Journal of Pharmacy Research最新文献_第9页

Validated high performance liquid chromatography method for determination of miglitol in tablet dosage form 验证了高效液相色谱法测定片剂中米格列醇的含量

Journal of Pharmacy Research

Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.027

Seema M. Dhole , Pramod B. Khedekar , Nikhil D. Amnerkar

Background

The objective of present investigation was to develop simple, sensitive, specific, precise and accurate reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP HPLC) method and subsequent validation of the method for the determination of miglitol in bulk and in tablet dosage form.

Method

The chromatographic method was carried out using Agilent TC-C₁₈ column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm particle size) and mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.02 M phosphate buffer (pH adjusted to 3.5 with orthophosphoric acid) in the ratio of 70:30 v/v. Mobile phase was delivered at the flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. Ultra violet detection was carried out at 220 nm. The elution technique was based on isocratic mode and the sample volume 20 μl was used. The method was validated in terms of linearity, range, specificity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ).

Results

The retention time of miglitol was found to be 4.21 min. The developed method illustrated excellent linearity (r² > 0.99) in the concentration range of 10–50 μg/ml for miglitol. No chromatographic interference from the tablet excipients was found. The mean recoveries were found in the range of 98–102% for miglitol which shows accuracy of the method.

Conclusion

The developed method was found to be accurate, precise, reproducible and specific and can be successfully applied for the quantitative estimation of miglitol in pharmaceutical formulations and routine analysis in quality control laboratories.

本研究的目的是建立简便、灵敏、特异、精确、准确的反相高效液相色谱(RP - HPLC)方法，并对原料药和片剂中米格列醇的含量进行验证。方法色谱柱为Agilent TC-C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm，粒径为5 μm)，流动相为乙腈与0.02 M磷酸缓冲液(正磷酸调节pH至3.5)，流动相比例为70:30 v/v。流动相的流速为0.8 ml/min。紫外检测波长为220 nm。洗脱技术采用等压模式，进样量为20 μl。从线性、范围、特异性、准确度、精密度、检出限(LOD)和定量限(LOQ)等方面对该方法进行了验证。结果米格列醇的保留时间为4.21 min，线性良好(r2 >米格列醇的浓度范围为10 ~ 50 μg/ml，为0.99)。未发现片剂辅料对色谱的干扰。米格列醇的平均加样回收率为98 ~ 102%，表明了该方法的准确性。结论所建立的方法准确、精密度高、重现性好、专属性好，可用于药物制剂中米格列醇的定量估计和质控实验室的常规分析。

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引用次数: 4

Investigation of biological activities of Allamanda blanchetii, the violet Allamanda 紫芒芒的生物活性研究

Journal of Pharmacy Research

Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.010

Tasnuva Sharmin , Probir Kumar Sarker , Farhana Islam , Sharmin Reza Chowdhury , Tasdique Mohammad Quadery , Md. Yeunus Mian , S.M. Ashikur Rahman , Zahid Sadek Chowdhury , Md. Sharif Ullah

Objectives

The objective of the study was to evaluate Allamanda blanchetii extractives for antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing and antimicrobial activities.

Methods

The plant extractives were evaluated for their phenolic content and their ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay was conducted to identify cytotoxic potential of the extractives. The test samples were also involved in thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activity assays to evaluate their abilities to promote clot lysis and to stabilize erythrocyte membrane under hypotonic and heat induced conditions. The extractives were involved in disc diffusion assay to measure their ability to give zones of inhibition in cultured bacterial medium.

