A novel perovskite-type CaLa4Ti4O15:Eu3+, Sm3+ red-emitting phosphor was synthesized via the sol-combustion method. The luminescence intensity at 622 nm of CaLa4Ti4O15:Eu3+, Sm3+ phosphor was approximately 1.79 times higher than that of CaLa4Ti4O15:Eu3+. This was attributed to the energy transfer process between Sm3+ and Eu3+ ions. Moreover, the color purity of the CaLa4Ti4O15:Eu3+, Sm3+ phosphor reached 94.74%, and the quantum efficiencies were measured as 42.04% (internal) and 30.15% (external), respectively. White light-emitting diodes (w-LEDs) were fabricated by combining the CaLa4Ti4O15:Eu3+, Sm3+ phosphor with commercial blue/green phosphors on an n-UV chip (λ = 395 nm). The w-LEDs exhibited bright white light with a color rendering index of 87.5 and a correlated color temperature of 4700 K. These results indicate that the CaLa4Ti4O15:Eu3+, Sm3+ phosphor has great potential for practical application as the red component in white light-emitting diodes.
{"title":"Synthesis and enhanced photoluminescence of Eu3+/Sm3+ co-doped CaLa4Ti4O15 red-emitting phosphor for white light-emitting diodes","authors":"Liqiao Pan, Wentao Zhang, Siwei Luo, Xu Zhong, Xinrui Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel perovskite-type CaLa<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>15</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup>, Sm<sup>3+</sup> red-emitting phosphor was synthesized via the sol-combustion method. The luminescence intensity at 622 nm of CaLa<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>15</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup>, Sm<sup>3+</sup> phosphor was approximately 1.79 times higher than that of CaLa<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>15</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup>. This was attributed to the energy transfer process between Sm<sup>3+</sup> and Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions. Moreover, the color purity of the CaLa<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>15</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup>, Sm<sup>3+</sup> phosphor reached 94.74%, and the quantum efficiencies were measured as 42.04% (internal) and 30.15% (external), respectively. White light-emitting diodes (<em>w</em>-LEDs) were fabricated by combining the CaLa<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>15</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup>, Sm<sup>3+</sup> phosphor with commercial blue/green phosphors on an n-UV chip (λ = 395 nm). The <em>w</em>-LEDs exhibited bright white light with a color rendering index of 87.5 and a correlated color temperature of 4700 K. These results indicate that the CaLa<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>15</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup>, Sm<sup>3+</sup> phosphor has great potential for practical application as the red component in white light-emitting diodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117064"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117066
Kapil Dev Mahato
Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful approach for accelerating the design of efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) by correlating molecular features with device performance. However, predictive modeling of power conversion efficiency (PCE) remains challenging due to the small size and heterogeneity of available experimental datasets. In this study, we propose a robust and data-efficient ensemble learning framework for accurately predicting PCE in donor-acceptor (D-A) molecular pairs. A dataset of 319 experimentally derived D-A combinations, containing key electronic and molecular descriptors, was employed to develop five regression models: Fine Tree (FT), Medium Tree (MT), Coarse Tree (CT), Bagged Tree (BGT), and Boosted Tree (BST). Among the models examined, the BST ensemble outperformed the others, achieving an R2 of 88.75%, a minimum MAE of 0.522, and an RMSE of 0.725 for validation, as well as an R2 of 85.26%, a minimum MAE of 0.549, and an RMSE of 0.734 for testing. The proposed framework integrates SMILES-derived molecular fingerprints with ensemble learning to capture complex, nonlinear interactions between donor and acceptor features, enabling the reliable estimation of efficiency even with limited data. This work highlights that data-driven ensemble approaches can serve as accurate and computationally economical methods for estimating the physical/chemical properties of OSC. The outcomes are expected to enable researchers to conduct rapid screening and develop next-generation OSC materials.
