Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117097
Keyu Guo , Sijing Li , Jingyi Wang , Tianmiao Sun , Rangrang Fan , Zhen Wu , Changchun Ding , Tong Liu , Lichun Shi , Junshan Hu
The Er3+-doped Yb2WO6 phosphor was successfully synthesized via the high-temperature solid-state reaction method. Under excitation by 980 nm near-infrared laser, this material exhibits prominent upconversion luminescence, characterized by intense green emission centered at 544 nm and strong red emission at 657 nm. The optimal doping concentration of Er3+ ions was found to be 0.03, at which the material achieves the highest luminescence efficiency. Spectroscopic investigations, including upconversion luminescence, excitation, and emission spectra, indicate that the upconversion process follows the energy transfer mechanism: Yb3+ (2F5/2) + Er3+ (4I13/2) → Yb3+ (2F7/2) + Er3+ (4F9/2). In addition to its excellent luminescent properties, the Yb2WO6: 0.04Er3+ phosphor also demonstrates stable optical thermo-sensitivity across a broad temperature range from 298 to 598 K. At room temperature (298 K) and under non-thermally coupled (I544/I657) conditions, the phosphor achieves a peak relative sensitivity of 0.88% K−1.
{"title":"Preparation and optical sensing of Yb2WO6: Er3+ phosphor","authors":"Keyu Guo , Sijing Li , Jingyi Wang , Tianmiao Sun , Rangrang Fan , Zhen Wu , Changchun Ding , Tong Liu , Lichun Shi , Junshan Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Er<sup>3+</sup>-doped Yb<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> phosphor was successfully synthesized via the high-temperature solid-state reaction method. Under excitation by 980 nm near-infrared laser, this material exhibits prominent upconversion luminescence, characterized by intense green emission centered at 544 nm and strong red emission at 657 nm. The optimal doping concentration of Er<sup>3+</sup> ions was found to be 0.03, at which the material achieves the highest luminescence efficiency. Spectroscopic investigations, including upconversion luminescence, excitation, and emission spectra, indicate that the upconversion process follows the energy transfer mechanism: Yb<sup>3+</sup> (<sup>2</sup>F<sub>5/2</sub>) + Er<sup>3+</sup> (<sup>4</sup>I<sub>13/2</sub>) → Yb<sup>3+</sup> (<sup>2</sup>F<sub>7/2</sub>) + Er<sup>3+</sup> (<sup>4</sup>F<sub>9/2</sub>). In addition to its excellent luminescent properties, the Yb<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub>: 0.04Er<sup>3+</sup> phosphor also demonstrates stable optical thermo-sensitivity across a broad temperature range from 298 to 598 K. At room temperature (298 K) and under non-thermally coupled (I<sub>544</sub>/I<sub>657</sub>) conditions, the phosphor achieves a peak relative sensitivity of 0.88% K<sup>−1</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117094
E. Damla Akkaya , Nuran Asmafiliz , Reşit Cemaloğlu , Zeynel Kılıç , Tuncer Hökelek , Burcu Topaloğlu Aksoy , Bünyemin Çoşut , Leyla Açık , Damla Nur Parıltı , Remziye Güzel
This study was undertaken to report the synthesis, characterizations and potential applications of new hybrid inorganic/organic multiheterocyclic chiral dispirocyclotriphosphazene conjugates bearing ferrocenyl and carbazolyl pendant arms. Herein, from the reactions of tetrachloromono-ferrocenylspiro-(N/N)-cyclotriphosphazene, (FcSpiro-6)CH3(N3P3)Cl4 (1), with carbazolyl-diamines (2–4), only trans (2a-4a) and cis (2b-4b) isomers were regioselectively obtained as dispirocyclic products. Because cis- and trans-dispirocyclotriphosphazenes have two different spirorings and two non-equivalent chiral P-centers, they form pseudomesoracemates (RR′/SS′) and racemates (RR′/SS′), respectively. Structural characterizations were performed using a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR (1H, 13C, 31P, HSQC and HMBC), FTIR, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The crystal structures of trans-2a and cis-4b were elucidated by crystallography. The chiralities of trans-2a and cis-4b were further investigated by 31P NMR spectra using a chiral solvating agent (CSA), as well as by Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy of trans-2a, trans-4a and cis-4b. Additionally, photophysical properties of trans-2a, trans-4a and cis-4b were investigated using UV–Vis and fluorescence spectroscopies and their fluorescence lifetimes were determined as 2.04, 2.26 and 9.50 ns, respectively. Also, antimicrobial activities of new phosphazenes were evaluated in vitro against bacterial and fungal strains. It was concluded that several compounds demonstrated significant antimicrobial efficacies. Plasmid pBR322 DNA binding interactions were analyzed to reveal the abilities of the compounds to trigger conformational changes and inhibit restriction enzyme cleavage. The results show that dispirocyclotriphosphazenes caused conformational changes in DNA. Moreover, three compounds were evaluated for their potential uses in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and two phosphazenes were investigated for memory devices.
