%, on clay soils equally at 25 and 75% humidity from full moisture capacity. Also, the beans’ need for moisture largely depends on the phases of development. It is especially demanding on moisture during the period of seed germination and emergence of seedlings, in the budding phase of flowering and ripening. From germination to flowering, beans are less demanding on moisture compared to other periods of development","PeriodicalId":166753,"journal":{"name":"Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116601885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.37406/2706-9052-2022-11
S. Dymytrov, V. Sabluk
Introduction. It is known that the lower soil horizons are moistened due to autumn and winter precipitation, while the upper ones – by summer precipitation. In summer, moisture intensively evaporates at high air temperatures. Only 30–50% of the moisture accumulated in the soil due to precipitation remains in the soil. In extremely dry years, this percentage can usually be much lower. In this regard, one of the main problems in agriculture is the preservation and rational use of productive moisture reserves. Purpose. To determine the effect of mycorrhization of the root system of crops by mycorrhiza-forming fungi on the formation of productive moisture reserves in the upper soil layer. Methods. Field, laboratory, and statistical. Results. The use of mycorrhizal fungi positively affected the formation of productive moisture reserves in the 0–30 cm soil layer. In particular, the use of Tuber melanosporum Vittad. fungi (bio preparation Mycovital) and Trichoderma harzianum Rifai. (bio preparation Mycofriend) in the sowings of winter wheat and corn (Zea mays) at different periods of plant vegetation (30, 60, 90, and 120 days) increased the productive moisture content in the 0–30 cm soil layer by 5.3–47.8% compared to control. Such an increase in the soil moisture content was maintained by the increase in the root mass of the crops due to mycorrhization and was higher, compared to control, by 13.7–83.2% in winter wheat and 21.1–130.1% in corn. The accumulation of higher productive moisture reserves in the soil in the treatments with mycorrhiza compared to the control occurs because of the ability of fungi to create a mass of thin absorbent hyphae that penetrate the smallest pores of the soil and thus increase the absorption of nutrients and moisture. Originality. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the substantiation of original conceptual statements which are of theoretical and practical significance. Conclusion. Mycorrhizal fungi contribute to the accumulation of productive moisture reserves in the upper soil layer via the increase in the root mass of crops and the formation of absorptive filamentous hyphae that penetrate the smallest pores of the soil.
{"title":"INCREASING PRODUCTIVE MOISTURE CONTENT IN THE SOIL DUE TO MYCORRHIZATION OF THE ROOT SYSTEM OF CROPS BY MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI","authors":"S. Dymytrov, V. Sabluk","doi":"10.37406/2706-9052-2022-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2022-11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. It is known that the lower soil horizons are moistened due to autumn and winter precipitation, while the upper ones – by summer precipitation. In summer, moisture intensively evaporates at high air temperatures. Only 30–50% of the moisture accumulated in the soil due to precipitation remains in the soil. In extremely dry years, this percentage can usually be much lower. In this regard, one of the main problems in agriculture is the preservation and rational use of productive moisture reserves. Purpose. To determine the effect of mycorrhization of the root system of crops by mycorrhiza-forming fungi on the formation of productive moisture reserves in the upper soil layer. Methods. Field, laboratory, and statistical. Results. The use of mycorrhizal fungi positively affected the formation of productive moisture reserves in the 0–30 cm soil layer. In particular, the use of Tuber melanosporum Vittad. fungi (bio preparation Mycovital) and Trichoderma harzianum Rifai. (bio preparation Mycofriend) in the sowings of winter wheat and corn (Zea mays) at different periods of plant vegetation (30, 60, 90, and 120 days) increased the productive moisture content in the 0–30 cm soil layer by 5.3–47.8% compared to control. Such an increase in the soil moisture content was maintained by the increase in the root mass of the crops due to mycorrhization and was higher, compared to control, by 13.7–83.2% in winter wheat and 21.1–130.1% in corn. The accumulation of higher productive moisture reserves in the soil in the treatments with mycorrhiza compared to the control occurs because of the ability of fungi to create a mass of thin absorbent hyphae that penetrate the smallest pores of the soil and thus increase the absorption of nutrients and moisture. Originality. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the substantiation of original conceptual statements which are of theoretical and practical significance. Conclusion. Mycorrhizal fungi contribute to the accumulation of productive moisture reserves in the upper soil layer via the increase in the root mass of crops and the formation of absorptive filamentous hyphae that penetrate the smallest pores of the soil.","PeriodicalId":166753,"journal":{"name":"Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133941742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-20