Results

In DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction demonstrated the highest free radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ = 40.50 ± 0.32 μg/ml) where as, in brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the hexane soluble fraction revealed the highest cytotoxic activity with LC₅₀ value of 0.78 ± 0.74 μg/ml. While evaluating the thrombolytic activity of the extractives, the chloroform soluble fraction showed 32.50 ± 0.63% of clot lysis. This fraction at 1.0 mg/ml concentration also inhibited 46.74 ± 0.73% and 41.33 ± 0.59% of haemolysis of RBCs induced by hypotonic solution and heat as compared to 71.90% and 42.12% by acetyl salicylic acid (0.10 mg/ml), respectively. In disc diffusion assay, the extractives of A. blanchetii revealed zone of inhibition ranging from 7.0 to 13.0 mm.

Conclusion

Further chemical and bioassay guided investigation on violet Allamanda must be conducted for isolation, identification and characterization of the bioactive constituents.

目的评价白芒苋提取物的抗氧化、细胞毒、溶栓、稳定膜和抗菌活性。方法测定各植物提取物的酚类物质含量及清除DPPH自由基的能力。采用盐水对虾致死性生物测定法鉴定其细胞毒潜能。测试样品还参与了溶栓和膜稳定活性测定，以评估它们在低渗和热诱导条件下促进凝块溶解和稳定红细胞膜的能力。提取液参与圆盘扩散试验，以测量其在培养细菌培养基中给予抑制区域的能力。结果在DPPH自由基清除实验中，四氯化碳溶出部位对DPPH自由基的清除能力最强，IC50值为40.50±0.32 μg/ml;在盐水对虾致死性生物实验中，己烷溶出部位的细胞毒活性最强，LC50值为0.78±0.74 μg/ml。在评价其溶栓活性时，氯仿可溶性部分溶栓率为32.50±0.63%。在1.0 mg/ml浓度下，乙酰水杨酸(0.10 mg/ml)对红细胞溶血的抑制作用分别为46.74±0.73%和41.33±0.59%，对低渗溶液和热诱导的红细胞溶血作用分别为71.90%和42.12%。在圆盘扩散实验中，白支兰提取物的抑制区范围为7.0 ~ 13.0 mm。结论紫支兰提取物的生物活性成分的分离、鉴定和鉴定有待于进一步的化学和生物测定指导研究。

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引用次数: 9

Measuring serum levels of glycosaminoglycans for prediction and using viscum fraxini-2 for treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma 测定血清糖胺聚糖水平预测和使用曲霉素-2治疗肝细胞癌患者

Journal of Pharmacy Research

Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.016

Mohammed M.H. Al-Gayyar , Mohamed A. Ebrahim , Mohamed E.E. Shams

Aim of the study

To assess the usefulness of measuring serum concentrations of some individual components of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and their degradation enzymes in the early prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to evaluate the patients' response to treatment with the investigational drug viscum fraxini-2 (mistletoe) in the selected clinical cases.

Methods

Seventy-five patients with HCC, forty patients with liver cirrhosis and thirty control subjects were included in the current research study. Serum α-fetoprotein (AFP), liver function tests (LFTs), some individual components of GAGs and their degradation enzymes were measured in all subjects. The response to the treatment was measured in the selected clinical cases who received a weekly subcutaneous injection of mistletoe in addition to the best supportive care.

Results

Patients with HCC showed an alteration in the serum levels of some individual components of GAGs with an increasing in the activity of their degradation enzymes. Only 26% of patients who received mistletoe achieved a partial response with tolerable toxicities.

Conclusion

Measuring the disturbance of serum levels of GAGs and the elevation of their degradation enzymes may be of a value in the early diagnosis of HCC. Viscum fraxini-2 may have a role in the treatment of HCC and deserve further trials.

