Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0419.1000191
D. SaiAravind, N. Varshitha, G. Ramesh, P. Srinivasababu
Placenta percreta is a serious pregnancy condition that occurs when blood vessels and other parts of the placenta grow the deeply into the uterine wall. Placenta percreta is a rare but a life-threatening condition. Control of massive haemorrhage is the first priority; however, the patient's desire for future fertility has to be taken into consideration. Here we present a case where we had to do a quick subtotal hysterectomy because of torrential bleed due to placenta percreta with severe abdominal pain.
{"title":"A Case Study on Placenta Percreta","authors":"D. SaiAravind, N. Varshitha, G. Ramesh, P. Srinivasababu","doi":"10.4172/2376-0419.1000191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000191","url":null,"abstract":"Placenta percreta is a serious pregnancy condition that occurs when blood vessels and other parts of the placenta grow the deeply into the uterine wall. Placenta percreta is a rare but a life-threatening condition. Control of massive haemorrhage is the first priority; however, the patient's desire for future fertility has to be taken into consideration. Here we present a case where we had to do a quick subtotal hysterectomy because of torrential bleed due to placenta percreta with severe abdominal pain.","PeriodicalId":16700,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76652156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0419.1000193
Kavya Hb
Recently India has developing in many aspects such as monitoring and reporting of adverse drug reaction. Pharmacovigilance programme introduced in India for better pharmaceutical care to improve patient safety. Creating awareness is crucial to enhance for better clinical practice. Numerous of the adverse drug reactions were reported like Metformin, Olanzapine etc. Healthcare professionals, other healthcare professionals and nonhealthcare professionals are attentively participating in monitoring and reporting of ADRs via enhancing rational use of medications and genuine treatment pattern. These consequences decrease the failure of treatment and progress in the medication adherence.
{"title":"Recent Development of Pharmacovigilance System in India","authors":"Kavya Hb","doi":"10.4172/2376-0419.1000193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000193","url":null,"abstract":"Recently India has developing in many aspects such as monitoring and reporting of adverse drug reaction. Pharmacovigilance programme introduced in India for better pharmaceutical care to improve patient safety. Creating awareness is crucial to enhance for better clinical practice. Numerous of the adverse drug reactions were reported like Metformin, Olanzapine etc. Healthcare professionals, other healthcare professionals and nonhealthcare professionals are attentively participating in monitoring and reporting of ADRs via enhancing rational use of medications and genuine treatment pattern. These consequences decrease the failure of treatment and progress in the medication adherence.","PeriodicalId":16700,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems","volume":"104 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73408989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0419.1000192
H. Fomundam, A. Maranga, W. Jassat, N. Njeka
Introduction: A Rational Medication Use Review was conducted in health facilities in five high burden provinces (KwaZulu Natal, Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Gauteng and North West) that account for 77% of MDR-TB cases and 92% of XDR-TB in South Africa. Methodology: A purposive sampling of health facilities was done and stratified to represent different models of DR-TB service providers including centralized sites, decentralized sites, and satellite sites. Records for review were selected randomly among patients who initiated treatment between October 2011 and December 2012 and descriptive analysis conducted. Results: The review involved 139 patients (76.3% MDR-TB and 17.3% XDR-TB). 76.3% of them had a pretreatment DST and this was used for regimen selection. Renal function monitoring for dose adjustment was poor although baseline serum creatinine values were available on record for 69.1% of the patients. There was a high degree of missed doses with 66.7% of the patients having at least one missed dose. Co-morbid conditions were common with 66.2%, 13.0% and 5.8% of the patents with HIV, hypertension and seizure disorders respectively. Only 30.2% of the MDR-TB patents and 50% of the XDR-TB patients had been assessed for adverse drug reactions during the intensive phase although 125 episodes of ADRs were on record. Serum creatinine monitoring was not consistent (only 22.3% of patients had monthly values) although 16.1% of the patients had levels that would have required dose adjustments that were not done. Conclusion: There are many factors related to the patient, drug therapy, health care providers, and the health system that may adversely influence DR-TB treatment outcomes and patient safety. These can be detected early through regular rational medication use review and institutionalization of the process. This however requires a multidisciplinary approach with involvement of levels of the health system and various institutions involved TB in medication use.