{"title":"Phosphorus‑nitrogen compounds: part 83. Molecular design, synthesis, and characterization of unsymmetrical Dispirocyclotriphosphazenes bearing Ferrocenyl and Carbazolylspiro (N/N) rings: Chirality, bioactivity, photophysical, dye-sensitized solar cell and memory function studies","authors":"E. Damla Akkaya , Nuran Asmafiliz , Reşit Cemaloğlu , Zeynel Kılıç , Tuncer Hökelek , Burcu Topaloğlu Aksoy , Bünyemin Çoşut , Leyla Açık , Damla Nur Parıltı , Remziye Güzel","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was undertaken to report the synthesis, characterizations and potential applications of new hybrid inorganic/organic multiheterocyclic chiral dispirocyclotriphosphazene conjugates bearing ferrocenyl and carbazolyl pendant arms. Herein, from the reactions of tetrachloromono-ferrocenylspiro-(N/N)-cyclotriphosphazene, (FcSpiro-6)CH<sub>3</sub>(N<sub>3</sub>P<sub>3</sub>)Cl<sub>4</sub> (<strong>1</strong>), with carbazolyl-diamines (<strong>2</strong>–<strong>4</strong>), only trans (<strong>2a-</strong>4<strong>a</strong>) and cis (<strong>2b-4b</strong>) isomers were regioselectively obtained as dispirocyclic products. Because cis- and trans-dispirocyclotriphosphazenes have two different spirorings and two non-equivalent chiral P-centers, they form pseudomesoracemates (RR′/SS′) and racemates (RR′/SS′), respectively. Structural characterizations were performed using a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including <sup>1</sup>D and <sup>2</sup>D NMR (<sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C, <sup>31</sup>P, HSQC and HMBC), FTIR, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The crystal structures of <strong>trans-2a</strong> and <strong>cis-4b</strong> were elucidated by crystallography. The chiralities of <strong>trans</strong>-<strong>2a</strong> and <strong>cis</strong>-<strong>4b</strong> were further investigated by <sup>31</sup>P NMR spectra using a chiral solvating agent (<strong>CSA</strong>), as well as by Circular Dichroism (<strong>CD</strong>) spectroscopy of <strong>trans-2a</strong>, <strong>trans-4a</strong> and <strong>cis-4b.</strong> Additionally, photophysical properties of <strong>trans-2a</strong>, <strong>trans-4a</strong> and <strong>cis-4b</strong> were investigated using UV–Vis and fluorescence spectroscopies and their fluorescence lifetimes were determined as 2.04, 2.26 and 9.50 ns, respectively. Also, antimicrobial activities of new phosphazenes were evaluated <strong><em>in vitro</em></strong> against bacterial and fungal strains. It was concluded that several compounds demonstrated significant antimicrobial efficacies. Plasmid pBR322 DNA binding interactions were analyzed to reveal the abilities of the compounds to trigger conformational changes and inhibit restriction enzyme cleavage. The results show that dispirocyclotriphosphazenes caused conformational changes in DNA. Moreover, three compounds were evaluated for their potential uses in dye-sensitized solar cells (<strong>DSSCs</strong>) and two phosphazenes were investigated for memory devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117094"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117096
Beatriz S. Cugnasca , Ana Beatriz R. Guimarães , César A.G. Dantas , Francisco W.M. Ribeiro , Iolanda M. Cuccovia , Carlos Lodeiro , Thiago C. Correra , Ataualpa A.C. Braga , Alcindo A. Dos Santos
In this work, a seleno-BODIPY derivative (BDP-Se) was synthesized, and its reactivity towards a set of representative nucleophiles (including RNH2, PhO−, OH−, PhS−, among others) was investigated. Spectroscopic and kinetic studies were conducted, enabling a comparative evaluation of the reactivity of BDP-Se with the selected analytes. The structures of the resulting products were confirmed through mass spectrometry. An unexpected substitution reaction of the “SePh” groups on the BODIPY core was accompanied by a turn-on fluorescence response, attributed to the inhibition of the Photoinduced Electron Transfer (PET) process. The reaction mechanism was investigated using a combination of spectroscopic experiments and computational analysis, supporting a Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution mechanism in which the chalcogen substituents act as leaving groups. Remarkably, reaction with OH− (Φ = 72%) at pH ≥ 12 in aqueous solution (H2O/THF, 50:50 v/v) leads to intense fluorescence, enabling selective detection of OH− under extreme alkaline conditions.