V. Levytska, A. Mushynskyi
In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of tick-borne diseases around the world, especially borreliosis, rickettsiosis (anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis), tick-borne encephalitis and others. Climate and environmental changes, migration (movement) of domestic animals lead to changes in the epizootiological situation regarding communicable diseases. The analysis of epizootological, clinical, laboratory data is carried out. The data of scientific researches concerning tick-borne diseases, namely borreliosis, ehrlichiosis, tick-borne encephalitis, louping-ill infection are generalized. In recent years, infectious and invasive animal diseases caused by viruses, bacteria and protozoa transmitted by ticks have become a new challenge in health and veterinary practice. Many such diseases are zoonoses and lead to disability and mortality in humans and animals. Ixodid ticks often attack animals and humans and are widespread throughout Europe, as well as being involved in the transmission of a large number of tick-borne diseases. Currently, one of the biggest threats is the pathogens of the complex Borrelia burgdorferi s. l., which belong to the spirochetes and affect various species of mammals and birds and are transmitted by ticks (Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes hexagonus and Ixodes persulcatus). The disease is of great epidemiological importance for human health. Diagnosis and treatment are insufficiently developed. Ehrlichia spp. are gramnegative, obligate intracellular bacteria from the family Anaplasmataceae. In Europe, Ehrlichia canis is the etiological agent of monocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs. The main host of E. canis is a dog (other dogs can serve as reservoir hosts); vector - Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Tick-borne encephalitis, as well as louping-ill infection, are diseases transmitted by Ixodid ticks and pose a danger to dogs, cats and other animals, as well as people in Europe. At present, all these diseases acquire important epizootological significance, as diagnosis and treatment are complicated. The main measure of disease prevention among dogs is the effective protection of animals from tick attack. Tick-borne diseases are a type of infectious and invasive diseases of animals and humans, the causative agents of which spread from one susceptible subject to another with the participation of blood-sucking arthropods. The most common and clinically significant diseases are: borreliosis, ehrlichiosis, tick-borne encephalitis and other. Systematic studies of zoonotic diseases have not been conducted in Ukraine. Systematic monitoring of pathogens and effective control of communicable diseases of animals are the basis for improving the epidemiological situation among the population.
{"title":"DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF TICK-BORNE DISEASES OF PETS","authors":"V. Levytska, A. Mushynskyi","doi":"10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-20","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of tick-borne diseases around the world, especially borreliosis, rickettsiosis (anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis), tick-borne encephalitis and others. Climate and environmental changes, migration (movement) of domestic animals lead to changes in the epizootiological situation regarding communicable diseases. The analysis of epizootological, clinical, laboratory data is carried out. The data of scientific researches concerning tick-borne diseases, namely borreliosis, ehrlichiosis, tick-borne encephalitis, louping-ill infection are generalized. In recent years, infectious and invasive animal diseases caused by viruses, bacteria and protozoa transmitted by ticks have become a new challenge in health and veterinary practice. Many such diseases are zoonoses and lead to disability and mortality in humans and animals. Ixodid ticks often attack animals and humans and are widespread throughout Europe, as well as being involved in the transmission of a large number of tick-borne diseases. Currently, one of the biggest threats is the pathogens of the complex Borrelia burgdorferi s. l., which belong to the spirochetes and affect various species of mammals and birds and are transmitted by ticks (Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes hexagonus and Ixodes persulcatus). The disease is of great epidemiological importance for human health. Diagnosis and treatment are insufficiently developed. Ehrlichia spp. are gramnegative, obligate intracellular bacteria from the family Anaplasmataceae. In Europe, Ehrlichia canis is the etiological agent of monocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs. The main host of E. canis is a dog (other dogs can serve as reservoir hosts); vector - Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Tick-borne encephalitis, as well as louping-ill infection, are diseases transmitted by Ixodid ticks and pose a danger to dogs, cats and other animals, as well as people in Europe. At present, all these diseases acquire important epizootological