Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.51
Qi Gao, Xiaoyu Xing
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of chatbot characteristics on customer satisfaction and reuse intention. Design/Methodology/Approach – The study collected data from 259 customers with experience using chatbots on online shopping malls. Statistical programs SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 26.0 were used for data analysis in this study. The empirical analysis consisted of frequency analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and hypothesis testing, in that respective order. Findings – The results showed that chatbot characteristics (empathy, intimacy, accuracy, ease of use, social presence) and the relationship between customer satisfaction had a positive effect, and customer satisfaction had a positive effect on chatbot reuse intention. In addition, hedonic motivation showed a moderating effect on the relationship between accuracy, ease of use, and customer satisfaction, and utilitarian motivation showed a moderating effect on the relationship between accuracy and customer satisfaction. Research Implications – This paper divided the characteristics of chatbots into empathy, intimacy, accuracy, ease of use, and social presence, which provides a theoretical framework for future research on chatbots, and has certain reference value. The importance of consumer psychological variables is confirmed by analyzing hedonic motivation and utilitarian motivation as moderating variables. In addition, the results of this study are of great significance to the application and improvement of chatbots utilized by online shopping mall companies. In the online shopping mall environment, retailers can use chatbots as a communication supplementary strategy to participate in customer service and improve the efficiency of the customer shopping experience.
{"title":"Study on the Impact of Chatbot Characteristics of Online Shopping Mall on Customer Satisfaction and Reuse Intention in China: Hedonic Motivation and Utilitarian Motivation as Moderating Variables","authors":"Qi Gao, Xiaoyu Xing","doi":"10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.51","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of chatbot characteristics on customer satisfaction and reuse intention. Design/Methodology/Approach – The study collected data from 259 customers with experience using chatbots on online shopping malls. Statistical programs SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 26.0 were used for data analysis in this study. The empirical analysis consisted of frequency analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and hypothesis testing, in that respective order. Findings – The results showed that chatbot characteristics (empathy, intimacy, accuracy, ease of use, social presence) and the relationship between customer satisfaction had a positive effect, and customer satisfaction had a positive effect on chatbot reuse intention. In addition, hedonic motivation showed a moderating effect on the relationship between accuracy, ease of use, and customer satisfaction, and utilitarian motivation showed a moderating effect on the relationship between accuracy and customer satisfaction. Research Implications – This paper divided the characteristics of chatbots into empathy, intimacy, accuracy, ease of use, and social presence, which provides a theoretical framework for future research on chatbots, and has certain reference value. The importance of consumer psychological variables is confirmed by analyzing hedonic motivation and utilitarian motivation as moderating variables. In addition, the results of this study are of great significance to the application and improvement of chatbots utilized by online shopping mall companies. In the online shopping mall environment, retailers can use chatbots as a communication supplementary strategy to participate in customer service and improve the efficiency of the customer shopping experience.","PeriodicalId":166989,"journal":{"name":"Korea International Trade Research Institute","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127952585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.103
Chunxia Zhang, H. Bang
Purpose – In a constantly turbulent industry environment, companies seeking to survive or even maintain a competitive edge should be able to adapt their capabilities to respond to opportunities and challenges wherever and whenever they arise. This study proposes a research model based on previous research and attempts to illustrate the relationship between the frequency of utilization of the three components of dynamic capabilities and innovation capability and how environmental turbulence (i.e., the market, technology, and competitors) moderates the relationship between dynamic capabilities and innovation capability. Design/Methodology/Approach – The study sample comprises 256 Chinese companies, with longitudinal data spanning three years. Partial Least Squares-structural equation models (PLS-SEM) have been conducted to empirical data analysis. Findings – The findings suggest that the frequent utilization of sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring capabilities in a highly turbulent environment may have different degrees of impact on innovation capabilities. To cope with environmental turbulence, dynamic capabilities (i.e., sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring) should be carefully managed to enable capability alignment and ultimately enhance competitive advantage. Dynamic capabilities are valuable to organizations and even contribute to their ability to be innovative. Research Implications – Advancing from existing literature, this research contributes to extend knowledge about the dynamic capabilities and innovation capability, makes it necessary for organizations to use dynamic capabilities to effectively modify their approach to innovation in stable or turbulent environments.
