Pub Date : 2023-01-14DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s01.59
Deepika Gupta, Manju Pandey, Anup Maiti, Neelkanth M. Pujari, - Manju Pandey Director
Combination therapy has more popularity and various merits over monotherapy (conventional dosage forms). Bilayer tablet technology is the best and most recent used example of combination dosage formulation. In the last decade, the single-dose formulation has the combination of two or three active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) increased in pharmaceutical industry. It is known for promoting patient convenience and compliance by reducing the number of dosages and enhancing the bioavailability of dosage forms. Bilayer or multilayer tablets are innovative forms of conventional oral drug delivery systems. Bilayer layer can be the only technology that has been used in different APIs for synergistic effect, to enhance the bioavailability or to avoid the interaction between the incompatible substance by separating them physically, and to enable the development of different drug release profiles (sustained release or controlled release, etc). The goal of this review is to give a general overview of the development and production of bilayer tablet technology and to highlight the issues encountered during the production of bilayer tablets as well as the expected solutions to these problems.
{"title":"Bilayer Tablet Technology: A Concept Of Immediate And Controlled Drug Delivery","authors":"Deepika Gupta, Manju Pandey, Anup Maiti, Neelkanth M. Pujari, - Manju Pandey Director","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s01.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s01.59","url":null,"abstract":"Combination therapy has more popularity and various merits over monotherapy (conventional dosage forms). Bilayer tablet technology is the best and most recent used example of combination dosage formulation. In the last decade, the single-dose formulation has the combination of two or three active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) increased in pharmaceutical industry. It is known for promoting patient convenience and compliance by reducing the number of dosages and enhancing the bioavailability of dosage forms. Bilayer or multilayer tablets are innovative forms of conventional oral drug delivery systems. Bilayer layer can be the only technology that has been used in different APIs for synergistic effect, to enhance the bioavailability or to avoid the interaction between the incompatible substance by separating them physically, and to enable the development of different drug release profiles (sustained release or controlled release, etc). The goal of this review is to give a general overview of the development and production of bilayer tablet technology and to highlight the issues encountered during the production of bilayer tablets as well as the expected solutions to these problems.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48596233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.910
H. S. Aljohani, Khushbu Agarwal
Regarding academic paradigms of the teaching process, educational administration, including governance, the COVID-19 outbreak has impacted the government education institutions. Educators' conflict self-efficacy as well as job dedication are crucial for investigation in light of this approaching paradigm change. The studies demonstrated that conflict self-efficacy substantially impacted public focuses on teachers' job involvement as during COVID-19 outbreak. Educators' job dedication is positively predicted by their ability to handle ambiguity throughout this period. In addition, the information revealed a high level of conflict self-efficacy in concepts of intervention, prevention, accomplishment, and confusion governance, as well as a significant impact on work dedication among instructors of devotion to the classroom, dedication to pupils, responsibility to educators, as well as dedication to the job role. The study's outcomes also revealed a relationship between crisis self-efficacy and teachers' job dedication during the epidemic. This research establishes a theoretical foundation for a more comprehensive assessment of teacher digital competence (TDC). Furthermore, it discusses the term digital literacy and skill and how it affects teachers’ emotional state. It also states the emerging trends in the field of digital education in the time of COVID outbreak.
{"title":"Digital Skills And Digital Literacy: New Trends In Vocational Training Emotional State Of Teaching Personnel In Times Of Pandemic","authors":"H. S. Aljohani, Khushbu Agarwal","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.910","url":null,"abstract":"Regarding academic paradigms of the teaching process, educational administration, including governance, the COVID-19 outbreak has impacted the government education institutions. Educators' conflict self-efficacy as well as job dedication are crucial for investigation in light of this approaching paradigm change. The studies demonstrated that conflict self-efficacy substantially impacted public focuses on teachers' job involvement as during COVID-19 outbreak. Educators' job dedication is positively predicted by their ability to handle ambiguity throughout this period. In addition, the information revealed a high level of conflict self-efficacy in concepts of intervention, prevention, accomplishment, and confusion governance, as well as a significant impact on work dedication among instructors of devotion to the classroom, dedication to pupils, responsibility to educators, as well as dedication to the job role. The study's outcomes also revealed a relationship between crisis self-efficacy and teachers' job dedication during the epidemic. This research establishes a theoretical foundation for a more comprehensive assessment of teacher digital competence (TDC). Furthermore, it discusses the term digital literacy and skill and how it affects teachers’ emotional state. It also states the emerging trends in the field of digital education in the time of COVID outbreak.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48750762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.908
Tushar Vishnu Tonde , Rahul S Patil , Swapnil Sure
Background: Globally obesity rates have more than doubled since 1980 from 5% to 10% in men and 8% to 14% in women. At least 2.8 million people die each year globally, as a result of being overweight or obese. Objective: to study correlation of pulmonary function abnormalities with Serum Lipids and Physical Parameters. Materials & Methods: This was a prospective study done on 40 obese patients during the period from January to December 2012 attending to the Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital, Mumbai. Results: Obesity is associated with decreased FVC, FEV1, MMEFR, and Restrictive Pattern of PFT. Obese individuals who have undesirable range of hypercholesterolemia tend to have restrictive pattern of pulmonary function test. Undesirable range of hypertriglyceridemia is not associated with any significant abnormality. Body Indices and duration of obesity do not have any significant correlation with lung volumes. Conclusion: It was concluded that Obesity is associated with decreased forced vital capacity. Body mass index, waist hip ratio and triceps fold thickness do not have any significant correlation with lung volumes.
