Pub Date : 2008-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599683
D. Dvir, A. Sadeh, A. Malach-Pines
Person-organization fit, the match between individuals and the organizations in which they work, has been extended to the fit between entrepreneurspsila personality (ENTP) and the profiles of ventures (VP) they manage, and its relationship to the venturepsilas success. Sixty three Israeli entrepreneurs working in new ventures responded to a specially designed questionnaire that included the following parts: (A) provided general data on the new venture; (B) assessed the venture type along two dimensions: novelty and technological uncertainty; (C) assessed the entrepreneurspsila personality that seemed relevant to these two dimensions and (D) assessed the venturespsila success. Findings revealed that entrepreneurs in high novelty and high technological uncertainty ventures had higher education and were more investigative, entrepreneurial, secure, curious and adventurous and less abiding of rules than those in low novelty and technological uncertainty ventures. These findings were interpreted as suggesting that entrepreneurs are more attracted to ventures that fit their personality. In addition, high novelty high technological uncertainty ventures were found to be significantly more successful (on 7 out of 10 success measures used) when compared to the low novelty and low technological uncertainty ventures.
{"title":"The fit between entrepreneurs’ personality (ENTP) and the profile of the venture (VP) they manage and business success: An exploratory study","authors":"D. Dvir, A. Sadeh, A. Malach-Pines","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599683","url":null,"abstract":"Person-organization fit, the match between individuals and the organizations in which they work, has been extended to the fit between entrepreneurspsila personality (ENTP) and the profiles of ventures (VP) they manage, and its relationship to the venturepsilas success. Sixty three Israeli entrepreneurs working in new ventures responded to a specially designed questionnaire that included the following parts: (A) provided general data on the new venture; (B) assessed the venture type along two dimensions: novelty and technological uncertainty; (C) assessed the entrepreneurspsila personality that seemed relevant to these two dimensions and (D) assessed the venturespsila success. Findings revealed that entrepreneurs in high novelty and high technological uncertainty ventures had higher education and were more investigative, entrepreneurial, secure, curious and adventurous and less abiding of rules than those in low novelty and technological uncertainty ventures. These findings were interpreted as suggesting that entrepreneurs are more attracted to ventures that fit their personality. In addition, high novelty high technological uncertainty ventures were found to be significantly more successful (on 7 out of 10 success measures used) when compared to the low novelty and low technological uncertainty ventures.","PeriodicalId":168329,"journal":{"name":"PICMET '08 - 2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122447663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599800
V. Khanna
Purpose - The last two decades have seen a remarkable increase in both interest and reactions to the concept of preserving the environment. This can be attributed to the increasing statutory and regulatory requirements of government and the pressure from consumers and the life- threatening of global ecosystem deterioration. Therefore, organizations are constantly under pressure to develop and implement Environmental Management System (EMS). While some sincere efforts have been made by the Indian organizations to implement EMS and their performance have been very good, still countrywide efforts are not adequate. Methodology/approach - This paper presents the adoption of EMS in Indian organizations, extent of EMS elements used and the status of implementation of cleaner production activities by the industries. This paper also presents the benefits accrued by the Indian industries based on 56 industries feedback who are either ISO 14001 certified companies or in the advance stage of ISO 14001 implementation. This has been supplemented by some case studies of the leading Indian organizations. Findings - Most of the Indian organizations feel that EMS has a positive effect in their performance. It is observed that Indian organizations are more inclined towards getting ISO 14001 certification rather than taking full advantage of EMS However, it is evident from the analysis that overall adoption of cleaner production activities are at the low level. The majority of the organizations seem to be implementing EMS out of pressure from competition, customer, government, domestic and export market. The paper concludes that though environmental awareness is on the increase in India, and commitment as well as compliance levels are far higher than before, India still lags behind in the implementation and has to go a long way. Research limitations/implications - The investigation and research findings are still exploratory. Future research can focus on the organizations that are at the initial stage of EMS implementation and comparison can be drawn. Future research can focus on sector wise performance. Broadly based and larger sample size would provide better picture of EMS implementation status in Indian organizations. Originality/value - Analysis is based on questionnaire based feedback. The study has been able to identify the extent of the usage of key EMS elements/ implementation of cleaner production activities and drivers for the implementation of EMS. The findings have been supported by the select Indian case studies.