{"title":"Predicting power conversion efficiency in donor-acceptor pairs for organic solar cells using machine learning ensemble models","authors":"Kapil Dev Mahato","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful approach for accelerating the design of efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) by correlating molecular features with device performance. However, predictive modeling of power conversion efficiency (PCE) remains challenging due to the small size and heterogeneity of available experimental datasets. In this study, we propose a robust and data-efficient ensemble learning framework for accurately predicting PCE in donor-acceptor (D-A) molecular pairs. A dataset of 319 experimentally derived D-A combinations, containing key electronic and molecular descriptors, was employed to develop five regression models: Fine Tree (FT), Medium Tree (MT), Coarse Tree (CT), Bagged Tree (BGT), and Boosted Tree (BST). Among the models examined, the BST ensemble outperformed the others, achieving an R<sup>2</sup> of 88.75%, a minimum MAE of 0.522, and an RMSE of 0.725 for validation, as well as an R<sup>2</sup> of 85.26%, a minimum MAE of 0.549, and an RMSE of 0.734 for testing. The proposed framework integrates SMILES-derived molecular fingerprints with ensemble learning to capture complex, nonlinear interactions between donor and acceptor features, enabling the reliable estimation of efficiency even with limited data. This work highlights that data-driven ensemble approaches can serve as accurate and computationally economical methods for estimating the physical/chemical properties of OSC. The outcomes are expected to enable researchers to conduct rapid screening and develop next-generation OSC materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117066"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117071
Siyu Liao , Dongyang Jiang , Yuxian Duan , Zhi Li , Weida Chen , Zeli Deng , Guanghong Liu , Qianxu Ye , Shijie Sun , Liexing Zhou , Jinming Cai , Hongyou Li , Guo Chen
Lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) powder was synthesized via a simple and efficient method employing LiF and Ta2O5 as raw materials, making its inaugural application in the piezoelectric catalytic degradation of organic dye. Subjected to ultrasonic vibration, LiTaO3 powder degraded 100% Rhodamine B dye within a 16-min period, demonstrating the reaction rate constants (k) of 0.28012 min−1. Even after six catalytic cycles, the degradation rate remained 94%. Mechanistic investigations revealed that hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and superoxide radicals (•O2−) predominantly drive the piezoelectric catalytic degradation of RhB. This research introduces innovative strategies and methodologies for synthesizing and utilizing new piezoelectric catalysts, thus making significant contributions to the development of efficient and sustainable technologies for environmental remediation.
{"title":"Synthesis of piezoelectric catalyst LiTaO3 and its application in efficient degradation of organic pollutants","authors":"Siyu Liao , Dongyang Jiang , Yuxian Duan , Zhi Li , Weida Chen , Zeli Deng , Guanghong Liu , Qianxu Ye , Shijie Sun , Liexing Zhou , Jinming Cai , Hongyou Li , Guo Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium tantalate (LiTaO<sub>3</sub>) powder was synthesized via a simple and efficient method employing LiF and Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> as raw materials, making its inaugural application in the piezoelectric catalytic degradation of organic dye. Subjected to ultrasonic vibration, LiTaO<sub>3</sub> powder degraded 100% Rhodamine B dye within a 16-min period, demonstrating the reaction rate constants (<em>k</em>) of 0.28012 min<sup>−1</sup>. Even after six catalytic cycles, the degradation rate remained 94%. Mechanistic investigations revealed that hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and superoxide radicals (•O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) predominantly drive the piezoelectric catalytic degradation of RhB. This research introduces innovative strategies and methodologies for synthesizing and utilizing new piezoelectric catalysts, thus making significant contributions to the development of efficient and sustainable technologies for environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"475 ","pages":"Article 117071"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117074
Xiaojun Wen, Lei Liao, Yi He, Yingrong Jin, Ping Ren, Liang He, Changjie Jiang, Wei Yuan
Composite photocatalysts with Z-scheme and S-scheme heterojunctions show promising application potential, yet their synthesis remains challenging due to immature construction techniques. In this study, commercial TiO2 and calcined Bi2O3 were used as raw materials. By regulating the oxygen vacancy concentration on the surfaces of TiO2 and Bi2O3 nanoparticles, and thereby modulating the surface energy levels of the TiO2 and Bi2O3 particles, a TiO2/Bi2O3 composite photocatalyst with a Z-scheme heterojunction was constructed via a hydrothermal method. The results indicate that the metallic bismuth formed during hydrothermal treatment bridges Bi2O3 and TiO2. At a Bi2O3-to-TiO2 mass ratio of 9:100 (sample TB9), the composite catalyst achieves 99.5% degradation of methylene blue and retains excellent stability over five cycles. This work proposes a strategy for constructing heterojunction photocatalysts by modulating surface energy levels, offering a novel approach for developing efficient photocatalytic materials.