{"title":"Correlation Of Pulmonary Function Abnormalities With Serum Lipids And Physical Parameters","authors":"Tushar Vishnu Tonde , Rahul S Patil , Swapnil Sure","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.908","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Globally obesity rates have more than doubled since 1980 from 5% to 10% in men and 8% to 14% in women. At least 2.8 million people die each year globally, as a result of being overweight or obese. Objective: to study correlation of pulmonary function abnormalities with Serum Lipids and Physical Parameters. Materials & Methods: This was a prospective study done on 40 obese patients during the period from January to December 2012 attending to the Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital, Mumbai. Results: Obesity is associated with decreased FVC, FEV1, MMEFR, and Restrictive Pattern of PFT. Obese individuals who have undesirable range of hypercholesterolemia tend to have restrictive pattern of pulmonary function test. Undesirable range of hypertriglyceridemia is not associated with any significant abnormality. Body Indices and duration of obesity do not have any significant correlation with lung volumes. \u0000Conclusion: It was concluded that Obesity is associated with decreased forced vital capacity. Body mass index, waist hip ratio and triceps fold thickness do not have any significant correlation with lung volumes.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45272454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.906
Abdulmageed Alhusainy
Existing dental restorative materials are largely inert and used to restore lost tooth components. In this article, we will look back at the progress that has been made on a new class of bioactive materials that can not only restore the loss of tooth structure but also serve as therapeutic agents. Replacement of lost minerals, inhibition of recurrent caries, neutralization of acids, repulsion of proteins, suppression of biofilms and acid production, demonstration of low cytotoxicity similar to current resins, protection of dental pulp, and promotion of tertiary dentin formation are all possible with remineralizing and antibacterial composites and bonding agents. The ability to ion release and prevent caries is a promising use for this emerging class of bioactive materials.
{"title":"“Bioactive Dental Composites And Bonding Agents”","authors":"Abdulmageed Alhusainy","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.906","url":null,"abstract":"Existing dental restorative materials are largely inert and used to restore lost tooth components. In this article, we will look back at the progress that has been made on a new class of bioactive materials that can not only restore the loss of tooth structure but also serve as therapeutic agents. Replacement of lost minerals, inhibition of recurrent caries, neutralization of acids, repulsion of proteins, suppression of biofilms and acid production, demonstration of low cytotoxicity similar to current resins, protection of dental pulp, and promotion of tertiary dentin formation are all possible with remineralizing and antibacterial composites and bonding agents. The ability to ion release and prevent caries is a promising use for this emerging class of bioactive materials.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46603154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.917
B.S. SHIJU
Using the internet and the World Wide Web, digital advertisers reach potential customers and current ones with promotional messages to get new ones and strengthen ties with the ones they already have. The Internet is a promising platform for establishing two-way communication between companies and their clientele. Marketers are investing more and more in online advertising because of consumers' widespread usage of the internet. This study employed a descriptive research strategy. This study's findings on consumers' buying habits online can be used to gauge the effectiveness of digital marketing campaigns. One hundred fifty locals from Kerala gave the research team invaluable first-hand accounts. The findings of the study indicate that consumers' purchasing decisions were affected by online advertising. Customers, however, consider digitaladvertising to be an entry point into a dialogue with the company whose products they buy.
