Pub Date : 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116336
Meliha Kutluca Alici
Cadmium is extensively utilized in various fields, mostly in industry and agriculture. Cadmium contamination of food, water, and soil can lead to major issues, like metabolic diseases and environmental degradation. The detection of cadmium is important due to these problems. In this study, an uncomplicated, efficient, and reversible fluorogenic sensor, HQM (2-amino-3-(((8-hydroxyquinolin-7-yl)methylene)amino)maleonitrile), composed of 7-formyl-8-hydroxyquinoline linked to diaminomalonitrile, was created for the determination of Cd2+. the sensor exhibited high selectivity for Cd2+ among various metal ions. The detection limit of HQM for Cd2+ was calculated as 0.25 µM. Application experiments on soil, foodstuffs, and living cells demonstrated the effective in-situ detection capabilities of HQM for Cd2+, indicating its promising potential for simple, rapid, and in-situ monitoring of Cd2+ in solutions.
{"title":"8-Hydroxyquinoline based novel fluorogenic sensor for Sensitive and selective Cd2+ detection and its Applications: Soil, Foodstuffs, smartphone and living cell","authors":"Meliha Kutluca Alici","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium is extensively utilized in various fields, mostly in industry and agriculture. Cadmium contamination of food, water, and soil can lead to major issues, like metabolic diseases and environmental degradation. The detection of cadmium is important due to these problems. In this study, an uncomplicated, efficient, and reversible fluorogenic sensor, <strong>HQM</strong> (2-amino-3-(((8-hydroxyquinolin-7-yl)methylene)amino)maleonitrile), composed of 7-formyl-8-hydroxyquinoline linked to diaminomalonitrile, was created for the determination of Cd<sup>2+</sup>. the sensor exhibited high selectivity for Cd<sup>2+</sup> among various metal ions. The detection limit of <strong>HQM</strong> for Cd<sup>2+</sup> was calculated as 0.25 µM. Application experiments on soil, foodstuffs, and living cells demonstrated the effective in-situ detection capabilities of <strong>HQM</strong> for Cd<sup>2+</sup>, indicating its promising potential for simple, rapid, and in-situ monitoring of Cd<sup>2+</sup> in solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 116336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiSeX (X = Cl, Br, I) belongs to the V–VI–VII compounds, known for their high dielectric constants, ferroelectric properties, excellent photoconductivity, and well-suited valence bands. In this study, we successfully synthesized a series of BiSeX compounds through a simple hydrothermal method. We then combined varying amounts of graphene oxide (GO) with BiSeX in an autoclave, heating the mixture at 100 °C for 4 h to create the binary composite photocatalyst BiSeX/GO. The resulting products were extensively characterized using XRD, SEM-EDS, DR-UV, GC, BET, PL, UV–Vis-NIR, and HR-XPS techniques. To assess the photocatalytic efficiency of BiSeX and BiSeX/GO, these catalysts were tested for the degradation of the organic pollutant crystal violet (CV), yielding significant outcomes. BiSeCl/GO-25 wt% demonstrated exceptional effectiveness in degrading CV dyes, achieving a maximum reaction rate constant (k) of 0.0465 h−1. Additionally, the photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into chemical fuels offers a promising strategy to tackle escalating environmental issues and holds potential for renewable energy development. Our research revealed that selenium vacancies in BiSeX act as adsorption sites, significantly enhancing electron transfer at the interface, resulting in high activity and