Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117105
Shujuan Meng , Qianhui Yuan , Jing Yu , Yi Wang , Yuting Mi , Jianbo Ma , Jie Shi , Wenbo Lv , Ping Zhang , Junxi Liang , Yanbin Wang , Qiong Su
Flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates have garnered significant interest in recent years. However, their widespread application is often limited by the reliance on noble metals and complex fabrication processes, which increase overall cost. In this work, we demonstrate that commercially available carbon cloth (CCC), without any treatment or modification, can sever directly as an effective and flexible SERS substrate for detecting organic molecules like rhodamine 6G (R6G). The CCC substrate achieves a detection limit of ∼10−6 mol/L for R6G while exhibiting excellent recyclability and stability. We attribute the observed SERS activity primarily to a chemical enhancement mechanism, facilitated by the amorphous surface structure of CCC and its naturally formed nitrogen- and oxygen-containing function groups. This study highlights the potential of carbon-based materials and could inspire further exploration of low-cost, flexible SERS platforms.
{"title":"Commercial carbon cloth as a metal-free and flexible SERS substrate for detection of organic molecules","authors":"Shujuan Meng , Qianhui Yuan , Jing Yu , Yi Wang , Yuting Mi , Jianbo Ma , Jie Shi , Wenbo Lv , Ping Zhang , Junxi Liang , Yanbin Wang , Qiong Su","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates have garnered significant interest in recent years. However, their widespread application is often limited by the reliance on noble metals and complex fabrication processes, which increase overall cost. In this work, we demonstrate that commercially available carbon cloth (CCC), without any treatment or modification, can sever directly as an effective and flexible SERS substrate for detecting organic molecules like rhodamine 6G (R6G). The CCC substrate achieves a detection limit of ∼10<sup>−6</sup> mol/L for R6G while exhibiting excellent recyclability and stability. We attribute the observed SERS activity primarily to a chemical enhancement mechanism, facilitated by the amorphous surface structure of CCC and its naturally formed nitrogen- and oxygen-containing function groups. This study highlights the potential of carbon-based materials and could inspire further exploration of low-cost, flexible SERS platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117105"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Four zinc 31-demethyl-bacteriopheophorbides-d possessing methoxy/hexyloxycarbonyl groups at the 7- and 172-positions along the molecular x-axis were prepared by chemical modification of naturally occurring chlorophyll-b. The synthetic compounds were monomeric states in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to give Soret and Qy bands at longer and shorter wavelengths, respectively, than those of the 7-methyl counterpart. The changes in the electronic absorption spectra were ascribable to the electronegativity of the 7-substituents. In 1% (v/v) THF and decane, the zinc 31-hydroxy-131-oxo-chlorins self-aggregated along the molecular y-axis to exhibit broadened and red-shifted Soret and Qy bands along with intense circular dichroism bands, compared to their monomeric bands. These spectral behaviors were comparable to those of bacteriochlorophyll-d self-aggregates in the major light-harvesting antenna of photosynthetic green bacteria (chlorosomes). After standing the decane solution at 25 °C, the supramolecular structure of the self-aggregate of the 7-hexyl/172-methyl-esterified homolog was transformed into another assembly with more tolerant to deaggregation, whereas the other three homologs did not alter their self-aggregate supramolecules. This specific transformation was due to the hydrophobic interaction of the hexyl group in the 7-substituent with the lipophilic decane solvent and less interaction of the methyl group in the 17-propionate residue with decane. The supramolecular transformation was dependent on the solvent hydrophobicity and viscosity and occurred through an autocatalytic process.