{"title":"Digital Advertising And Its Impact On Online Consumer Buying Behavior","authors":"B.S. SHIJU","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s09.917","url":null,"abstract":"Using the internet and the World Wide Web, digital advertisers reach potential customers and current ones with promotional messages to get new ones and strengthen ties with the ones they already have. The Internet is a promising platform for establishing two-way communication between companies and their clientele. Marketers are investing more and more in online advertising because of consumers' widespread usage of the internet. This study employed a descriptive research strategy. This study's findings on consumers' buying habits online can be used to gauge the effectiveness of digital marketing campaigns. One hundred fifty locals from Kerala gave the research team invaluable first-hand accounts. The findings of the study indicate that consumers' purchasing decisions were affected by online advertising. Customers, however, consider digitaladvertising to be an entry point into a dialogue with the company whose products they buy.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49352497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s06.570
Ms. Sanjivani alapure , Ms. Vaishali jagtap
Child is precious and beautiful a source of joy and happiness a focus of love and care a subject of dreams of the future‖ .The physical health of a child is essential because it is associated with the mental and social development of children. Mothers are the first care providers of their children. One of the ways to achieve reduction of under-five mortality is to educate the mothers on matters pertaining to child care Aim of the study .-A study was conducted to Assess the effect of health teaching regarding Vitamin A deficiency in children on knowledge of mothers residing in selected areas. Methodology- The main study was conducted from 21st March to 30th April in Santh tukaram nagar, Mahesh nagar, Mukesh nagar and yeshwanth nagae, Pimpri, pune. The samples included 60 mothers with under-five children. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result- Paired t-test was used for the comparison of the knowledge gain in the pre test and post test among mothers regarding assessment on the effect of health teaching regarding Vitamin A deficiency in children on knowledge of mothers 8.3, whereas post test mean score was 16.7. Tvalue was 20.6. Corresponding p- value was 0.000, which is small (less than 0.050, hence the null hypothesis is rejected. Hence, from the scores obtained in pre test and post test the knowledge scores, it is evident that the knowledge score in pre test is significantly high as compared to the post test. This showed that health teaching was found to be highly beneficial in improving the knowledge of mothers regarding assessment on the effect of health teaching regarding Vitamin A deficiency in children Conclusion -The result of the present study shows that there was significant difference in the pre-test and post test knowledge score of mothers. Hence, this indicates that the health teaching is an effective tool in increasing the knowledge of the mothers with under-five children.
{"title":"Assessment On The Effect Of Health Teaching Regarding Vitamin A Deficiency In Children On Knowledge Of Mothers Residing In Selected Areas","authors":"Ms. Sanjivani alapure , Ms. Vaishali jagtap","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s06.570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s06.570","url":null,"abstract":"Child is precious and beautiful a source of joy and happiness a focus of love and care a subject of dreams of the future‖ .The physical health of a child is essential because it is associated with the mental and social development of children. Mothers are the first care providers of their children. One of the ways to achieve reduction of under-five mortality is to educate the mothers on matters pertaining to child care Aim of the study .-A study was conducted to Assess the effect of health teaching regarding Vitamin A deficiency in children on knowledge of mothers residing in selected areas. Methodology- The main study was conducted from 21st March to 30th April in Santh tukaram nagar, Mahesh nagar, Mukesh nagar and yeshwanth nagae, Pimpri, pune. The samples included 60 mothers with under-five children. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result- Paired t-test was used for the comparison of the knowledge gain in the pre test and post test among mothers regarding assessment on the effect of health teaching regarding Vitamin A deficiency in children on knowledge of mothers 8.3, whereas post test mean score was 16.7. Tvalue was 20.6. Corresponding p- value was 0.000, which is small (less than 0.050, hence the null hypothesis is rejected. Hence, from the scores obtained in pre test and post test the knowledge scores, it is evident that the knowledge score in pre test is significantly high as compared to the post test. This showed that health teaching was found to be highly beneficial in improving the knowledge of mothers regarding assessment on the effect of health teaching regarding Vitamin A deficiency in children Conclusion -The result of the present study shows that there was significant difference in the pre-test and post test knowledge score of mothers. Hence, this indicates that the health teaching is an effective tool in increasing the knowledge of the mothers with under-five children.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43547473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.S08.532
J. C. Darshan, M. H. Gowda, S. Ghosh
The disastrous Coronavirus Disease outbreak declared as a global pandemic, has become a potential hazard to public health. The second wave of COVID-19 in India has been strongly linked to the rising cases of various fungal infections including mucormycosis, aspergillosis, candidiasis, and mucor septicus. These fungal infections have been a cause for alarm for the general public. The color-coding of the fungal infections is primarily based on the symptoms observed in the infected patients and not based on the color of the fungi itself. For busting the myths behind fungal infections, a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the facts is needed to overcome this challenge. Rapid diagnosis, reversal of underlying predispositions, surgical excision or debridement, and optimal antifungal therapy are some of the crucial factors in combating these fungal infections. This article provides a comparative review of literature on various fungal infections during COVID-19, that have been threatening worldwide, predominantly in India. A well-established databases literature search was conducted.