目的:探讨测定血清中糖胺聚糖(GAGs)及其降解酶的某些成分的浓度在肝细胞癌(HCC)早期预测中的作用，并在选定的临床病例中评价患者对研究药物槲寄生素-2 (viscum fraxini-2)治疗的反应。方法本研究纳入75例HCC患者、40例肝硬化患者和30例对照组。测定了所有受试者血清α-胎蛋白(AFP)、肝功能指标(LFTs)、GAGs的部分成分及其降解酶。对治疗的反应是在选定的临床病例中进行测量的，这些病例每周接受一次槲寄生皮下注射，此外还有最好的支持治疗。结果肝细胞癌患者血清中某些GAGs成分水平发生改变，其降解酶活性升高。只有26%接受槲寄生治疗的患者获得了部分缓解，毒性可耐受。结论检测血清中GAGs水平的紊乱及其降解酶的升高可能对HCC的早期诊断有一定价值。Viscum fraxini-2可能在HCC治疗中发挥作用，值得进一步试验。

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引用次数: 8

Anti-anxiety activity of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tuber in mice 芍药魔芋块茎对小鼠的抗焦虑作用

Journal of Pharmacy Research

Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.018

Anindita Saha , Sankhadip Bose , Sugato Banerjee

Objective

Previous studies have shown CNS depressant activity of petroleum ether extract of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tuber. The current study was devised to explore the anxiolytic activity of petroleum ether extract of A. paeoniifolius tuber in mice, using various animal models of anxiety.

Methods

A. paeoniifolius was extracted with petroleum ether by using cold maceration process. The pet ether extract was then tested for its anxiolytic property in mice at different doses (100, 150, 200 mg/kg p.o) using various animal models of anxiety like elevated plus maze, open field test, light & dark test.

Results

The extract was found to contain steroids, fats & fixed oils. The pet ether extract showed potent anxiolytic activity at a dose dependent manner for elevated plus maze and open field test. The extract however failed to show any significant anxiolytic activity in light and dark test.

Conclusion

Petroleum ether extract of A. paeoniifolius may act as a potent anxiolytic agent in mice.

目的研究芍药块茎石油醚提取物对中枢神经系统的抑制作用。本研究采用多种焦虑动物模型，探讨芍药块茎石油醚提取物对小鼠的抗焦虑作用。采用石油醚冷浸渍法提取芍药。采用高架加迷宫、野外实验、光照和光照等焦虑动物模型，对不同剂量(100、150、200 mg/kg / o)的宠物醚提取物进行抗焦虑性实验。黑暗的测试。结果提取液中含有甾体、脂肪等;固定油。在高架加迷宫和野外试验中，pet醚提取物显示出明显的抗焦虑活性，且呈剂量依赖性。但在明暗试验中，提取物未显示出任何显著的抗焦虑活性。结论芍药石油醚提取物对小鼠有较强的抗焦虑作用。

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引用次数: 9

Synthesis, spectral analysis, in vitro microbiological evaluation and antioxidant properties of 2,4-diaryl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-9-one-O-[2,4,6-tritertiarybutyl-cyclohexa-2,5-dienon-4-yl] oximes as a new class of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents 新型抗菌抗氧化剂2,4-二芳基-3-阿扎比环[3.3.1]壬烷-9- 1 -o -[2,4,6-三叔丁基-环己-2,5-二烯-4-基]肟的合成、光谱分析、体外微生物学评价及抗氧化性能

Journal of Pharmacy Research

Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.007

Balasubramanian Premalatha, Durairajpeter Bhakiaraj, Selvam Elavarasan, Balasubramanian Chellakili, Mannathusamy Gopalakrishnan

Aims

The aim of the present study was to synthesis of a new series of bicyclic oximes with cyclohexadienone nuclei namely 2,4-diaryl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-9-one-O-[2,4,6-tritertiarybutylcyclohexa-2,5-dienon-4-yl]oximes [9–12] and screening for their antimicrobial activities and antioxidant activities.

Methods

Compounds 9–12 were synthesized by the treatment of 2,4,6-tritertiarybutyl phenol with corresponding 2,4-diaryl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-9-one oximes in the presence of an oxidizing agent, MnO₂ under nitrogen atmosphere. The compounds were characterized by melting point, elemental analysis, FT-IR, MS, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopic data. All the synthesized title compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities by disc diffusion method against clinically isolated bacterial strains, the title compounds were also screened for their antioxidant activities by dose dependence manner using their free radical scavenging properties.