{"title":"Construction and performance regulation of TiO2/Bi2O3 photocatalyst with Z-scheme heterojunction","authors":"Xiaojun Wen, Lei Liao, Yi He, Yingrong Jin, Ping Ren, Liang He, Changjie Jiang, Wei Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite photocatalysts with <em>Z</em>-scheme and S-scheme heterojunctions show promising application potential, yet their synthesis remains challenging due to immature construction techniques. In this study, commercial TiO<sub>2</sub> and calcined Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> were used as raw materials. By regulating the oxygen vacancy concentration on the surfaces of TiO<sub>2</sub> and Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles, and thereby modulating the surface energy levels of the TiO<sub>2</sub> and Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> particles, a TiO<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite photocatalyst with a <em>Z</em>-scheme heterojunction was constructed via a hydrothermal method. The results indicate that the metallic bismuth formed during hydrothermal treatment bridges Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub>. At a Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-to-TiO<sub>2</sub> mass ratio of 9:100 (sample TB9), the composite catalyst achieves 99.5% degradation of methylene blue and retains excellent stability over five cycles. This work proposes a strategy for constructing heterojunction photocatalysts by modulating surface energy levels, offering a novel approach for developing efficient photocatalytic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117074"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conventional wastewater treatment technologies are often ineffective in eliminating persistent micropollutants, such as neonicotinoid pesticides, which pose significant risks to ecosystems and human health. To address this challenge, silicon-modified black titanium dioxide (Si-b-TiO2) photocatalysts were synthesised via a sol–gel route followed by chemical reduction, targeting sustainable environmental remediation under full-spectrum solar irradiation. Controlled Si incorporation (1–15 wt%) tuned the structural, optical, and electronic properties of black TiO2, as confirmed by XRD, TEM, and XPS and FT-IR analyses. Silicon modification suppressed electron–hole recombination and enhanced visible-light absorption, accompanied by increased generation of reactive oxygen species, as evidenced by hydroxyl radical () probing using terephthalic acid fluorescence. The optimised Si1-b-TiO2 photocatalyst achieved an imidacloprid degradation efficiency of approximately 70% within 180 min under full-spectrum irradiation, compared to ∼34% for pristine black TiO2, corresponding to an apparent rate constant of k = 6.84 ⋅ 10−3 min−1. In addition, the catalyst retained more than 90% of its initial activity after five consecutive degradation cycles, demonstrating good operational stability. At higher Si loadings (≥5 wt%), performance decreased due to pore blockage and recombination, underlining the importance of controlled doping. This work demonstrates that Si-modified black TiO2 provides a cost-effective and scalable material platform for solar-driven water purification, contributing to the development of sustainable technologies for mitigating micropollutants.
{"title":"Silicon-modified black TiO2 photocatalysts as a sustainable platform for micropollutant degradation under full-spectrum solar irradiation","authors":"Athira Vijayan , Luminita Andronic , Kandasamy Muthusamy , Samson Yuxiu Lai , Halil Arslan , Anatolijs Sarakovskis , Jeyanthinath Mayandi , Smagul Karazhanov","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional wastewater treatment technologies are often ineffective in eliminating persistent micropollutants, such as neonicotinoid pesticides, which pose significant risks to ecosystems and human health. To address this challenge, silicon-modified black titanium dioxide (Si-b-TiO<sub>2</sub>) photocatalysts were synthesised via a sol–gel route followed by chemical reduction, targeting sustainable environmental remediation under full-spectrum solar irradiation. Controlled Si incorporation (1–15 wt%) tuned the structural, optical, and electronic properties of black TiO<sub>2</sub>, as confirmed by XRD, TEM, and XPS and FT-IR analyses. Silicon modification suppressed electron–hole recombination and enhanced visible-light absorption, accompanied by increased generation of reactive oxygen species, as evidenced by hydroxyl radical (<span><math><msup><mi>HO</mi><mo>∙</mo></msup></math></span>) probing using terephthalic acid fluorescence. The optimised Si1-b-TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst achieved an imidacloprid degradation efficiency of approximately 70% within 180 min under full-spectrum irradiation, compared to ∼34% for pristine black TiO<sub>2</sub>, corresponding to an apparent rate constant of k = 6.84 ⋅ 10<sup>−3</sup> min<sup>−1</sup>. In addition, the catalyst retained more than 90% of its initial activity after five consecutive degradation cycles, demonstrating good operational stability. At higher Si loadings (≥5 wt%), performance decreased due to pore blockage and recombination, underlining the importance of controlled doping. This work demonstrates that Si-modified black TiO<sub>2</sub> provides a cost-effective and scalable material platform for solar-driven water purification, contributing to the development of sustainable technologies for mitigating micropollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"475 ","pages":"Article 117061"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117070