significance, as diagnosis and treatment are complicated. The main measure of disease prevention among dogs is the effective protection of animals from tick attack. Tick-borne diseases are a type of infectious and invasive diseases of animals and humans, the causative agents of which spread from one susceptible subject to another with the participation of blood-sucking arthropods. The most common and clinically significant diseases are: borreliosis, ehrlichiosis, tick-borne encephalitis and other. Systematic studies of zoonotic diseases have not been conducted in Ukraine. Systematic monitoring of pathogens and effective control of communicable diseases of animals are the basis for improving the epidemiological situation among the population.","PeriodicalId":166753,"journal":{"name":"Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115147899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-2
M. Bakhmat, I.V. Sendetskiy
The studies results influence of the growth regulator Vermiyodis and sowing norms on wintering of winter oilseed rape plants and Mercedes hybrid on sod podzolic soils of the experimental field of Prykarpattia of the State Agricultural Experimental Station of the NASG region are presented. Studies have shown that the variants with the pre-sowing treatment off the winter variety Cheremosh seeds was carried out, on average over the years of research, at the sowing rate of 0600000 / ha plant death during overwintering was 4.7-5.7 pcs / m2 or 9, 5-10 , 8%, at a sowing rate of 0800000 / ha of germinating seeds - 5.7- 6.2 pieces / m2 or 8.5-9.3%, at a sowing rate of 1.0 million / ha of similar seeds - 8.7-9 , 3 pcs / m2 or 10.1- 10.9%. In the variants where the pre-sowing treatment of seeds was carried out with the Vermiyodis regulator at a dose of 5 l / t at a sowing rate of 08mln / ha, the plant death was 4.6-5.6%, which is 2.8-3.0% less than the norm sowing 1.0 million / ha of germinating seeds. In the variants where the pre-sowing treatment of seeds of the winter hybrid Mercedes was carried out with the growth regulator "Vermiodis" 5 l / t, the percentage of dead plants was 4.8-5.6% at the sowing rate of 0600000 / ha of germinating seeds, at the sowing rate of 0.8 million / ha - 6.1-7.3%, with a sowing rate of 1.0 million / ha of germinating seeds 8.1-8.6%, which is significantly less than the control and options, where presowing seed treatment was carried out with the growth regulator "Vermijodis". Studies have shown that the best overwintering, on average over the years of research, was in the rapeseed variety of winter hybrid Mercedes at a sowing rate of 0600000 / ha of germinating seeds, in the variety Cheremosh at a sowing rate of 0800000 / ha of germinating seeds for pre-sowing seed treatment.
{"title":"FEATURES OF WINTERING WINTER RAPE AT DIFFERENT SEEDING RATES AND THE USE OF GROWTH REGULATORS","authors":"M. Bakhmat, I.V. Sendetskiy","doi":"10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"The studies results influence of the growth regulator Vermiyodis and sowing norms on wintering of winter oilseed rape plants and Mercedes hybrid on sod podzolic soils of the experimental field of Prykarpattia of the State Agricultural Experimental Station of the NASG region are presented. Studies have shown that the variants with the pre-sowing treatment off the winter variety Cheremosh seeds was carried out, on average over the years of research, at the sowing rate of 0600000 / ha plant death during overwintering was 4.7-5.7 pcs / m2 or 9, 5-10 , 8%, at a sowing rate of 0800000 / ha of germinating seeds - 5.7- 6.2 pieces / m2 or 8.5-9.3%, at a sowing rate of 1.0 million / ha of similar seeds - 8.7-9 , 3 pcs / m2 or 10.1- 10.9%. In the variants where the pre-sowing treatment of seeds was carried out with the Vermiyodis regulator at a dose of 5 l / t at a sowing rate of 08mln / ha, the plant death was 4.6-5.6%, which is 2.8-3.0% less than the norm sowing 1.0 million / ha of germinating seeds. In the variants where the pre-sowing treatment of seeds of the winter hybrid Mercedes was carried out with the growth regulator \"Vermiodis\" 5 l / t, the percentage of dead plants was 4.8-5.6% at the sowing rate of 0600000 / ha of germinating seeds, at the sowing rate of 0.8 million / ha - 6.1-7.3%, with a sowing rate of 1.0 million / ha of germinating seeds 8.1-8.6%, which is significantly less than the control and options, where presowing seed treatment was carried out with the growth regulator \"Vermijodis\". Studies have shown that the best overwintering, on average over the years of research, was in the rapeseed variety of winter hybrid Mercedes at a sowing rate of 0600000 / ha of germinating seeds, in the variety Cheremosh at a sowing rate of 0800000 / ha of germinating seeds for pre-sowing seed treatment.","PeriodicalId":166753,"journal":{"name":"Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122692560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-10
А. Т. Tsvigun, V. V. Shuplik, R. V. Kasprov, N. V. Scherbatyuk