{"title":"Synthesis of bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs with peripheral 7,172-bis(alkoxycarbonyl) groups and their substituent-dependent self-aggregation in lipophilic alkanes","authors":"Tomohiro Miyatake , Takafumi Yuasa , Kokoro Sakakibara , Hitoshi Tamiaki","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Four zinc 3<sup>1</sup>-demethyl-bacteriopheophorbides-<em>d</em> possessing methoxy/hexyloxycarbonyl groups at the 7- and 17<sup>2</sup>-positions along the molecular x-axis were prepared by chemical modification of naturally occurring chlorophyll-<em>b</em>. The synthetic compounds were monomeric states in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to give Soret and Qy bands at longer and shorter wavelengths, respectively, than those of the 7-methyl counterpart. The changes in the electronic absorption spectra were ascribable to the electronegativity of the 7-substituents. In 1% (<em>v</em>/<em>v</em>) THF and decane, the zinc 3<sup>1</sup>-hydroxy-13<sup>1</sup>-oxo-chlorins self-aggregated along the molecular y-axis to exhibit broadened and red-shifted Soret and Qy bands along with intense circular dichroism bands, compared to their monomeric bands. These spectral behaviors were comparable to those of bacteriochlorophyll-<em>d</em> self-aggregates in the major light-harvesting antenna of photosynthetic green bacteria (chlorosomes). After standing the decane solution at 25 °C, the supramolecular structure of the self-aggregate of the 7-hexyl/17<sup>2</sup>-methyl-esterified homolog was transformed into another assembly with more tolerant to deaggregation, whereas the other three homologs did not alter their self-aggregate supramolecules. This specific transformation was due to the hydrophobic interaction of the hexyl group in the 7-substituent with the lipophilic decane solvent and less interaction of the methyl group in the 17-propionate residue with decane. The supramolecular transformation was dependent on the solvent hydrophobicity and viscosity and occurred through an autocatalytic process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117092"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117087
Safiyyah A.H. Al-Waleedy , Esam A. Orabi , Etify A. Bakhite , Walid Sharmoukh , Osama Younis
A new series of pyridothienopyrimidinone derivatives (5a-i) was synthesized and structurally verified using elemental and spectral analyses. Their photophysical behaviors were systematically explored in various environments, across solvents of differing polarity (solvatochromism), in DMSO/water mixtures (Aggregation-induced emission, AIE), and in the solid state. Density functional theory calculations were also performed on these compounds to understand their photophysical properties. In DMSO, these compounds emitted blue–green fluorescence whose intensity and wavelength were strongly influenced by the substituents present. Solvatochromic analyses revealed bathochromic shifts in polar solvents, consistent with the presence of excited-state intramolecular charge transfer. AIE studies showed that compound 5b exhibited a marked spectral transformation with increasing water fraction, while 5c and 5f retained their spectral profiles but displayed notable intensity changes. In the solid state, all derivatives produced strong, excitation-independent photoluminescence (PL), with emission maxima spanning from 460 nm (5b) to 517 nm (5a). These findings demonstrate the pivotal role of substituents in tuning emission color and efficiency. Comparisons between solution and solid-state PL further underscored the influence of aggregation and molecular packing on luminescence behavior. Collectively, these insights enhance the understanding of structure–property relationships in pyridothienopyrimidinones and underscore their potential optoelectronic applications.
{"title":"From solvent polarity to molecular packing: photophysical insights into newly synthesized pyridothienopyrimidinone derivatives","authors":"Safiyyah A.H. Al-Waleedy , Esam A. Orabi , Etify A. Bakhite , Walid Sharmoukh , Osama Younis","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new series of pyridothienopyrimidinone derivatives (<strong>5a-i</strong>) was synthesized and structurally verified using elemental and spectral analyses. Their photophysical behaviors were systematically explored in various environments, across solvents of differing polarity (solvatochromism), in DMSO/water mixtures (Aggregation-induced emission, AIE), and in the solid state. Density functional theory calculations were also performed on these compounds to understand their photophysical properties. In DMSO, these compounds emitted blue–green fluorescence whose intensity and wavelength were strongly influenced by the substituents present. Solvatochromic analyses revealed bathochromic shifts in polar solvents, consistent with the presence of excited-state intramolecular charge transfer. AIE studies showed that compound <strong>5b</strong> exhibited a marked spectral transformation with increasing water fraction, while <strong>5c</strong> and <strong>5f</strong> retained their spectral profiles but displayed notable intensity changes. In the solid state, all derivatives produced strong, excitation-independent photoluminescence (PL), with emission maxima spanning from 460 nm (<strong>5b</strong>) to 517 nm (<strong>5a</strong>). These findings demonstrate the pivotal role of substituents in tuning emission color and efficiency. Comparisons between solution and solid-state PL further underscored the influence of aggregation and molecular packing on luminescence behavior. Collectively, these insights enhance the understanding of structure–property relationships in pyridothienopyrimidinones and underscore their potential optoelectronic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117087"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117091
Sohini Bhattacharya, Poulami Pal, Sujoy Baitalik
A new class of Rh(III)-complexes based on 4′-(p-triphenylphosphoniummethyl phenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine]bromide (tpy-PhCH2PPh3Br) ligand is designed herein. The complexes exhibit strong absorption within 300–370 nm range, attributed to intra-ligand charge transfer (ILCT) and π-π* transitions, as well as moderate emission at ∼430 nm possessing lifetimes of 1.5–20 ns at room temperature in DMSO. The complexes portray multiple quasi-reversible/irreversible waves in between −0.78 and − 2.03 V, due to reduction of Rh(III) to Rh(I) and terpyridine units, while an irreversible Rh(III)/Rh(IV) oxidation within the potential domain of 1.35–1.42 V. Remarkable augmentation in both absorption (visible-NIR domain) and emission (visible region) spectral characteristics is achieved in presence of specific anions such as F−, AcO−, and H2PO4−. In essence, the complexes act as multi-channel receptors of selected anions. Moreover, switching of absorption in between UV and NIR region is made feasible upon alternate treatment of the fluoride ion and acid. The spectral responses were also employed to imitate the Boolean logic operations of TRANSFER YES, 2-input 2-output OR and INHIBIT logic gates. In conjunction with experimental demonstration, theoretical calculations involving density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent (TD)-DFT are executed for appropriate assignment of the spectral bands and to visualize the mode of receptor-anion interplay.