Results

The fluoro substituted compound 12 is found to have excellent level of antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Conclusion

In conclusion, a close examination of antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities of variously substituted Compounds 9–12, reveals that they exhibits very good activities with better structure-activity correlations. Thus in future, this kind of oxime derivatives may be used to generate better drugs with improved antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities.

目的合成一系列具有环己二烯酮核的新双环肟，即2,4-二烷基-3-氮杂环[3.3.1]壬烷-9- 1 -o -[2,4,6-三叔丁基环己-2,5-二烯-4-基]肟[9-12]，并对其抑菌活性和抗氧化活性进行筛选。方法以2,4,6-三叔丁基苯酚和相应的2,4-二芳基-3-氮杂二环[3.3.1]壬烷-9-一肟为原料，在氧化剂MnO2存在下，在氮气气氛下合成化合物9-12。通过熔点、元素分析、FT-IR、MS、1H和13C NMR等数据对化合物进行了表征。采用圆盘扩散法对所有合成的标题化合物对临床分离菌株进行抑菌活性筛选，并采用剂量依赖法对标题化合物的自由基清除活性进行抗氧化活性筛选。结果氟取代化合物12具有良好的抗氧化、抗菌和抗真菌活性。结论通过对不同取代物9 ~ 12的抗氧化、抗菌和抗真菌活性的比较，发现它们具有良好的抗氧化、抗菌和抗真菌活性，且具有较好的构效相关性。因此，在未来，这类肟类衍生物可用于制备具有更好的抗氧化、抗菌和抗真菌活性的药物。

{"title":"Synthesis, spectral analysis, in vitro microbiological evaluation and antioxidant properties of 2,4-diaryl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-9-one-O-[2,4,6-tritertiarybutyl-cyclohexa-2,5-dienon-4-yl] oximes as a new class of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents","authors":"Balasubramanian Premalatha, Durairajpeter Bhakiaraj, Selvam Elavarasan, Balasubramanian Chellakili, Mannathusamy Gopalakrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>The aim of the present study was to synthesis of a new series of bicyclic oximes with cyclohexadienone nuclei namely 2,4-diaryl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-9-one-<em>O</em>-[2,4,6-tritertiarybutylcyclohexa-2,5-dienon-4-yl]oximes [<strong>9–12</strong>] and screening for their antimicrobial activities and antioxidant activities.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Compounds <strong>9–12</strong> were synthesized by the treatment of 2,4,6-tritertiarybutyl phenol with corresponding 2,4-diaryl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-9-one oximes in the presence of an oxidizing agent, MnO<sub>2</sub> under nitrogen atmosphere. The compounds were characterized by melting point, elemental analysis, FT-IR, MS, <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectroscopic data. All the synthesized title compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities by disc diffusion method against clinically isolated bacterial strains, the title compounds were also screened for their antioxidant activities by dose dependence manner using their free radical scavenging properties.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The fluoro substituted compound <strong>12</strong> is found to have excellent level of antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In conclusion, a close examination of antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities of variously substituted Compounds <strong>9–12</strong>, reveals that they exhibits very good activities with better structure-activity correlations. Thus in future, this kind of oxime derivatives may be used to generate better drugs with improved antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Research","volume":"6 7","pages":"Pages 730-735"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73627448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Spectrophotometric method development and validation for atorvastatin calcium and nifedipine HCl in bulk and tablet dosage form using absorption ratio method assay of atorvastatin and nifedipine 利用吸收比法测定阿托伐他汀和硝苯地平原料药和片剂中的钙和硝苯地平

Journal of Pharmacy Research

Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.012

Sathis Kumar Dinakaran , Babitha Alluri , Koushik Reddy Annareddy , VijayaSravani Ayyagari , Harani Avasarala , Ravishankar Kakaraparthy , Pavan Kumar Chintamaneni , Raja Gadi

Objectives

A simple, economic, accurate Absorption ratio method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of atorvastatin calcium and nifedipine HCl in bulk and tablet dosage form.