Shili Qin , Yuting Qin , Fenglong Jin , Dongsheng Zhao , Xinyu Liang , Liming Bai , Hongtao Chu , Lidi Gao , Shuren Liu
The integration of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into hybrid materials capitalizes on the advantageous properties of both classes of materials, particularly addressing the aggregation-caused quenching effect associated with COFs to enhance their luminescence. Furthermore, COF/MOF hybrid materials represent a promising approach for the development of ratiometric fluorescent methods. In this study, we synthesized a hybrid material, TTP/UiO-66-NH2, characterized by the robust attachment of TTP COF to the surface of UiO-66-NH2 MOF via a Schiff base reaction. The TTP/UiO-66-NH2 hybrid material combined the strengths of both components, exhibiting remarkable stability, a broad pH tolerance, and excellent dual-emission fluorescence. Additionally, as a dual-emission fluorescent probe, TTP/UiO-66-NH2 effectively identified chlorotetracycline in three animal-derived food samples. This fluorescent probe demonstrated high selectivity, strong specificity, and superior anti-interference capabilities, along with a rapid response time of 25 s, a wide pH range (3.0–9.0), a high recovery rate (89.73–112.05%), an extensive linear range (0–220 μmol/L), and low detection limits (0.089–0.095 μmol/L). This research provided a novel fluorescent probe for the detection of chlorotetracycline and opened avenues for further applications.
{"title":"TTP/UiO-66-NH2 hybrid: a high-performance ratiometric fluorescent probe for the selective and rapid detection of chlortetracycline at a wide pH range.","authors":"Shili Qin , Yuting Qin , Fenglong Jin , Dongsheng Zhao , Xinyu Liang , Liming Bai , Hongtao Chu , Lidi Gao , Shuren Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into hybrid materials capitalizes on the advantageous properties of both classes of materials, particularly addressing the aggregation-caused quenching effect associated with COFs to enhance their luminescence. Furthermore, COF/MOF hybrid materials represent a promising approach for the development of ratiometric fluorescent methods. In this study, we synthesized a hybrid material, TTP/UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub>, characterized by the robust attachment of TTP COF to the surface of UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> MOF via a Schiff base reaction. The TTP/UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> hybrid material combined the strengths of both components, exhibiting remarkable stability, a broad pH tolerance, and excellent dual-emission fluorescence. Additionally, as a dual-emission fluorescent probe, TTP/UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> effectively identified chlorotetracycline in three animal-derived food samples. This fluorescent probe demonstrated high selectivity, strong specificity, and superior anti-interference capabilities, along with a rapid response time of 25 s, a wide pH range (3.0–9.0), a high recovery rate (89.73–112.05%), an extensive linear range (0–220 μmol/L), and low detection limits (0.089–0.095 μmol/L). This research provided a novel fluorescent probe for the detection of chlorotetracycline and opened avenues for further applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117070"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Construction of S-scheme heterojunctions, defect engineering, and design of surface dimension are all efficient methods for improving the photocatalytic property of semiconductors. In this work, a novel 1D/3D Bi4V2O11/Bi5O7I heterojunction with a synergistic modulation of oxygen vacancies (OVs) and an S-scheme charge migration was constructed. The fabricated Bi4V2O11/Bi5O7I heterojunction was applied in the photodegradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible-light illumination. Bi4V2O11/Bi5O7I exhibits significantly reinforced photocatalytic performance relative to the pristine Bi4V2O11 and Bi5O7I. Among various Bi4V2O11/Bi5O7I composites with different mass ratios, the optimal composite 20BB with a Bi4V2O11 mass fraction of 20% exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving a TC degradation efficiency of 89%. The first-order kinetic constant (2.325 × 10−2 min−1) of 20BB is 6.3 and 3.8 times higher than those of Bi4V2O11 and Bi5O7I, respectively. The enhanced photocatalytic activity originates from three aspects. Firstly, the multi-electric field modulation of OVs and S-scheme charge transfer greatly accelerated the migration of photogenerated carriers. Secondly, S-scheme charge transfer mode exploited the electrons and holes with the strongest redox capability. Thirdly, OVs modification and unique 1D/3D hierarchical heterostructure improved visible-light absorption, and 1D/3D hierarchical heterostructure increased the active sites. Additionally, Bi4V2O11/Bi5O7I has good stability, showing no obvious change in TC removal efficiency or crystal structure after multiple cycles. The environmental factor exerts minor impacts to the activity of Bi4V2O11/Bi5O7I. H+, ·O2−, and ·OH are the reactive species responsible for the photocatalysis process. This work offers an insight into designing high-performance composite photocatalysts by the aid of multi-field modulation strategy.