{"title":"Anion- and acid-induced absorption and emission switching in rhodium(III)-terpyridine complexes","authors":"Sohini Bhattacharya, Poulami Pal, Sujoy Baitalik","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new class of Rh(III)-complexes based on 4′-(<em>p</em>-triphenylphosphoniummethyl phenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine]bromide (tpy-PhCH<sub>2</sub>PPh<sub>3</sub>Br) ligand is designed herein. The complexes exhibit strong absorption within 300–370 nm range, attributed to intra-ligand charge transfer (ILCT) and π-π* transitions, as well as moderate emission at ∼430 nm possessing lifetimes of 1.5–20 ns at room temperature in DMSO. The complexes portray multiple quasi-reversible/irreversible waves in between −0.78 and − 2.03 V, due to reduction of Rh(III) to Rh(I) and terpyridine units, while an irreversible Rh(III)/Rh(IV) oxidation within the potential domain of 1.35–1.42 V. Remarkable augmentation in both absorption (visible-NIR domain) and emission (visible region) spectral characteristics is achieved in presence of specific anions such as F<sup>−</sup>, AcO<sup>−</sup>, and H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup>. In essence, the complexes act as multi-channel receptors of selected anions. Moreover, switching of absorption in between UV and NIR region is made feasible upon alternate treatment of the fluoride ion and acid. The spectral responses were also employed to imitate the Boolean logic operations of TRANSFER YES, 2-input 2-output OR and INHIBIT logic gates. In conjunction with experimental demonstration, theoretical calculations involving density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent (TD)-DFT are executed for appropriate assignment of the spectral bands and to visualize the mode of receptor-anion interplay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117091"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117086
Dongyu Wang , Xiaolu Liu , Wenjie Zheng , Jie Li , Weipeng Lai , Xiaoying Liang , Yu Bai , Chengqun Xu
The Li and C co-doped polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) are successfully prepared using a facile calcination process. The construction of CC and LiN bonds, coupled with improved optical absorption, enhanced π bond delocalization and effective electron-hole pair separation, significantly advances the photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. The improved crystallinity, hydrophilicity and increased SBET are also beneficial for enhancing photocatalytic activity. As a result, the apparent quantum yield (AQY) of the optimal samples for H2 evolution achieves values of 19.6% at 450 nm, 13.0% at 500 nm, and 4.0% at 550 nm, far surpassing the majority of previously reported PCN-based photocatalysts. Additionally, NaCit and KCit are also incorporated into the PCN structure via similar synthetic routes, underscoring the versatility of the present approach. Our findings shed light on an effective co-doping design strategy to foster synergistic interactions in the development of high-efficiency light-harvesting semiconductors.
