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Verification of Game-Based Psychotherapy Intervention Model for Elderly with Memory Disorder Using Expert Review Approach 运用专家评审法验证基于游戏的老年记忆障碍心理治疗干预模型
Pub Date : 2022-08-06 DOI: 10.11113/humentech.v1n2.23
Laura Lim Sie-Yi, Noraziah ChePa, N. Yusoff, Wan Ahmad Jaafar Wan Yahaya, Rusdi Ishak
Game interventions have been demonstrated to have significant effects in terms of increasing treatment adherence and accessibility in the health profession. The use of game has a great therapeutic influence on the experience when doing recovery workouts. Due to its strengths, a game-based intervention model for elderly with memory disorder is proposed. The proposed model consists of both exogenous and instantaneous factors as its main components. Nine exogenous factors are attitude, emotion, skill, belief; support, attractive, fun, reminiscence, complexity. Six instantaneous factors are perceived focus, enjoyment, motivation, comfortability, perceived control, and boredom. To ensure its correctness, verification procedure has been carried out by using an expert review approach involving five experts from three different domains. Qualitative and quantitative feedbacks from the experts are used in refining the proposed model. Our works can be extended by incorporating other related theories to strengthen the model such as reminiscence and flow theories. The improved model is significant in providing a guideline of game-based intervention to other related domains. Our works are believed as effective in improving cognition among elderly, the interesting and positive findings can be attributed to the integration of digital game and psychotherapy for elderly, particularly those with memory disorder symptoms.
游戏干预已被证明在提高治疗依从性和卫生专业可及性方面具有显著效果。在进行恢复训练时,使用游戏对体验有很大的治疗影响。鉴于其优势,本文提出了一种基于游戏的老年记忆障碍干预模型。该模型主要由外生因子和瞬时因子组成。九个外生因素是态度、情感、技能、信念;支持、吸引、有趣、怀旧、复杂。六个瞬时因素是感知焦点、享受、动机、舒适、感知控制和无聊。为了确保其正确性,采用专家评审的方法进行了验证程序,涉及来自三个不同领域的五名专家。来自专家的定性和定量反馈用于改进所提出的模型。我们的工作可以通过纳入其他相关理论来扩展,例如回忆理论和流动理论来加强模型。改进后的模型对其他相关领域的博弈干预具有重要的指导意义。我们的工作被认为对改善老年人的认知是有效的,这些有趣而积极的发现可以归功于数字游戏与老年人心理治疗的结合,特别是那些有记忆障碍症状的老年人。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation Analyses Related to Human Bone Scaffold: Utilisation of Solidworks® Software in 3D Modelling and Mechanical Simulation Analyses 与人骨支架相关的仿真分析:Solidworks®软件在3D建模和机械仿真分析中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-08-06 DOI: 10.11113/humentech.v1n2.28
Abdullah Sharaf Saleh Al-Hammadi, S. Saidin, M. H. Ramlee
Bone loss is risen due to fractures, surgeries and traumatic injuries. Scientists and engineers work over the years to find solutions to heal and accelerate bone regeneration. Bone grafting technique has been utilised which projects significant improvement in bone regeneration area. An extensive study is essential on the relation between the mechanical properties of bone scaffolds and the design of bone scaffolds in forecasting permeability access to promote bone growth and nutrient distribution. In reducing cost and time, mechanical simulation analyses are beneficial to simulate the relation. There are abundant of review works on the mechanical simulation analyses towards orthopaedic metallic implants. While the review on simulation analyses towards bone scaffolds are scarce. Therefore, this review study is intended to expose the utilisation of computer simulation analysis, specifically Solidworks® software in modelling three-dimensional (3D) scaffold models, performing mechanical simulation and analysing bone scaffold structure. The data were collected from three main sources of Google search, Scopus search and Science Direct search. From this review procedure, there are various computational software have been combined and used to perform several types of simulation analyses on bone scaffolds including Solidwork, Ansys, Abaqus, COMSOL Multiphysics, MATLAB etc. Among the simulation analyses, two main tests that can be simulated are mechanical test and fluid modelling. Solidwork® as one of the computer-aided design softwares has been extensively used to design two and 3D models. The advancement of this software on the performance of mechanical simulation analyses has also extended its application towards variety of applications including on bone scaffold evaluation. There are several parameters which are necessary to be set prior to the conduction of mechanical simulation analysis such as applied forces, material properties, mesh properties and boundary condition. As a conclusion, Solidwork® software is applicable to be used as a 3D modelling software to design bone scaffolds and to perform mechanical simulation analyses.