Method

Methanol was used as a diluent. The absorptions were observed at 237 nm and 297 nm which were selected based on overlap spectra of atorvastatin calcium and nifedipine HCl.

Results and conclusion

The linearity range was found to be 6–10 μg/ml. The proposed method was validated. The reports was expressed that the proposed method was found to be simple, precise, accurate and rapid for the simultaneous estimation of atorvastatin calcium and nifedipine HCl in bulk and tablet dosage form using absorption ratio method.

目的建立一种简便、经济、准确的阿托伐他汀钙和硝苯地平片剂同时测定的吸收比方法。方法采用甲醇作为稀释剂。根据阿托伐他汀钙和硝苯地平的重叠光谱选择237 nm和297 nm的吸光度。结果与结论在6 ~ 10 μg/ml范围内呈线性关系。对所提方法进行了验证。结果表明，该方法简便、准确、快速，适用于用吸收比法同时测定原料药和片剂中阿托伐他汀钙和硝苯地平的含量。

引用次数: 6

Development of stability indicating liquid chromatography-mass tandem spectrometric method for the estimation of mycophenolate mofetil in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations 稳定性指示液相色谱-质谱联用法测定原料药和制剂中霉酚酸酯的含量

Journal of Pharmacy Research

Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.021

Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy Tummala, Sowjanya Reddy Nallagari, Ramu Golkonda, Veera Venkatrao Sure, Rambabu Chintala

Aim

To develop a simple LC/MS/MS method for the determination of mycophenolate mofetil in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations and study of stability of the drug in different stressed conditions.

Methods and materials

The LC/MS/MS analysis was carried out on Applied Biosystems API 3200 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer attached to Shimadzu LC 10 AT VP series HPLC system using chromosil ODS-3, C18, 4.6 × 50 mm, 2.5 μm column. The mass spectral analysis was carried out by direct infusion of 10 μg/mL solution into the ESI source at a flow rate of 10 μL/min along with the mobile phase flow rate of 600 μL/min. All chemicals and reagents were of either analytical grade or chromatographic grade.

Results

The obtained mass spectrum showed m/z 434 as a major ion which can be attributed to the MH⁺ ion of the analyte. This ion was subjected to collision induced dissociation (CID) using nitrogen as a collision gas. The collision energy was tuned in such a way that the intensity of MH⁺ ion was reduced to a minimum of 20%. The obtained mass spectrum after CID showed m/z 114 as a major fragment. Hence the transition m/z 434 → 114 was used to monitor the analyte peak in LC/MS/MS analysis. The developed method was validated in terms of precision, accuracy, linearity, robustness and ruggedness.

Conclusions

The developed method was found to be simple, rapid, repeatable, reproducible, robust, rugged and economic hence it can be used as a new analytical method for the analysis of pharmaceutical formulations in any pharmaceutical industries.

目的建立一种简便的LC/MS/MS法测定原料药和制剂中霉酚酸酯的含量，并研究其在不同应激条件下的稳定性。方法和材料采用应用生物系统API 3200三重四极杆质谱仪，连接岛津LC 10 AT VP系列高效液相色谱系统，色谱柱为色谱柱ODS-3, C18, 4.6 × 50 mm, 2.5 μm。采用流动相流速为600 μL/min，以10 μL/min的流速将10 μg/mL溶液直接注入ESI源进行质谱分析。所有化学品和试剂均为分析级或色谱级。结果质谱分析表明，m/ z434为主要离子，可归因于分析物中的MH+离子。用氮气作为碰撞气体对该离子进行碰撞诱导解离(CID)。对碰撞能量进行了调整，使MH+离子的强度降低到最小的20%。CID后得到的质谱显示m/z 114为主要片段。因此，在LC/MS/MS分析中，采用过渡段m/z 434→114来监测分析物的峰。该方法在精密度、准确度、线性度、稳健性和耐用性等方面得到了验证。结论该方法简便、快速、重复性好、可重复性好、稳健性好、经济可靠，可作为一种新的分析方法，应用于各医药行业的制剂分析。