{"title":"Nucleophile-induced fluorescence activation in Seleno-BODIPY: Mechanistic insights and OH− sensing at extreme alkalinity","authors":"Beatriz S. Cugnasca , Ana Beatriz R. Guimarães , César A.G. Dantas , Francisco W.M. Ribeiro , Iolanda M. Cuccovia , Carlos Lodeiro , Thiago C. Correra , Ataualpa A.C. Braga , Alcindo A. Dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a seleno-BODIPY derivative (<strong>BDP-Se</strong>) was synthesized, and its reactivity towards a set of representative nucleophiles (including RNH<sub>2</sub>, PhO<sup>−</sup>, OH<sup>−</sup>, PhS<sup>−</sup>, among others) was investigated. Spectroscopic and kinetic studies were conducted, enabling a comparative evaluation of the reactivity of <strong>BDP-Se</strong> with the selected analytes. The structures of the resulting products were confirmed through mass spectrometry. An unexpected substitution reaction of the “SePh” groups on the BODIPY core was accompanied by a turn-on fluorescence response, attributed to the inhibition of the Photoinduced Electron Transfer (PET) process. The reaction mechanism was investigated using a combination of spectroscopic experiments and computational analysis, supporting a Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution mechanism in which the chalcogen substituents act as leaving groups. Remarkably, reaction with OH<sup>−</sup> (Φ = 72%) at pH ≥ 12 in aqueous solution (H<sub>2</sub>O/THF, 50:50 <em>v</em>/v) leads to intense fluorescence, enabling selective detection of OH<sup>−</sup> under extreme alkaline conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117096"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117088
Zhi Zhu , Wenqiang Bo , Li Yao , Hong Yan , Ebtihal Abograin , Xu Tang , Yuanyuan Li , Jun Zhao , Sheng Ji , Pengwei Huo , Yan Guo , Yuanyuan Wang
In this study, a composite photocatalyst comprising a thin carbon layer and highly dispersed cobalt active sites derived from ZIF-L and modified g-C3N4 (CN), was synthesized using a vacuum calcination method. The composite of Co-NC@CN, demonstrated impressive tetracycline (TC) degradation activity (nearly 80%), both in controlled experiments and in real river water conditions. Experimental visualization and characterization results indicated that the carbon layer and the unique cobalt species, with their Co3+/Co2+ redox capability, enhanced the migration and transfer efficiency of photogenerated carriers, as well as the NC improved TC adsorption. Additionally, free radical capture experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) confirmed that superoxide radicals (.O2−), hydroxyl radical (.OH) and holes (h+) are the primary active species involved in the TC degradation process. Further analysis using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and diffuse reflectance in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (Drifts-FTIR) provided detailed insights into the degradation process and the intermediate products formed. This research offers a promising approach to synthesizing sunlight-driven composite photocatalysts for the treatment of real wastewater.
