Journal of Plant Registrations最新文献

‘Colossus LJ’ (Reg. no. CV-563, PI 692622) and ‘Goliath LJ’ (Reg. no. CV-562, PI 692621) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars were developed by the Clemson University Pee Dee Research and Extension Center in Florence, SC, and released as forage maturity group (MG) VII and MG VIII glyphosate-tolerant cultivars, respectively. After release, both cultivars were licensed by Specialty Seed Incorporated, a company dedicated to providing premium wildlife food plot seed. Goliath LJ is an F₅-derived single plant selection from a cross between SC98-1850 and SC01-785RR. Colossus LJ is a F₄-derived line originating from a cross combination of SC98-1930 × SC00-892RR. Goliath LJ and Colossus LJ both exhibit the long juvenile trait (LJ), which can extend vegetative growth under short day growing conditions. Colossus LJ and Goliath LJ were evaluated in yield trials as MG VII and MG VIII breeding lines, respectively, over 7 years in 46 environments. When compared to grain and forage type soybean cultivars across three South Carolina environments, 2016–2018, Colossus LJ (3107 kg ha⁻¹) and Goliath LJ (2925 kg ha⁻¹) yielded significantly similar to the grain mean (2983 kg ha⁻¹) and significantly higher than the forage mean (2623 kg ha⁻¹). Plant heights of Colossus LJ (102 cm) and Goliath LJ (107 cm) were significantly higher than the grain mean (78 cm) and significantly similar to the forage mean (109 cm). Forage nutritive value analysis showed crude protein of Colossus LJ and Goliath LJ were significantly higher than the forage and grain mean measured across two growth stages. In addition, both lines exhibited a significantly lower acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber in the leaf and pod. Colossus LJ and Goliath LJ are excellent candidates for forage production because of their high biomass production, increased nutritional value, and adaptation to a wide range of growing conditions.

‘MT Blackbeard’ (Reg. no. CV-1212, PI 703025) and ‘MT Raska’ (Reg. no. CV-1213, PI 703026) are spring durum wheats (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) developed by the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station and released in 2022. MT Blackbeard was bred using a four-parent cross followed by single seed descent and was selected for high yield under rainfed conditions across Montana, low grain cadmium accumulation, large seed size, high gluten strength, and resistance to the most common races of the stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) and leaf spot pathogens in Montana. MT Raska was also bred using a four-parent cross followed by single seed descent and was selected for high yield under rainfed conditions across Montana, semi-dwarf plant height, exceptional test weight, semolina color retention, and resistance to the most common races of the stem rust and leaf spot pathogens in Montana. Both lines yield well in the North Central and Eastern regions of Montana, where most Montana durum is produced and are intended for pasta production. MT Blackbeard is approximately 72.7 cm tall, similar to the commonly produced line ‘ND Riveland’, has signature black awns, and flowers 1 day later than ND Riveland. MT Raska is approximately 56.2-cm tall, significantly shorter than ND Riveland, and flowers approximately 4 days earlier than ND Riveland.

‘Tepehuán-RS’ (Reg. no. CV-365, PI 706601), tested as line P-SALTILLO×TA-245-1-2-4, is a new drought-tolerant and slow darkening pinto bean cultivar (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Tepehuán-RS showed high grain yield in low plant densities. It was jointly developed by INIFAP, Postgraduate College and Autonomous University of Chihuahua, released by INIFAP-Sierra of Chihuahua Experimental Station. Bean is one of the most important crops in Mexico by sown area, with 1.4 million ha. The mean bean yield in Mexico is 520 kg·ha⁻¹ in rainfed conditions. Production is considerably affected by two main problems, drought and low densities of sown and harvested plants. This sparse plant cover exposes the soil for a longer period, leading to increased water loss through evaporation and exacerbating drought stress. Tepehuán-RS emerges as the superior variety in all environments studied during 2022 and 2023 with a mean yield of 2125.9 kg·ha⁻¹. While the control Pinto Saltillo showed a yield of 1818.4 kg·ha⁻¹, Tepehuán-RS produced 12.9% more than Pinto Saltillo. When analyzing all environments with drought, in 2022 and 2023, Tepehuán-RS was the best with a yield of 1645.7 kg·ha⁻¹. Under these conditions, Pinto Saltillo presented a yield of 1168.4 kg·ha⁻¹. Interestingly, Tepehuán-RS surpassed the control by a remarkable 41.8%. This variety presents the best grain yield even at low plant densities and field irrigation-drought experiments. Genetic markers and pathogen testing indicate Tepehuán-RS has the I gene for resistance to Bean common mosaic virus, the Co-4² gene for anthracnose resistance, and molecular marker Pvsd-1157 linked to slow darkening gene sd sd of the seed coat.