{"title":"An indian experience of environmental management system","authors":"V. Khanna","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599800","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - The last two decades have seen a remarkable increase in both interest and reactions to the concept of preserving the environment. This can be attributed to the increasing statutory and regulatory requirements of government and the pressure from consumers and the life- threatening of global ecosystem deterioration. Therefore, organizations are constantly under pressure to develop and implement Environmental Management System (EMS). While some sincere efforts have been made by the Indian organizations to implement EMS and their performance have been very good, still countrywide efforts are not adequate. Methodology/approach - This paper presents the adoption of EMS in Indian organizations, extent of EMS elements used and the status of implementation of cleaner production activities by the industries. This paper also presents the benefits accrued by the Indian industries based on 56 industries feedback who are either ISO 14001 certified companies or in the advance stage of ISO 14001 implementation. This has been supplemented by some case studies of the leading Indian organizations. Findings - Most of the Indian organizations feel that EMS has a positive effect in their performance. It is observed that Indian organizations are more inclined towards getting ISO 14001 certification rather than taking full advantage of EMS However, it is evident from the analysis that overall adoption of cleaner production activities are at the low level. The majority of the organizations seem to be implementing EMS out of pressure from competition, customer, government, domestic and export market. The paper concludes that though environmental awareness is on the increase in India, and commitment as well as compliance levels are far higher than before, India still lags behind in the implementation and has to go a long way. Research limitations/implications - The investigation and research findings are still exploratory. Future research can focus on the organizations that are at the initial stage of EMS implementation and comparison can be drawn. Future research can focus on sector wise performance. Broadly based and larger sample size would provide better picture of EMS implementation status in Indian organizations. Originality/value - Analysis is based on questionnaire based feedback. The study has been able to identify the extent of the usage of key EMS elements/ implementation of cleaner production activities and drivers for the implementation of EMS. The findings have been supported by the select Indian case studies.","PeriodicalId":168329,"journal":{"name":"PICMET '08 - 2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123508249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599819
P. Dash, M. Monalisa
Technological education needs along with education policies are essential for the socio-economic development of any nation. However it needs to be managed properly. This paper presents a study done on how technical education changed course in Bhubaneswar, the capital city of Orissa, a state on the east coast of India. The change was a reaction to the Information Technology boom in India combined with the modification of education policies by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), which oversees the accreditation process of engineering colleges in India. The numerous engineering colleges and institutions that have mushroomed over the past five to seven years in the greater city of Bhubaneswar are proof to this. But the question is have they met the needs of the industry now? Does this new education system have the right ingredients for economic success? More importantly, can it be sustained long-term? This case study takes an exploratory approach to look at how engineering education has grown in Bhubaneswar and attempts to identify gaps in this specific instance which illustrates that technological education needs management.
{"title":"Engineering Education in Orissa - is it sustainable?","authors":"P. Dash, M. Monalisa","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599819","url":null,"abstract":"Technological education needs along with education policies are essential for the socio-economic development of any nation. However it needs to be managed properly. This paper presents a study done on how technical education changed course in Bhubaneswar, the capital city of Orissa, a state on the east coast of India. The change was a reaction to the Information Technology boom in India combined with the modification of education policies by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), which oversees the accreditation process of engineering colleges in India. The numerous engineering colleges and institutions that have mushroomed over the past five to seven years in the greater city of Bhubaneswar are proof to this. But the question is have they met the needs of the industry now? Does this new education system have the right ingredients for economic success? More importantly, can it be sustained long-term? This case study takes an exploratory approach to look at how engineering education has grown in Bhubaneswar and attempts to identify gaps in this specific instance which illustrates that technological education needs management.","PeriodicalId":168329,"journal":{"name":"PICMET '08 - 2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126984776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599867
J. McCreery, L. Aiman-Smith
Many organizations are in the midst of a services transformation. Along with the ongoing need to provide differentiated products, firms are being asked to go to market with an increasing variety of customized service offerings. A key challenge in this new competitive environment is navigating through the complex dynamics of customer and stakeholder management from service definition through service delivery (Irons, 1994; Teboul, 2006). Success in this new services environment requires multi-talented individuals. They must be able to develop strong customer relationships and manage complex social networks, while also having a deep understanding of relevant service technologies and processes. These talented individuals are boundary spanners. Boundary spanners link their organizations with the outside world (Russ et al., 1998). An example of this boundary spanning role in high technology services is the customer-facing project manager. In this study we present the results of a set of interviews with such project managers. We compare and contrast our findings with general competencies identified in the project management literature, identify the differentiating competencies in this emerging and vital role, and make recommendations for closing the critical gaps.