{"title":"Visible-light-driven Li/C co-doped PCN for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution","authors":"Dongyu Wang , Xiaolu Liu , Wenjie Zheng , Jie Li , Weipeng Lai , Xiaoying Liang , Yu Bai , Chengqun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Li and C <em>co</em>-doped polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) are successfully prepared using a facile calcination process. The construction of C<img>C and Li<img>N bonds, coupled with improved optical absorption, enhanced π bond delocalization and effective electron-hole pair separation, significantly advances the photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. The improved crystallinity, hydrophilicity and increased S<sub>BET</sub> are also beneficial for enhancing photocatalytic activity. As a result, the apparent quantum yield (AQY) of the optimal samples for H<sub>2</sub> evolution achieves values of 19.6% at 450 nm, 13.0% at 500 nm, and 4.0% at 550 nm, far surpassing the majority of previously reported PCN-based photocatalysts. Additionally, NaCit and KCit are also incorporated into the PCN structure via similar synthetic routes, underscoring the versatility of the present approach. Our findings shed light on an effective co-doping design strategy to foster synergistic interactions in the development of high-efficiency light-harvesting semiconductors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117099
Hongting Fan , Yasong Cao , Haowen Huang , Sanbao Wang , Muheman Li , Huhu Wang , Yong Li , Shuangyu Dong , Chunxuan Qi , Hai-Tao Feng , Hengchang Ma
The development of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active materials by incorporating twisted electron donating (D) and accepting (A) skeletons into molecular structure with intramolecular anion-π+ interaction is an effective way to improve their applications in the field of biological sensing and imaging. In this study, four pyridinium-type cationic photosensitizers (TPA-Pyr-Bn, -BSA, -BSP, and -BSM) were designed and synthesized. These compounds share the same triphenylamine (TPA) as electron donor and pyridinium (Pyr) as electron acceptor, while differing in their sulfonamide-functionalized terminal moieties. To elucidate the sulfonamide substituent effect on the anion-π+ framework, comprehensive and systematic investigations were conducted, such as AIE behavior, piezochromic properties, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency and cellular imaging performance as well as antibacterial efficacy. The sulfamide groups enhanced the polarity of the aggregated state, which not only boosted the AIE activity of the AIEgens and exerted a decisive effect on their solid-state emission, but also induced distinct multiple emission behaviors during the grinding and fuming processes. Furthermore, based on optical characterization and theoretical calculations, it was revealed that the tails of sulfonamide give rise to a negligible influence on the molecular aggregation style and the intrinsic molecular energy gaps. Additionally, cellular colocalization and antibacterial assays successfully demonstrated that these compounds are highly promising functional materials with great potentials in the biological applications.
{"title":"The study of sulfonamide-functionalized cationic fluorophores: internal optical mechanisms, tunable mechanochromism and self-reporting antimicrobial activity","authors":"Hongting Fan , Yasong Cao , Haowen Huang , Sanbao Wang , Muheman Li , Huhu Wang , Yong Li , Shuangyu Dong , Chunxuan Qi , Hai-Tao Feng , Hengchang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active materials by incorporating twisted electron donating (D) and accepting (A) skeletons into molecular structure with intramolecular anion-π<sup>+</sup> interaction is an effective way to improve their applications in the field of biological sensing and imaging. In this study, four pyridinium-type cationic photosensitizers (TPA-Pyr-Bn, -BSA, -BSP, and -BSM) were designed and synthesized. These compounds share the same triphenylamine (TPA) as electron donor and pyridinium (Pyr) as electron acceptor, while differing in their sulfonamide-functionalized terminal moieties. To elucidate the sulfonamide substituent effect on the anion-π<sup>+</sup> framework, comprehensive and systematic investigations were conducted, such as AIE behavior, piezochromic properties, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency and cellular imaging performance as well as antibacterial efficacy. The sulfamide groups enhanced the polarity of the aggregated state, which not only boosted the AIE activity of the AIEgens and exerted a decisive effect on their solid-state emission, but also induced distinct multiple emission behaviors during the grinding and fuming processes. Furthermore, based on optical characterization and theoretical calculations, it was revealed that the tails of sulfonamide give rise to a negligible influence on the molecular aggregation style and the intrinsic molecular energy gaps. Additionally, cellular colocalization and antibacterial assays successfully demonstrated that these compounds are highly promising functional materials with great potentials in the biological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117099"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117098
Hongxia Zhang , Junxin Huang , Ming Zhong , Fangzhen He , Na Dong , Bitao Su , Ziqiang Lei
To address the remediation needs of antibiotic-contaminated water, this study developed a highly efficient and stable novel photocatalyst. A 2D/3D S-scheme g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6 (CN/BMO) heterojunction was synthesized via a simple preparation method, with its core mechanism relying on the internal electric field (IEF) formed at the semiconductor interface. This field actively regulates the S-scheme charge transfer pathway, a process directly validated through a series of photoelectrochemical analyses: significantly quenched photoluminescence signals and shortened carrier lifetimes confirmed efficient interfacial recombination, while enhanced photocurrent responses and reduced electrochemical impedance indicated effective spatial separation of electron-hole pairs. The optimized carrier separation efficiency significantly improved the photocatalytic performance of the material. Under visible light irradiation, the degradation efficiency of tetracycline (TC) reached 85%, with degradation rates exceeding 80% for multiple antibiotic pollutants. Additionally, the material exhibited excellent stability in five consecutive cycling experiments. Mechanistic studies revealed that the synergistic effect of superoxide radicals () and photogenerated holes (h+) dominated the reaction process, as conclusively verified by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Degradation pathway analysis via mass spectrometry (MC-LS) demonstrated that TC primarily undergoes cleavage through demethylation, hydroxylation, and ring-opening reactions, with simultaneous assessment of the toxicity and ecological risks of reaction intermediates. This work provides new theoretical foundations and practical solutions for the photocatalytic removal of antibiotics in real water bodies.