{"title":"A Comparative Overview of Various Fungal Menaces Amidst Corona Virus Disease","authors":"J. C. Darshan, M. H. Gowda, S. Ghosh","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.S08.532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.S08.532","url":null,"abstract":"The disastrous Coronavirus Disease outbreak declared as a global pandemic, has become a potential hazard to public health. The second wave of COVID-19 in India has been strongly linked to the rising cases of various fungal infections including mucormycosis, aspergillosis, candidiasis, and mucor septicus. These fungal infections have been a cause for alarm for the general public. The color-coding of the fungal infections is primarily based on the symptoms observed in the infected patients and not based on the color of the fungi itself. For busting the myths behind fungal infections, a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the facts is needed to overcome this challenge. Rapid diagnosis, reversal of underlying predispositions, surgical excision or debridement, and optimal antifungal therapy are some of the crucial factors in combating these fungal infections. This article provides a comparative review of literature on various fungal infections during COVID-19, that have been threatening worldwide, predominantly in India. A well-established databases literature search was conducted. ","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48489394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s08.511
Kareem Talaat, Amina Zaki, Samaa Kotb, Rasha Sami
Statement of the problem: Tooth preparation with horizontal finish line requires removal of reasonable amount of tooth structure at the cervical area which affects the remaining tooth structure at this area. Therefore, more conservative preparation design such as biologically oriented preparation technique (BOPT) might be needed to save tooth structure at the cervical area. The Purpose: To Evaluate the effect of Conventional preparation design (horizontal), and Biologically Oriented Preparation Technique (BOPT), on Marginal adaptation, fracture and gingival inflammation score of the translucent zirconia crown in dental esthetic zone. Methodology:, 44 monolithic translucent zirconia single crowns were fabricated inn dental esthetic zone . The patients were separated randomly into two groups. Group1: (horizontal preparation design) Group2: BOPT. After final cementation. The Modified United States Public Health Service (MUSPH) criteria for restoration clinical evaluations were used to assess marginal adaption. Gingival inflammation was assessed using gingival inflammation index. Evaluation of the restoration was at intervals of three, six, nine, and twelve months. Results: Comparison between two groups at different intervals regarding marginal adaptation, fracture and gingival inflammation score revealed statistically insignificant difference. Conclusions: Within limitations of the present one year follow up randomized clinical trial, the following conclusions could be drawn: 1.The conventional and BOPT preparation designs both clinically accepted to provide successful dental restoration The lower gingival inflammation score of the restored teeth with the conventional preparation design compared to that of the BOPT, may not be conclusive as regard the study time frame, indicating that increasing the follow-up period might alter the present finding. Clinical implications: Beyond of all the prosthodontic preparation techniques, knowledge of B.O.P.T. (Biological Oriented Preparation Technique) allows us to achieve predictable and consistent results in terms of periodontal health and gingiva architecture surrounding ceramic restoration. Nevertheless, long term studies are necessary to ensure the benefits of this techniques.
{"title":"One Year Clinical Evaluation Of Translucent Zirconia Crowns In Dental Esthetic Zone With Biologically Oriented Preparation Technique Versus Conventional Preparation (RCT)","authors":"Kareem Talaat, Amina Zaki, Samaa Kotb, Rasha Sami","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s08.511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s08.511","url":null,"abstract":"Statement of the problem: Tooth preparation with horizontal finish line requires removal of reasonable amount of tooth structure at the cervical area which affects the remaining tooth structure at this area. Therefore, more conservative preparation design such as biologically oriented preparation technique (BOPT) might be needed to save tooth structure at the cervical area.\u0000The Purpose: To Evaluate the effect of Conventional preparation design (horizontal), and Biologically Oriented Preparation Technique (BOPT), on Marginal adaptation, fracture and gingival inflammation score of the translucent zirconia crown in dental esthetic zone.\u0000Methodology:, 44 monolithic translucent zirconia single crowns were fabricated inn dental esthetic zone . The patients were separated randomly into two groups. Group1: (horizontal preparation design) Group2: BOPT. After final cementation. The Modified United States Public Health Service (MUSPH) criteria for restoration clinical evaluations were used to assess marginal adaption. Gingival inflammation was assessed using gingival inflammation index. Evaluation of the restoration was at intervals of three, six, nine, and twelve months.\u0000Results: Comparison between two groups at different intervals regarding marginal adaptation, fracture and gingival inflammation score revealed statistically insignificant difference.