许多组织正处于服务转型的过程中。随着提供差异化产品的持续需求，企业被要求以越来越多的定制服务产品进入市场。在这种新的竞争环境中，一个关键的挑战是从服务定义到服务交付，在客户和利益相关者管理的复杂动态中导航(Irons, 1994;Teboul, 2006)。在这种新的服务环境中取得成功需要具备多种才能的个人。他们必须能够发展强大的客户关系，管理复杂的社交网络，同时对相关的服务技术和流程也有深刻的理解。这些有才华的人是边界跨越者。边界扳手将其组织与外部世界联系起来(Russ et al.， 1998)。在高科技服务中，这种跨界角色的一个例子是面向客户的项目经理。在这项研究中，我们提出了一系列对这些项目经理的访谈结果。我们将我们的发现与项目管理文献中确定的一般能力进行比较和对比，确定这一新兴和重要角色的差异化能力，并提出缩小关键差距的建议。
{"title":"Organizational boundary spanners — identifying competencies and gaps","authors":"J. McCreery, L. Aiman-Smith","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599867","url":null,"abstract":"Many organizations are in the midst of a services transformation. Along with the ongoing need to provide differentiated products, firms are being asked to go to market with an increasing variety of customized service offerings. A key challenge in this new competitive environment is navigating through the complex dynamics of customer and stakeholder management from service definition through service delivery (Irons, 1994; Teboul, 2006). Success in this new services environment requires multi-talented individuals. They must be able to develop strong customer relationships and manage complex social networks, while also having a deep understanding of relevant service technologies and processes. These talented individuals are boundary spanners. Boundary spanners link their organizations with the outside world (Russ et al., 1998). An example of this boundary spanning role in high technology services is the customer-facing project manager. In this study we present the results of a set of interviews with such project managers. We compare and contrast our findings with general competencies identified in the project management literature, identify the differentiating competencies in this emerging and vital role, and make recommendations for closing the critical gaps.","PeriodicalId":168329,"journal":{"name":"PICMET '08 - 2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127128446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599624
D. Winzker, L. Pretorius
High Technology Companies in Developing Countries are sometimes suspiciously viewed as ldquoexpensive endeavorsrdquo of doubtful benefit when these developing countries struggle with serious social problems such as poverty, unemployment and poor infrastructure. The argument being that the effort in high technology only benefits an elitist few and that the country has to put their resources to solving the social problems rather than dabble in high technology projects.
{"title":"The leverage effect of holistic engineering and technology management to sustain a developing economy","authors":"D. Winzker, L. Pretorius","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599624","url":null,"abstract":"High Technology Companies in Developing Countries are sometimes suspiciously viewed as ldquoexpensive endeavorsrdquo of doubtful benefit when these developing countries struggle with serious social problems such as poverty, unemployment and poor infrastructure. The argument being that the effort in high technology only benefits an elitist few and that the country has to put their resources to solving the social problems rather than dabble in high technology projects.","PeriodicalId":168329,"journal":{"name":"PICMET '08 - 2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology","volume":"17 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113938332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599887
Yun Ken, T. Tsai, Y. Ou
This study intends to stretch the extent of the successful innovation process from a novel conception not only to its adoption to the market , but also to its launch for profit from innovation, and focus on probing into the deferred results of patent impacts of the American pharmacy industry and their profitability at the firm level. We find there are obvious relationships between the indexes of patent impact and profitability such as ROE and EPS. Moreover, our empirical research finds there is a time lag of 4 years between the indexes of patent impact and ROE, and 5 years of time lag with EPS. We consider the time lag in the pharmaceutical industry is longer than the results of other industries in the previous study, and suggest that investors regard scientific measures of the quality and quantity of inventive output as useful indicators of the economic profitability tied to patenting impact. The sample of firms for this study are drawn from Compustat database, from which we screened 255 listed companies and only had 72 to 80 complete samples left eventually. We searched every company of the USA's patent database and sum up the patent materials for nine years from 1994 to 2002.
