Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.173
Dr. Mohammad. Ashraf Khan, Dr. Vandana Tewari, Dr. Nashra Afaq, Dr. Ruchika Agarwal, Dr. Medha Das, Dr. R.sujatha
Introduction: Age-related cataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world. (AP)-endonuclease APE1 and the X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) are the key enzymes taking part in the repair of DNA damage. The association of X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and AP endonuclease-1 (APE1) plays a critical role as polymorphisms of DNA repair genes decreasing the ability to repair DNA damage, leaving human body a greatly increased susceptibility to cancer or age-related diseases. Aim and objective: To study the Molecular characterization and its Association to AP endonuclease-1 (APE) and X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1), as a DNA Repair protein from patients with the risk of age-related cataract at a Tertiary Care Centre, Uttar Pradesh. Material and methods: This was a case control study carried out in the Department of Anatomy & Department of Ophthalmology of RMCH&RC for a period of 2 year i.e., June 2020 to June 2022. A total of 500 clinical suspected cases were included in our study in which 250 patients were confirmed as cataract positive patients whereas 250 were the Controls. The Demographic profiles of the cases were recorded after duly obtaining consent. The 5ml of venous blood was collected in Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid tubes. DNA was extracted by using Qiagen DNA Extraction kit as per manufactures guidelines. The AP endonuclease-1 (APE) and X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene was detected by the conventional PCR. Results: In the present study the maximum number of cases were reported in the Females as compared to the Males with the maximum age group of 51-60 years being affected the most. The Expression of (AP) –endonuclease (APE1) gene was more 68.4 % as compared to X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) with 62.8 %. The increase expression indicates the presence of these genes in the DNA repair damage. Conclusion: The Expression of (AP)-endonuclease (APE1) gene was more 68.4% as compared to X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) with 62.8%. The increase expression indicates the presence of these genes in the DNA repair damage. So, there should be early screening and its molecular detection of the DNA repair gene, which will help the clinician in the early diagnosis as well as early treatment of the cataract.
{"title":"“Molecular Characterization And Its Association To Ap Endonuclease-1 (Ape1) And X-Ray Cross-Complementing Group 1 (Xrcc1), As A Dna Repair Protein From Patients With The Risk Of Age-Related Cataract At A Tertiary Care Centre, Uttar Pradesh”","authors":"Dr. Mohammad. Ashraf Khan, Dr. Vandana Tewari, Dr. Nashra Afaq, Dr. Ruchika Agarwal, Dr. Medha Das, Dr. R.sujatha","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.173","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Age-related cataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world. (AP)-endonuclease APE1 and the X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) are the key enzymes taking part in the repair of DNA damage. The association of X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and AP endonuclease-1 (APE1) plays a critical role as polymorphisms of DNA repair genes decreasing the ability to repair DNA damage, leaving human body a greatly increased susceptibility to cancer or age-related diseases. \u0000Aim and objective: To study the Molecular characterization and its Association to AP endonuclease-1 (APE) and X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1), as a DNA Repair protein from patients with the risk of age-related cataract at a Tertiary Care Centre, Uttar Pradesh. \u0000Material and methods: This was a case control study carried out in the Department of Anatomy & Department of Ophthalmology of RMCH&RC for a period of 2 year i.e., June 2020 to June 2022. A total of 500 clinical suspected cases were included in our study in which 250 patients were confirmed as cataract positive patients whereas 250 were the Controls. The Demographic profiles of the cases were recorded after duly obtaining consent. The 5ml of venous blood was collected in Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid tubes. \u0000DNA was extracted by using Qiagen DNA Extraction kit as per manufactures guidelines. The AP endonuclease-1 (APE) and X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene was detected by the conventional PCR. \u0000Results: In the present study the maximum number of cases were reported in the Females as compared to the Males with the maximum age group of 51-60 years being affected the most. The Expression of (AP) –endonuclease (APE1) gene was more 68.4 % as compared to X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) with 62.8 %. The increase expression indicates the presence of these genes in the DNA repair damage. \u0000Conclusion: The Expression of (AP)-endonuclease (APE1) gene was more 68.4% as compared to X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) with 62.8%. The increase expression indicates the presence of these genes in the DNA repair damage. So, there should be early screening and its molecular detection of the DNA repair gene, which will help the clinician in the early diagnosis as well as early treatment of the cataract.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43139213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.212