{"title":"How Does Dynamic Capability Adjust Chinese Firms’ Capabilities to Adapt to Environment Changes?","authors":"Chunxia Zhang, H. Bang","doi":"10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.103","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – In a constantly turbulent industry environment, companies seeking to survive or even maintain a competitive edge should be able to adapt their capabilities to respond to opportunities and challenges wherever and whenever they arise. This study proposes a research model based on previous research and attempts to illustrate the relationship between the frequency of utilization of the three components of dynamic capabilities and innovation capability and how environmental turbulence (i.e., the market, technology, and competitors) moderates the relationship between dynamic capabilities and innovation capability. Design/Methodology/Approach – The study sample comprises 256 Chinese companies, with longitudinal data spanning three years. Partial Least Squares-structural equation models (PLS-SEM) have been conducted to empirical data analysis. Findings – The findings suggest that the frequent utilization of sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring capabilities in a highly turbulent environment may have different degrees of impact on innovation capabilities. To cope with environmental turbulence, dynamic capabilities (i.e., sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring) should be carefully managed to enable capability alignment and ultimately enhance competitive advantage. Dynamic capabilities are valuable to organizations and even contribute to their ability to be innovative. Research Implications – Advancing from existing literature, this research contributes to extend knowledge about the dynamic capabilities and innovation capability, makes it necessary for organizations to use dynamic capabilities to effectively modify their approach to innovation in stable or turbulent environments.","PeriodicalId":166989,"journal":{"name":"Korea International Trade Research Institute","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121174731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.265
Jong-Kwon Kim
Purpose – The aim of this analysis is to provide implications for trade practice by analyzing FTA progress in the digital economy and trade field with IPEF through FTA improvement negotiations between Korea and the UK, and an analysis of the new trade environment. Design/Methodology/Approach – The annual export/import growth rate (year-on-year) before and after the Korea-UK FTA was concluded and forecasts for 2022 and 2023 were reviewed. This data from 2000 to 2021 are based on the Economic Statistical System of the Bank of Korea. It recorded 33.20% in 2021, the second highest growth rate since the 2000s, after recording 36.95% in 2004. It was estimated through the model of ARIMA (1, 1, 0) in the case of 2022 and 2023. After the Korea-UK FTA was concluded, it was found that the trade volume of Korea-UK combined exports and imports increased. Findings – In the future, it is expected that joint cooperation and R&D investment in high-tech and hightech industries will be more actively developed through improvement negotiations in the fields of SCM, digital economy, and trade. Research Implications – The US is currently emphasizing US production of optical fibers, semiconductors, and electric vehicles as well as key parts in relation to the global supply chain. Therefore, the Korea-UK FTA improvement negotiation and framework require joint cooperation and R&D investment in the reorganization of the US global supply chain in cutting-edge industries, including US semiconductors, science law, and inflation reduction laws.
{"title":"An Analysis of Korea-UK FTA Improvement Negotiations and the New Trade Environment","authors":"Jong-Kwon Kim","doi":"10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.265","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The aim of this analysis is to provide implications for trade practice by analyzing FTA progress in the digital economy and trade field with IPEF through FTA improvement negotiations between Korea and the UK, and an analysis of the new trade environment. Design/Methodology/Approach – The annual export/import growth rate (year-on-year) before and after the Korea-UK FTA was concluded and forecasts for 2022 and 2023 were reviewed. This data from 2000 to 2021 are based on the Economic Statistical System of the Bank of Korea. It recorded 33.20% in 2021, the second highest growth rate since the 2000s, after recording 36.95% in 2004. It was estimated through the model of ARIMA (1, 1, 0) in the case of 2022 and 2023. After the Korea-UK FTA was concluded, it was found that the trade volume of Korea-UK combined exports and imports increased. Findings – In the future, it is expected that joint cooperation and R&D investment in high-tech and hightech industries will be more actively developed through improvement negotiations in the fields of SCM, digital economy, and trade. Research Implications – The US is currently emphasizing US production of optical fibers, semiconductors, and electric vehicles as well as key parts in relation to the global supply chain. Therefore, the Korea-UK FTA improvement negotiation and framework require joint cooperation and R&D investment in the reorganization of the US global supply chain in cutting-edge industries, including US semiconductors, science law, and inflation reduction laws.","PeriodicalId":166989,"journal":{"name":"Korea International Trade Research Institute","volume":"380 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121301511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.23
Yoon-Min Kim
Purpose – The purpose of this paper the analyzing and standardizing of Sukuk utilization in non-major economies to avoid restrictions from local content rules, which are non-tariff barriers to trade. Design/Methodology/Approach – Due to Sharia (Islamic law) jargon and language barriers, it is impossible to design and analyze Islamic bond products directly according to the Quran. This author indirectly analyzed and standardized Sukuk financial products from several leading Islamic finance-related security markets. Findings – This research analyzed and standardized Sukuk utilization in non-major economies, such as Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brunei, Egypt, Gambia, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Somalia, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates. Research Implications – This research suggests policy officials and market participants set policy for the post-China market, such as The New Southern Policy and Yoon Suk-yeol administration’s new ASEAN policy.
