Journal of Plant Registrations最新文献

‘Tamcot 421’ (Reg. no. CV-149, PI 706649) is a Sea Island (Gossypium barbadense L.)/upland (G. hirsutum L.) cultivar developed by the Cotton Improvement Laboratory, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences and released in 2017 by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. This interspecific inbred line was the result of hybridization of a complex early generation upland hybrid and a Sea Island breeding line (‘Gaddis’/‘Puerto Rican 556’). Tamcot 421 demonstrated fiber traits that were comparable to commercial cultivars as measured by high volume instrumentation. Lint yields were stable and generally either not different or higher than commercial cultivars in multiple replicated trials across years and locations. Plant morphology and fruiting habit were typical of upland cotton. Development and release of this cultivar represents an unusual combination of high-yield potential and good fiber quality in a line with a 50/50 pedigree contribution of Sea Island and upland parents.

‘CPCL 00-6131’ (Reg. no. CV-220, PI 705850) is a sugarcane hybrid cultivar (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) that was developed in two countries (United States and Guatemala). In the United States, the crossing and seedling selection were done by United States Sugar Corporation (USSC); advanced trials of the selected clones were conducted by the USDA-ARS Canal Point (CP) sugarcane breeding program. In Guatemala, the further introduction, advanced field tests and final release were carried out by the Guatemalan Sugarcane Research and breeding program (CENGICAÑA). CPCL 00-6131 was not released in Florida because of its susceptibility to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow) and the low yield of commercial recoverable sucrose than the reference cultivar. After testing in Guatemala, CPCL 00-6131 was released in 2019 because of its high cane and sucrose yield both at plant cane and ratoons crops under the Guatemala growth environment. CPCL 00-6131 ranked first, being significantly greater than the reference cultivar ‘CP 72-2086’ in the second ratoon and the combined crops. It has acceptable resistance to wilt or dry stalks caused mainly by Cephalosporium sacchari (Bult.) = Fusarium sacchari (Gams.), smut (caused by Ustilago scitaminea Sydow & P. Sydow), leaf scald [caused by Xanthomonas albilineans (Ashby) Dowson], brown rust and orange rust (Puccinia kuehnii E.J. Butler) and Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (the causal agent of mosaic).

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a billion-dollar industry in the United States, with California and Arizona producing over 90%. Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (Fol) race 1, is a major disease of lettuce worldwide. Genetic resistance is the most sustainable practice for FW control. With the objective of combatting this challenge, we report the registration of six breeding lines: 15631 (Reg. no. GP-12, PI 691904), 15632 (Reg. no. GP-13, PI 691905), 15633 (Reg. no. GP-14, PI 691906), 15634 (Reg. no. GP-15, PI 691907), 15669 (Reg. no. GP-16, PI 691908), and 15670 (Reg. no. GP-17, PI 691909) with resistance to FW race 1. These were developed and released by the USDA-ARS from a cross between ‘King Louie’ (romaine type; resistant to FW race 1) and ‘Autumn Gold’ (crisphead type; susceptible to FW race 1). They were selected using a pedigree selection breeding method through greenhouse and field evaluations. Disease severity was assessed using standardized visual rating scales, for example, 1, no disease to 4, dead plant, with the releases exhibiting significantly lower FW severity and incidence compared with susceptible checks. These breeding lines have shown stable and uniform resistance to FW race 1 in multiple trials and offer an essential genetic resource for lettuce breeders and seed companies. Preliminary greenhouse results suggest they are also resistant to novel pathogenic variants that were recently detected in California. These lines are available for research and to incorporate FW race 1 resistance into elite lines, contributing to sustainable lettuce production in affected regions.