Tamanna Maji , Ayan Chatterjee , Manish Kumar Gaut
Purpose: Changes in the liver function tests (LFTs) are a serious complication during pregnancy and require proper analysis in order to avoid the risk factors in the diagnosis. Pregnancy-specific diseases are the most common reason for abnormal liver function tests while pregnant, especially in the third trimester. Materials and Methods: In this review article, pregnancy-related liver disease articles indexed in various databases were used. The collection of articles was evaluated by using keywords including liver diseases, pregnancy, eclampsia, fatty liver, liver enzymes and puerperium stage. Results: Liver cirrhosis, autoimmune infections, primary biliary redness, Wilson’s unwellness are few examples of pre-existing liver diseases which are exceptionally rare because pregnant women are often young and healthy. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, the HELLP syndrome (haemolysis, increased liver enzymes, low platelets), eclampsia and acute fatty liver are all liver conditions that are specific to pregnancy. These abnormalities may cause foetal distress, serious liver damage, and even hepatic failure; as a result, rapid diagnosis and treatment are required. Serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin etc. are frequently used diagnostic procedures. Conclusion: This review mainly focuses on the pregnancy-associated liver disorders with several biochemical tests, and their pathophysiology to interpret the abnormal condition of the liver during pregnancy. It also highlights the current scenario of Maternal Mortality Ratio in India. The effects of alcohol on unsuccessful pregnancies in females are also discussed. In this, so far bleak situation, changes in lifestyle, early and timely collaborative care by the obstetric and medical teams can produce the best results.
{"title":"IMPACT OF LIVER DISEASES ON PREGNANCY AND PUERPERIUM STAGE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"Tamanna Maji , Ayan Chatterjee , Manish Kumar Gaut","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.212","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Changes in the liver function tests (LFTs) are a serious complication during pregnancy and require proper analysis in order to avoid the risk factors in the diagnosis. Pregnancy-specific diseases are the most common reason for abnormal liver function tests while pregnant, especially in the third trimester. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this review article, pregnancy-related liver disease articles indexed in various databases were used. The collection of articles was evaluated by using keywords including liver diseases, pregnancy, eclampsia, fatty liver, liver enzymes and puerperium stage. \u0000Results: Liver cirrhosis, autoimmune infections, primary biliary redness, Wilson’s unwellness are few examples of pre-existing liver diseases which are exceptionally rare because pregnant women are often young and healthy. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, the HELLP syndrome (haemolysis, increased liver enzymes, low platelets), eclampsia and acute fatty liver are all liver conditions that are specific to pregnancy. These abnormalities may cause foetal distress, serious liver damage, and even hepatic failure; as a result, rapid diagnosis and treatment are required. Serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin etc. are frequently used diagnostic procedures. \u0000Conclusion: This review mainly focuses on the pregnancy-associated liver disorders with several biochemical tests, and their pathophysiology to interpret the abnormal condition of the liver during pregnancy. It also highlights the current scenario of Maternal Mortality Ratio in India. The effects of alcohol on unsuccessful pregnancies in females are also discussed. In this, so far bleak situation, changes in lifestyle, early and timely collaborative care by the obstetric and medical teams can produce the best results.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44494837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Health Information System (HIS) is a combination of hardware, software, process, infrastructure, people and protocol which is developed for management of healthcare data including collection, storage, analysis, decision making and transmission. It supports functional management of a hospital as well as provides an infrastructure that support policy decisions over healthcare data. HIS grown decade by decade starting from 1960 to present era and divided into four generation versions, starting from HIS. V.1.0 to HIS V.4.0. HIS V.4.0 is dedicated for smart medical technology with fog-based computing system including disease-oriented sensing system, IoT, artificial intelligence, high speed internet and advanced internet protocols. Fog Computing is a distributed computing framework and provide an extension to cloud computing. It lies between medical sensor (IoT devices) and cloud datacenters. This paper presents various HIS generations and technologies used in HIS V.4.0. Include review of cloud computing, IoT and Fog computing. Further this paper provides a systematic review of existing research in fog computing with various issue and challenges. Finally, paper describes comparison of fog computing with cloud and edge computing and present discussion, open challenges and recommendation in Fog-based HIS.