骨折、手术和外伤导致骨质流失增加。科学家和工程师们多年来一直在寻找治愈和加速骨骼再生的解决方案。骨移植技术的应用使骨再生领域有了显著的改善。为了预测骨通透性通路,促进骨生长和营养物质分布,有必要深入研究骨支架的力学性能与骨支架设计之间的关系。在降低成本和节省时间方面,力学仿真分析有利于模拟两者之间的关系。骨科金属种植体的力学模拟分析已有大量的综述。而对骨支架的模拟分析研究却很少。因此,本综述研究旨在揭示计算机仿真分析,特别是Solidworks®软件在三维(3D)支架模型建模中的应用,进行力学模拟和分析骨支架结构。数据主要来自三个来源:Google搜索、Scopus搜索和Science Direct搜索。从这个回顾过程中,有各种计算软件被结合起来并用于对骨支架进行几种类型的模拟分析,包括Solidwork, Ansys, Abaqus, COMSOL Multiphysics, MATLAB等。在模拟分析中,可以模拟的试验主要有力学试验和流体模拟。Solidwork®作为计算机辅助设计软件之一,已被广泛用于设计二维和三维模型。该软件在力学模拟分析性能方面的进步也扩展了其在包括骨支架评估在内的各种应用中的应用。在进行力学模拟分析之前,有几个参数是必须设置的,如施加的力、材料特性、网格特性和边界条件。综上所述,Solidwork®软件适用于作为三维建模软件进行骨支架设计和力学仿真分析。
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引用次数: 0
CFD Simulation on Permeability of Porous Scaffolds for Human Skeletal System 人体骨骼系统多孔支架透气性的CFD模拟
Pub Date : 2022-02-06 DOI: 10.11113/humentech.v1n1.11
Norhana Jusoh, Amirul Azri, Auni Nurhaziqah Mohd Noor, Azizul Hakim Khair, Azureen Naja Amsan, Muhammad Husaini Amir Hussein, Muhammad Syahmi Hafizi Abd Shukor, Tariq Muhammad Aminnudin, Adlisa Abdul Samad
Human skeletal system provides the protection of all organs and supports the loads from various daily activities. Therefore, the main objective of bone scaffold is to have mechanical strength to support the load and have the permeability that will have mass fluid transfer to enhance the healing of defects. In this study, we simulated the permeability of hexagonal unit cells at different pore sizes (1.0 mm, 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm) and at different inlet velocities (0.001 mm/s, 0.5 mm/s and 1 mm/s) by using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) in Ansys software. Our finding shows that pressure drop from inlet to the outlet of the unit cell’s pore increased corresponding to the decreasing of pores diameter.  In contrast, increasing the velocities has increased the pressure drop from inlet to the outlet. The pressure drop at 0.001 mm/s, 0.5 mm/s and 1mm/s inlet velocities were 1.40×10-4 Pa, 7.02×10-2 Pa and 1.41×10-1 Pa, respectively for 1.0 mm pore size.  The gradual decreased of the pressure will give the cell and nutrient to be diffused to the inner part of the scaffold. We calculated the permeability for each unit cell, and it can be acceptable based on the upper limit of human bone permeability. The variation in velocities did not gave significant differences for the scaffold permeability. However, the different of pore sizes gave significant effect in the scaffold permeability. The permeability value at 0.001 mm/s for 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm pore size were 2.900×10-8 m2, 4.863×10-8 m2 and 8.529×10-8 m2, respectively. By taking into accounts the pressure drop and permeability value, unit cell with 1 mm pore size is predicted to show a better performance in promoting cell growth due to the better flow characteristics in the scaffold. Permeability prediction will help in producing a functional bone scaffold that crucial in bone regeneration of the human skeletal system.