{"title":"Importance of Sukuk (Islamic Bond) Urilization during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Yoon-Min Kim","doi":"10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.23","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this paper the analyzing and standardizing of Sukuk utilization in non-major economies to avoid restrictions from local content rules, which are non-tariff barriers to trade. Design/Methodology/Approach – Due to Sharia (Islamic law) jargon and language barriers, it is impossible to design and analyze Islamic bond products directly according to the Quran. This author indirectly analyzed and standardized Sukuk financial products from several leading Islamic finance-related security markets. Findings – This research analyzed and standardized Sukuk utilization in non-major economies, such as Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brunei, Egypt, Gambia, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Somalia, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates. Research Implications – This research suggests policy officials and market participants set policy for the post-China market, such as The New Southern Policy and Yoon Suk-yeol administration’s new ASEAN policy.","PeriodicalId":166989,"journal":{"name":"Korea International Trade Research Institute","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131477525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.387
Bong-chul Kim, Ho Kim, E. Shin
Purpose – The main purpose of this paper is to explore the national application of international law in the field of trade based on the possibilities and implications of law changes applied to trade between Korea and Europe. Design/Methodology/Approach – To analyze the possibilities and implications of law changes applied to trade between Korea and Europe, the paper focuses on the connectivity between international and national law based on literature research and legal texts. Specifically, it proposes a relationship between changes in the international community and international law on Korea-Europe trade based on the Korea- EU FTA and global challenges ahead of Korea and Europe. Findings – Since the European Union began to raise interest in Asia in the 1990s, relations between Korea and Europe have also developed rapidly. In particular, Korea and Europe have maintained close economic relations with the signing of the Korea-EU FTA in 2011, and discussions on international cooperation and the domestic application of international law have continued in the process. In this respect, the recent spread of international norms, including trade and sustainable development emphasized by the European Union, and the various global issues currently occurring, also have a significant impact on Korea-Europe relations and trade. Research Implications – The national application of international law centered on the Korea-EU FTA in establishing new cooperation between Korea and Europe in the future is likely to be revised, and new changes in the areas of a future Korea-EU FTA and international cooperation, such as well as recent global issues such as Brexit, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russia-Ukraine War.