USDA-ARS-GMD 2427 (Reg. no. GP-1158, PI 706599), USDA-ARS-GMD 2442 (Reg. no. GP-1159, PI 706600), and USDA-ARS-GMD 24141 (Reg. no. GP-1157, PI 706598) are noncommercial breeding lines of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) released by the USDA-ARS at Stoneville, MS, in 2024. Tetraploid hybrids of tri-species, G. arboreum L/G. hirsutum/G. aridum Skovst (AADD) was derived from crosses between G. arboreum (AA) and a hexaploid bridge line, G. hirsutum/G. aridum (AADDDD) followed by three backcrosses to Upland cotton. Lines were selected in F₅ progenies and were evaluated at Stoneville in 2017, 2018, and 2019 and at seven locations across the US Cotton Belt in 2020 in the Regional High Quality test. In all tests, the three lines had significantly higher fiber strength than checks, 5% to 25% higher than the high fiber quality check, MD 15, and 10% to 18% higher than commercial checks. Other fiber properties including fiber length, uniformity, elongation, and micronaire were in acceptable ranges. Yield of the three lines was low to moderate compared with the high-yielding checks. The three lines had significantly different fiber strength and lint yield among themselves. USDA-ARS-GMD 24141 had high fiber strength with yield equivalent to SureGrow 747 and higher than MD 15. This line had intermediate resistance to Fusarium wilt race 4 compared to the susceptible checks and resistant checks. USDA-ARS-GMD 24141 is registered with another two sister lines, USDA-ARS-GMD 2427 and USDA-ARS-GMD 2442. The released germplasm lines can be used by breeders for genetic improvement of fiber strength and by molecular scientists for identification of high fiber strength genes and their genomic locations.

13AFX6 (Reg. no. GP-1151, PI 705849) and 13AFX13 (Reg. no. GP-1150, PI 705848) are noncommercial breeding lines of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) released by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service in 2023. 13AFX6 and 13AFX13 display superb fiber strength and length notably better than high fiber quality cultivars used as checks and perform well across the US Cotton Belt. Both 13AFX6 and 13AFX13 are breeding lines developed from two unique sets of single crosses between upland cotton lines. These initial crosses were followed by individual plant selections in the F₂ and F₃ generations, and progeny row selection in the F₄ generation. The F₄ selections were grown in replicated tests at College Station, TX, and Florence, SC, in 2017 and 2018. The two best unrelated lines from these evaluations were grown in the Regional Breeders Testing Network in 2019. In this trial, 13AFX6 had significantly higher fiber strength and fiber length than other entries in the test. 13AFX13 also had excellent fiber strength and length, significantly higher than the checks used in the trial. Both lines had lint yields equivalent to the DP493 and FM958 checks. The outstanding fiber quality traits and good yields make 13AFX6 and 13AFX13 excellent choices to use as parents to incorporate fiber quality into cotton breeding programs.

‘Georgia-24NHO’ (Reg. no. CV-160, PI 706577) is a new high-yielding, very high-oleic, Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)-resistant, and root-knot nematode (RKN) [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood]-resistant, large-seeded, runner-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) cultivar that was released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station in 2024. It was developed at the University of Georgia, Tifton Campus. Georgia-24NHO originated from a cross made between ‘Georgia-06G’ × GA 122704. Georgia-06G is a normal-oleic, TSWV-resistant, large-seeded, runner-type peanut cultivar. GA 122704 is a high-oleic, RKN-resistant, advanced Georgia breeding line. Pedigree selection was practiced within the early segregating generations. Performance testing began in the F_4:6 generation with the advanced pure-line selection, GA 192710. During the past 3 years (2021–2023) averaged over 13 multiple location tests without nematode pressure in Georgia, Georgia-24NHO had significantly less total disease incidence than ‘Georgia-14N’. Georgia-24NHO was also found to have a larger runner seed size as compared to the smaller runner-type check cultivar, Georgia-14N. Georgia-24NHO combines high-yield, TSWV-resistance, and RKN-resistance with large seed size and the very high-oleic trait for longer shelf-life and improved oil quality of peanut and peanut products.