selectivity for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic activity of selenium vacancy in BiSeX and BiSeX/GO (X = Cl、Br、I) photocatalysts","authors":"Yu-Yun Lin, Hong-Han Huang, Shiuh-Tsuen Huang, Fu-Yu Liu, Jia-Hao Lin, Chiing-Chang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>BiSeX (X = Cl, Br, I) belongs to the V–VI–VII compounds, known for their high dielectric constants, ferroelectric properties, excellent photoconductivity, and well-suited valence bands. In this study, we successfully synthesized a series of BiSeX compounds through a simple hydrothermal method. We then combined varying amounts of graphene oxide (GO) with BiSeX in an autoclave, heating the mixture at 100 °C for 4 h to create the binary composite photocatalyst BiSeX/GO. The resulting products were extensively characterized using XRD, SEM-EDS, DR-UV, GC, BET, PL, UV–Vis-NIR, and HR-XPS techniques. To assess the photocatalytic efficiency of BiSeX and BiSeX/GO, these catalysts were tested for the degradation of the organic pollutant crystal violet (CV), yielding significant outcomes. BiSeCl/GO-25 wt% demonstrated exceptional effectiveness in degrading CV dyes, achieving a maximum reaction rate constant (<em>k</em>) of 0.0465 h<sup>−1</sup>. Additionally, the photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into chemical fuels offers a promising strategy to tackle escalating environmental issues and holds potential for renewable energy development. Our research revealed that selenium vacancies in BiSeX act as adsorption sites, significantly enhancing electron transfer at the interface, resulting in high activity and selectivity for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 116330"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the environment has caused global concerns due to their adverse effects on living organisms. Photocatalysts have emerged as a suitable solution for this problem. The present study introduces an innovative approach in which a magnetic ternary heterojunction photocatalyst based on spinel zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4), tri-cobalt tetraoxide (Co3O4), and bentonite was synthesized. The photocatalytic degradation of naphthalene was carried out by ZnFe2O4-bentonite-Co3O4 under solar irradiation. The effects of six operating conditions including photolysis, adsorption, type of catalyst, dosage of photocatalyst, initial naphthalene concentration, and initial pH value were checked experimentally. Under optimized conditions, the ZnFe2O4-bentonite-Co3O4 heterojunction photocatalyst could altogether remove naphthalene. In addition, a high potential was observed in the practical application of the ZnFe2O4-bentonite-Co3O4 system for the degradation of naphthalene in tap water, seawater, wastewater and soil contaminated with naphthalene. The impact of irrigation on the growth of wheat plants was evaluated. It was proved that the ZnFe2O4-bentonite-Co3O4 system could degrade naphthalene into non-toxic intermediates, and the seed germination rate was even higher using treated water compared to distilled water. Quench experiments determined that all the active species participated in the photodegradation of naphthalene over ZnFe2O4-bentonite-Co3O4, and based on the findings, the S-scheme mechanism was proposed. The reusability of ZnFe2O4-bentonite-Co3O4 magnetic photocatalyst was examined and approximately 16% decrease in naphthalene degradation efficiency was observed after three consecutive runs. Overall, this study opened a new perspective for the practical application of magnetic heterojunction photocatalysts in the degradation of persistent organic pollutants in aqueous solutions and soil.