{"title":"Healthcare Technology Evolution And Adoption Of Fog Computing In Healthcare: Review, Issue And Challenges","authors":"Agnivesh Kumar Agnihotri, Shashi Kant Gupta, Basant Tiwari","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.172","url":null,"abstract":"Health Information System (HIS) is a combination of hardware, software, process, infrastructure, people and protocol which is developed for management of healthcare data including collection, storage, analysis, decision making and transmission. It supports functional management of a hospital as well as provides an infrastructure that support policy decisions over healthcare data. HIS grown decade by decade starting from 1960 to present era and divided into four generation versions, starting from HIS. V.1.0 to HIS V.4.0. HIS V.4.0 is dedicated for smart medical technology with fog-based computing system including disease-oriented sensing system, IoT, artificial intelligence, high speed internet and advanced internet protocols. Fog Computing is a distributed computing framework and provide an extension to cloud computing. It lies between medical sensor (IoT devices) and cloud datacenters. This paper presents various HIS generations and technologies used in HIS V.4.0. Include review of cloud computing, IoT and Fog computing. Further this paper provides a systematic review of existing research in fog computing with various issue and challenges. Finally, paper describes comparison of fog computing with cloud and edge computing and present discussion, open challenges and recommendation in Fog-based HIS.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44134036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study evaluated possible interaction between Ayurvedic anti-urolithiac agent hydroalcoholic extract of Didymocarpus pedicellata (HADP) leaves and gliclazide. Dose optimization performed by measuring serum glucose levels after 200 and 400 mg/kg HADP administration to normal rats. Pharmacokinetic interaction study in normal rats performed by administration of gliclazide alone and combination with HADP (400 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced by administration of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) and animals were treated with gliclazide, HADP and combination for 28 days. Pharmacokinetic and dynamic interaction were assessed after single (day 1) and repeated dose (day 28) co-administration by determination of serum gliclazide and glucose levels respectively. Gliclazide showed biphasic concentration time data and glucose reduction with maximum reduction at 2 and 8h post administration. HADP showed dose proportionate hypoglycemic effect in normal rats, hence 400 mg/kg was used for further studies. There was significantly higher decrease in percentage reduction of glucose levels in co-administration group as compared to gliclazide only group in normal, diabetic rats after single and repeated administration. Reduction was higher in repeated administration as compared to single. There was a non-significant increase in pharmacokinetic parameters in normal and diabetic rats after single HADP administration. Repeated HADP administration in diabetic rats caused significant increase in all pharmacokinetic parameters of gliclazide. On day 28 biochemical parameters are estimated to evaluate effect on oral administration of HADP with gliclazide for 28 days to diabetic animals. The results are shown a significant improvement in dyslipidemia, triglyceride levels and liver functional parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, ALP, and total protein in HADP combination as compared to the vehicle control group. Combination of gliclazide and HADP showed a significant pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interaction with gliclazide. Hence precautions has to be observed in co-administration of gliclazide with HADP and dosage adjustments of gliclazide might be required in a clinical setting to avoid sever hypoglycemia.
{"title":"Pharmacodynamic And Pharmacokinetic Interaction Of Didymocarpus Pedicellata With Gliclazide In Normal And Diabetic Rats","authors":"Satyanarayana Chinthanippula , Bimalendu Chowdhury","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.195","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated possible interaction between Ayurvedic anti-urolithiac agent hydroalcoholic extract of Didymocarpus pedicellata (HADP) leaves and gliclazide. Dose optimization performed by measuring serum glucose levels after 200 and 400 mg/kg HADP administration to normal rats. Pharmacokinetic interaction study in normal rats performed by administration of gliclazide alone and combination with HADP (400 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced by administration of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) and animals were treated with gliclazide, HADP and combination for 28 days. Pharmacokinetic and dynamic interaction were assessed after single (day 1) and repeated dose (day 28) co-administration by determination of serum gliclazide and glucose levels respectively. Gliclazide showed biphasic concentration time data and glucose reduction with maximum reduction at 2 and 8h post administration. HADP showed dose proportionate hypoglycemic effect in normal rats, hence 400 mg/kg was used for further studies. There was significantly higher decrease in percentage reduction of glucose levels in co-administration group as compared to gliclazide only group in normal, diabetic rats after single and repeated administration. Reduction was higher in repeated administration as compared to single. There was a non-significant increase in pharmacokinetic parameters in normal and diabetic rats after single HADP administration. Repeated HADP administration in diabetic rats caused significant increase in all pharmacokinetic parameters of gliclazide. On day 28 biochemical parameters are estimated to evaluate effect on oral administration of HADP with gliclazide for 28 days to diabetic animals. The results are shown a significant improvement in dyslipidemia, triglyceride levels and liver functional parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, ALP, and total protein in HADP combination as compared to the vehicle control group. Combination of gliclazide and HADP showed a significant pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interaction with gliclazide. Hence precautions has to be observed in co-administration of gliclazide with HADP and dosage adjustments of gliclazide might be required in a clinical setting to avoid sever hypoglycemia.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49607177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hantaviruses belong to the Bunyaviridae family as a separate genus. It is currently known that there are over 20 serogenotypes/ seroserotypes and that a number of new types are under investigation. The types of Hantaviruses which infect rodents tend to be specific to specific hosts and are primarily found in specific rodent species. As a result of the various types of Hantaviruses and their target organs, Hantaviruses can cause a variety of diseases. There are two major diseases in the world: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hemorrhagic fever with the syndrome (HPS). A new strain of Hantavirus has been observed in progressively increasing numbers within the world as a result of an accelerating increase in Hantavirus cases throughout the world, which represents an issue of public health of great concern across the globe. Hantavirus disease is a relatively new disease, however, its spectrum continues to expand as the number of recognized virus types continues to rise. It has been reported that Hantavirus causes human disease in the British Isles, but at this point, the disease is largely unknown. Hanta viral infection may be underestimated, especially in developing countries, due to its mild asymptomatic nature and lack of standardized laboratory diagnosis in hospitals. There are no simple standardized laboratory diagnoses in hospitals due to its asymptomatic and non-specific nature. Presented is an overview of what is currently known about hantaviruses and hantavirus infections, including their properties, classification, laboratory diagnostics, treatment, and prevention.