人体骨骼系统提供保护所有器官,并支持各种日常活动的负荷。因此,骨支架的主要目标是具有机械强度来支撑载荷,并具有渗透性,从而进行质液传递以促进缺陷的愈合。本研究利用Ansys软件中的计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟了不同孔径(1.0 mm、1.5 mm和2.0 mm)和不同入口速度(0.001 mm/s、0.5 mm/s和1mm /s)下六角形单胞的渗透性。结果表明,随着孔直径的减小,从孔入口到孔出口的压降增大。相反,速度的增加增加了从进口到出口的压降。孔径为1.0 mm时,进口速度为0.001 mm/s、0.5 mm/s和1mm/s时的压降分别为1.40×10-4 Pa、7.02×10-2 Pa和1.41×10-1 Pa。压力的逐渐降低会使细胞和营养物质向支架内部扩散。我们计算了每个单位细胞的通透性,根据人体骨通透性上限,可以接受。速度的变化对支架的渗透性没有显著的影响。然而,不同孔径对支架的渗透性有显著影响。1.0 mm、1.5 mm和2.0 mm孔径下0.001 mm/s的渗透率分别为2.900×10-8 m2、4.863×10-8 m2和8.529×10-8 m2。综合考虑压降和渗透率值,预测孔径为1mm的单体细胞由于支架内的流动特性更好,促进细胞生长的性能更好。渗透性预测将有助于生产在人类骨骼系统骨再生中至关重要的功能性骨支架。
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引用次数: 0
Review on the Effectiveness of Aromatherapy Oils in the Learning of Autistic Children in an Educational Setting 芳香疗法对自闭症儿童学习效果的研究综述
Pub Date : 2022-02-06 DOI: 10.11113/humentech.v1n1.5
J. Dolah, Armeet Kaur Chal Amreek Singh, Aznan Che Ahmad, M. Mustafa, A. A. Abdul Majid, Nur Zaidi Azraai, Norfarizah Mohd Bakhir
This review was performed to determine the objective of therapeutic intervention on the learning of autistic children. This literature review aimed at addressing two critical issues: (1) the benefits of aromatherapy oils, including the understanding of its effect on ASD children in literature, and (2) the significance of its effect on their learning. An extensive search was carried out on various online databases, including ERIC, ProQuest Education Journals, and Scopus using the following phrases: (“aromatherapy oils” or “aromatherapy oils in learning”) and (“ASD children”). The studies selected for this review examined therapeutic interventions to improve the learning of autistic children and were analyzed using the content analysis method. Despite appeals for further studies in the 1980 and 1990s, no scientific evidence is available to substantiate the use of aromatherapy oils for learning. Although there are increased studies on aromatherapy oils, the impact on learning, especially for ASD children, has not been investigated. Furthermore, the methodological details on the use of aromatherapy oils in education remain poor. This study demonstrated that traditional methods for treating people with autism are not the only approach and that there is an alternative method using essential oils that is both healthy and toxic-free. The efficiency of basic oil was refuted, and clear evidence of essential oil benefits for people with autism understand was presented. This study would be of great interest to parties including parents of autistic children and organizations that assist people with autism.