{"title":"Enhanced degradation of emerging pollutants in real wastewater via ZIF-derived co-NC modified CN: Mechanism and performance evaluation","authors":"Zhi Zhu , Wenqiang Bo , Li Yao , Hong Yan , Ebtihal Abograin , Xu Tang , Yuanyuan Li , Jun Zhao , Sheng Ji , Pengwei Huo , Yan Guo , Yuanyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a composite photocatalyst comprising a thin carbon layer and highly dispersed cobalt active sites derived from ZIF-L and modified g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> (CN), was synthesized using a vacuum calcination method. The composite of Co-NC@CN, demonstrated impressive tetracycline (TC) degradation activity (nearly 80%), both in controlled experiments and in real river water conditions. Experimental visualization and characterization results indicated that the carbon layer and the unique cobalt species, with their Co<sup>3+</sup>/Co<sup>2+</sup> redox capability, enhanced the migration and transfer efficiency of photogenerated carriers, as well as the NC improved TC adsorption. Additionally, free radical capture experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) confirmed that superoxide radicals (<sup><strong>.</strong></sup>O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>), hydroxyl radical (<sup><strong>.</strong></sup>OH) and holes (h<sup>+</sup>) are the primary active species involved in the TC degradation process. Further analysis using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and diffuse reflectance in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (Drifts-FTIR) provided detailed insights into the degradation process and the intermediate products formed. This research offers a promising approach to synthesizing sunlight-driven composite photocatalysts for the treatment of real wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117088"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, two new covalent organic polymers (COPs), namely TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP, were successfully synthesized using a one-pot solvothermal method (CTP-6-CHO = hexa(4-formyl-phenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene, TAPA = tris(4-aminophenyl)amine, TAPD = N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine). Both TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP exhibit broad spectral absorption across the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared region, enabling efficient solar energy utilization. Under simulated sunlight, the surface temperatures of TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP powder rapidly reached 229.0 °C and 263.5 °C within 60 s, respectively. The temperatures of TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP dispersions (0.33 mg mL−1) can also rise from room temperature to 55.1 °C and 61.5 °C under simulated sunlight, achieving photothermal conversion efficiencies of 45.3% and 65.4%, respectively. Furthermore, TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP show promise for photothermal-assisted photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). In particular, TAPD-CTP showed 96.0% removal of Cr(VI) in 8 min with no sacrificial agents, giving a high reaction rate constant of 0.402 min−1. In addition, owing to the abundant nitrogen sites and conjugated groups in their frameworks, both TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP exhibit outstanding iodine adsorption capacities of 2.51 and 3.87 g g−1, respectively. This study provides valuable insights into the design and synthesis of metal-free functional materials for the efficient removal of hazardous pollutants.
{"title":"Rationally designed bifunctional covalent organic polymers for broad-spectrum-driven photothermal catalytic Cr(VI) reduction and iodine capture","authors":"Gu-Yu Zhu, Heng Su, Yu-Hui Luo, Xin Wang, Xue-Meng Jia, Dong-En Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, two new covalent organic polymers (COPs), namely TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP, were successfully synthesized using a one-pot solvothermal method (CTP-6-CHO = hexa(4-formyl-phenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene, TAPA = tris(4-aminophenyl)amine, TAPD = N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine). Both TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP exhibit broad spectral absorption across the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared region, enabling efficient solar energy utilization. Under simulated sunlight, the surface temperatures of TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP powder rapidly reached 229.0 °C and 263.5 °C within 60 s, respectively. The temperatures of TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP dispersions (0.33 mg mL<sup>−1</sup>) can also rise from room temperature to 55.1 °C and 61.5 °C under simulated sunlight, achieving photothermal conversion efficiencies of 45.3% and 65.4%, respectively. Furthermore, TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP show promise for photothermal-assisted photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). In particular, TAPD-CTP showed 96.0% removal of Cr(VI) in 8 min with no sacrificial agents, giving a high reaction rate constant of 0.402 min<sup>−1</sup>. In addition, owing to the abundant nitrogen sites and conjugated groups in their frameworks, both TAPA-CTP and TAPD-CTP exhibit outstanding iodine adsorption capacities of 2.51 and 3.87 g g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. This study provides valuable insights into the design and synthesis of metal-free functional materials for the efficient removal of hazardous pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117078"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117076
Kun Zhang, Jie Zhang, Fie Wu, Yuefeng Ji, Xin Zhou
Heterogeneous photocatalysis offers a sustainable platform for organic synthesis, combining structural tunability, cost efficiency, and catalyst recyclability. However, the development of photocatalysts that mediate efficient and selective thioether oxidation remains challenging. Here, we report a polymer-ligand engineering approach to construct heterogeneous osmium (II)-based photosensitizers. Hydrophilic copolymer ligands based on poly(N-vinylimidazole) (PVI) with integrated acrylamide (AM) units were synthesized and complexed with Os(bpy)2Cl2, yielding polymer-supported photosensitizers. The optimized material, Os-AM-10, forms nanoparticles in aqueous media and exhibits absorption extending to the near-infrared region. Under visible light and aerobic conditions, Os-AM-10 demonstrated outstanding catalytic activity, achieving over 99% conversion of methyl phenyl sulfide. Moreover, the catalyst also converted 23 diverse thioether derivatives into the corresponding sulfoxides in 76–94% isolated yield. This work highlights the potential of polymer-driven photosensitizer design for green and selective oxidation chemistry.