\u0000Conclusions: Within limitations of the present one year follow up randomized clinical trial, the following conclusions could be drawn:\u00001.The conventional and BOPT preparation designs both clinically accepted to provide successful dental restoration\u0000\u0000The lower gingival inflammation score of the restored teeth with the conventional preparation design compared to that of the BOPT, may not be conclusive as regard the study time frame, indicating that increasing the follow-up period might alter the present finding.\u0000\u0000Clinical implications: Beyond of all the prosthodontic preparation techniques, knowledge of B.O.P.T. (Biological Oriented Preparation Technique) allows us to achieve predictable and consistent results in terms of periodontal health and gingiva architecture surrounding ceramic restoration. Nevertheless, long term studies are necessary to ensure the benefits of this techniques.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45097892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Topical drug delivery system improved bioavailability, reduced side effects, more uniform plasma levels, longer duration of action, resulting in a reduction in dosing frequency and improve therapy due to plasma levels up to the end of the dosing interval compared to a decline in plasma levels with conventional oral dosage form. Emulgel are generally used where the other systems of drug administration fails to directly treat cutaneous disorders such as fungal infections, acne, psoriasis etc. Materials and methods: Fluconazole emulgel was optimized based on Design-Expert® software using central composite design (CCD) making Fourteen formulations using jojoba oil and liquid paraffin, Methylparaben, Propylparaben and Triethanolamine. Results and Discussions: - The spreadability test range find from 8.9 g.cm/min to 14.87 g.cm/min for the formulations F1 and F14, respectively. Formulations having low amount of jojoba oil and liquid paraffin had the high spreadability index. As the viscosity of the gel increased, the release of the drug was expected to be slower. Complete drug release (100%) was achieved at the 3rd hr for the formulations F1, F8, F7 and F14 released more than 80 % of the drug and in vitro results showed that an emulgel formulation can be a potential candidate for the delivery of fluconazole for the skin disease, with better in vitro physical, using jojoba oil and liquid paraffin as drug carriers. SEM analysis of emulgel shows the uniform structure of emulgel formulation.
{"title":"Formulation And Evaluation Of Emulgel Of An Antifungal Drug For Topical Drug Delivery","authors":"Dinesh Kumar, Rahul Saini, Suman Rani, Raman Kumari","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s08.517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s08.517","url":null,"abstract":"Topical drug delivery system improved bioavailability, reduced side effects, more uniform plasma levels, longer duration of action, resulting in a reduction in dosing frequency and improve therapy due to plasma levels up to the end of the dosing interval compared to a decline in plasma levels with conventional oral dosage form. Emulgel are generally used where the other systems of drug administration fails to directly treat cutaneous disorders such as fungal infections, acne, psoriasis etc. \u0000Materials and methods: Fluconazole emulgel was optimized based on Design-Expert® software using central composite design (CCD) making Fourteen formulations using jojoba oil and liquid paraffin, Methylparaben, Propylparaben and Triethanolamine. \u0000Results and Discussions: - The spreadability test range find from 8.9 g.cm/min to 14.87 g.cm/min for the formulations F1 and F14, respectively. Formulations having low amount of jojoba oil and liquid paraffin had the high spreadability index. As the viscosity of the gel increased, the release of the drug was expected to be slower. Complete drug release (100%) was achieved at the 3rd hr for the formulations F1, F8, F7 and F14 released more than 80 % of the drug and in vitro results showed that an emulgel formulation can be a potential candidate for the delivery of fluconazole for the skin disease, with better in vitro physical, using jojoba oil and liquid paraffin as drug carriers. SEM analysis of emulgel shows the uniform structure of emulgel formulation.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48377018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.S07.847
N. Niranjini, J. Sridevi
‘CoronaVirus’ is a hard hit on both Millennial consumers and marketers. It forced consumers and marketers to do the usual activities of buying and selling differently. Panic buying and herd mentality was widely noticed among millennials. Their unusual buying behavior which reflects behavior during a crisis is highly influenced by environmental stimuli. From this study, it is found that there has been a significant buying behavioral shift of global millennials in emerging markets (BRIC – Brazil, Russia, India, China; CIVETS – Columbia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Egypt, Turkey, South Africa). It is evident that the initial marketing attempts of marketers failed during COVID-19 due to the lack of understanding of the significance of environmental and marketing stimuli in consumers’ purchase decisions. This study brings out the various positive substantial changes brought about through internetization in marketing goods and services to millennial customers during the pandemic. The pandemic enabled a rapid digital revolution in buying and selling using digital/online platforms. The study suggests the application of the Black Box Model by marketers in marketing and selling decisions. The Internet has been the most important tool used by customers and sellers to access what they need. This study is useful to marketers and upcoming entrepreneurs to understand that it is the consumer’s buying behavior that triggers and pushes marketers to sell differently.
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