{"title":"Reinforced photodegradation of tetracycline by a novel 1D/3D Bi4V2O11/Bi5O7I heterojunction: Multi-electric field tuning via S-scheme charge migration and oxygen vacancy","authors":"Yurou Chen, Zhongquan Jiang, Fangyan Chen, Yanhua Song, Yubin Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Construction of S-scheme heterojunctions, defect engineering, and design of surface dimension are all efficient methods for improving the photocatalytic property of semiconductors. In this work, a novel 1D/3D Bi<sub>4</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>11</sub>/Bi<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>I heterojunction with a synergistic modulation of oxygen vacancies (OVs) and an S-scheme charge migration was constructed. The fabricated Bi<sub>4</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>11</sub>/Bi<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>I heterojunction was applied in the photodegradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible-light illumination. Bi<sub>4</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>11</sub>/Bi<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>I exhibits significantly reinforced photocatalytic performance relative to the pristine Bi<sub>4</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>11</sub> and Bi<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>I. Among various Bi<sub>4</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>11</sub>/Bi<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>I composites with different mass ratios, the optimal composite 20BB with a Bi<sub>4</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>11</sub> mass fraction of 20% exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving a TC degradation efficiency of 89%. The first-order kinetic constant (2.325 × 10<sup>−2</sup> min<sup>−1</sup>) of 20BB is 6.3 and 3.8 times higher than those of Bi<sub>4</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>11</sub> and Bi<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>I, respectively. The enhanced photocatalytic activity originates from three aspects. Firstly, the multi-electric field modulation of OVs and S-scheme charge transfer greatly accelerated the migration of photogenerated carriers. Secondly, S-scheme charge transfer mode exploited the electrons and holes with the strongest redox capability. Thirdly, OVs modification and unique 1D/3D hierarchical heterostructure improved visible-light absorption, and 1D/3D hierarchical heterostructure increased the active sites. Additionally<strong>,</strong> Bi<sub>4</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>11</sub>/Bi<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>I has good stability, showing no obvious change in TC removal efficiency or crystal structure after multiple cycles. The environmental factor exerts minor impacts to the activity of Bi<sub>4</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>11</sub>/Bi<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>I. H<sup>+</sup>, ·O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>, and ·OH are the reactive species responsible for the photocatalysis process. This work offers an insight into designing high-performance composite photocatalysts by the aid of multi-field modulation strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"475 ","pages":"Article 117059"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117060
Zhengrong Xia , Jing Wang , Yan Xu , Wang Zhao , Weiwei Zhou , Mingjun Song
The development of high-performance and non-rare-earth deep-red-emitting phosphor is of great significance for indoor plant cultivation. In this research, a novel kind of double perovskite Ba3Gd2WO9:Mn4+ phosphor is synthesized through high-temperature solid-state method. Its electronic band and crystal structure, as well as luminescence properties were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement confirmed the formation of a pure phase and successful incorporation of Mn4+ into the Ba3Gd2WO9 lattice. Under NUV excitation, the emission spectra exhibited an intense far-red emission peak at 690 nm, attributed to the (Wu et al., 2019) 2Eg → 4A2g transition of Mn4+. The optimal doping concentration of Mn4+ is 0.004, and the primary quenching mechanism was identified to be electric dipole-dipole interactions between Mn4+ ions. Crystal field analysis revealed that Mn4+ is located in a strong octahedral field in Ba3Gd2WO9, with a Dq/B value of 2.48. Finally, far-red LED device was fabricated using Ba3Gd2WO9:0.004Mn4+ phosphor, and its electroluminescent spectrum showed a large overlap with the absorption spectrum of phytochrome PFR, indicating its potential application for indoor plant growth illumination.
