Journal of Plant Registrations最新文献

Fusarium head blight (FHB; caused by Fusarium graminearum) is a destructive disease of wheat (Triticum spp.), barley (Hordeum vulgare), rye (Secale cereale L.), and triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) not only reducing their yield but also contaminating the grain with mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON). Developing varieties with genetic resistance is integral to successfully manage FHB. Triticale acreage worldwide is steadily increasing. However, the genetic diversity of triticale for FHB resistance is not well characterized. In the present study, a sequential screening of a set of winter triticale accessions from a global collection was done for their type-2 FHB resistance and DON accumulation. In the first-year screening, 298 triticale accessions were tested for FHB in an artificially inoculated, misted-field nursery with high inoculum density. Most of the triticale accessions were susceptible to FHB, and only 8% of the accessions showed resistance in the field nursery screening. Next, the 24 resistant accessions identified in the nursery screening were tested for 2 years in greenhouse and 17 accessions showed significantly lower FHB severity in Year 2 and/or Year 3. These 17 resistant accessions were further tested for their FHB severity and DON accumulation in Year 4 in greenhouse and for DON accumulation in Year 5 in the field FHB nursery. Eight accessions showed significantly lower FHB severity and nine accessions showed DON accumulation of less than 1 mg/kg in Year 4 greenhouse testing. Eleven accessions had significantly lower DON concentration than the susceptible check in the Year 5 field screening. The resistant accessions common across all years identified in the study can be used for enhancing FHB resistance and reducing DON accumulation in triticale breeding programs.

‘AuSable’ (Reg. no. CV-358, PI 705150) navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), developed by Michigan State University AgBioResearch was released in 2023 as an early-mid season, disease-resistant, upright, short-vine bean cultivar with excellent dry down. AuSable was developed with the pedigree breeding method to the F₄ generation followed by pure line selection for disease, agronomic, and quality traits. In 6 years of field trials, AuSable yielded 3073 kg ha⁻¹, flowered in 46 days, and matured in 95 days on average. Plants averaged 45 cm in height, with a lodging resistance score of 1.7 and seed size of 22 g 100 seed⁻¹. AuSable combines high yield potential with early midseason maturity in a navy bean seed type. AuSable has outyielded ‘Merlin’ by 17% across 6 years and matured 3 days earlier. It exhibits uniform dry down equivalent to ‘Vigilant’ and is well adapted to the intensively managed, narrow row, direct-harvested production systems where beans are typically grown in Michigan and the Upper Midwest. AuSable possesses resistance to Bean common mosaic virus, is resistant to anthracnose races 7 and 73, has shown moderate tolerance to white mold, and was as tolerant to post emergence damping off caused by Rhizoctonia solani as other navy beans. It is susceptible to common bacterial blight. The seed size of AuSable (22 g 100 seed⁻¹) is most similar to ‘Valiant’ and slightly smaller than ‘Liberty’ (23 g 100 seed⁻¹). Seed of AuSable meets industry standards for packaging and canning quality in the navy bean seed class.

‘Kikatiti’ pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (Reg. no. CV-361, PI 705149) was developed by the dry bean breeding program at the University of Nebraska, Agricultural Research Division, and submitted for release in 2021 by the Sokoine University of Agriculture in Morogoro as an upright indeterminate pinto bean with high yield potential and multiple disease resistance across bean production environments in Tanzania. Kikatiti was officially released in 2024 by the National Seed Committee. Kikatiti is an F_7:8 derived line developed using the pedigree breeding method in Nebraska. The exceptional performance of Kikatiti in Tanzania was first identified by evaluation of the Durango Diversity Panel (DDP), which consisted of 200 accessions in on-station trials conducted in Arusha and Mbeya. Kikatiti was identified as accession DDP-094 (advanced breeding line NE2-09-3). Kikatiti yielded 1584 kg ha⁻¹ across 5 years of trials in Tanzania and matured in 89 days. Kikatiti is resistant to bean rust conferred by the Ur-3 and Ur-11 genes, resistant to all strains of Bean common mosaic virus and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus conferred by the I and bc-3 genes, moderately resistant to common bacterial blight conferred by the SAP6 quantitative trait locus, avoids white mold disease due to its upright architecture, and is moderately susceptible to angular leaf spot disease. Kikatiti has large seed size (35.9 g 100 seeds⁻¹), and in on-farm trials, farmers ranked Kikatiti above local pinto cultivars for its performance and market potential. Kikatiti has the potential to expand pinto bean production across East Africa.