{"title":"A Brief Overview Of Hantavirus Infections","authors":"Shyama sundar Sahu, Haragouri Mishra, Shyam Sundar Rao, Abinash Patra, Chandrasekhar Patro, Prabin Kumar, Manasi Khadanga","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.202","url":null,"abstract":"Hantaviruses belong to the Bunyaviridae family as a separate genus. It is currently known that there are over 20 serogenotypes/ seroserotypes and that a number of new types are under investigation. The types of Hantaviruses which infect rodents tend to be specific to specific hosts and are primarily found in specific rodent species. As a result of the various types of Hantaviruses and their target organs, Hantaviruses can cause a variety of diseases. There are two major diseases in the world: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hemorrhagic fever with the syndrome (HPS). A new strain of Hantavirus has been observed in progressively increasing numbers within the world as a result of an accelerating increase in Hantavirus cases throughout the world, which represents an issue of public health of great concern across the globe. Hantavirus disease is a relatively new disease, however, its spectrum continues to expand as the number of recognized virus types continues to rise. It has been reported that Hantavirus causes human disease in the British Isles, but at this point, the disease is largely unknown. Hanta viral infection may be underestimated, especially in developing countries, due to its mild asymptomatic nature and lack of standardized laboratory diagnosis in hospitals. There are no simple standardized laboratory diagnoses in hospitals due to its asymptomatic and non-specific nature. Presented is an overview of what is currently known about hantaviruses and hantavirus infections, including their properties, classification, laboratory diagnostics, treatment, and prevention.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45589334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.834
Dr. Karuna Goenka
Growing competition has necessitated the need for constant innovation and improvement for all the organizations; so as to survive. Customer’s have become more calculative and desire maximum value for money. At the same time, the quality of the product also plays a significant role in satisfying a customer. Customer Satisfaction has become the key to success. To emphasis on this aspect of marketing, an attempt has been made to study the customer’s satisfaction, their loyalty and their demand in relation to Cadbury Products. This study is an empirical study based on primary data where the sample for the study consists of 100 respondents. The data for the study has been collected using questionnaires. Secondary sources of data include internet, books and magazines. The data collected have been analyzed using basic statistical tools such as tables, graphs and charts. Such analysis has formed the base for the conclusions and recommendations of the study.