{"title":"Strengthening the Delivery and Improving Outcomes of Drug-Resistant TB Treatment through Rational Medication Use Review","authors":"H. Fomundam, A. Maranga, W. Jassat, N. Njeka","doi":"10.4172/2376-0419.1000192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000192","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A Rational Medication Use Review was conducted in health facilities in five high burden provinces (KwaZulu Natal, Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Gauteng and North West) that account for 77% of MDR-TB cases and 92% of XDR-TB in South Africa. Methodology: A purposive sampling of health facilities was done and stratified to represent different models of DR-TB service providers including centralized sites, decentralized sites, and satellite sites. Records for review were selected randomly among patients who initiated treatment between October 2011 and December 2012 and descriptive analysis conducted. Results: The review involved 139 patients (76.3% MDR-TB and 17.3% XDR-TB). 76.3% of them had a pretreatment DST and this was used for regimen selection. Renal function monitoring for dose adjustment was poor although baseline serum creatinine values were available on record for 69.1% of the patients. There was a high degree of missed doses with 66.7% of the patients having at least one missed dose. Co-morbid conditions were common with 66.2%, 13.0% and 5.8% of the patents with HIV, hypertension and seizure disorders respectively. Only 30.2% of the MDR-TB patents and 50% of the XDR-TB patients had been assessed for adverse drug reactions during the intensive phase although 125 episodes of ADRs were on record. Serum creatinine monitoring was not consistent (only 22.3% of patients had monthly values) although 16.1% of the patients had levels that would have required dose adjustments that were not done. Conclusion: There are many factors related to the patient, drug therapy, health care providers, and the health system that may adversely influence DR-TB treatment outcomes and patient safety. These can be detected early through regular rational medication use review and institutionalization of the process. This however requires a multidisciplinary approach with involvement of levels of the health system and various institutions involved TB in medication use.","PeriodicalId":16700,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems","volume":"151 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83306439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0419.1000198
A. Sharma, Nikhil Joshi, Ashish Baldi, Deepika Sharma
It is more prevalent in developing countries where health allowance is less and 30-40% of the total health allowance is spent on medicines [3,4]. World Health Organization (WHO) has formulated a set of core drug use indicators, which measure the performance of prescribers, patients experience at health facilities and whether the health personnel can function effectively. The assessment of drug use indicators according to WHO guidelines on how to investigate drug use in health facilities are prescribing indicators, patient care indicators, facility indicators and complementary indicators [3].
{"title":"Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Drug Related Problems of Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department: General Linear Model and Factorial Analysis","authors":"A. Sharma, Nikhil Joshi, Ashish Baldi, Deepika Sharma","doi":"10.4172/2376-0419.1000198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000198","url":null,"abstract":"It is more prevalent in developing countries where health allowance is less and 30-40% of the total health allowance is spent on medicines [3,4]. World Health Organization (WHO) has formulated a set of core drug use indicators, which measure the performance of prescribers, patients experience at health facilities and whether the health personnel can function effectively. The assessment of drug use indicators according to WHO guidelines on how to investigate drug use in health facilities are prescribing indicators, patient care indicators, facility indicators and complementary indicators [3].","PeriodicalId":16700,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80930041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0419.1000189
Fujii H, Yukawa K, Sato H
Objectives: Earlier studies have revealed that modification of lifestyle habits from the aspects of nutrition and exercise is the most effective measure to control metabolic syndrome, and this finding may be reflected in the number of registered clinical trials. This paper aims to test this assumption and conduct exploratory analysis of the recent trends in clinical trials related to obesity.Design and methods: Of the clinical trial data registered with the International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (ICTRP), we used 1,478 data sets of obese patients for analysis (available as of August 2016). This study is exploratory analysis, aiming to test some hypotheses and identify the overall tendency. The target hypotheses are as follows. Among clinical trials targeting obese patients, the number of those intended to verify the effect of lifestyle modification has been increasing year by year.Results: The percentage of clinical trials targeting obesity has been increasing year by year. We clearly found that the number of clinical trials using lifestyle intervention has been increasing (p<0.05). We conducted a chisquared test to examine whether there is any difference in terms of interventions among countries, and found that while clinical trials targeting obese patients were relatively more frequently conducted in the United States, France, and the Netherlands, these clinical trials were relatively less frequent in Japan, China, India, and Australia/New Zealand. The coefficient of correlation between the ratio of people with BMI 25 or higher and the percentage of clinical trials targeting obese patients is 0.55, suggesting a moderate correlation.Conclusion: In this study, we found that clinical trials conducted targeting obesity have led to the accumulation on a yearly basis of study results showing that lifestyle modification is the most effective way to control obesity, and that these clinical trials have been relatively more frequently conducted than other clinical trials. In the future, once a more effective method is discovered, it will be more frequently used in other clinical trials as well. According to the analysis results by country, we found that countries where obesity exists as a more serious health problem tend to conduct more clinical trials targeting obesity.