The results of research on the biological features of growth, development and productivity of animals obtained from crossbreeding of cattle of different origins are presented. The aim of the research was to study the biological features of growth, development and productivity indicators in local animals of cattle obtained from crossing dairy cows with meat bulls. The research was conducted through research and production experiments, groups were formed on the principle of pairs of analogues. It was found that local animals at birth had a higher live weight compared to purebreds. The only exceptions are crossbreeds with Aberdeen Angus. The advantage in live weight in domestic animals was: the second group - 72.6 kg, or 16.9%; third - 62.6 kg, 14.6%; fourth - 87.4 kg, 20.4%; fifth - 66.1 kg, 15.4%; sixth - 30.7 kg, 7.1%. Between six and nine months, the average daily gain in domestic animals was higher except for the sixth group. The advantage was in the second group +100 g, in the third +227 g, in the fourth +159 g, in the fifth +111 g, and in animals of the sixth group the lag was -164 g. In the subsequent periods of cultivation local bulls prevailed. purebred according to this indicator. For the entire period of cultivation, from birth to 18 months, the advantage was the second group of 119 g, the third - 118 g, the fourth - 154 g, the fifth - 112 g, the sixth - 28 g. There are also differences in indicators measurements among animals of different groups, so the largest oblique length of the torso and chest girth had crossbreeds of the second and fourth groups, and the smallest of the third group. Similar results were obtained by latitudinal measurements. Analysis of data on linear growth and body structure indices indicate good development of animals and fairly harmonious body shapes. However, the differences between purebred animals and crossbreeds are observed and quite significant. The highest pre-slaughter weight was in animals of the second group of 500.7 kg. (+78.8 kg.). A similar situation is observed in terms of slaughter mass. The largest slaughter weight was obtained from animals of the fifth group 319.3 kg. (+83 kg). The animals of the fifth group also had the heaviest carcasses of 310.1 kg (+79 kg).
{"title":"BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT \u0000AND PRODUCTIVITY INDICATORS OF ANIMALS OBTAINED FROM CROSSING OF CATTLE OF DIFFERENT BREEDS","authors":"А. Т. Tsvigun, V. V. Shuplik, R. V. Kasprov, N. V. Scherbatyuk","doi":"10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-10","url":null,"abstract":"The results of research on the biological features of growth, development and productivity of animals obtained from crossbreeding of cattle of different origins are presented. The aim of the research was to study the biological features of growth, development and productivity indicators in local animals of cattle obtained from crossing dairy cows with meat bulls. The research was conducted through research and production experiments, groups were formed on the principle of pairs of analogues. It was found that local animals at birth had a higher live weight compared to purebreds. The only exceptions are crossbreeds with Aberdeen Angus. The advantage in live weight in domestic animals was: the second group - 72.6 kg, or 16.9%; third - 62.6 kg, 14.6%; fourth - 87.4 kg, 20.4%; fifth - 66.1 kg, 15.4%; sixth - 30.7 kg, 7.1%. Between six and nine months, the average daily gain in domestic animals was higher except for the sixth group. The advantage was in the second group +100 g, in the third +227 g, in the fourth +159 g, in the fifth +111 g, and in animals of the sixth group the lag was -164 g. In the subsequent periods of cultivation local bulls prevailed. purebred according to this indicator. For the entire period of cultivation, from birth to 18 months, the advantage was the second group of 119 g, the third - 118 g, the fourth - 154 g, the fifth - 112 g, the sixth - 28 g. There are also differences in indicators measurements among animals of different groups, so the largest oblique length of the torso and chest girth had crossbreeds of the second and fourth groups, and the smallest of the third group. Similar results were obtained by latitudinal measurements. Analysis of data on linear growth and body structure indices indicate good development of animals and fairly harmonious body shapes. However, the differences between purebred animals and crossbreeds are observed and quite significant. The highest pre-slaughter weight was in animals of the second group of 500.7 kg. (+78.8 kg.). A similar situation is observed in terms of slaughter mass. The largest slaughter weight was obtained from animals of the fifth group 319.3 kg. (+83 kg). The animals of the fifth group also had the heaviest carcasses of 310.1 kg (+79 kg).","PeriodicalId":166753,"journal":{"name":"Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics","volume":"699 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128260319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-6
K. Nebaba