{"title":"A Study On Customer Satisfaction Towards The Products By Cadbury India Ltd","authors":"Dr. Karuna Goenka","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.834","url":null,"abstract":"Growing competition has necessitated the need for constant innovation and improvement for all the organizations; so as to survive. Customer’s have become more calculative and desire maximum value for money. At the same time, the quality of the product also plays a significant role in satisfying a customer. Customer Satisfaction has become the key to success. To emphasis on this aspect of marketing, an attempt has been made to study the customer’s satisfaction, their loyalty and their demand in relation to Cadbury Products. This study is an empirical study based on primary data where the sample for the study consists of 100 respondents. The data for the study has been collected using questionnaires. Secondary sources of data include internet, books and magazines. The data collected have been analyzed using basic statistical tools such as tables, graphs and charts. Such analysis has formed the base for the conclusions and recommendations of the study.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42451197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most popular drinks in the world, tea is a member of the family Theaceae, obtained from the plant Camellia Sinensis, found explicitly in humid and warm regions, attracts interest for its flavour and scent as well as its advantageous health properties. It is divided into three main categories: unfermented green tea and white tea, partially fermented oolong tea, and black tea that has undergone fermentation. Green tea is currently the psychostimulant most often used worldwide, as it has been shown to enhance cognitive thinking, improve neuromuscular coordination, and reduce tension and anxiety. However, it also contains caffeine members of methylxanthines which, in high amounts, more than its moderate dose, i.e., 400mg/day, can cause significant toxicity and even lethality showing symptoms such as involuntary contraction of the muscles, failure of the respiration, and heart, coma, migraine, or even death of the person in adverse cases. This study’s objective is to determine the qualitative content of caffeine released in green tea after boiling over time. Liquid chromatography is used for the detection of caffeine. To establish a more exact relation between the amounts of caffeine taken and its physiological effects, it is crucial to create more accurate, easy, and quick procedures for the detection of caffeine. Caffeine was successfully eluted using this technique in three minutes, with a few additional peaks. The standard calibration curve showed exemplary linearity, and the correlation coefficient was above 0.9983.
{"title":"Identification Of Caffeine In Extracts Of Camellia Sinensis By Liquid Chromatography","authors":"Tanu Dixit, Asmita Pramanic, Sanyogita Phadtare, Neha Barde, Vaishali Pundir, Selvan Ravindran","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.127","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most popular drinks in the world, tea is a member of the family Theaceae, obtained from the plant Camellia Sinensis, found explicitly in humid and warm regions, attracts interest for its flavour and scent as well as its advantageous health properties. It is divided into three main categories: unfermented green tea and white tea, partially fermented oolong tea, and black tea that has undergone fermentation. Green tea is currently the psychostimulant most often used worldwide, as it has been shown to enhance cognitive thinking, improve neuromuscular coordination, and reduce tension and anxiety. However, it also contains caffeine members of methylxanthines which, in high amounts, more than its moderate dose, i.e., 400mg/day, can cause significant toxicity and even lethality showing symptoms such as involuntary contraction of the muscles, failure of the respiration, and heart, coma, migraine, or even death of the person in adverse cases. This study’s objective is to determine the qualitative content of caffeine released in green tea after boiling over time. Liquid chromatography is used for the detection of caffeine. To establish a more exact relation between the amounts of caffeine taken and its physiological effects, it is crucial to create more accurate, easy, and quick procedures for the detection of caffeine. Caffeine was successfully eluted using this technique in three minutes, with a few additional peaks. The standard calibration curve showed exemplary linearity, and the correlation coefficient was above 0.9983.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47597185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s07.928
Mohammed Azeemuddin , Hemant Kumar Sharma
An Easy, sensitive, specific and precise UPLC method for the pharmaceutical dose estimation of Remdesivir in tablet dosage form. Chromatogram was run through BEH (2.1 x 50mm, 1.7µm) Mobile phase containing 0.01N Kh2po4: Acetonitrile taken in the ratio 60:40 was pumped through column at a flow rate of 0.3ml/min. Buffer used in this method was 0.01N Potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 252.0nm. Retention time of Remdesivir were found to be 1.565 min. %RSD of the Remdesivir were and found to be 0.3. %RSD of Repeatably precision of Remdesivir were found to be 0.3. %Recovery was obtained as 99.87% for Remdesivir. %Assay was obtained as 99.58% for Remdesivir. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equation of Remdesivir were 0.33, 1.00. Regression equation of Remdesivir is y = 22602x + 1936. Retention times were decreased and that run time was decreased, so the method developed was simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in Industries.