R18-14147 (Reg. no. GP-528, PI 705143) is a high-protein conventional soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] germplasm of maturity group Mid-IV developed and released by the University of Arkansas System – Division of Agriculture Research & Extension in 2023. The germplasm is an F_3:4 selection from the cross LG10-3671-1 × R09-430. Plants of R18-14147 have an indeterminate growth habit with purple flowers, gray pubescence, brown pod wall, and imperfect black hilum. Across 28 environments in Arkansas (2019–2022), R18-14147 yield averaged 4482 kg ha⁻¹, with broad adaptability and yield stability. Seed of R18-14147 contains on average 429 g kg⁻¹ and 191 g kg⁻¹ of protein and oil on a dry weight basis, respectively, and seed weight is 15.2 g 100 seeds⁻¹. The average seed protein content of this line is 8%–27% higher than the average protein content of the check cultivars used in various trials to evaluate R18-14147. Additionally, R18-14147 has been identified as resistant to stem canker. R18-14147 presents soybean growers in the mid-southern United States with a promising germplasm alternative combining high yield potential and elevated seed protein content for alternative crop rotation in herbicide-tolerant cultivar systems, offering potentially seed-saving cost benefits and serving as a valuable germplasm for new cultivar development.

‘Coral’ (Reg. no. CV-359, PI 705151) pink bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), developed by Michigan State University AgBioResearch was released in 2022 as a midseason, disease-resistant, upright short vine bean cultivar with uniform dry down. Coral was developed with the pedigree breeding method to the F₄ generation followed by pure line selection for disease, agronomic, and quality traits. Coral combines high yield potential with midseason maturity in a pink bean seed type. Over the span of 6 years of field trials, Coral produced an average yield of 3228 kg ha⁻¹, flowered at 46 days, and matured in 97 days. Plants averaged 48 cm in height, with a lodging resistance score of 1.4, and seed size of 42 g 100 seed⁻¹. Notably, Coral has outperformed ‘Rosetta’ by 8% across the 6-year trial period and reached maturity 1 day earlier. It is well adapted to the intensively managed, narrow-row, direct-harvested production systems where beans are typically grown in Michigan and the Upper Midwest. Coral exhibits resistance to Bean common mosaic virus, is susceptible to anthracnose, has shown tolerance to common bacterial blight, and white mold. Additionally, it demonstrated tolerance to root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani similar to Rosetta. Seed size of Coral (42 g 100 seed⁻¹) is larger than Rosetta (37 g 100 seed⁻¹). Seed of Coral meets industry standards for packaging and canning quality in the pink bean seed class.

‘Denali’ (Reg. no. CV-360, PI 705152) white kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), developed by Michigan State University AgBioResearch, was released in 2022 as a midseason, disease-resistant, bush bean cultivar with uniform dry down. Denali was developed with the pedigree breeding method to the F₄ generation followed by pure line selection for disease, agronomic, and quality traits. In 8 years of field trials across Michigan, Denali yielded 3500 kg ha⁻¹, flowered in 37 d, and matured in 97days on average. Plants averaged 46 cm in height, with a lodging resistance score of 1.3 and seed size of 62 g 100 seed⁻¹. Denali combines high yield potential with midseason maturity in a white kidney seed type. Denali outyielded ‘Beluga’ by 13% years and matured 5 days earlier. It is well adapted to the irrigated production systems on coarse-textured soils where kidney beans are typically grown in Michigan and the Upper Midwest. Denali is resistant to Bean common mosaic virus and exhibits significantly higher levels of tolerance to root rot than ‘ND Whitetail’. Tolerance to common bacterial blight and white mold exhibited by Denali is comparable with ND Whitetail, ‘Yeti’, and ‘Snowdon’. Denali is susceptible to anthracnose. Seed size of Denali (0.62 g) is slightly smaller than Snowdon (0.69 g) and equivalent to seed produced by other white kidney bean cultivars. Seed of Denali meets industry standards for packaging and canning quality in the white kidney bean seed class.