The article presents the results reached in our study of the influence of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators on symbiotic capacity of field pea in the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe. Experimental part was carried out during 2016-2018 on the field of the TPC Podilya at the SAEUP, the typical black soil, characterized as deep, low-humus, and heavy gravel on forest-like loams. The results indicate that the productivity of field pea largely depended on the effective interaction of the host plant and nodule bacteria. Application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and small doses of nitrogen fertilizers improved the biological fixation of nitrogen. Spray application of growth regulators at the budding-flowering phase continued the functioning of the red pigment of synthesized leghemoglobin in the nodules. The positive effect of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators on the symbiotic potentials of field pea plants was confirmed. The total symbiotic potential characterizes the state of legume-rhizobium symbiosis. The duration of active functioning of nodules on pea roots and their ability to fix biological nitrogen during the growing season define the magnitude of the active symbiotic potential. During the growing season, the total symbiotic potential indicators were the highest for the Chekbek variety and amounted to 13.1 thousand kg*days/ha (after application of N30P30K45 with the Vympel growth regulator). After application of the same combination of mineral fertilizer and growth regulator, the Gotovsky variety demonstrated - 10.6 thousand kg*days/ha, the Fargus variety – 10.0 thousand kg*days/ha.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH REGULATORS \u0000ON THE SYMBIOTIK PRODUCTIVITY OF FEALD PEA IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE","authors":"K. Nebaba","doi":"10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-6","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results reached in our study of the influence of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators on symbiotic capacity of field pea in the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe. Experimental part was carried out during 2016-2018 on the field of the TPC Podilya at the SAEUP, the typical black soil, characterized as deep, low-humus, and heavy gravel on forest-like loams. The results indicate that the productivity of field pea largely depended on the effective interaction of the host plant and nodule bacteria. Application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and small doses of nitrogen fertilizers improved the biological fixation of nitrogen. Spray application of growth regulators at the budding-flowering phase continued the functioning of the red pigment of synthesized leghemoglobin in the nodules. The positive effect of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators on the symbiotic potentials of field pea plants was confirmed. The total symbiotic potential characterizes the state of legume-rhizobium symbiosis. The duration of active functioning of nodules on pea roots and their ability to fix biological nitrogen during the growing season define the magnitude of the active symbiotic potential. During the growing season, the total symbiotic potential indicators were the highest for the Chekbek variety and amounted to 13.1 thousand kg*days/ha (after application of N30P30K45 with the Vympel growth regulator). After application of the same combination of mineral fertilizer and growth regulator, the Gotovsky variety demonstrated - 10.6 thousand kg*days/ha, the Fargus variety – 10.0 thousand kg*days/ha.","PeriodicalId":166753,"journal":{"name":"Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132985952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-11
L. Shynkaruk, V. Lykhochvor, V.S. Vahnyak
The current state of corn production in the world and its importance as one of the main export crops for Ukraine has been studied. The influence of fungicides on the development of major diseases of corn by stages of development has been shown: 12 leaves, flowering phase, phase of wax ripeness of grain. Four times the application of fungicides allowed to reduce the percentage of plants affected by spotting by 15,2-15,3% relative to the control in the phase of wax ripeness of the grain. The percentage of plants affected by rust was 20,2 in the version with three treatments. Four times the use of fungicides allowed to stop the development of fusarium head blight at the level of 12,9%, against 26,3% in the control variant. Starting with double spraying with drugs, the percentage of affected plants was not more than 21,5%. Data on the effect of fungicide application on maize yield depending on the time and frequency of plant treatments are presented. The influence of fungicides on the development of major diseases of corn by stages of development has been shown. With increasing frequency of spraying received a higher yield. One-time application of fungicides allowed to obtain 0,5-1,04 t / ha of grain more than the control, double – 1,35-2,04 t / ha. The highest yield increase of +3.4 t/ha has provided the option with four applications of fungicides in the phases of 10 leaves + ejection of panicles + after flowering + grain filling. In the variant with three treatments (ejection of panicles + after flowering + grain filling) +3.13 t/ha and +2,69 t/ha to control has been received depending on the terms of application. Variants with later dates of fungicide application provided a higher increase in corn grain yield compared to earlier dates (10 leaves). It was investigated that the content of mycotoxins (fumonisin B1, T-2 toxin, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol - DON) in corn grain does not exceed the limits in any of the variants and decreases with multiplicity increase of fungicide treatments.