{"title":"A polymer-supported osmium photosensitizer for efficient and selective aerobic photooxidation of thioethers","authors":"Kun Zhang, Jie Zhang, Fie Wu, Yuefeng Ji, Xin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heterogeneous photocatalysis offers a sustainable platform for organic synthesis, combining structural tunability, cost efficiency, and catalyst recyclability. However, the development of photocatalysts that mediate efficient and selective thioether oxidation remains challenging. Here, we report a polymer-ligand engineering approach to construct heterogeneous osmium (II)-based photosensitizers. Hydrophilic copolymer ligands based on poly(N-vinylimidazole) (PVI) with integrated acrylamide (AM) units were synthesized and complexed with Os(bpy)<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>, yielding polymer-supported photosensitizers. The optimized material, <strong>Os-AM-10</strong>, forms nanoparticles in aqueous media and exhibits absorption extending to the near-infrared region. Under visible light and aerobic conditions, <strong>Os-AM-10</strong> demonstrated outstanding catalytic activity, achieving over 99% conversion of methyl phenyl sulfide. Moreover, the catalyst also converted 23 diverse thioether derivatives into the corresponding sulfoxides in 76–94% isolated yield. This work highlights the potential of polymer-driven photosensitizer design for green and selective oxidation chemistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117076"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117077
Amira Zaki Ebrahim , Mahmoud S. Tolba , Ahmed A.K. Mohammed , Mohamed A. Gad , Adel M. Kamal El-Dean , Osama Younis
A new series of thienopyrimidines was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H/13C NMR, and HRMS. Their optical properties were systematically studied in various solvents, as well as in mixed systems to probe aggregation-induced emission (AIE). All compounds exhibited two main absorption bands, assigned to π–π* and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) transitions, which showed solvent-dependent shifts and moderate solvatochromism. Photoluminescence studies revealed structured emissions in solution and strong AIE responses in DMSO/toluene mixtures, whereas fluorescence quenching occurred in DMSO/water systems, except for compound 7, which exhibited dual emission at high water fractions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations clarified the electronic structures and intermolecular interactions, consistent with experimental data. Molecular docking studies revealed strong binding affinities toward nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), suggesting potential biological applications. Insecticidal assays against A. gossypii confirmed measurable activity for all compounds, with 2 and 5 displaying the highest toxicity, comparable to that of acetamiprid. To broaden the functional scope, two low-molecular-weight derivatives (2a and 7) were carbonized under argon at 400 °C to produce carbonized materials (C-400-I and C-400-II). Electrochemical characterization by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge revealed a predominant capacitive behavior and specific capacitances of up to 7.7 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. The superior performance of C-400-I (40 μL) is attributed to enhanced surface accessibility and ion transport. This multifunctionality arises from the intrinsic heteroatom-rich thienopyrimidine framework, which governs excited-state behavior, biological interactions, and the formation of electrochemically active carbonized materials upon thermal conversion. This work integrates molecular photophysics, bioactivity, and carbonization-based energy storage, positioning AIE-active thienopyrimidine derivatives as multifunctional materials for optical, biological, and electrochemical applications.
合成了一系列新的噻吩嘧啶类化合物，并用FT-IR、1H/13C NMR和HRMS对其进行了表征。系统地研究了它们在各种溶剂和混合体系中的光学性质，以探测聚集诱导发射（AIE）。所有化合物均表现出π -π *和分子内电荷转移（ICT）两个主要吸收带，并表现出溶剂依赖性和适度的溶剂变色。光致发光研究表明，DMSO/甲苯混合物在溶液中具有结构发射和强AIE响应，而DMSO/水体系中存在荧光猝灭现象，除了化合物7在高水组分时表现出双重发射。密度泛函理论（DFT）计算澄清了电子结构和分子间相互作用，与实验数据一致。分子对接研究显示其与烟碱乙酰胆碱受体（nAChR）和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶2 （CDK2）具有较强的结合亲和力，具有潜在的生物学应用前景。对棉蚜的杀虫试验证实，所有化合物都具有可测量的活性，其中2和5的毒性最高，与啶虫脒相当。为了扩大功能范围，将两种低分子量衍生物（2a和7）在400℃氩气下碳化，得到碳化材料（C-400- i和C-400- ii）。通过循环伏安法和恒流充放电的电化学表征表明，在0.5 a g−1的电流密度下，其主要的电容行为和比电容高达7.7 F g−1。C-400-I （40 μL）的优异性能归因于增强的表面可达性和离子输运。这种多功能性源于固有的富含杂原子的噻吩嘧啶框架，它控制着激发态行为、生物相互作用和热转化时电化学活性碳化材料的形成。这项工作整合了分子光物理、生物活性和基于碳化的能量存储，将aie活性噻吩嘧啶衍生物定位为光学、生物和电化学应用的多功能材料。