本综述旨在确定孤独症儿童学习治疗干预的目的。本文献综述旨在解决两个关键问题:(1)芳香精油的益处,包括文献中对其对ASD儿童的影响的理解;(2)芳香精油对他们学习的影响的意义。在各种在线数据库中进行了广泛的搜索,包括ERIC, ProQuest教育期刊和Scopus,使用以下短语:(“香薰油”或“香薰油在学习中”)和(“ASD儿童”)。本综述选取的研究考察了改善自闭症儿童学习的治疗干预措施,并采用内容分析法进行了分析。尽管在20世纪80年代和90年代呼吁进行进一步的研究,但没有科学证据可以证实香薰油用于学习。尽管对香薰油的研究越来越多,但对学习的影响,特别是对ASD儿童的影响,尚未得到调查。此外,关于在教育中使用香薰油的方法细节仍然很差。这项研究表明,治疗自闭症患者的传统方法并不是唯一的方法,还有一种使用精油的替代方法,这种方法既健康又无毒。基础油的有效性被反驳,并提出了精油对自闭症患者有益的明确证据。这项研究将引起包括自闭症儿童的父母和帮助自闭症患者的组织在内的各方的极大兴趣。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptual Design of a Socially Intelligent Agent with Triadic Empathy and Theory of Mind for Mental Health Support 具有三合一共情和心理理论的社会智能主体的心理健康支持概念设计
Pub Date : 2022-02-06 DOI: 10.11113/humentech.v1n1.12
Azizi Ab Aziz, M. Jemili
For socially intelligent agents to become a fully digital therapist to support individual with mental health problem in the future, they need to know how to socially interact with humans. One of the key ingredients to allow this skill to take place is an ability to exhibit empathic behaviours. Despite a number of socially intelligent agents were build with empathic behaviour, they only cover single empathy behaviour, contrary to more complex triadic empathic behaviours. In this article, the conceptual design and model to implement triadic empathy in socially intelligent agents is presented.
对于社会智能代理来说,要成为一个完全数字化的治疗师,以支持未来有心理健康问题的个体,他们需要知道如何与人类进行社交互动。让这种技能发生的关键因素之一是表现出移情行为的能力。尽管许多社会智能主体是通过共情行为构建的,但它们只涵盖单一的共情行为,而不是更复杂的三重共情行为。本文提出了在社会智能体中实现三合一共情的概念设计和模型。
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引用次数: 1
Mobile Application for Horse Training Program System 马训练计划系统的移动应用程序
Pub Date : 2022-02-06 DOI: 10.11113/humentech.v1n1.9
Amirul Asyraf Rosman, Hadafi Fitri Mohd Latip
Different equestrian sports may necessitate distinct training regimens or demands. Inadequate knowledge of appropriate and acceptable horse exercise regimes and training programs may result in horse injury and non-progressive horse performance. It is critical to adopt exercise or training programs that are based on a correct training concept, as this can assist horse riders in having a proper planned training management and therefore developing their horse's performance. Mobile phone applications are so entwined in modern culture and are continuously accessible to users, they could be beneficial as mobile coaching systems targeted at raising physical activity levels. The goal of this research is to employ mobile application software to guide horse riders in conditioning their horses to optimal performance and to emphasize the need of using appropriate and accurate equipment. The theory of development of the app will be using ADDIE model. The mobile application was developed using the online software development tool; Kodular Creator.
不同的马术运动可能需要不同的训练方案或要求。对适当和可接受的马运动制度和训练计划的不充分了解可能导致马受伤和马的表现不进步。采用基于正确训练理念的锻炼或训练计划是至关重要的,因为这可以帮助骑手有一个适当的计划训练管理,从而提高他们的马的表现。手机应用程序与现代文化交织在一起,用户可以随时使用,它们可以作为旨在提高身体活动水平的移动教练系统。本研究的目的是利用移动应用软件来指导骑手调节马匹以达到最佳表现,并强调使用适当和准确的设备的必要性。应用程序的开发理论将采用ADDIE模型。使用在线软件开发工具开发移动应用程序;Kodular创造者。
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引用次数: 0
Classification of Lung Cancer Stages from CT Scan Images Using Image Processing and k-Nearest Neighbours 基于图像处理和k近邻的CT扫描图像肺癌分期分类
Pub Date : 2022-02-06 DOI: 10.11113/humentech.v1n1.6
M. F. Abdullah, S. N. Sulaiman, M. K. Usman, Norimah A. Karim, I. Shuaib, Muhamad Daniyal Irfan Alhamdu, A. I. Che Ani
Lung cancer is the prevalent cause of death among people around the world. The detection of the existence of lung cancer can be performed in a variety of ways, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radiography, and computed tomography (CT). Such techniques take up a lot of time and financial resources. Nevertheless, for the detection of lung cancer, CT provides a lower cost, fast imaging time, and increased availability. Early diagnosis of lung cancer may help physicians treat patients to minimize the number of deaths. This paper revolves around the categorization of lung cancer stages from CT scan images using image processing and k-Nearest Neighbor. The central objective of this study is therefore to establish an image processing technique for extracting features of lung cancer from CT scan images. Extracting the features from the segmented image can help to detect cancer inside the lung. The purposed method comprises the following steps by using image processing techniques: data collection, data pre-processing, features selection, and lung cancer classification. The pre-processing was done using a median filter to remove noise contained in the images. Three features need to be extracted which are area, perimeter, and centroid. Finally, the set of data with these features were used as inputs for lung cancer classification. By analysis results, the kNN method has a high accuracy of 98.15%.