{"title":"Possibilities and Implications of Law Changes Applied to Trade between Korea and Europe","authors":"Bong-chul Kim, Ho Kim, E. Shin","doi":"10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.387","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The main purpose of this paper is to explore the national application of international law in the field of trade based on the possibilities and implications of law changes applied to trade between Korea and Europe. Design/Methodology/Approach – To analyze the possibilities and implications of law changes applied to trade between Korea and Europe, the paper focuses on the connectivity between international and national law based on literature research and legal texts. Specifically, it proposes a relationship between changes in the international community and international law on Korea-Europe trade based on the Korea- EU FTA and global challenges ahead of Korea and Europe. Findings – Since the European Union began to raise interest in Asia in the 1990s, relations between Korea and Europe have also developed rapidly. In particular, Korea and Europe have maintained close economic relations with the signing of the Korea-EU FTA in 2011, and discussions on international cooperation and the domestic application of international law have continued in the process. In this respect, the recent spread of international norms, including trade and sustainable development emphasized by the European Union, and the various global issues currently occurring, also have a significant impact on Korea-Europe relations and trade. Research Implications – The national application of international law centered on the Korea-EU FTA in establishing new cooperation between Korea and Europe in the future is likely to be revised, and new changes in the areas of a future Korea-EU FTA and international cooperation, such as well as recent global issues such as Brexit, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russia-Ukraine War.","PeriodicalId":166989,"journal":{"name":"Korea International Trade Research Institute","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122317616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.197
Hye-Seong Seo, Yejin Joo
Purpose – This study analyzes large differences and similarities through comparison with national level business fluctuations, including differences between regions within the Dongnam metropolitan area, focusing on the impact of major domestic and international economic shocks. Design/Methodology/Approach – This study conducted econometric analysis using the Markov switching model with the monthly manufacturing production indexes of each region from 2000 to 2020 as data. Findings – The characteristics of Dongnam metropolitan area, distinguished from other regions nationwide, are as follows. First, the regions’s manufacturing focuses on the heavy chemical industry and did not shrink, even during the 7th cyclical recession caused by the global IT bubble bursting. Second, the manufacturing sector in the Dongnam metropolitan area continued a downward trend, even during the 11th cyclical expansion. However, economic impact was found to have varied in size by region. Our analysis results show that Busan was more affected by internal and external impacts than Ulsan and Gyeongnam, showing slower recovery. Ulsan was shown to have much higher manufacturing resilience than other regions, despite several internal and external economic impacts. Finally, Gyeongnam showed several recession phases in 2008 and after 2016, but the duration was found to have been much shorter than in Busan. Research Implications – The impact and characteristics of business cycles caused by external shocks were found to have varied by region. The results imply that regionally specialized industrial support measures are required together with economic stabilization policies at the national level. It was also found that separate measures at the regional level need to be implemented in connection with governmental support measures for regional manufacturing industries.
{"title":"Do External Impacts Cause Differences between Regional and National Business Cycles?: Focusing on the Dongnam Metropolitan Area","authors":"Hye-Seong Seo, Yejin Joo","doi":"10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.197","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – This study analyzes large differences and similarities through comparison with national level business fluctuations, including differences between regions within the Dongnam metropolitan area, focusing on the impact of major domestic and international economic shocks. Design/Methodology/Approach – This study conducted econometric analysis using the Markov switching model with the monthly manufacturing production indexes of each region from 2000 to 2020 as data. Findings – The characteristics of Dongnam metropolitan area, distinguished from other regions nationwide, are as follows. First, the regions’s manufacturing focuses on the heavy chemical industry and did not shrink, even during the 7th cyclical recession caused by the global IT bubble bursting. Second, the manufacturing sector in the Dongnam metropolitan area continued a downward trend, even during the 11th cyclical expansion. However, economic impact was found to have varied in size by region. Our analysis results show that Busan was more affected by internal and external impacts than Ulsan and Gyeongnam, showing slower recovery. Ulsan was shown to have much higher manufacturing resilience than other regions, despite several internal and external economic impacts. Finally, Gyeongnam showed several recession phases in 2008 and after 2016, but the duration was found to have been much shorter than in Busan. Research Implications – The impact and characteristics of business cycles caused by external shocks were found to have varied by region. The results imply that regionally specialized industrial support measures are required together with economic stabilization policies at the national level. It was also found that separate measures at the regional level need to be implemented in connection with governmental support measures for regional manufacturing industries.","PeriodicalId":166989,"journal":{"name":"Korea International Trade Research Institute","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133610713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.369
Byungjin Yim
Purpose – This study is an empirical study on the relationship among export volume and import volume, with BTS internet search trends indexed. Design/Methodology/Approach – In this study, we used 111 monthly data sets on BTS internet search trends, the export volume, and the import volume from April 30, 2013 to Jun 30, 2022. We try to analyze the mutual influence and causality among BTS internet search trends, the export volume, and the import volume. We seek to analyze the extent of any cross-influence. We employ a variance decomposition function based on a VAR model, as well as impulse response after a cointegration test and unit root test. Findings – The important results of this study are summarized as follows. First, there is at least one cointegration among the first differential data of BTS internet search trends, export volume, and import volume. Secondly, import volume does have Granger causality with BTS internet search trends. The export and import volume show Granger causality. BTS internet search trends and the export volume have Granger causality with BTS internet search trends and export volume. Research Implications – This study differs in that it uses BTS internet search trends and the Korean wave. It has limitations in that the study period is short and the study sample is limited.