{"title":"AIE-active thienopyrimidine derivatives: from photoluminescent and insecticidal agents to carbonized electrodes for energy storage","authors":"Amira Zaki Ebrahim , Mahmoud S. Tolba , Ahmed A.K. Mohammed , Mohamed A. Gad , Adel M. Kamal El-Dean , Osama Younis","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new series of thienopyrimidines was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H/<sup>13</sup>C NMR, and HRMS. Their optical properties were systematically studied in various solvents, as well as in mixed systems to probe aggregation-induced emission (AIE). All compounds exhibited two main absorption bands, assigned to π–π* and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) transitions, which showed solvent-dependent shifts and moderate solvatochromism. Photoluminescence studies revealed structured emissions in solution and strong AIE responses in DMSO/toluene mixtures, whereas fluorescence quenching occurred in DMSO/water systems, except for compound <strong>7</strong>, which exhibited dual emission at high water fractions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations clarified the electronic structures and intermolecular interactions, consistent with experimental data. Molecular docking studies revealed strong binding affinities toward nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), suggesting potential biological applications. Insecticidal assays against <em>A. gossypii</em> confirmed measurable activity for all compounds, with <strong>2</strong> and <strong>5</strong> displaying the highest toxicity, comparable to that of acetamiprid. To broaden the functional scope, two low-molecular-weight derivatives (<strong>2a</strong> and <strong>7</strong>) were carbonized under argon at 400 °C to produce carbonized materials (C-400-I and C-400-II). Electrochemical characterization by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge revealed a predominant capacitive behavior and specific capacitances of up to 7.7 F g<sup>−1</sup> at a current density of 0.5 A g<sup>−1</sup>. The superior performance of C-400-I (40 μL) is attributed to enhanced surface accessibility and ion transport. This multifunctionality arises from the intrinsic heteroatom-rich thienopyrimidine framework, which governs excited-state behavior, biological interactions, and the formation of electrochemically active carbonized materials upon thermal conversion. This work integrates molecular photophysics, bioactivity, and carbonization-based energy storage, positioning AIE-active thienopyrimidine derivatives as multifunctional materials for optical, biological, and electrochemical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117077"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117072
Jie Chen , Lijiao Sun , Xiaoyun Pu , Xuan Ran , Kezhen Qi , Ya Yan
Cobalt (Co)-doped AgInS2 (Co-AIS) as a photoactive material for the construction of a Co-AIS-ITO (indium tin oxide, ITO) photoelectrochemical electrode is reported. Based on the inhibitory effect of oxytetracycline (OTC) on the photocurrent of Co-AIS, a photoelectrochemical detection method was established. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that Co atoms were uniformly distributed in AgInS2 (AIS) matrix. Under the optimal conditions (the concentration of Co-AIS-absolute ethanol-ethylene glycol mixture is 0.35 mg/mL while the ITO electrode is coated with 25.00 μL of that mixture, and the detection applied voltage is 0.25 V.), a good linear response relationship existed between the relative decrease in photocurrent (ΔI/I0) and the logarithm of the OTC concentration (logC) along with a low detection limit. Mechanistic analysis reveals that Co-AIS is an n-type semiconductor, and the photo-generated electrons (e−) reduce O2 to generate superoxide anions (•O2−), leading to a reduction of photocurrent. Then OTC is oxidized by •O2− and a small amount of hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Therefore, OTC residues in natural water bodies can be easily detected. This study offers new insights into the application of AIS-based materials in the field of photoelectrochemical analysis.