{"title":"S-scheme g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6 heterojunction for enhanced adsorption and visible-light photocatalytic removal of antibiotics: mechanistic insights and transformation pathways","authors":"Hongxia Zhang , Junxin Huang , Ming Zhong , Fangzhen He , Na Dong , Bitao Su , Ziqiang Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the remediation needs of antibiotic-contaminated water, this study developed a highly efficient and stable novel photocatalyst. A 2D/3D S-scheme g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>6</sub> (CN/BMO) heterojunction was synthesized via a simple preparation method, with its core mechanism relying on the internal electric field (IEF) formed at the semiconductor interface. This field actively regulates the S-scheme charge transfer pathway, a process directly validated through a series of photoelectrochemical analyses: significantly quenched photoluminescence signals and shortened carrier lifetimes confirmed efficient interfacial recombination, while enhanced photocurrent responses and reduced electrochemical impedance indicated effective spatial separation of electron-hole pairs. The optimized carrier separation efficiency significantly improved the photocatalytic performance of the material. Under visible light irradiation, the degradation efficiency of tetracycline (TC) reached 85%, with degradation rates exceeding 80% for multiple antibiotic pollutants. Additionally, the material exhibited excellent stability in five consecutive cycling experiments. Mechanistic studies revealed that the synergistic effect of superoxide radicals (<span><math><mo>·</mo><msubsup><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup></math></span>) and photogenerated holes (h<sup>+</sup>) dominated the reaction process, as conclusively verified by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Degradation pathway analysis via mass spectrometry (MC-LS) demonstrated that TC primarily undergoes cleavage through demethylation, hydroxylation, and ring-opening reactions, with simultaneous assessment of the toxicity and ecological risks of reaction intermediates. This work provides new theoretical foundations and practical solutions for the photocatalytic removal of antibiotics in real water bodies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117098"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117095
Hai-Yan Li , Ling-Li Cai , Li-Li Wang , Wei-Zhen Tang , Xun-Guang Bian , Guo-Long Gu , Yong Nian , Ying Liu , Jin Wang
Hydrogen sulfide is a vital endogenous gaseous signaling molecule which exerts profound regulatory roles across a broad spectrum of physiological and pathological pathways. Herein, we devised an Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active fluorescent probe S via facile Schiff base condensation. The schiff base probe S exhibits a rapid response and low detection limit of 18 nM for H2S in aqueous solution. Furthermore, probe S exhibits versatile applications in information encryption and bio-imaging.
{"title":"An AIE-active probe for visual detection of H2S and bioimaging application","authors":"Hai-Yan Li , Ling-Li Cai , Li-Li Wang , Wei-Zhen Tang , Xun-Guang Bian , Guo-Long Gu , Yong Nian , Ying Liu , Jin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen sulfide is a vital endogenous gaseous signaling molecule which exerts profound regulatory roles across a broad spectrum of physiological and pathological pathways. Herein, we devised an Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active fluorescent probe <strong>S</strong> via facile Schiff base condensation. The schiff base probe <strong>S</strong> exhibits a rapid response and low detection limit of 18 nM for H<sub>2</sub>S in aqueous solution. Furthermore, probe <strong>S</strong> exhibits versatile applications in information encryption and bio-imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117095"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117093
Lili Lin, Ran Liu, Xiaofei Wang, Chuan-Kui Wang
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have been extensively investigated theoretically for their light-emitting properties in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the influence of an external electric field (EEF), an inherent factor in operating OLEDs, on the luminescence behavior of TADF materials has rarely been addressed. In this study, we selected two representative TADF systems, a donor-acceptor (D-A) type and a multiple-resonance type (MR-TADF), to systematically evaluate the effect of EEF on their emission characteristics across gas, solution, and solid phases. Our findings reveal that the MR-TADF emitter exhibits greater sensitivity to EEF than its D-A counterpart. Moreover, when the EEF is aligned with the molecular dipole moment direction, it exerts a more pronounced modulation on both absorption and emission properties. These results provide valuable and comprehensive insights into the optoelectronic behavior of TADF emitters under device-relevant conditions.