{"title":"A Study on the Interrelationship Among Import Volume, Export Volume and the Effects of Korean Wave: Focusing on BTS","authors":"Byungjin Yim","doi":"10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.369","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – This study is an empirical study on the relationship among export volume and import volume, with BTS internet search trends indexed. Design/Methodology/Approach – In this study, we used 111 monthly data sets on BTS internet search trends, the export volume, and the import volume from April 30, 2013 to Jun 30, 2022. We try to analyze the mutual influence and causality among BTS internet search trends, the export volume, and the import volume. We seek to analyze the extent of any cross-influence. We employ a variance decomposition function based on a VAR model, as well as impulse response after a cointegration test and unit root test. Findings – The important results of this study are summarized as follows. First, there is at least one cointegration among the first differential data of BTS internet search trends, export volume, and import volume. Secondly, import volume does have Granger causality with BTS internet search trends. The export and import volume show Granger causality. BTS internet search trends and the export volume have Granger causality with BTS internet search trends and export volume. Research Implications – This study differs in that it uses BTS internet search trends and the Korean wave. It has limitations in that the study period is short and the study sample is limited.","PeriodicalId":166989,"journal":{"name":"Korea International Trade Research Institute","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115128974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.413
Chul-jae Choi
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of luxury brand experience dimensions, such as sensory, affective, behavioral, and intellectual, on brand image and brand love. It also seeks to identify the causal role of brand image and brand love. Design/Methodology/Approach – In this study, SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 statistical packages were used for empirical analysis. Model fit and hypotheses were tested by SEM. Findings – Sensory experience influenced brand image, brand love, and emotional experience, which affects intellectual experiences, influenced brand image and brand love. Brand image also influenced brand love and brand loyalty, and brand love influenced brand loyalty. Brand love was partially intermediated by the relationship between brand image and loyalty. Research Implications – Marketing managers of luxury brands should encourage customers to experience brands through sensory institutions, strengthen brand image, and help customers feel special and favorable feelings about the brand. In addition, by providing accurate information on luxury brands to stimulate intellectual curiosity and imagination, it is necessary to implement a brand strategy that induces strong attachment to the brand, and strengthens brand love.
{"title":"The Effects of Brand Experience on Brand Loyalty in Luxury Brand Purchase Settings: Causal Roles of Brand Image and Brand Love","authors":"Chul-jae Choi","doi":"10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.413","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of luxury brand experience dimensions, such as sensory, affective, behavioral, and intellectual, on brand image and brand love. It also seeks to identify the causal role of brand image and brand love. Design/Methodology/Approach – In this study, SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 statistical packages were used for empirical analysis. Model fit and hypotheses were tested by SEM. Findings – Sensory experience influenced brand image, brand love, and emotional experience, which affects intellectual experiences, influenced brand image and brand love. Brand image also influenced brand love and brand loyalty, and brand love influenced brand loyalty. Brand love was partially intermediated by the relationship between brand image and loyalty. Research Implications – Marketing managers of luxury brands should encourage customers to experience brands through sensory institutions, strengthen brand image, and help customers feel special and favorable feelings about the brand. In addition, by providing accurate information on luxury brands to stimulate intellectual curiosity and imagination, it is necessary to implement a brand strategy that induces strong attachment to the brand, and strengthens brand love.","PeriodicalId":166989,"journal":{"name":"Korea International Trade Research Institute","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129563993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.69
Sun-Ki Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee
Purpose – This study examined how service providers effectively respond to consumer complaints in an online shopping environment by applying the fairness theory including distributive, procedural, and interactional fairness. Design/Methodology/Approach – Empirical research was conducted using three independent variables related to a sense of fairness perceived by the customers to test the relationships between the independent variables and customer empathy and trust. University students residing in dormitories in Seoul were surveyed. Findings – After collecting surveys from 200 university students in Seoul, South Korea, it was observed that the perceived sense of distributive, procedural, and interactional fairness positively contributed to customer empathy and trust. Research Implications – In the writing of this paper, this study has significance in indicating that in the case of disputes in an online shopping environment, customer representatives must respond to customer demands in a fair, timely, and professional manner to successfully connect with consumers and have their loyalty retained.