肺癌是世界各地人们死亡的主要原因。肺癌的存在可以通过多种方式进行检测,如磁共振成像(MRI)、放射照相和计算机断层扫描(CT)。这些技术占用了大量的时间和财力。然而,对于肺癌的检测,CT提供了更低的成本,更快的成像时间,并增加了可用性。肺癌的早期诊断可以帮助医生治疗患者,以减少死亡人数。本文围绕CT扫描图像中肺癌分期的分类,采用图像处理和k近邻方法。因此,本研究的中心目标是建立一种从CT扫描图像中提取肺癌特征的图像处理技术。从分割后的图像中提取特征有助于检测肺内肿瘤。本发明利用图像处理技术,包括以下步骤:数据采集、数据预处理、特征选择、肺癌分类。预处理使用中值滤波器去除图像中包含的噪声。需要提取三个特征:面积、周长和质心。最后,将具有这些特征的数据集作为肺癌分类的输入。分析结果表明,kNN方法的准确率高达98.15%。
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引用次数: 1
Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Analyses on Aloe vera Body Soap 芦荟沐浴皂的抗菌及细胞毒性分析
Pub Date : 2022-02-06 DOI: 10.11113/humentech.v1n1.13
A. Lo, Nurizzati Mohd Daud, N. M. Zain
Aloe vera is a well-known succulent plant and it is often used to moisturise and sooth the skin. In this study, Aloe vera is incorporated into natural soap to investigate the antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity of the samples. The antibacterial properties of the Aloe vera sample was determined by performing zone inhibition and bacterial colony test on Escherichia coli (E. coli). The cell viability test was conducted with human skin fibroblast cells through MTT assay. The Aloe vera samples showed antibacterial properties through the presence of inhibition zones and in the bacterial colony analysis, the Aloe vera samples have inhibitory effect against E. coli with a bacterial retardation percentage of 31.97±0.90%. The cell viability percentage of 95.30±11.16% was found on the Aloe vera sample with normal cell morphology. These results testified that the Aloe vera sample was biocompatible and possessed antibacterial properties which is suitable to be incorporated in skin products.
芦荟是一种众所周知的多肉植物,它经常被用来滋润和舒缓皮肤。在本研究中,芦荟被掺入天然肥皂,以研究样品的抗菌性能和细胞毒性。对大肠杆菌进行区抑菌和菌落试验,测定芦荟样品的抑菌性能。采用MTT法对人皮肤成纤维细胞进行细胞活力测定。结果表明,芦荟样品存在抑菌带,对大肠杆菌有抑菌作用,抑菌率为31.97±0.90%。细胞形态正常的芦荟细胞存活率为95.30±11.16%。结果表明,该芦荟样品具有良好的生物相容性和抗菌性能,适合应用于护肤品中。
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引用次数: 0
Degradation Analysis on Electrospun Membrane of Polyurethane Blended Chitosan for Cardiovascular Graft 聚氨基甲酸酯复合壳聚糖电纺丝膜的降解分析
Pub Date : 2022-02-06 DOI: 10.11113/humentech.v1n1.8
Thiviya Selvaras, S. Jaganathan, Sivakumar Sivalingam, S. Saidin
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is classified as the heart abnormality aside from myocardial damage which results in the blockage of coronary arteries which supply blood to the heart. In this study, a degradable vascular graft was developed to overcome the complications that associated with CHD. The degradable graft was fabricated in a structure of electrospun membranes using polyurethane (PU) matrix blended with chitosan (CS). The degradation analyses were performed through an immersion procedure by conducting the weight loss measurement and the element release test. The blending of PU with CS resulted in the increment of membrane degradability. The CS elements were released from the PU/CS membranes following the Higuchi model release mechanism. As a conclusion, the PU/CS membranes possess the degradable properties which might serve as a plausible candidate for the development of vascular graft for repairing cardiac damage.