{"title":"Effect of electric field on the luminescent properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters","authors":"Lili Lin, Ran Liu, Xiaofei Wang, Chuan-Kui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have been extensively investigated theoretically for their light-emitting properties in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the influence of an external electric field (EEF), an inherent factor in operating OLEDs, on the luminescence behavior of TADF materials has rarely been addressed. In this study, we selected two representative TADF systems, a donor-acceptor (D-A) type and a multiple-resonance type (MR-TADF), to systematically evaluate the effect of EEF on their emission characteristics across gas, solution, and solid phases. Our findings reveal that the MR-TADF emitter exhibits greater sensitivity to EEF than its D-A counterpart. Moreover, when the EEF is aligned with the molecular dipole moment direction, it exerts a more pronounced modulation on both absorption and emission properties. These results provide valuable and comprehensive insights into the optoelectronic behavior of TADF emitters under device-relevant conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117093"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117090
Xiaojuan Guo , Wenze Luo , Xueyu Guo , Cheng Cheng , Jinwen Shi , Yu Chen , Dengwei Jing , Lijing Ma
Rational engineering of photocatalyst morphology represents a pivotal strategy for enhancing photocatalytic performance. Herein, we report the fabrication of TiO2 microtubes featuring a unique double-layered structure via a facile, bio-templated synthesis utilizing Platanus fruit hairs. This biomimetic approach yields the TiO2 microtubes with a surface area 2.5 times larger than that of TiO2 particles prepared in the absence of the template. The intricate double-layered microtubular architecture is instrumental in promoting the multiple scattering and reflection of incident light, thereby amplifying light harvesting and the subsequent photoexcitation process. Concurrently, the substantially increased surface area furnishes an abundance of reactive sites for surface redox reactions. Furthermore, the bio-templated synthesis induces the formation of abundant oxygen vacancies within the TiO2 lattice. These defects serve a dual function: they not only extend the optical absorption into the visible region but also act as shallow electron traps that effectively suppress the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. As a synergistic consequence of these advantageous structural and electronic features, the as-prepared TiO2 microtubes demonstrate exceptional photocatalytic activity, achieving a remarkable H₂-production rate of 7.11 mmol g−1 h−1, which is 3.8-fold enhancement compared to the benchmark TiO2 particles.
{"title":"Double-layered TiO2 microtube prepared via a bio-template for efficient photocatalytic H2 production","authors":"Xiaojuan Guo , Wenze Luo , Xueyu Guo , Cheng Cheng , Jinwen Shi , Yu Chen , Dengwei Jing , Lijing Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2026.117090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rational engineering of photocatalyst morphology represents a pivotal strategy for enhancing photocatalytic performance. Herein, we report the fabrication of TiO<sub>2</sub> microtubes featuring a unique double-layered structure via a facile, bio-templated synthesis utilizing Platanus fruit hairs. This biomimetic approach yields the TiO<sub>2</sub> microtubes with a surface area 2.5 times larger than that of TiO<sub>2</sub> particles prepared in the absence of the template. The intricate double-layered microtubular architecture is instrumental in promoting the multiple scattering and reflection of incident light, thereby amplifying light harvesting and the subsequent photoexcitation process. Concurrently, the substantially increased surface area furnishes an abundance of reactive sites for surface redox reactions. Furthermore, the bio-templated synthesis induces the formation of abundant oxygen vacancies within the TiO<sub>2</sub> lattice. These defects serve a dual function: they not only extend the optical absorption into the visible region but also act as shallow electron traps that effectively suppress the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. As a synergistic consequence of these advantageous structural and electronic features, the as-prepared TiO<sub>2</sub> microtubes demonstrate exceptional photocatalytic activity, achieving a remarkable H₂-production rate of 7.11 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, which is 3.8-fold enhancement compared to the benchmark TiO<sub>2</sub> particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 117090"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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