{"title":"A novel S-scheme heterojunction magnetic photocatalyst for enhanced degradation of naphthalene in various aqueous solutions and soil","authors":"Moones Honarmand , Ahmad Aryafar , Seyede Sajedeh Rezaei , Atena Naeimi","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the environment has caused global concerns due to their adverse effects on living organisms. Photocatalysts have emerged as a suitable solution for this problem. The present study introduces an innovative approach in which a magnetic ternary heterojunction photocatalyst based on spinel zinc ferrite (ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>), tri-cobalt tetraoxide (Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>), and bentonite was synthesized. The photocatalytic degradation of naphthalene was carried out by ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-bentonite-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> under solar irradiation. The effects of six operating conditions including photolysis, adsorption, type of catalyst, dosage of photocatalyst, initial naphthalene concentration, and initial pH value were checked experimentally. Under optimized conditions, the ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-bentonite-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterojunction photocatalyst could altogether remove naphthalene. In addition, a high potential was observed in the practical application of the ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-bentonite-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> system for the degradation of naphthalene in tap water, seawater, wastewater and soil contaminated with naphthalene. The impact of irrigation on the growth of wheat plants was evaluated. It was proved that the ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-bentonite-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> system could degrade naphthalene into non-toxic intermediates, and the seed germination rate was even higher using treated water compared to distilled water. Quench experiments determined that all the active species participated in the photodegradation of naphthalene over ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-bentonite-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and based on the findings, the S-scheme mechanism was proposed. The reusability of ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-bentonite-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> magnetic photocatalyst was examined and approximately 16% decrease in naphthalene degradation efficiency was observed after three consecutive runs. Overall, this study opened a new perspective for the practical application of magnetic heterojunction photocatalysts in the degradation of persistent organic pollutants in aqueous solutions and soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 116314"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photocatalysts TiO2@UiO-66-(OH)2 was successfully synthesized via an impregnation method for removal of formaldehyde under high pressure mercury lamp irradiation, and the photocatalysts were characterized by using a variety of analytical techniques. The characterized results indicated that TiO2 was attached to the surface of UiO-66-(OH)2, and there was a strong electronic interaction between the elements of TiO2 and UiO-66-(OH)2 in the composite. The synergistic combination of high adsorption capacity of UiO-66-(OH)2, high dispersion of TiO2 and efficient interfacial charge transfer between UiO-66-(OH)2 and TiO2 have a significant impact on the enhanced photocatalytic performance for formaldehyde removal. And the hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) and superoxide radicals (⋅O2−) also play a major role in removal of formaldehyde. The formaldehyde removal rate of 20TiO2@UO (1 g 0.15 m3) is 83.01 % within 5.5 h, if the removal time is extended to 24 h, the formaldehyde removal rate can reach 91.49 %, and the continuous photocatalytic reaction showed that the composite is a highly stable catalyst. This could provide a useful method for highly efficient formaldehyde in indoor air purification.
{"title":"The application of TiO2@UiO-66-(OH)2 composites for the photocatalytic degradation of gaseous formaldehyde under visible light","authors":"Mengyao Hua, Siyi Wang, Meng Cheng, Guangming Liang, Lei Xu, Yafen Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalysts TiO<sub>2</sub>@UiO-66-(OH)<sub>2</sub> was successfully synthesized via an impregnation method for removal of formaldehyde under high pressure mercury lamp irradiation, and the photocatalysts were characterized by using a variety of analytical techniques. The characterized results indicated that TiO<sub>2</sub> was attached to the surface of UiO-66-(OH)<sub>2</sub>, and there was a strong electronic interaction between the elements of TiO<sub>2</sub> and UiO-66-(OH)<sub>2</sub> in the composite. The synergistic combination of high adsorption capacity of UiO-66-(OH)<sub>2</sub>, high dispersion of TiO<sub>2</sub> and efficient interfacial charge transfer between UiO-66-(OH)<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> have a significant impact on the enhanced photocatalytic performance for formaldehyde removal. And the hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) and superoxide radicals (⋅O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) also play a major role in removal of formaldehyde. The formaldehyde removal rate of 20TiO<sub>2</sub>@UO (1 g 0.15 m<sup>3</sup>) is 83.01 % within 5.5 h, if the removal time is extended to 24 h, the formaldehyde removal rate can reach 91.49 %, and the continuous photocatalytic reaction showed that the composite is a highly stable catalyst. This could provide a useful method for highly efficient formaldehyde in indoor air purification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 116328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnesium-based layered double hydroxides (MgM-LDHs, M = Al, Ga, In) were synthesized by one-step coprecipitation method, which is a simple and mass-production method. The catalytic performance of MgAl-LDHs, MgGa-LDHs and MgIn-LDHs in the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and tetracycline hydrochloride) was systematically investigated. The results showed that the photocatalytic activities of MgAl-LDHs, MgGa-LDHs and MgIn-LDHs were comparable, but MgAl-LDHs exhibited superior degradation efficiency of antibiotics. Through control experiments, the possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics by MgAl-LDHs was elucidated. Furthermore, it was observed that the adsorption of phosphorus compounds by MgAl-LDHs significantly enhances its photocatalytic activity in degrading ciprofloxacin. This finding suggests that incorporating phosphorus compounds into MgAl-LDHs can improve their efficacy in water pollution control. Overall, our work extends the application scope of MgM-LDHs (M = Al, Ga, In) and underscore the significance of active participation in water pollution control research to mitigate adverse effects on human health.