对世界玉米生产现状及其作为乌克兰主要出口作物之一的重要性进行了研究。以12叶、开花期、籽粒蜡熟期为不同发育阶段，研究了杀菌剂对玉米主要病害发生的影响。在籽粒蜡熟期，施用四倍的杀菌剂可使受斑点病影响的植株百分率比对照降低15.2 - 15.3%。3个处理的植株锈病率为20.2%。使用四倍的杀菌剂可使枯萎病的发展达到12.9%，而对照变种为26.3%。从药物双喷开始，受影响植株的比例不超过21.5%。本文介绍了施用杀菌剂对玉米产量影响的数据，这些影响取决于植株处理的时间和频率。阐明了不同发育阶段杀菌剂对玉米主要病害发生的影响。随着喷施频率的增加，获得了较高的产量。一次性施用杀菌剂可比对照多获得0、5-1、04 t /公顷的籽粒，双倍施用1、35-2、04 t /公顷。最高增产+3.4 t/ hm2，提供了在10叶期+拔穗期+花期+灌浆期4次施用杀菌剂的选择。在三个处理(穗顶+开花后+灌浆)的变异中，根据不同的施用条件，得到了+3.13 t/ha和+ 2.69 t/ha的控制产量。与较早(10叶)施用杀菌剂的品种相比，施用日期较晚的品种提供了更高的玉米产量增长。结果表明，玉米籽粒真菌毒素(伏马菌素B1、T-2毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌醇- DON)含量均未超标，且随杀菌剂处理次数的增加而降低。
{"title":"YIELD OF CORN DEPENDING ON THE TERMS AND MULTIPLICITY \u0000OF FUNGICIDES APPLICATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE","authors":"L. Shynkaruk, V. Lykhochvor, V.S. Vahnyak","doi":"10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-11","url":null,"abstract":"The current state of corn production in the world and its importance as one of the main export crops for Ukraine has been studied. The influence of fungicides on the development of major diseases of corn by stages of development has been shown: 12 leaves, flowering phase, phase of wax ripeness of grain. Four times the application of fungicides allowed to reduce the percentage of plants affected by spotting by 15,2-15,3% relative to the control in the phase of wax ripeness of the grain. The percentage of plants affected by rust was 20,2 in the version with three treatments. Four times the use of fungicides allowed to stop the development of fusarium head blight at the level of 12,9%, against 26,3% in the control variant. Starting with double spraying with drugs, the percentage of affected plants was not more than 21,5%. Data on the effect of fungicide application on maize yield depending on the time and frequency of plant treatments are presented. The influence of fungicides on the development of major diseases of corn by stages of development has been shown. With increasing frequency of spraying received a higher yield. One-time application of fungicides allowed to obtain 0,5-1,04 t / ha of grain more than the control, double – 1,35-2,04 t / ha. The highest yield increase of +3.4 t/ha has provided the option with four applications of fungicides in the phases of 10 leaves + ejection of panicles + after flowering + grain filling. In the variant with three treatments (ejection of panicles + after flowering + grain filling) +3.13 t/ha and +2,69 t/ha to control has been received depending on the terms of application. Variants with later dates of fungicide application provided a higher increase in corn grain yield compared to earlier dates (10 leaves). It was investigated that the content of mycotoxins (fumonisin B1, T-2 toxin, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol - DON) in corn grain does not exceed the limits in any of the variants and decreases with multiplicity increase of fungicide treatments.","PeriodicalId":166753,"journal":{"name":"Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116739431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-1
N. Asanishvili, N. Buslaieva, S.L. Shliakhturova
The article presents the results of research on the optimization of the supply of maize plants with the main nutrients under different agrochemical loads in the Forest-Steppe. The aim of the research was to establish the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers and by-products of the predecessor as fertilizers on the supply of plants with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and corn yield. The research was carried out during 2016-2019 on dark gray wooded soil of the Forest-Steppe with the use of field, chemical, calculation-weight and mathematical-statistical methods. It were found that long-term growing of agricultural crops for 30 years under different agrochemical loading in crop rotation on dark gray wooded soil of the Forest-Steppe led to the creation of different agrochemical backgrounds. According to the results of soil and plant diagnostics, it has been established that nitrogen is the limiting nutrient for growing corn. In the variants with application of increased (N180P120K180) and high (N240P120K240) norms of mineral fertilizers against the background of by-products of the predecessor (winter wheat straw), where the highest yield of corn is formed - 11.21-12.10 t / ha, mobile phosphorus content 20 cm layer of soil was very high, mobile potassium - high, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen - very low. In these variants, maize plants in stages BBCH 16, 19 and 65 accumulated the optimal amount of nitrogen, and the content of phosphorus and potassium showed optimal and high supply during the growing season for the application of mineral fertilizers in the norms above N60P45K60.According to the results of correlation and regression analysis, the decisive role of nitrogen and potassium in the formation of corn productivity was confirmed. Mathematical models have been constructed that make it possible to predict the level of maize yield depending on the content of chemical elements in the soil and plants at the early stages of BBCH development.