‘Essekerka’ (Reg. no. CV-1211, PI 704099), hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the Agricultural Institute Osijek (Croatia) and released in 2023. Essekerka was derived from the cross ‘Irishka’ × ‘Apache’. It was tested under experimental number Osk.4.354/12-18 and showed high grain yield with enhanced dough quality in trials (2019–2022) based on farinograph analysis. Essekerka has grain yield comparable to two high-yielding hard red winter wheat check cultivars (Apache and ‘Kraljica’). Essekerka has higher grain yield than hard red winter wheat cultivar ‘Viktorija’ which is declared as check for quality. Overall, better Fusarium head blight resistance was observed in Essekerka than in ‘Vikotrija’. Compared with one of the parent Apache, in various trials Essekerka matured 2–3 days earlier and was 2- to 3-cm shorter.

The sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. bicolor] germplasm lines Tx3499–Tx3503 (Reg. no. GP-948–Reg. no. GP-952, PI 706257–PI 706261) were developed by the Texas A&M AgriLife Research sorghum breeding program in 2024. These lines are resistant to acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides used for post-emergence control of common grass weeds. Genetic resistance to aryloxyphenoxypropionate and phenylpyrazoline class herbicides was introgressed into Tx3499–Tx3503 from a donor line that contained a single partially dominant gene. These lines represent diverse pedigrees and an array of combinations of grain color, plant color, maintenance of sterility or restoration of fertility to A₁ male-sterile cytoplasm, as well as other agronomic traits. They provide the sorghum industry with sources of resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in elite backgrounds for use as seed and pollinator parent germplasm.

Kernel hardness is a primary determinant of the milling and end use quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and is largely genetically controlled by the Pin genes on chromosome 5D in common wheat. Wheat carrying the wild-type alleles of the Pin genes exhibits softer kernel texture, higher break flour yield, finer flour particle, and lower damaged starch content than wheat carrying one or two mutant alleles of the Pin genes. The USDA-ARS developed and released two extra-soft soft red winter (SRW) wheat germplasms, SWQL11-146-4 (Reg. no. GP-1100, PI 706439) and SWQL11-156-5 (Reg. no. GP-1101, PI 706440), by introgression of the Pin genes on chromosome 5A (Pin 5A genes) from a ‘Chinese Spring’ translocation line to SRW wheat cultivars. SWQL11-146-4 and SWQL11-156-5 were derived from the crosses of OH04-264-58*2//T5A^mS-5AS∙5AL R#45/OH04-264-58/3/GA 991371-6E13 and Milton/T5A^mS-5AS∙5AL R#45//3*USG 3555, respectively, and were grown in four different environments and analyzed for grain and milling characteristics and agronomic performance. Kernel hardness values averaged across environments were 0.7–1.4 in extra-soft wheat germplasms, 15.3–17.4 in their sibling lines without the Pin 5A genes (wild types), and 18.7-21.3 in recurrent parents. The break flour yields of SWQL11-146-4 and SWQL11-156-5 were significantly higher than those of the corresponding wild types and parents. SWQL11-146-4 had a higher test weight and flour yield than its wild types and parent. The introgression of the Pin 5A genes induced insignificant changes in kernel diameter and weight, grain protein content, and agronomic performance (heading date, plant height, and grain yield). These two extra-soft wheat germplasms would be valuable genetic resources for improving the milling and end use quality of soft wheat.

In South Florida, sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is cultivated on muck (organic) and sandy (mineral) soils. In 2022, 119,014 ha of sugarcane was grown on muck soil, which encompassed 72.2% of the total sugarcane acreage in Florida. The Canal Point (CP) sugarcane breeding program has the mandate of developing improved sugarcane cultivars for Florida growers. ‘CP 16-1883’ (Reg. no. CV-219, PI 705625), a sugarcane cultivar, and complex hybrid of Saccharum spp., was developed through cooperative research of the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League and was released to growers in Florida on June 6, 2023. CP 16-1883 was selected from the cross CPX13-0991 made at CP Sugarcane Field Station on December 9, 2013; varieties ‘CPCL 05-1201’ and ‘CP 07-1746’ were the female and male parents, respectively. CP 16-1883 was selected from the early stages of selection based on its high cane yield, sucrose content, and sugar yield, and its acceptable resistance to main diseases affecting sugarcane in South Florida. Replicated trials, including CP 16-1883, were planted on muck soils at five locations and harvested during three crops cycles at each location. The overall cane yield, commercial recoverable sucrose, sucrose content, and the economic index of CP 16-1883 were higher than the reference cultivars. In addition, CP 16-1883 displays good ratooning ability for cane yield and minimal Pol and sucrose decreases after freezing temperatures.