{"title":"A new application for simultaneous phosphorus compounds removal and antibiotics degradation over magnesium-based layered double hydroxides","authors":"Yanhui Zhang, Hao Zhou, Yisha Zheng, Wenlong Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnesium-based layered double hydroxides (MgM-LDHs, M = Al, Ga, In) were synthesized by one-step coprecipitation method, which is a simple and mass-production method. The catalytic performance of MgAl-LDHs, MgGa-LDHs and MgIn-LDHs in the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and tetracycline hydrochloride) was systematically investigated. The results showed that the photocatalytic activities of MgAl-LDHs, MgGa-LDHs and MgIn-LDHs were comparable, but MgAl-LDHs exhibited superior degradation efficiency of antibiotics. Through control experiments, the possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics by MgAl-LDHs was elucidated. Furthermore, it was observed that the adsorption of phosphorus compounds by MgAl-LDHs significantly enhances its photocatalytic activity in degrading ciprofloxacin. This finding suggests that incorporating phosphorus compounds into MgAl-LDHs can improve their efficacy in water pollution control. Overall, our work extends the application scope of MgM-LDHs (M = Al, Ga, In) and underscore the significance of active participation in water pollution control research to mitigate adverse effects on human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 116329"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For efficient photocatalytic water splitting, it is needed to accelerate O2 evolution process which is a rate-limiting step. We studied systematically to elucidate key factors for enhancing the O2 evolution of Na+-doped SrTiO3. By using a commercially available SrTiO3 (STO(C)), the optimal synthetic condition was determined. As substrates for the doping, we synthesized STO by hydrothermal methods (HT) under various temperatures. All particles of HT(180°C) were near-spherical but many cubic particles were obtained for HT(200 °C). The optimal Na+-doping amount for both HT samples was 4.0 atom% whereas 2.0 atom% for STO(C). Their O2 evolution rates were compared in relation to their physical properties such as the crystallite size, the specific surface area, and the chemical composition of the surface. In X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the ratio of lattice oxygen to adsorbed oxygen on the surface is varied depending on the substrates and the Na+-doping amounts but is obtained to be 7: 3 for Na(2.0)-STO(C), Na(4.0)-HT(180 °C), and Na(4.0)-HT(200 °C). The O2 evolution rate of Na(2.0)-STO(C) is higher than that of Na(4.0)-HT(200 °C) or Na(4.0)-HT(180°C) by a factor of 1.8 or 3.2, respectively. The highest O2 evolution rate observed with Na(2.0)-STO(C) is attributable to the largest crystalline size (75.6 nm). Furthermore, it is likely that more oxygen vacancy is formed on Na(2.0)-STO(C) because the binding energies of the Ti2p and Olattice peaks in XPS shifted significantly to lower energies.