开发高性能、非稀土深红光荧光粉对室内植物栽培具有重要意义。本研究采用高温固相法合成了一种新型双钙钛矿Ba3Gd2WO9:Mn4+荧光粉。系统地研究了其电子能带、晶体结构和发光性能。x射线衍射和Rietveld细化证实了纯相的形成和Mn4+成功结合到Ba3Gd2WO9晶格中。在NUV激发下，发射光谱在690 nm处呈现出强烈的远红发射峰，这是由于（Wu et al., 2019） Mn4+发生2Eg→4A2g跃迁。Mn4+的最佳掺杂浓度为0.004，主要猝灭机制为Mn4+离子之间的电偶极-偶极相互作用。晶体场分析表明，Mn4+在Ba3Gd2WO9中处于强八面体场，Dq/B值为2.48。最后，利用Ba3Gd2WO9:0.004Mn4+荧光粉制备了远红色LED器件，其电致发光光谱与光敏色素PFR的吸收光谱有较大的重叠，表明其在室内植物生长照明方面具有潜在的应用前景。
{"title":"Design of rare-earth-free Ba3Gd2WO9:Mn4+ phosphor with excellent responsiveness to phytochrome PFR for the indoor plant cultivation","authors":"Zhengrong Xia , Jing Wang , Yan Xu , Wang Zhao , Weiwei Zhou , Mingjun Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of high-performance and non-rare-earth deep-red-emitting phosphor is of great significance for indoor plant cultivation. In this research, a novel kind of double perovskite Ba<sub>3</sub>Gd<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>9</sub>:Mn<sup>4+</sup> phosphor is synthesized through high-temperature solid-state method. Its electronic band and crystal structure, as well as luminescence properties were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement confirmed the formation of a pure phase and successful incorporation of Mn<sup>4+</sup> into the Ba<sub>3</sub>Gd<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>9</sub> lattice. Under NUV excitation, the emission spectra exhibited an intense far-red emission peak at 690 nm, attributed to the (Wu et al., 2019) <sup>2</sup>E<sub>g</sub> → <sup>4</sup>A<sub>2g</sub> transition of Mn<sup>4+</sup>. The optimal doping concentration of Mn<sup>4+</sup> is 0.004, and the primary quenching mechanism was identified to be electric dipole-dipole interactions between Mn<sup>4+</sup> ions. Crystal field analysis revealed that Mn<sup>4+</sup> is located in a strong octahedral field in Ba<sub>3</sub>Gd<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>9</sub>, with a <em>D</em><sub>q</sub>/<em>B</em> value of 2.48. Finally, far-red LED device was fabricated using Ba<sub>3</sub>Gd<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>9</sub>:0.004Mn<sup>4+</sup> phosphor, and its electroluminescent spectrum showed a large overlap with the absorption spectrum of phytochrome P<sub>FR</sub>, indicating its potential application for indoor plant growth illumination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117062
Qingkun Kong , Shuhui Hu , Zongxin Huang , Yanhu Wang , Siping Liu
Bi-based perovskite as a new-type photocatalytic material holds promise to implement the solar-H2 conversion, but the strong self-trapped excitons emission of Bi-based perovskite exhibit interior recombination of photo-generated carriers due to electron-phonon coupling. Herein, Rb3BiBr6 single crystals (SCs) which is composed of multiple pieces are synthesized, demonstrating efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction in aqueous HBr solution, at room temperature and without the use of noble metal or metal oxide. At low temperature, Rb3BiBr6 SCs exhibit dual PL emission at 440 nm (free excitons) and 570 nm (self-trapped excitons), respectively. At room temperature, self-trapped excitons emission can be suppressed and Rb3BiBr6 SCs only show free excitons emission at 440 nm due to the reduce of electron-phonon coupling. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements reveal that Rb3BiBr6 SCs exhibit ultrafast hot-carrier relaxation (∼1 ps), revealing the efficient separation of electrons and holes. This work proposes a facile and versatile tactic to construct a low-cost Rb3BiBr6 for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.