{"title":"Study of the time lag effect of patent impact on profitability of U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry from innovation to profit","authors":"Yun Ken, T. Tsai, Y. Ou","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599887","url":null,"abstract":"This study intends to stretch the extent of the successful innovation process from a novel conception not only to its adoption to the market , but also to its launch for profit from innovation, and focus on probing into the deferred results of patent impacts of the American pharmacy industry and their profitability at the firm level. We find there are obvious relationships between the indexes of patent impact and profitability such as ROE and EPS. Moreover, our empirical research finds there is a time lag of 4 years between the indexes of patent impact and ROE, and 5 years of time lag with EPS. We consider the time lag in the pharmaceutical industry is longer than the results of other industries in the previous study, and suggest that investors regard scientific measures of the quality and quantity of inventive output as useful indicators of the economic profitability tied to patenting impact. The sample of firms for this study are drawn from Compustat database, from which we screened 255 listed companies and only had 72 to 80 complete samples left eventually. We searched every company of the USA's patent database and sum up the patent materials for nine years from 1994 to 2002.","PeriodicalId":168329,"journal":{"name":"PICMET '08 - 2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122340458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599805
Tommi Katainen, N. Nahar
Increasingly, information systems (IS) development is done internationally. International IS development is very complex. Some of the factors that lead to this high complexity include geographically dispersed teams, time-zone differences, cultural differences, language problem, and communication challenges. All these affect coordination and collaboration significantly. Therefore, the project management activities have to be executed via different methods and information technology (IT) tools. There is a significant lack of studies dealing with the management of international IS development using methods and IT tools innovatively. Therefore, this study has been undertaken to fill in this research gap. It investigates the management of international IS development using methods and IT tools innovatively. It develops an all-encompassing conceptual model on the basis of an in-depth literature review and our long practical experience in managing of international IS development projects. The conceptual model covers various elements that should be taken into account for managing an international IS development project. It also exhibits how companies can manage international IS development using various methods and IT tools innovatively and efficiently. The conceptual model can be useful for both practice and further research in international IS development project management.
{"title":"Using methods and IT tools innovatively for the management of International IS development projects","authors":"Tommi Katainen, N. Nahar","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599805","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly, information systems (IS) development is done internationally. International IS development is very complex. Some of the factors that lead to this high complexity include geographically dispersed teams, time-zone differences, cultural differences, language problem, and communication challenges. All these affect coordination and collaboration significantly. Therefore, the project management activities have to be executed via different methods and information technology (IT) tools. There is a significant lack of studies dealing with the management of international IS development using methods and IT tools innovatively. Therefore, this study has been undertaken to fill in this research gap. It investigates the management of international IS development using methods and IT tools innovatively. It develops an all-encompassing conceptual model on the basis of an in-depth literature review and our long practical experience in managing of international IS development projects. The conceptual model covers various elements that should be taken into account for managing an international IS development project. It also exhibits how companies can manage international IS development using various methods and IT tools innovatively and efficiently. The conceptual model can be useful for both practice and further research in international IS development project management.","PeriodicalId":168329,"journal":{"name":"PICMET '08 - 2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122630242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599623
C. Engelbrecht, A. Brent
Energy technology implementation or policy projects (TI/PPs) have a large macro level impact on a country and it is imperative that decisions at this level reflect sustainability. South Africa is already experiencing an energy supply and demand challenge. Inexpensive coal-fired energy options and the international focus on alternative energy technologies, to combat climate change, exacerbate this challenge. The question is then whether there is sufficient incentive for South Africa to consider other non-coal energy technologies if a broader sustainable macro level decision making process is adopted. This paper answers this question based on the modelling of energy systems by firstly combining a set of macro level indicators from various sustainability and energy studies. The model then incorporates the indicators and applies the multi attributive utility theory (MAUT) to determine utilities for economic, social, institutional and environmental macro influencing factors (MIFs). Each macro influencing factor's utility is weighted according to specific scenarios; for this study climate change and energy challenge scenarios were specifically investigated. The individual macro factor utilities are then combined to provide an overall macro influencing factor landscape (MIFL) utility. The achieved overall utility is an indication of the energy technology's macro level fit for South Africa, given the scenario constraints. The macro influencing factor landscape (MIFL) model lays the foundation for sustainable energy system decision-making for policy makers and technology managers in the future.