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引用次数: 4

Geno-toxic study of silver bio-nanoparticles toward Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical isolates 银纳米颗粒对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性临床分离株的基因毒性研究

Journal of Pharmacy Research

Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.06.024

Lakshmipathy Muthukrishnan, Anima Nanda

Background

In recent years, with the implication of green chemistry principles in the synthesis protocol, nano silver is gaining much attention in biomedical and clinical field. Alongside, with the increased incidence of antibiotic(s) resistance among various microorganisms, there is also a need for an effective containment strategy to prevent their escape in the environment. The so called elixir (drug) proving its inability, an effective nano-biotechnological approach has ventured in to combat such pathogens.

Objective

To study the toxic effect of silver bio-nanoparticles synthesized using a soil bacterium, Bacillus sp. on genomic DNA isolated from pathogenic bacteria.

Methods

In this study, silver bio-nanoparticles (SNPs) were synthesized using extracellular bacterial filtrate. Characterization of SNPs was done using UV–vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). Antibacterial study of SNPs toward the pathogenic bacteria was studied by Kirby Bauer's Disc diffusion method. The toxic effect of SNPs on the genomic DNA isolated from the pathogenic microorganisms was investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis.

Results

The time dependent toxic effect of SNPs on genomic DNA has been validated.

Conclusion

The SNPs exhibit potential antibacterial activity toward clinical isolates tested. DNA fragmentation by SNPs was observed in the form of shear may be due to the affinity and complex forming tendency with Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) present as phosphates on nucleic acid resulting in fragmentation. This modus operandi toward DNA isolated from the clinical isolates might have a vigil over genetically altered organisms.

近年来，随着绿色化学原理在合成方案中的应用，纳米银在生物医学和临床领域受到越来越多的关注。此外，随着各种微生物对抗生素耐药性的发生率增加，还需要一种有效的遏制战略，以防止它们在环境中逃逸。所谓的长生不老药(药物)证明了它的无能，一种有效的纳米生物技术方法已经冒险进入对抗这些病原体的领域。目的研究土壤细菌芽孢杆菌合成的生物纳米银对病原菌基因组DNA的毒性作用。方法利用细胞外细菌滤液合成纳米银。利用紫外-可见分光光度计、x射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和能量色散光谱(EDX)对SNPs进行了表征。采用Kirby Bauer盘片扩散法对病原菌的snp进行抑菌研究。用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法研究了snp对病原菌基因组DNA的毒性作用。结果证实了snp对基因组DNA的时间依赖性毒性作用。结论该snp对临床分离株具有潜在的抗菌活性。DNA片段被SNPs以剪切的形式观察到，这可能是由于与活性氧(ROS)的亲和力和复杂的形成趋势，这些活性氧(ROS)以磷酸盐的形式存在于核酸上，导致片段化。这种对从临床分离物中分离出的DNA的操作方法可能对基因改变的生物体具有守夜作用。

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引用次数: 12

A comparative study of histo-pharmacognosy of Chenopodium album Linn. under the impact of Bicycle Industry Effluent 紫藜的组织生药学比较研究。受到自行车工业污水的影响

Journal of Pharmacy Research

Pub Date : 2013-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.06.002

Kavita Tyagi , Sandhya Sharma , Rajat Rashmi , Sanjiv Kumar , Shahidul Khair

Aims of the study

To carried out the Histo-Pharmacognosy study of Chenopodium album Linn. under the influence of Bicycle Industry Effluent.