{"title":"Transition of Intervention of Clinical Trials for Obesity","authors":"Fujii H, Yukawa K, Sato H","doi":"10.4172/2376-0419.1000189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000189","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Earlier studies have revealed that modification of lifestyle habits from the aspects of nutrition and exercise is the most effective measure to control metabolic syndrome, and this finding may be reflected in the number of registered clinical trials. This paper aims to test this assumption and conduct exploratory analysis of the recent trends in clinical trials related to obesity.Design and methods: Of the clinical trial data registered with the International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (ICTRP), we used 1,478 data sets of obese patients for analysis (available as of August 2016). This study is exploratory analysis, aiming to test some hypotheses and identify the overall tendency. The target hypotheses are as follows. Among clinical trials targeting obese patients, the number of those intended to verify the effect of lifestyle modification has been increasing year by year.Results: The percentage of clinical trials targeting obesity has been increasing year by year. We clearly found that the number of clinical trials using lifestyle intervention has been increasing (p<0.05). We conducted a chisquared test to examine whether there is any difference in terms of interventions among countries, and found that while clinical trials targeting obese patients were relatively more frequently conducted in the United States, France, and the Netherlands, these clinical trials were relatively less frequent in Japan, China, India, and Australia/New Zealand. The coefficient of correlation between the ratio of people with BMI 25 or higher and the percentage of clinical trials targeting obese patients is 0.55, suggesting a moderate correlation.Conclusion: In this study, we found that clinical trials conducted targeting obesity have led to the accumulation on a yearly basis of study results showing that lifestyle modification is the most effective way to control obesity, and that these clinical trials have been relatively more frequently conducted than other clinical trials. In the future, once a more effective method is discovered, it will be more frequently used in other clinical trials as well. According to the analysis results by country, we found that countries where obesity exists as a more serious health problem tend to conduct more clinical trials targeting obesity.","PeriodicalId":16700,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87524815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0419.1000190
S. Touzouirt, Z. Ta, M. Nabiev, A. Hadjsadok
The ability of solid particles to adhere to soft deformable interfaces, for example to the surface of emulsion droplets or bubbles, is currently the subject of renewed interest in material science. On the other hand, Clay minerals are among the most widely used materials in pharmaceutical formulation, because of their properties as excipients and/or their biological activities. These features depend on both their colloidal dimensions and high surface. The phenomenon that solid particles can reside at the interface of droplets, thereby providing them with resistance against coalescence or Ostwald ripening, is known as Pickering stabilization. In this study Algerian bentonite clay is used for this purpose. An evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the emulsion after incorporation of the essential oil of Thymus fontanesii (local plant) also showed a fairly good encapsulation ability.