{"title":"Method Development And Validation For The Simultaneous Estimation Of Remdesivir In Bulk And Pharmaceutical Dosage Form And Stability Studies By Uplc","authors":"Mohammed Azeemuddin , Hemant Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s07.928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s07.928","url":null,"abstract":"An Easy, sensitive, specific and precise UPLC method for the pharmaceutical dose estimation of Remdesivir in tablet dosage form. Chromatogram was run through BEH (2.1 x 50mm, 1.7µm) Mobile phase containing 0.01N Kh2po4: Acetonitrile taken in the ratio 60:40 was pumped through column at a flow rate of 0.3ml/min. Buffer used in this method was 0.01N Potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 252.0nm. Retention time of Remdesivir were found to be 1.565 min. %RSD of the Remdesivir were and found to be 0.3. %RSD of Repeatably precision of Remdesivir were found to be 0.3. %Recovery was obtained as 99.87% for Remdesivir. %Assay was obtained as 99.58% for Remdesivir. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equation of Remdesivir were 0.33, 1.00. Regression equation of Remdesivir is y = 22602x + 1936. Retention times were decreased and that run time was decreased, so the method developed was simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in Industries.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41453437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s07.933
Rahul Dubey
Background and aim: Insulin resistance has been linked to both triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and hypertension, and it is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to determine the TyG index and atherogenic indices in essential hypertensive subjects and find out the association between them. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 250 patients with essential hypertension and 250 healthy controls were recruited and their serum lipids were analyzed using a Biosystem BA-400 chemistry analyzer. TyG index and atherogenic indices were calculated. Results: Triglyceride-glucose index was increased significantly in essential hypertension subjects compared to controls. All the atherogenic indices i.e. atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), cardiac risk ratio (CRR), and atherogenic coefficient (AC) were significantly increased in essential hypertensive subjects compared to controls. Additionally, the TyG index demonstrated a statistically significant positive association with the atherogenic index of plasma, cardiac risk ratio, and atherogenic coefficient in participants with essential hypertension. Conclusion: In conclusion, the TyG index was found to be positively associated with atherogenic indices in essential hypertension, suggesting essential hypertensive subjects are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
{"title":"Association Of Triglyceride Glucose Index With Atherogenic Indices In Essential Hypertension","authors":"Rahul Dubey","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s07.933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s07.933","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim: Insulin resistance has been linked to both triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and hypertension, and it is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to determine the TyG index and atherogenic indices in essential hypertensive subjects and find out the association between them. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 250 patients with essential hypertension and 250 healthy controls were recruited and their serum lipids were analyzed using a Biosystem BA-400 chemistry analyzer. TyG index and atherogenic indices were calculated. \u0000Results: Triglyceride-glucose index was increased significantly in essential hypertension subjects compared to controls. All the atherogenic indices i.e. atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), cardiac risk ratio (CRR), and atherogenic coefficient (AC) were significantly increased in essential hypertensive subjects compared to controls. Additionally, the TyG index demonstrated a statistically significant positive association with the atherogenic index of plasma, cardiac risk ratio, and atherogenic coefficient in participants with essential hypertension. \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion, the TyG index was found to be positively associated with atherogenic indices in essential hypertension, suggesting essential hypertensive subjects are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47935891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s07.931
Princy Gupta, Somya Garg, Dr. Jagbeer Singh
Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) are a very convenient way to withdraw money wherever you are ATMs are in high demand because users rely heavily on their ATMs. But if someone has access to us, they can easily access our bank accounts. The only solution for ATM security is a 6-digit PIN. There are still many vulnerabilities that criminals can use to fraud customer data. To avoid such thievery and fraud, the actual creator embedded in the smart card A biometric identification system, and a database server are integrated. Under biometrics, we've got iris recognition, face recognition, and fingerprint recognition. By using these techniques, your account will be easily accessible and no one will be able to withdraw your funds illegally. This is designed to provide better security for ATMs. It is hoped that this method will minimize ATM fraud and allow customers to use their ATMs more safely. Based on previous implementations and test results, we are accustomed to improving the efficiency of fingerprint ATM scanner feature update speed, and the security framework has passed the test. The cause of this painting is to grow surety and safety and cast off the use of Automated Teller Machine credit score and debit cards.
{"title":"Secure Withdrawal From Atm Using Biometric Fingerprint","authors":"Princy Gupta, Somya Garg, Dr. Jagbeer Singh","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s07.931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s07.931","url":null,"abstract":"Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) are a very convenient way to withdraw money wherever you are ATMs are in high demand because users rely heavily on their ATMs. But if someone has access to us, they can easily access our bank accounts. The only solution for ATM security is a 6-digit PIN. There are still many vulnerabilities that criminals can use to fraud customer data. To avoid such thievery and fraud, the actual creator embedded in the smart card A biometric identification system, and a database server are integrated. Under biometrics, we've got iris recognition, face recognition, and fingerprint recognition. By using these techniques, your account will be easily accessible and no one will be able to withdraw your funds illegally. This is designed to provide better security for ATMs. It is hoped that this method will minimize ATM fraud and allow customers to use their ATMs more safely. Based on previous implementations and test results, we are accustomed to improving the efficiency of fingerprint ATM scanner feature update speed, and the security framework has passed the test. The cause of this painting is to grow surety and safety and cast off the use of Automated Teller Machine credit score and debit cards.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46235782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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