{"title":"A Study on the Effect of Seller Fairness on Customer Empathy and Trust in Online Shopping Focusing on the MZ Generation","authors":"Sun-Ki Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee","doi":"10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.69","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – This study examined how service providers effectively respond to consumer complaints in an online shopping environment by applying the fairness theory including distributive, procedural, and interactional fairness. Design/Methodology/Approach – Empirical research was conducted using three independent variables related to a sense of fairness perceived by the customers to test the relationships between the independent variables and customer empathy and trust. University students residing in dormitories in Seoul were surveyed. Findings – After collecting surveys from 200 university students in Seoul, South Korea, it was observed that the perceived sense of distributive, procedural, and interactional fairness positively contributed to customer empathy and trust. Research Implications – In the writing of this paper, this study has significance in indicating that in the case of disputes in an online shopping environment, customer representatives must respond to customer demands in a fair, timely, and professional manner to successfully connect with consumers and have their loyalty retained.","PeriodicalId":166989,"journal":{"name":"Korea International Trade Research Institute","volume":"256 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133765698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.211
H. Yoon
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify, explore, and provide the underlying mechanisms for an individual’s trait dominance leading to a high social standing within a group. Design/Methodology/Approach – Based on status characteristics theory, implicit theories, and social exchange theory, this study posits that informal leadership is the main mediator in the relationship between trait dominance and social rank enhancement. This study also argues that the relationship between trait dominance and perceived informal leadership diminishes when trait dominance is not accompanied by a corresponding level of competence. It also argues that the positive association between trait dominance and perceived informal leadership is amplified when the group feels a sense of urgency. Using a survey-based study with 270 employee–peer pairs, this study tested hypotheses using a series of hierarchical regressions. Findings – This paper studies and empirically finds the indirect mediating effect of informal leadership connecting trait dominance to social rank. Moreover, the moderating effect of sense of urgency is found as statistically significant. That is, when group members perceive that the group encounters uncertain or even risky situations, they appreciate the value of trait dominance possessed by informal leaders. Research Implications – In the management of this paper, this study sheds light on the inconsistent effects of dominance on social rank by providing an alternative pathway. The current theoretical and empirical research framework emphasizes that individuals with trait dominance are perceived to be leadership material regardless of their official title as they possess and convey various leadership-signaling cues.
{"title":"Effects of Trait Dominance on Social Rank Achievement in the Workplace","authors":"H. Yoon","doi":"10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.1.202302.211","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify, explore, and provide the underlying mechanisms for an individual’s trait dominance leading to a high social standing within a group. Design/Methodology/Approach – Based on status characteristics theory, implicit theories, and social exchange theory, this study posits that informal leadership is the main mediator in the relationship between trait dominance and social rank enhancement. This study also argues that the relationship between trait dominance and perceived informal leadership diminishes when trait dominance is not accompanied by a corresponding level of competence. It also argues that the positive association between trait dominance and perceived informal leadership is amplified when the group feels a sense of urgency. Using a survey-based study with 270 employee–peer pairs, this study tested hypotheses using a series of hierarchical regressions. Findings – This paper studies and empirically finds the indirect mediating effect of informal leadership connecting trait dominance to social rank. Moreover, the moderating effect of sense of urgency is found as statistically significant. That is, when group members perceive that the group encounters uncertain or even risky situations, they appreciate the value of trait dominance possessed by informal leaders. Research Implications – In the management of this paper, this study sheds light on the inconsistent effects of dominance on social rank by providing an alternative pathway. The current theoretical and empirical research framework emphasizes that individuals with trait dominance are perceived to be leadership material regardless of their official title as they possess and convey various leadership-signaling cues.","PeriodicalId":166989,"journal":{"name":"Korea International Trade Research Institute","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127323499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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