R19-42848 (Reg. no. GP-532, PI 706865) is a high-yielding soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] germplasm with drought tolerance released by the University of Arkansas System – Division of Agriculture Research & Extension Center in 2024. It is an F₄-derived selection from the cross R12-2237 (drought-tolerant) × R12-519 (high-yielding). R19-42848 is a conventional (non-genetically modified) soybean with a relative maturity of 5.2. Plants have determinate growth habit with purple flower color, gray pubescence, and tan pod wall at maturity. Seed of R19-42848 has buff hilum color, 100-seed weight of 13.8 g, and contains on average 404.5 and 211.5 g kg⁻¹ of protein and oil on a dry basis, respectively. R19-42848 showed high-yielding and broad adaptability across 28 environments in Arkansas and three other states during the 4 years of yield trials under irrigated conditions (4275 kg ha⁻¹, 91.4% of the checks’ mean). Additionally, it demonstrated high yield and slow canopy wilting in rainfed conditions across 14 environments over 3 years (2489 kg ha⁻¹, 96.2% of the checks’ mean). Under irrigated conditions, R19-42848 yielded numerically higher than drought-tolerant check Ellis (105.2%), while statistically similar in rainfed conditions (99.9%). Therefore, R19-42848 is a valuable genetic resource for public and private soybean breeding programs attempting to incorporate drought-tolerant alleles into their breeding pipeline.

Aegilops tauschii represents a vast and rich resource for enhancing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genetic diversity by providing new alleles and genes for yield, climate resilience, and other important traits; however, its systematic exploration may not be assured due to many factors, including the wide genetic distance and dissimilarity to the hexaploid wheat. This study aims to describe and present the Multiple Synthetic Derivative (MSD) population for registration as a germplasm resource to mine desirable climate-smart traits or genes from Ae. tauschii more systematically and efficiently. The MSD population was developed by crossing and backcrossing the Japanese wheat cultivar, ‘Norin 61’ (N61) to 43 different primary synthetics (PS) derived from a diverse set of 43 Ae. tauschii accessions. Evaluation of the MSD population under various abiotic stresses including heat, drought, low nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), demonstrated wide phenotypic diversity for all traits including grain yield, biomass, days to heading, and stress tolerance index (STI). Across all environments, the maximum grain yield and biomass recorded by some MSD lines were always higher than that of the recurrent parent (N61) and both heat-stress adapted varieties, Goumria and Imam. The MSD population showed a wide range in days to heading. The maximum STIs for heat, drought, low N and P of some MSD lines were higher than that of N61, Goumria, and Imam. Our results indicated the usefulness and effectiveness of MSD population as a platform for mining and exploiting heat, drought, and nutrient-use efficient traits in a common hexaploid wheat background. Therefore, description and registration of the MSD population by Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Japan could greatly facilitate efficient mining climate-resilient traits in the background of hexaploid wheat lines derived from diverse Ae. tauschii accessions.

The USDA-ARS announces the release of ‘USDA-Accelerate’ (Reg. no. CV-296, PI 706441) creeping foxtail (Alopecurus arundinaceus Poir.). USDA-Accelerate is a creeping foxtail with excellent seedling vigor and good herbage dry mass and nutritive value. Wet meadows require plant materials with excellent seedling vigor and tolerance to consistently wet conditions. Creeping foxtail grows well under these wet conditions but lacks the seedling vigor to consistently establish under the competition from other plant materials. We developed USDA-Accelerate as a Syn₁ cultivar derived from two cycles of selection from 63 genotypes from four germplasm accessions and the cultivar ‘Garrison’. The first cycle of selection was for visual disease resistance, seed production, and seed shatter, and the second cycle of selection was for deep seeding depth emergence. We compared the total emergence and emergence rate of USDA-Accelerate to that of Garrison under two rounds of deep seeding depth evaluations in the greenhouse and the agronomic performance under three field environments. USDA-Accelerate had 140% greater total emergence, 142% greater emergence rate, and similar stand establishment, herbage dry mass, and nutritive value when compared to Garrison. This release supports the USDA-ARS effort to supply improved perennial grass cultivars for animal feed and soil stabilization for the western United States. USDA-Accelerate should be an important component of revegetation projects on mountain and wet meadows in this region where perennial grass establishment is limited by weak seedling vigor.