{"title":"Factors affecting photocatalytic oxygen evolution over SrTiO3","authors":"Suzuko Yamazaki , Haruka Munesada , Narumi Mori , Yoshihisa Sakata","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For efficient photocatalytic water splitting, it is needed to accelerate O<sub>2</sub> evolution process which is a rate-limiting step. We studied systematically to elucidate key factors for enhancing the O<sub>2</sub> evolution of Na<sup>+</sup>-doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub>. By using a commercially available SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (STO(C)), the optimal synthetic condition was determined. As substrates for the doping, we synthesized STO by hydrothermal methods (HT) under various temperatures. All particles of HT(180°C) were near-spherical but many cubic particles were obtained for HT(200 °C). The optimal Na<sup>+</sup>-doping amount for both HT samples was 4.0 atom% whereas 2.0 atom% for STO(C). Their O<sub>2</sub> evolution rates were compared in relation to their physical properties such as the crystallite size, the specific surface area, and the chemical composition of the surface. In X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the ratio of lattice oxygen to adsorbed oxygen on the surface is varied depending on the substrates and the Na<sup>+</sup>-doping amounts but is obtained to be 7: 3 for Na(2.0)-STO(C), Na(4.0)-HT(180 °C), and Na(4.0)-HT(200 °C). The O<sub>2</sub> evolution rate of Na(2.0)-STO(C) is higher than that of Na(4.0)-HT(200 °C) or Na(4.0)-HT(180°C) by a factor of 1.8 or 3.2, respectively. The highest O<sub>2</sub> evolution rate observed with Na(2.0)-STO(C) is attributable to the largest crystalline size (75.6 nm). Furthermore, it is likely that more oxygen vacancy is formed on Na(2.0)-STO(C) because the binding energies of the Ti2p and O<sub>lattice</sub> peaks in XPS shifted significantly to lower energies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 116319"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Na5Gd1−x(MoO4)4:xSm3+ (x = 0–0.12) phosphors were synthesized via a high-temperature solid-state technique. Comprehensive analysis was performed on the phase purity, crystal structure, luminescence behavior, and thermal stability of the phosphors. Under excitation at 405 nm, due to the 4G5/2-6Hi (i = 5/2, 7/2, 9/2, and 11/2) transitions of Sm3+ ions, the phosphors emit relatively intense red light. Remarkably, at 150 °C, the integrated emission intensity of Na5Gd0.92(MoO4)4:0.08Sm3+ attains 96 % of its value at ambient temperature, demonstrating its excellent thermal stability. A LED light source is created using a commercial 405 nm LED chip and Na5Gd0.92(MoO4)4:0.08Sm3+ phosphor, emitting a vibrant red light. Its electroluminescence spectrum overlaps with the absorption peaks of plant chlorophyll a/b and the phytochrome PR/PFR spectra, indicating its potential for use in plant growth lighting applications.
{"title":"Na5Gd(MoO4)4: Sm3+ – A red molybdate phosphor with exceptional thermal stability for plant growth lighting","authors":"Haochang Ye , Wei Zhang , Xuxin Cheng , Zhengfa Hu , Xia Sheng , Wei Xie , Zuyong Feng , Lanwei Qiu , Guangting Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Na<sub>5</sub>Gd<sub>1−x</sub>(MoO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>:xSm<sup>3+</sup> (x = 0–0.12) phosphors were synthesized via a high-temperature solid-state technique. Comprehensive analysis was performed on the phase purity, crystal structure, luminescence behavior, and thermal stability of the phosphors. Under excitation at 405 nm, due to the <sup>4</sup>G<sub>5/2</sub>-<sup>6</sup>H<sub>i</sub> (i = 5/2, 7/2, 9/2, and 11/2) transitions of Sm<sup>3+</sup> ions, the phosphors emit relatively intense red light. Remarkably, at 150 °C, the integrated emission intensity of Na<sub>5</sub>Gd<sub>0.92</sub>(MoO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>:0.08Sm<sup>3+</sup> attains 96 % of its value at ambient temperature, demonstrating its excellent thermal stability. A LED light source is created using a commercial 405 nm LED chip and Na<sub>5</sub>Gd<sub>0.92</sub>(MoO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>:0.08Sm<sup>3+</sup> phosphor, emitting a vibrant red light. Its electroluminescence spectrum overlaps with the absorption peaks of plant chlorophyll <em>a</em>/<em>b</em> and the phytochrome P<sub>R</sub>/P<sub>FR</sub> spectra, indicating its potential for use in plant growth lighting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"463 ","pages":"Article 116307"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116315
Rchid Kacimi , Roland Hayn , Imam Makhfudz , Ahmed Azaid , Lahcen Bejjit , Mohammed Bouachrine