USDA-N7007 is a non-GM, maturity group (MG) VII soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Reg. no. GP-529, PI 705147) germplasm released by the USDA Agricultural Research Service in conjunction with the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service in December of 2023. USDA-N7007 is a high-yielding, high-protein germplasm derived from wild soybean (Glycine soja Siebold & Zucc; PI 366122) and small-seeded MG VII USDA cultivar N7103. Over 47 combined testing environments of the USDA Southern Uniform and USB Protein Diversity Tests (2018–2021), USDA-N7007 yielded 98% of the check mean and 102% of the test mean. The average protein content of USDA-N7007 was significantly higher (432 g kg⁻¹) than the average check means of 402 g kg⁻¹ and 413 g kg⁻¹ in the USDA Southern Uniform and USB Protein Diversity Tests, respectively. Across both tests (2019–2021), the release was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in protein (+7 g kg⁻¹), with 9% higher seed yield (+242 kg ha⁻¹) than the recurrent parent N7103. USDA-N7007 is resistant to lodging, southern root-knot nematode, and stem canker. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first US release clearly demonstrating that the wild soybean genome can be incorporated into an elite cultivar to increase seed protein without a negative effect on seed yield. This release is a truly novel and valuable resource for development of future US soybean cultivars because it will be useful to improve both genetic diversity and seed protein simultaneously without a negative effect on seed yield.

Timothy G. Porch, Juan Carlos Rosas, Karen Cichy, Graciela Godoy Lutz, Iveth Rodriguez, Raphael W. Colbert, Gasner Demosthene, Juan Carlos Hernández, Donna M. Winham, James S. Beaver

Journal of Plant Registrations, 2024, 18(1) pages 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20322

Correspondence Email: [email protected]

The authors noted an error in the original article, Methods section, last sentence in the first paragraph. The phrase “G40029 (PI 70793) has a large black speckled seed type …” should read as follows: “G40029 (W6 38698) has a large black speckled seed type …”

The emerging malting industry in California needs adapted cultivars for a sustainable local barley production. ‘UC-Alameda’ (Reg. no. CV-381, PVP 202300263, PI 701932) is a two-row, spring malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) released by the University of California, Davis, Agricultural Experiment Station, in 2022. UC-Alameda is a highly productive cultivar with satisfactory malting quality for local craft maltsters. UC-Alameda is adapted to the California Central Valley (Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys) and is resistant to the most common diseases present in this region (e.g., Barley yellow dwarf virus, Cereal yellow dwarf virus, stripe rust, and powdery mildew) and moderately resistant to scald and net blotch. It was evaluated in preliminary trials, as B9K62, from 2017 to 2023 at Davis, CA, and by the University of California Regional Small Grains Testing program, as UC1911, from 2018 to 2023 for late fall planting in the Central Valley. UC-Alameda is a non-glycosidic nitrile producer, which is an important trait for craft-maltsters and distillers. UC-Alameda satisfies the quality criteria of the local craft malting and brewing industry interested in sourcing locally grown malting barley.

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a valuable forage and bioenergy crop, is established more easily than other native perennial warm-season grasses, but its establishment is still slower than that of annual crops. Vigorous switchgrass establishment is crucial for achieving its full potential yield and for effectively competing with weeds for water and nutrient availability. To satisfy this demand, ‘Independence’ (Reg. no. CV-295, PI 704577) switchgrass was developed at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Independence was selected for establishment vigor, winter survivorship, and high biomass yield for two cycles from ‘Kanlow’. It is characterized by rapid establishment, robust seedling growth, and the capacity to achieve peak production by the second year. Independence is well adapted to USDA hardiness zones 5b–7b. In field experiments conducted from 2016 to 2017, averaged over seven locations and all years, Independence annually yielded 13 Mg ha⁻¹ of biomass, outperforming ‘Cave-in-Rock’ by 31%, ‘Liberty’ by 15%, ‘Shawnee’ by 42%, ‘Summer’ by 81%, and ‘Sunburst’ by 129%. In wet marginal sites in Illinois from 2020 to 2023, Independence exhibited an average biomass yield of 12 Mg ha⁻¹, outperforming Shawnee by 31%, Liberty by 27%, and Kanlow by 19%, indicating its potential use on less productive land for annual crops. Independence was publicly released by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in October 2021.