{"title":"Formulation and Characterization of a Pharmaceutical Pickering Emulsion","authors":"S. Touzouirt, Z. Ta, M. Nabiev, A. Hadjsadok","doi":"10.4172/2376-0419.1000190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000190","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of solid particles to adhere to soft deformable interfaces, for example to the surface of emulsion droplets or bubbles, is currently the subject of renewed interest in material science. On the other hand, Clay minerals are among the most widely used materials in pharmaceutical formulation, because of their properties as excipients and/or their biological activities. These features depend on both their colloidal dimensions and high surface. The phenomenon that solid particles can reside at the interface of droplets, thereby providing them with resistance against coalescence or Ostwald ripening, is known as Pickering stabilization. In this study Algerian bentonite clay is used for this purpose. An evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the emulsion after incorporation of the essential oil of Thymus fontanesii (local plant) also showed a fairly good encapsulation ability.","PeriodicalId":16700,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems","volume":"550 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82047589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0419.1000195
Babafunso A. Adenuga, D. Kibuule, Kayode D. S. Bamitale
{"title":"An Interrupted Time Series Analysis of the Second line Antiretroviral Policy Change from Lopinavir Boosted with Ritonavir to Atazanavir Boosted with Ritonavir Based Regimens in Namibia","authors":"Babafunso A. Adenuga, D. Kibuule, Kayode D. S. Bamitale","doi":"10.4172/2376-0419.1000195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000195","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16700,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78206052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0419.1000197
Subrahmanyam Sn, Raju Gv, Lakshmi Dt, Kumar Gv
{"title":"An Epidemiological Survey Conducted on Prevalence and Incidence of Different Types of Cancers in Radiotherapy Department, Government General Hospital, Andhra Pradesh: A Prospective Observational Study","authors":"Subrahmanyam Sn, Raju Gv, Lakshmi Dt, Kumar Gv","doi":"10.4172/2376-0419.1000197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000197","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16700,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72761725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0419.1000E107
Fadi M. Alkhateeb, Lisa H. Albers
California Senate Bill 493, for instance, authorizes pharmacists to administer vaccinations, provide patient assessments, order and interpret lab tests related to drug therapies, provide medication therapy management, and prescribe various medications [1]. This bill also authorizes the California State Board of Pharmacy to recognize advanced practice pharmacists to perform additional duties [1]. At the federal level, a bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act, in which pharmacists would be granted provider status under the Medicare program, has received additional cosponsors and is gaining ground [2].
{"title":"As Provider Status Looms, will PharmD Programs Lag Behind Regulation?","authors":"Fadi M. Alkhateeb, Lisa H. Albers","doi":"10.4172/2376-0419.1000E107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000E107","url":null,"abstract":"California Senate Bill 493, for instance, authorizes pharmacists to administer vaccinations, provide patient assessments, order and interpret lab tests related to drug therapies, provide medication therapy management, and prescribe various medications [1]. This bill also authorizes the California State Board of Pharmacy to recognize advanced practice pharmacists to perform additional duties [1]. At the federal level, a bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act, in which pharmacists would be granted provider status under the Medicare program, has received additional cosponsors and is gaining ground [2].","PeriodicalId":16700,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82373550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0419.1000194
Noreen F, Tamoor M, Adil M, Mushtaq U, Nisa Q
Plants are vast natural sources significant organic and inorganic ethnomedicinal metabolic components that are free from side effects and are being used as probes and remedious agents since ancient times for local remedies. This paper documents the randomly sampled data of roots, leaves, seeds as well as whole plants of 31 ethnomedicinal plants of almost 21 families majorly Apiaceae, Fabaceae, Moraceae, Solanaceae and Rhamnaceae family used by local medicine men by conducting their unstructured interviews including open ended questions relevant to flora of Wazirabad, District Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan. This random sampling of different families of plants in particular climatic conditions can attract the phytochemists towards this area for opening scientific mysteries of this flora. The people of the Wazirabad have also been interviewed regarding effectiveness of remedious properties of these plants that have been using them from long time which revealed their prolonged dependence upon these local plants for their prime health problems. The confidence on medicine based over these plants is associated with their traditional beliefs.
{"title":"Data of Ethnomedicinal Plants in Wazirabad, District Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Noreen F, Tamoor M, Adil M, Mushtaq U, Nisa Q","doi":"10.4172/2376-0419.1000194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000194","url":null,"abstract":"Plants are vast natural sources significant organic and inorganic ethnomedicinal metabolic components that are free from side effects and are being used as probes and remedious agents since ancient times for local remedies. This paper documents the randomly sampled data of roots, leaves, seeds as well as whole plants of 31 ethnomedicinal plants of almost 21 families majorly Apiaceae, Fabaceae, Moraceae, Solanaceae and Rhamnaceae family used by local medicine men by conducting their unstructured interviews including open ended questions relevant to flora of Wazirabad, District Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan. This random sampling of different families of plants in particular climatic conditions can attract the phytochemists towards this area for opening scientific mysteries of this flora. The people of the Wazirabad have also been interviewed regarding effectiveness of remedious properties of these plants that have been using them from long time which revealed their prolonged dependence upon these local plants for their prime health problems. The confidence on medicine based over these plants is associated with their traditional beliefs.","PeriodicalId":16700,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87145111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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