This research project focused on the modeling and analysis of novel hole-transporting materials (HTMs) using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time-Dependent (TD-DFT). The study included the VNMR reference compound and newly proposed chromophores (VNM1–VNM5), designed with triarylamine cores and thiophene-linked end-capped acceptors. The investigation aimed to evaluate their optoelectronic, nonlinear optical (NLO), photovoltaic, and optical properties, with the goal of establishing these HTMs as cost-effective candidates for highly efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The results indicate that these HTMs exhibit better planarity, lower Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) energies, and enhanced solubility, alongside a narrower energy band gap (Egap) ranging from 1.61 to 1.27 eV, compared to the reference VNMR (1.95 eV) in the gas phase. In ethanol solvent, the Egap for VNMR is 1.85 eV, while it ranges from 1.44 to 1.10 eV for VNM1–VNM5. These properties enable efficient hole extraction and solution processing, improving hole transport from the perovskite layer and leading to higher open-circuit voltages (0.18 V–0.33 V) than the reference molecule (0.17 V). The electron and hole reorganization energies range from 0.105 eV to 0.179 eV and 0.041 eV to 0.054 eV, respectively, suggesting improved hole mobility for PSCs. Additionally, all designed HTMs showed better fill factors (0.62–0.74) compared to the reference molecule (0.61). The findings indicate that the VNM1–VNM5 molecules are promising HTMs for the production of high-performance PSCs, with potential future applications in the organic solar cells industry.
{"title":"Designing small push-pull chromophores hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and organic solar cells with optimum performance","authors":"Rchid Kacimi , Roland Hayn , Imam Makhfudz , Ahmed Azaid , Lahcen Bejjit , Mohammed Bouachrine","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research project focused on the modeling and analysis of novel hole-transporting materials (HTMs) using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time-Dependent (TD-DFT). The study included the VNMR reference compound and newly proposed chromophores (VNM1–VNM5), designed with triarylamine cores and thiophene-linked end-capped acceptors. The investigation aimed to evaluate their optoelectronic, nonlinear optical (NLO), photovoltaic, and optical properties, with the goal of establishing these HTMs as cost-effective candidates for highly efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The results indicate that these HTMs exhibit better planarity, lower Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) energies, and enhanced solubility, alongside a narrower energy band gap (E<sub>gap</sub>) ranging from 1.61 to 1.27 eV, compared to the reference VNMR (1.95 eV) in the gas phase. In ethanol solvent, the <em>E<sub>gap</sub></em> for VNMR is 1.85 eV, while it ranges from 1.44 to 1.10 eV for VNM1–VNM5. These properties enable efficient hole extraction and solution processing, improving hole transport from the perovskite layer and leading to higher open-circuit voltages (0.18 V–0.33 V) than the reference molecule (0.17 V). The electron and hole reorganization energies range from 0.105 eV to 0.179 eV and 0.041 eV to 0.054 eV, respectively, suggesting improved hole mobility for PSCs. Additionally, all designed HTMs showed better fill factors (0.62–0.74) compared to the reference molecule (0.61). The findings indicate that the VNM1–VNM5 molecules are promising HTMs for the production of high-performance PSCs, with potential future applications in the organic solar cells industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 116315"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116305
Diego González-Torres , Daniel Zúñiga-Núñez , Nory Mariño-Ocampo , Martín Canals Díaz , Constanza Muñoz , Daniel Guerra Díaz , Marco Soto-Arriaza , Denis Fuentealba
Switchable supramolecular photosensitizers have the potential to be more potent and decrease common side effects of photodynamic therapy such as patient’s sensitivity to ambient light. Combining this supramolecular strategy with a cancer-targeting strategy would also improve selectivity towards tumoral cells. In this work, we take advantage of the strong binding ability of cucurbit[8]uril towards cationic photosensitizer methylene blue. Encapsulation of two molecules of methylene blue inside the cavity of cucurbit[8]uril leads to strong quenching of its photoactivity, particularly the generation of singlet oxygen. In order to release selectively the photosensitizer, we synthesized a new memantine-biotin conjugate that is able to cross a liposomal bilayer as a model for a biological membrane and bind to cucurbit[8]uril releasing the photosensitizer. This phenomenon leads to a sizable boost in singlet oxygen generation. In vitro phototoxicity studies in tumoral cells show a significant difference in cell killing after the addition of the memantine-biotin displacing agent. These studies have important potential for more selective photodynamic therapy of cancer.