{"title":"Photoelectric effect detection of oxytetracycline in water by Co-doped AgInS2 nanomaterials","authors":"Jie Chen , Lijiao Sun , Xiaoyun Pu , Xuan Ran , Kezhen Qi , Ya Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cobalt (Co)-doped AgInS<sub>2</sub> (Co-AIS) as a photoactive material for the construction of a Co-AIS-ITO (indium tin oxide, ITO) photoelectrochemical electrode is reported. Based on the inhibitory effect of oxytetracycline (OTC) on the photocurrent of Co-AIS, a photoelectrochemical detection method was established. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that Co atoms were uniformly distributed in AgInS<sub>2</sub> (AIS) matrix. Under the optimal conditions (the concentration of Co-AIS-absolute ethanol-ethylene glycol mixture is 0.35 mg/mL while the ITO electrode is coated with 25.00 μL of that mixture, and the detection applied voltage is 0.25 V.), a good linear response relationship existed between the relative decrease in photocurrent (ΔI/I<sub>0</sub>) and the logarithm of the OTC concentration (logC) along with a low detection limit. Mechanistic analysis reveals that Co-AIS is an n-type semiconductor, and the photo-generated electrons (e<sup>−</sup>) reduce O<sub>2</sub> to generate superoxide anions (•O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>), leading to a reduction of photocurrent. Then OTC is oxidized by •O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> and a small amount of hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Therefore, OTC residues in natural water bodies can be easily detected. This study offers new insights into the application of AIS-based materials in the field of photoelectrochemical analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117072"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117073
Quang-Khang Nguyen , Que-Minh T. Doan , Thanh Khoa Phung , Trinh Duy Nguyen
In this work, a simple and cost-effective method is proposed to synthesize Ag/BiVO4 heterojunction photocatalyst, a material already popular and well-studied for its photocatalytic performance. The aim is to retain the necessary structural, optical and electrochemical properties of the materials while enhancing their photocatalytic activity. BiVO4 was synthesized by solvothermal method, followed by depositing Ag nanoparticles via photoreduction using either 40 W LED and 300 W Xenon light. The prepared products were further characterized through various advanced techniques. The photocatalyst activities of the as-synthesized photocatalysts were evaluated by monitoring the photocatatytic degradation of ethylparaben under visible light irradiation. The results indicated that the Ag/BiVO4 heterojunction photocatalysts treated under both 40 W LED 0and 300 W Xenon light exhibited significantly improved in photocatalytic activity compared to bare BiVO4. Notably, the optimized 10%-Ag/BiVO4 catalyst treated under a 40 W LED retained its optimal structure and achieved highly efficient ethylparaben degradation, reaching approximately 94% removal efficiency within 240 min of irradiation. Futhermore, the photocatalytic activity of the Ag/BiVO4 catalyst under 40 W LED was higher than that under 300 W Xenon light, highlighting the advantage of LED illumination, which combines high activity with lower operating costs compared to Xenon lamps. The improvement in photocatalytic peformance of Ag/BiVO4 is primarily attributed to the localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) effect of Ag nanoparticles, which facilitates the electron/hole separation and electrons promotes transfer for production of •O2− radicals, thus improving the overall photocatalytic activity. The research also investigates the mechanism of the reaction, the stability of the catalyst and provides insights into developing superior materials for treating persistent organic pollutants in wastewater.
本文提出了一种简单、经济的方法来合成Ag/BiVO4异质结光催化剂。Ag/BiVO4异质结光催化剂是一种广受欢迎的材料，具有良好的光催化性能。目的是保留材料的必要结构、光学和电化学性质，同时增强其光催化活性。采用溶剂热法合成BiVO4，然后在40 W LED和300 W氙灯下光还原沉积银纳米粒子。通过各种先进技术对制备的产物进行了进一步表征。通过监测可见光下对羟基苯甲酸乙酯的光催化降解，评价了所合成光催化剂的光催化活性。结果表明，在40 W LED 0和300 W氙灯下处理的Ag/BiVO4异质结光催化剂的光催化活性明显高于裸BiVO4。值得注意的是，在40 W LED下处理的10%-Ag/BiVO4催化剂保持了其最佳结构，并实现了高效的对羟基苯甲酸乙酯降解，在照射240 min内达到约94%的去除率。此外，Ag/BiVO4催化剂在40 W LED下的光催化活性高于300 W氙灯下的光催化活性，突出了LED照明的优势，与氙灯相比，它具有高活性和更低的运行成本。Ag/BiVO4光催化性能的提高主要是由于Ag纳米粒子的局部表面等离子体共振（LSPR）效应，促进了电子/空穴分离，电子促进了转移产生•O2−自由基，从而提高了整体光催化活性。该研究还探讨了反应机理、催化剂的稳定性，并为开发处理废水中持久性有机污染物的优质材料提供了见解。