{"title":"Rb3BiBr6 single crystals featured with suppressed self-trapped excitons emission at room temperature for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution in aqueous HBr solution","authors":"Qingkun Kong , Shuhui Hu , Zongxin Huang , Yanhu Wang , Siping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bi-based perovskite as a new-type photocatalytic material holds promise to implement the solar-H<sub>2</sub> conversion, but the strong self-trapped excitons emission of Bi-based perovskite exhibit interior recombination of photo-generated carriers due to electron-phonon coupling. Herein, Rb<sub>3</sub>BiBr<sub>6</sub> single crystals (SCs) which is composed of multiple pieces are synthesized, demonstrating efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction in aqueous HBr solution, at room temperature and without the use of noble metal or metal oxide. At low temperature, Rb<sub>3</sub>BiBr<sub>6</sub> SCs exhibit dual PL emission at 440 nm (free excitons) and 570 nm (self-trapped excitons), respectively. At room temperature, self-trapped excitons emission can be suppressed and Rb<sub>3</sub>BiBr<sub>6</sub> SCs only show free excitons emission at 440 nm due to the reduce of electron-phonon coupling. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements reveal that Rb<sub>3</sub>BiBr<sub>6</sub> SCs exhibit ultrafast hot-carrier relaxation (∼1 ps), revealing the efficient separation of electrons and holes. This work proposes a facile and versatile tactic to construct a low-cost Rb<sub>3</sub>BiBr<sub>6</sub> for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117062"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117065
Talha Kuru , Yigit Osman Akyıldız , Ali Keleş , Emre Aslan , İmren Hatay Patır
Clay-supported heterojunctions were assessed using ultrathin g-C3N4 as the light absorber, g-C3N4/CoAl2O4 heterojunction, and a ternary Laponite/CoAl2O4/UT g-C3N4 architecture. The UT g-C3N4 baseline improves photon capture and carrier mobility. Adding CoAl2O4 forms a direct heterojunction that drives interfacial charge separation and reduces recombination. By leveraging the dual-charged nature of Laponite, the sandwich-type Laponite/CoAl2O4/UT g- C3N4 catalyst promotes the formation of internal electrostatic microfields that facilitate directional charge migration across the UT g-C3N4/CoAl2O4 heterojunction, thereby suppressing electron–hole recombination and enhancing overall catalytic activity. The combined effects of heterojunction formation, and clay-enabled charge transport account for the observed stepwise enhancement from single to binary to ternary configurations. This concise design pathway illustrates how ultrathin g-C3N4, spinel coupling, and a clay scaffold can be integrated into a scalable sandwich-type photocatalyst for efficient solar hydrogen evolution. Under visible-light irradiation, g-C3N4-NS delivered a hydrogen evolution rate of 0.12 mmol g−1 h−1 and an STH efficiency of 0.25%, while UT g-C3N4 reached 0.18 mmol g−1 h−1 with an STH efficiency of 0.37%. The UT g-C3N4/CoAl2O4 heterojunction achieved 0.61 mmol g−1 h−1 with an STH efficiency of 1.23%, and incorporation of Laponite raised the rate to 1.50 mmol g−1 h−1 with an STH efficiency of 3.6%. These values correspond to 2.5-fold and 12-fold improvements over the binary and pristine systems, respectively. The optimized ternary catalyst sustained a linear hydrogen evolution profile for 24 h and reached a cumulative yield of 27 mmol g−1 without deactivation.
{"title":"Clay-mediated charge management enables efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in laponite/CoAl2O4/UT g-C3N4","authors":"Talha Kuru , Yigit Osman Akyıldız , Ali Keleş , Emre Aslan , İmren Hatay Patır","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clay-supported heterojunctions were assessed using ultrathin g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> as the light absorber, g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterojunction, and a ternary Laponite/CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UT g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> architecture. The UT g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> baseline improves photon capture and carrier mobility. Adding CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> forms a direct heterojunction that drives interfacial charge separation and reduces recombination. By leveraging the dual-charged nature of Laponite, the sandwich-type Laponite/CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UT g- C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> catalyst promotes the formation of internal electrostatic microfields that facilitate directional charge migration across the UT g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterojunction, thereby suppressing electron–hole recombination and enhancing overall catalytic activity. The combined effects of heterojunction formation, and clay-enabled charge transport account for the observed stepwise enhancement from single to binary to ternary configurations. This concise design pathway illustrates how ultrathin g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, spinel coupling, and a clay scaffold can be integrated into a scalable sandwich-type photocatalyst for efficient solar hydrogen evolution. Under visible-light irradiation, g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-NS delivered a hydrogen evolution rate of 0.12 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and an STH efficiency of 0.25%, while UT g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> reached 0.18 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> with an STH efficiency of 0.37%. The UT g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterojunction achieved 0.61 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> with an STH efficiency of 1.23%, and incorporation of Laponite raised the rate to 1.50 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> with an STH efficiency of 3.6%. These values correspond to 2.5-fold and 12-fold improvements over the binary and pristine systems, respectively. The optimized ternary catalyst sustained a linear hydrogen evolution profile for 24 h and reached a cumulative yield of 27 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> without deactivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117065"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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