Method

The industrial effluent was analysed by APHA method. The anatomical studies of plant were carried out according to Metacalf and Chalk, 1950 were consulted; for chemical analysis Johanson, 1940, Cromwell, 1955 & Trease and Evans, 1983 were followed. TLC was analyzed by WHO, 1998.

Results

The physico–chemical parameters of analysed effluent were found higher values as compared to standard values and morphological & anatomical parameters were found in decreasing trend in polluted plant samples as compared to non-polluted plant samples. The colour reaction tests showed only degrees of changes. The number of spots were decreased in the plant samples of polluted sites. Water and alcohol extractive values were found to be lowered collected from polluted areas. Ash values were comparatively higher in polluted plant samples. Stomatal index and Palisade Ratio were lower in polluted leaves. Vein Islet Number and Vein Termination Number were higher in polluted leaves.

Conclusion

The conclusion of this study is that the plants from non-polluted area should be collected for quality production of medicines, since majority of parameters reflect decreasing data values in the plants taken from polluted area.

目的:对紫藜进行组织生药学研究。受自行车工业污水的影响。方法采用APHA法对工业废水进行分析。植物的解剖研究是根据Metacalf和Chalk进行的，查阅了1950年;用于化学分析约翰森，1940，克伦威尔，1955;接着是Trease和Evans, 1983。薄层色谱分析由世卫组织，1998年。结果分析后出水的理化参数均高于标准值;与未污染的植物样品相比，污染植物样品的解剖参数呈下降趋势。颜色反应测试只显示了不同程度的变化。污染场地植物样品中斑点数量有所减少。发现从污染地区收集的水和酒精提取值较低。受污染的植物样品灰分值相对较高。污染叶片气孔指数和栅栏比较低。污染叶片的叶脉岛数和叶脉终止数较高。结论本研究的结论是，在非污染地区采集的植物应该用于药品的质量生产，因为大多数参数反映了污染地区植物的数据值在下降。

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引用次数: 1

Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of moxifloxacin loaded crosslinked chitosan films for the treatment of periodontitis 莫西沙星载交联壳聚糖膜治疗牙周炎的制备及体外评价

Journal of Pharmacy Research

Pub Date : 2013-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.06.019

Durga Praveena Chinta, Prakash Katakam, Varanasi Satya Narayana Murthy, Maria John Newton

Aim

The purpose of the present work was to develop a local drug delivery system of moxifloxacin loaded crosslinked chitosan films using sodium citrate as a crosslinking agent with different concentrations and crosslinking time.

Methods

The films were prepared using solvent casting technique. The formulated films were evaluated for physicochemical parameters like FT-IR, DSC, thickness, weight variation, content uniformity, surface pH and release kinetics.

Results

IR and DSC studies indicated that there is no interaction between the drug and excipients. The drug loaded chitosan films were flexible, possessed good tensile strength and demonstrated satisfactory physicochemical characteristics. Although the films showed an initial burst release of drug, the release was sustained for up to 15 days. From the obtained results F6 formulation is optimized one among all the formulations.

Conclusion

The present work suggests that the controlled release Moxifloxacin loaded Chitosan films crosslinked with sodium citrate have a remarkable role in the local therapy of periodontitis.

目的以柠檬酸钠为交联剂，研究不同浓度、不同交联时间的莫西沙星负载壳聚糖交联膜的局部给药体系。方法采用溶剂铸造法制备膜。对配制的薄膜进行了理化参数评价，如FT-IR、DSC、厚度、重量变化、含量均匀性、表面pH和释放动力学。结果sir和DSC研究表明，该药物与辅料无相互作用。壳聚糖载药膜柔韧性好，抗拉强度高，具有良好的理化性能。虽然影片显示了药物最初的突然释放，但释放持续了长达15天。从所得结果来看，F6配方是所有配方中最优的配方。结论柠檬酸钠交联莫西沙星壳聚糖控释膜在牙周炎的局部治疗中具有重要作用。

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引用次数: 9