{"title":"Improving photocatalytic degradation of Ethylparaben over Ag nanoparticles decorated BiVO4 Photocatalyst","authors":"Quang-Khang Nguyen , Que-Minh T. Doan , Thanh Khoa Phung , Trinh Duy Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a simple and cost-effective method is proposed to synthesize Ag/BiVO<sub>4</sub> heterojunction photocatalyst, a material already popular and well-studied for its photocatalytic performance. The aim is to retain the necessary structural, optical and electrochemical properties of the materials while enhancing their photocatalytic activity. BiVO<sub>4</sub> was synthesized by solvothermal method, followed by depositing Ag nanoparticles via photoreduction using either 40 W LED and 300 W Xenon light. The prepared products were further characterized through various advanced techniques. The photocatalyst activities of the as-synthesized photocatalysts were evaluated by monitoring the photocatatytic degradation of ethylparaben under visible light irradiation. The results indicated that the Ag/BiVO<sub>4</sub> heterojunction photocatalysts treated under both 40 W LED 0and 300 W Xenon light exhibited significantly improved in photocatalytic activity compared to bare BiVO<sub>4</sub>. Notably, the optimized 10%-Ag/BiVO<sub>4</sub> catalyst treated under a 40 W LED retained its optimal structure and achieved highly efficient ethylparaben degradation, reaching approximately 94% removal efficiency within 240 min of irradiation. Futhermore, the photocatalytic activity of the Ag/BiVO<sub>4</sub> catalyst under 40 W LED was higher than that under 300 W Xenon light, highlighting the advantage of LED illumination, which combines high activity with lower operating costs compared to Xenon lamps. The improvement in photocatalytic peformance of Ag/BiVO<sub>4</sub> is primarily attributed to the localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) effect of Ag nanoparticles, which facilitates the electron/hole separation and electrons promotes transfer for production of •O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> radicals, thus improving the overall photocatalytic activity. The research also investigates the mechanism of the reaction, the stability of the catalyst and provides insights into developing superior materials for treating persistent organic pollutants in wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117073"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117063
Wenjing Han , Ying Jin , Xiaoyi Liu , Zhe Qiu , Ruimin Zhang , Shengda Liu , Jiayin Zhan , Guixia Liu , Jinxian Wang , Xiangting Dong
Mn4+-activated fluoride phosphors have been widely recognized as critical performance-compensating materials for white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), as they enable the emission of red light with high visibility. The Ba3Al2F12: Mn4+ red phosphor synthesized in this work exhibited maximum emission intensity at 628 nm under 455 nm excitation, with an optimal Mn4+ doping concentration of 0.07. Upon introducing Zn2+ as a charge-compensation ion, the red emission intensity was enhanced by approximately 3.08 times. Furthermore, the luminescence intensity of this red phosphor remained at approximately 80% of its initial magnitude after being immersed in water for 6 h, which was about 20% higher compared to that of Ba3Al2F12: Mn4+. Additionally, the thermal stability of the phosphor was systematically evaluated. When the temperature reached 473 K, the phosphor retained 85.56% of its initial luminescent intensity measured at 298 K, demonstrating a substantially enhanced thermal stability. When this red phosphor was integrated with blue chips and commercially available yellow phosphors into a lighting device, it demonstrated outstanding performance, highlighting its promising potential application in white light LEDs and backlight display technologies.
{"title":"Charge compensation to enhance the performance of Mn4+-doped Ba3Al2F12 red phosphor and its applications in warm WLEDs and backlight LEDs","authors":"Wenjing Han , Ying Jin , Xiaoyi Liu , Zhe Qiu , Ruimin Zhang , Shengda Liu , Jiayin Zhan , Guixia Liu , Jinxian Wang , Xiangting Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mn<sup>4+</sup>-activated fluoride phosphors have been widely recognized as critical performance-compensating materials for white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), as they enable the emission of red light with high visibility. The Ba<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>F<sub>12</sub>: Mn<sup>4+</sup> red phosphor synthesized in this work exhibited maximum emission intensity at 628 nm under 455 nm excitation, with an optimal Mn<sup>4+</sup> doping concentration of 0.07. Upon introducing Zn<sup>2+</sup> as a charge-compensation ion, the red emission intensity was enhanced by approximately 3.08 times. Furthermore, the luminescence intensity of this red phosphor remained at approximately 80% of its initial magnitude after being immersed in water for 6 h, which was about 20% higher compared to that of Ba<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>F<sub>12</sub>: Mn<sup>4+</sup>. Additionally, the thermal stability of the phosphor was systematically evaluated. When the temperature reached 473 K, the phosphor retained 85.56% of its initial luminescent intensity measured at 298 K, demonstrating a substantially enhanced thermal stability. When this red phosphor was integrated with blue chips and commercially available yellow phosphors into a lighting device, it demonstrated outstanding performance, highlighting its promising potential application in white light LEDs and backlight display technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117063"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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