本文介绍了森林草原不同农化负荷下玉米植株主要养分供给优化的研究结果。研究的目的是确定不同剂量的矿物肥及其副产品作为肥料对植物氮、磷、钾供应和玉米产量的影响。2016-2019年，采用田间、化学、计算权重和数理统计等方法，对森林草原深灰色木质土进行了研究。研究发现，在森林草原深灰色木林土壤上，作物轮作30年不同农化负荷下的长期生长导致不同农化背景的形成。根据土壤和植物诊断结果，已经确定氮是玉米生长的限制性养分。在施矿质肥料量增加(N180P120K180)和高(N240P120K240)的变异株中，玉米产量最高，为11.21 ~ 12.10 t / hm2, 20 cm土层的流动磷含量很高，流动钾含量很高，易水解氮含量很低。在这些变异中，在N60P45K60以上规格下，BBCH 16、19和65期玉米植株的氮素积累量最优，磷、钾含量在生长季表现出最优和较高的供应。根据相关分析和回归分析结果，证实了氮、钾在玉米生产力形成中的决定性作用。已经建立了数学模型，可以根据土壤和植物中化学元素的含量来预测BBCH发育早期的玉米产量水平。
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF AGROCHEMICAL LOAD ON PLANT SUPPLY OF FOOD ELEMENTS AND YIELD OF MAIZE IN THE FOREST-STEPPE","authors":"N. Asanishvili, N. Buslaieva, S.L. Shliakhturova","doi":"10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2020-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of research on the optimization of the supply of maize plants with the main nutrients under different agrochemical loads in the Forest-Steppe. The aim of the research was to establish the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers and by-products of the predecessor as fertilizers on the supply of plants with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and corn yield. The research was carried out during 2016-2019 on dark gray wooded soil of the Forest-Steppe with the use of field, chemical, calculation-weight and mathematical-statistical methods. It were found that long-term growing of agricultural crops for 30 years under different agrochemical loading in crop rotation on dark gray wooded soil of the Forest-Steppe led to the creation of different agrochemical backgrounds. According to the results of soil and plant diagnostics, it has been established that nitrogen is the limiting nutrient for growing corn. In the variants with application of increased (N180P120K180) and high (N240P120K240) norms of mineral fertilizers against the background of by-products of the predecessor (winter wheat straw), where the highest yield of corn is formed - 11.21-12.10 t / ha, mobile phosphorus content 20 cm layer of soil was very high, mobile potassium - high, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen - very low. In these variants, maize plants in stages BBCH 16, 19 and 65 accumulated the optimal amount of nitrogen, and the content of phosphorus and potassium showed optimal and high supply during the growing season for the application of mineral fertilizers in the norms above N60P45K60.According to the results of correlation and regression analysis, the decisive role of nitrogen and potassium in the formation of corn productivity was confirmed. Mathematical models have been constructed that make it possible to predict the level of maize yield depending on the content of chemical elements in the soil and plants at the early stages of BBCH development.","PeriodicalId":166753,"journal":{"name":"Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics","volume":"22 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133391757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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