冠心病(CHD)被归类为除了心肌损害之外的心脏异常,导致向心脏供血的冠状动脉阻塞。在这项研究中,开发了一种可降解的血管移植物来克服冠心病相关的并发症。以聚氨基甲酸乙酯(PU)为基体,壳聚糖(CS)共混制备了电纺丝膜结构的可降解接枝材料。降解分析通过浸渍程序进行,进行失重测量和元素释放试验。PU与CS的共混提高了膜的可降解性。CS元素按照Higuchi模型释放机制从PU/CS膜中释放出来。综上所述,PU/CS膜具有可降解的特性,可能成为血管移植修复心脏损伤的可行候选材料。
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引用次数: 2
System Usability Survey for Mobile Application for Horse Training Program 马匹训练计划移动应用程序的系统可用性调查
Pub Date : 2022-02-06 DOI: 10.11113/humentech.v1n1.10
Amirul Asyraf Rosman, Hadafi Fitri Mohd Latip
In order to effectively train a horse, it is critical to adopt exercise or training programs that are based on a correct training concept, as this can assist horse riders in having a proper planned training management and therefore developing their horse's performance. Mobile phone applications are so entwined in modern culture and are continuously accessible to users as they could be beneficial as mobile coaching systems. The goal of this research is to employ mobile application software to guide horse riders in conditioning their horses to optimal performance and to emphasize the need of using appropriate and accurate equipment. The theory of app development of the app will be using ADDIE model. The process of creating this mobile app will be undergoing five different phases of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. A sample of 40 respondents had been given free access to use and try the mobile application before a System Usability Scale (SUS) test was given. Results from the five positive-preferred SUS components had obtained a range of mean from 4.30 to 4.60, which are very close to the ideal of 5.00. The range of standard deviation also shows better whereby the range are between 0.54948 to 0.91147 which are under common ideal practice which is 1.10. The results obtained show that the users were satisfied and the usability of the mobile application was good, up to 82.5% of the respondents were interested to install the mobile application, and positive feedbacks were also recorded. These results show that people are ready and willing to use the mobile application as an alternative way to an accessible horse exercise options and horse training programs in easier way.
为了有效地训练马匹,采用基于正确训练理念的运动或训练计划是至关重要的,因为这可以帮助骑手有一个适当的计划训练管理,从而提高他们的马的表现。手机应用程序与现代文化交织在一起,用户可以随时访问它们,因为它们可以作为移动教练系统而有益。本研究的目的是利用移动应用软件来指导骑手调节马匹以达到最佳表现,并强调使用适当和准确的设备的必要性。应用程序开发的理论将采用ADDIE模型。创建这款手机应用程序的过程将经历五个不同的阶段:分析、设计、开发、实施和评估。在进行系统可用性量表(SUS)测试之前,40名受访者被允许免费使用和试用移动应用程序。五个正偏好SUS组件的结果获得了从4.30到4.60的平均值范围,非常接近理想的5.00。标准偏差的范围也显示得更好,范围在0.54948到0.91147之间,这是在常见的理想实践下,这是1.10。结果表明,用户满意,手机应用的可用性良好,高达82.5%的受访者有兴趣安装手机应用,并记录了积极的反馈。这些结果表明,人们已经准备好并愿意使用移动应用程序,以一种更容易的方式来替代可访问的马匹锻炼选择和马匹训练计划。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Human Centered Technology
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