In this work, a simple and cost-effective method is proposed to synthesize Ag/BiVO4 heterojunction photocatalyst, a material already popular and well-studied for its photocatalytic performance. The aim is to retain the necessary structural, optical and electrochemical properties of the materials while enhancing their photocatalytic activity. BiVO4 was synthesized by solvothermal method, followed by depositing Ag nanoparticles via photoreduction using either 40 W LED and 300 W Xenon light. The prepared products were further characterized through various advanced techniques. The photocatalyst activities of the as-synthesized photocatalysts were evaluated by monitoring the photocatatytic degradation of ethylparaben under visible light irradiation. The results indicated that the Ag/BiVO4 heterojunction photocatalysts treated under both 40 W LED 0and 300 W Xenon light exhibited significantly improved in photocatalytic activity compared to bare BiVO4. Notably, the optimized 10%-Ag/BiVO4 catalyst treated under a 40 W LED retained its optimal structure and achieved highly efficient ethylparaben degradation, reaching approximately 94% removal efficiency within 240 min of irradiation. Futhermore, the photocatalytic activity of the Ag/BiVO4 catalyst under 40 W LED was higher than that under 300 W Xenon light, highlighting the advantage of LED illumination, which combines high activity with lower operating costs compared to Xenon lamps. The improvement in photocatalytic peformance of Ag/BiVO4 is primarily attributed to the localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) effect of Ag nanoparticles, which facilitates the electron/hole separation and electrons promotes transfer for production of •O2− radicals, thus improving the overall photocatalytic activity. The research also investigates the mechanism of the reaction, the stability of the catalyst and provides insights into developing superior materials for treating persistent organic pollutants in wastewater.
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