{"title":"Towards modelling macro influencing factors to address South African energy challenges: A focus on electricity demand and climate change","authors":"C. Engelbrecht, A. Brent","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599623","url":null,"abstract":"Energy technology implementation or policy projects (TI/PPs) have a large macro level impact on a country and it is imperative that decisions at this level reflect sustainability. South Africa is already experiencing an energy supply and demand challenge. Inexpensive coal-fired energy options and the international focus on alternative energy technologies, to combat climate change, exacerbate this challenge. The question is then whether there is sufficient incentive for South Africa to consider other non-coal energy technologies if a broader sustainable macro level decision making process is adopted. This paper answers this question based on the modelling of energy systems by firstly combining a set of macro level indicators from various sustainability and energy studies. The model then incorporates the indicators and applies the multi attributive utility theory (MAUT) to determine utilities for economic, social, institutional and environmental macro influencing factors (MIFs). Each macro influencing factor's utility is weighted according to specific scenarios; for this study climate change and energy challenge scenarios were specifically investigated. The individual macro factor utilities are then combined to provide an overall macro influencing factor landscape (MIFL) utility. The achieved overall utility is an indication of the energy technology's macro level fit for South Africa, given the scenario constraints. The macro influencing factor landscape (MIFL) model lays the foundation for sustainable energy system decision-making for policy makers and technology managers in the future.","PeriodicalId":168329,"journal":{"name":"PICMET '08 - 2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124591745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599870
Mei-Ling Wang, Bi-Fen Hsu, Wan-Yu Chen, Yen-Yu Lin
The healthcare industry is served by various specialists and technicians, such as doctors, nurses, pharmacists, medical technicians, radiologists, etc. They form the major workforce in hospitals. In order to provide good healthcare services, teamwork among them is of great importance, and the management of cross-functional teams consisting of specialists and technicians is a significant issue. This study is mainly based on the Input-Process-Output team theoretical model from McGrath and explores some essential variables of teams, including team structural characteristics, team process and team effectiveness. Team structural characteristics are discussed in terms of the size, diversity, norm and cohesion of teams. Team process was divided into two factors: members' cooperation and bottom-up communication. Team effectiveness was measured in terms of performance and satisfaction. Samples of this study were taken from 20 hospitals in Taiwan. A total of 109 valid questionnaires were used in this survey. The results are as follows: (1) On team structural characteristics, only team norm affects team effectiveness. (2) Team process affects team effectiveness. (3) Team norm and team cohesion affect team process. (4) Team process exerts full mediating effects between team structural characteristics and satisfaction; while team process mediates partially between team structural characteristics and performance.
{"title":"Structural characteristics, process and effectiveness of cross-functional teams consisted of specialists and technicians in the healthcare industry","authors":"Mei-Ling Wang, Bi-Fen Hsu, Wan-Yu Chen, Yen-Yu Lin","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599870","url":null,"abstract":"The healthcare industry is served by various specialists and technicians, such as doctors, nurses, pharmacists, medical technicians, radiologists, etc. They form the major workforce in hospitals. In order to provide good healthcare services, teamwork among them is of great importance, and the management of cross-functional teams consisting of specialists and technicians is a significant issue. This study is mainly based on the Input-Process-Output team theoretical model from McGrath and explores some essential variables of teams, including team structural characteristics, team process and team effectiveness. Team structural characteristics are discussed in terms of the size, diversity, norm and cohesion of teams. Team process was divided into two factors: members' cooperation and bottom-up communication. Team effectiveness was measured in terms of performance and satisfaction. Samples of this study were taken from 20 hospitals in Taiwan. A total of 109 valid questionnaires were used in this survey. The results are as follows: (1) On team structural characteristics, only team norm affects team effectiveness. (2) Team process affects team effectiveness. (3) Team norm and team cohesion affect team process. (4) Team process exerts full mediating effects between team structural characteristics and satisfaction; while team process mediates partially between team structural characteristics and performance.","PeriodicalId":168329,"journal":{"name":"PICMET '08 - 2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117053844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.2008.4599766
N. B. Moghaddam, M. Sahafzadeh, S. Emamian, A. Irankhah
In this paper, to set R&D priorities at sector level, a developed method is proposed which is combined of scenario planning and critical technologies method and then applied for prioritizing R&D issues of membrane technology in National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC). In the first phase (through 3 steps), scope of NIGC is mapped using national documents and viewpoints of experts and managers. This map includes main process of gas processing and gas conversions. Then strategic goals of gas industry including gas exports, conversions, injection and internal use, are developed. Also Strategic Technology Units (STUs) are identified and twenty distinct membrane technologies including technologies of main process are recognized. In the second phase through questionnaires and weighted criteria, feasibility and attractiveness of each STU are evaluated and shown in Feasibility-Attractiveness matrix. This matrix is divided into 3 sections, based on the critical technologies method. So 4 technologies placed in high attractiveness and feasibility area, 12 technologies in middle area and 4 technologies placed in low feasibility and attractiveness area. Four key technologies placed in the first area was H2S/NG, H2O/NG, CO2/NG, C3+/NG separations. Finally (third phase), according to identified driving forces, four scenarios are built and in each scenario, membrane R&D portfolio is selected.
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