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Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116286
Mhejabeen Sayed
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) plays a vital role as a signalling molecule in numerous physiological functions, and imbalances in ATP levels are associated with various diseases. As a result, considerable attention has been directed toward its detection. Herein, a new small molecule–metal-based ensemble is developed for ATP detection in pure water, utilizing the inexpensive commercially available probe 1′-hydroxy-2′-acetonaphthone (1H2AN) and Cu2+ ion. In this system, the Cu2+ ion quenches the fluorescence of 1H2AN and induces a remarkable red shift (∼24 nm) in the absorption peak. Upon ATP addition, the 1H2AN-Cu2+ ensemble exhibits ratiometric changes in absorption and fluorescence turn-on response, attributed to the strong coordination ability between ATP and Cu2+ ion. This sensor system demonstrates an impressive detection limit as low as 0.36 μM. This system is simple yet highly sensitive, operating in water with dual-wavelength responses. Additionally, employing the commercial probe offers advantages over synthetic alternatives, saving both time and resources. The fluorescence off–on switching of 1H2AN with Cu2+ and ATP facilitated the construction of an IMPLICATION logic gate. Importantly, the 1H2AN-Cu2+ ensemble was effective in quantifying ATP in 0.15 M NaCl (mimicking physiological conditions), and in diluted human urine, demonstrating its promise for real bioanalytical applications. The current study highlights the potential of small molecule–metal-based complexes for ATP sensing and future biosensing platforms.
{"title":"Highly sensitive, label-free ATP detection using a small molecule–metal-based ensemble with a ratiometric absorption and fluorescence light-up approach","authors":"Mhejabeen Sayed","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) plays a vital role as a signalling molecule in numerous physiological functions, and imbalances in ATP levels are associated with various diseases. As a result, considerable attention has been directed toward its detection. Herein, a new small molecule–metal-based ensemble is developed for ATP detection in pure water, utilizing the inexpensive commercially available probe 1′-hydroxy-2′-acetonaphthone (1H2AN) and Cu<sup>2+</sup> ion. In this system, the Cu<sup>2+</sup> ion quenches the fluorescence of 1H2AN and induces a remarkable red shift (∼24 nm) in the absorption peak. Upon ATP addition, the 1H2AN-Cu<sup>2+</sup> ensemble exhibits ratiometric changes in absorption and fluorescence turn-on response, attributed to the strong coordination ability between ATP and Cu<sup>2+</sup> ion. This sensor system demonstrates an impressive detection limit as low as 0.36 μM. This system is simple yet highly sensitive, operating in water with dual-wavelength responses. Additionally, employing the commercial probe offers advantages over synthetic alternatives, saving both time and resources. The fluorescence off–on switching of 1H2AN with Cu<sup>2+</sup> and ATP facilitated the construction of an IMPLICATION logic gate. Importantly, the 1H2AN-Cu<sup>2+</sup> ensemble was effective in quantifying ATP in 0.15 M NaCl (mimicking physiological conditions), and in diluted human urine, demonstrating its promise for real bioanalytical applications. The current study highlights the potential of small molecule–metal-based complexes for ATP sensing and future biosensing platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 116286"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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