‘Kona’ (Reg. no. CV-366, PI 705624) black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), developed by Michigan State University AgBioResearch, was released in 2024 as an upright, full-season cultivar with good canning quality. Kona was developed using the pedigree breeding method to the F₄ generation followed by pure line selection for disease, agronomic and quality traits. In 4 years of field trials, Kona produced an average yield of 3604 kg ha⁻¹, (averaged 9.5% above 24 trial means) flowered in 48 days and matured in 97 days on average. Plants averaged 48 cm in height, with lodging resistance score of 1.7 and seed weight of 22.6 g 100 seed⁻¹. Kona combines high yield potential with upright architecture and mid-to-full season maturity in a black seed type. Kona has good resistance to lodging, an upright plant habit, and high pod placement within the plant making it suitable for direct harvest under narrow row production systems. Kona is resistant to Bean common mosaic virus, resistant to race 7 of anthracnose, and has shown better tolerance to common bacterial blight than other black bean cultivars. Kona produces seed that meets industry standards for export and packaging and was rated average in canned bean color in the black bean market class.

‘ND Rosalind’ (Reg. no. CV-364, PI 705585) is a new pink bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar developed by the Dry Edible Bean Breeding Program at North Dakota State University and released by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. ND Rosalind was developed using a modified pedigree breeding method to the F_4:5 generation followed by pure line selection for disease, agronomic, and quality traits. Between 2017 and 2023, ND Rosalind was tested across more than 11 environments in North Dakota, where seed yield was significantly higher than other pink bean cultivars such as ‘Magnolia’, ‘Rosetta’, and ‘Sedona’ (23%, 12%, and 16% respectively). ND Rosalind is resistant to both the Bean common mosaic virus and Bean common mosaic necrotic virus and has intermediate resistance to common bacterial blight. ND Rosalind has desirable upright architecture (Type IIa). Under North Dakota conditions, ND Rosalind shows an average plant height of 56 cm, has a 100-seed weight of 30.9 g, and matures in ∼101 days. ND Rosalind has a bright seed color and an acceptable canning quality. Other traits of agronomic and economic importance are within acceptable commercial ranges.

Arkot 1301 (Reg. no. GP-1152, PI 706424), Arkot 1308 (Reg. no. GP-1153, PI 706425), Arkot 1309 (Reg. no. GP-1154, PI 706426), Arkot 1311 (Reg. no. GP-1155, PI 706427), and Arkot 1317 (Reg. no. GP-1156, PI 706428) are conventional cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm lines released by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station in November 2024. Arkot 1301 was derived from a cross of Arkot 0111 and Arkot 0222. The other four lines were derived from crossing an Arkot line with a line from another public cotton breeding program. Arkot 1309 and Arkot 1311 lines share MD10-5 as a common parent. The second parent for Arkot 1309 and Arkot 1311 was ‘UA48’ and Arkot 0222, respectively. Arkot 1317 was derived from crossing Arkot 0219 and MD87. Arkot 1308 came from crossing Arkot 0409 with GA2009100, an unreleased breeding line developed by the University of Georgia. Arkot 9111 was in parentage of all lines except Arkot 1309. In replicated field tests at four Arkansas sites over 5 years, the five lines produced equal or more lint yield than UA48 and ‘UA222’. Wide adaptation of the lines was indicated by high lint yields of lines in 2021 regional tests. All four lines displayed high resistance to bacterial blight. Plant (leaf, stem, and bract) trichomes, tarnished plant bug response, and yield component traits varied among the lines but were generally more like UA222 than UA48.

Oil accounts for about 50% of the value of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. A changing marketplace demands soybean oil with reduced amounts of linoleic and linolenic acid to increase shelf-life and with increased amount of oleic acid to compete with heart-healthy oils. Meal accounts for the other half of the value of the crop. Higher protein quantity and quality in soybean meal increases its value as animal feed and human food. USDA-N6007HOLL is a conventional, maturity group VI soybean (Reg. no. GP-530, PI 706251) germplasm with white flower, gray pubescence, and brown pod wall jointly released by the USDA Agricultural Research Service and the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service in 2024. USDA-N6007HOLL is a high-yielding germplasm bred by backcrossing four fatty acid desaturase mutant alleles into ‘NC-Roy’. Yield, seed protein content, seed oil content, meal protein content, maturity data, plant height, lodging, and seed size of USDA-N6007HOLL were comparable to NC-Roy. These four fatty acid desaturase alleles result in oil with high-oleic (>80%) and low combined linoleic plus linolenic (<7%) acids. This oil profile meets the need of the world oil market for heart-healthy and shelf-stable oil competing well with olive and canola oil.