Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2022-04-07DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2056086
Bnar M Ibrahim, Nabil A Fakhre, Moayyed G Jalhoom, Ibrahim Nazem Qader, Huda Y Shareef, Aveen F Jalal
The new adsorbent was prepared by mixing cellulose with dicyclohexyl-18- crown-6 via microwave irradiation method and it was used to remove lead ions from aqueous solution. In contrast to the traditional way (in which grafted polymers are produced by using chemical-free radical producers), this method is rapid, reproducible, and gives a high-quality product. Different physicochemical techniques such as FTIR, SEM, and XRD and TGA were used for the characterization of the produced adsorbent. Based on the ANOVA statistical value, the adsorption of Pb2+ ion onto grafted cellulose has been found to be significant, with very low probability (p) values (<0.001). The pH and initial concentration were observed to be the most significant factors that affected the Pb2+ ion removal from the analysis of variance. Pseudo-second-order and Langmuir equations were applied to the adsorption of Pb2+ ion and under the optimized conditions, the maximum absorption capacity in modified cellulose of Pb2+ was 58.3 mg/g. Various factors which affect metal ion adsorption, including temperature, power of hydrogen, shaking time, adsorbent quantity, and metal ions concentration were studied. More importantly, the adsorbent could be reused by using 0.1 M nitric acid.
{"title":"Removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions by modified cellulose.","authors":"Bnar M Ibrahim, Nabil A Fakhre, Moayyed G Jalhoom, Ibrahim Nazem Qader, Huda Y Shareef, Aveen F Jalal","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2022.2056086","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2022.2056086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The new adsorbent was prepared by mixing cellulose with dicyclohexyl-18- crown-6 via microwave irradiation method and it was used to remove lead ions from aqueous solution. In contrast to the traditional way (in which grafted polymers are produced by using chemical-free radical producers), this method is rapid, reproducible, and gives a high-quality product. Different physicochemical techniques such as FTIR, SEM, and XRD and TGA were used for the characterization of the produced adsorbent. Based on the ANOVA statistical value, the adsorption of Pb<sup>2+</sup> ion onto grafted cellulose has been found to be significant, with very low probability (<i>p</i>) values (<0.001). The pH and initial concentration were observed to be the most significant factors that affected the Pb<sup>2+</sup> ion removal from the analysis of variance. Pseudo-second-order and Langmuir equations were applied to the adsorption of Pb<sup>2+</sup> ion and under the optimized conditions, the maximum absorption capacity in modified cellulose of Pb<sup>2+</sup> was 58.3 mg/g. Various factors which affect metal ion adsorption, including temperature, power of hydrogen, shaking time, adsorbent quantity, and metal ions concentration were studied. More importantly, the adsorbent could be reused by using 0.1 M nitric acid.</p>","PeriodicalId":16848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"2335-2347"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81404234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2023.147826
Gull-e Laala, G. Irshad, Farah Naz, Ashfaq Ahmed Hafiz
The present study was specifically designed to develop bio-fungicides that may help mitigate reliance on hazardous synthetic chemicals which give rise to environmental safety concerns. A survey (2021–2022) of local fruit markets in Islamabad, Pakistan included morpho-molecular disease identification. It revealed Penicillium chrysogenum as a major phytopathogenic fungi causing fruit rot. The fungicidal action of plant essential oils might be boosted by the technique of application therefore, nanoencapsulation of essential oil and chitosan was performed. To attain the objective of antimicrobial packaging, essential oil and chitosan tablets were encapsulated in spun bond sachets against P. chrysogenum using a sachet volatile phase technique. In vitro screening of nano encapsulated eucalyptus essential oil showed significant inhibition of radial growth of P. chrysogenum colonies at 1.6 mg · ml –1 followed by 1.4, 1.2 and 1.0 mg · ml –1 . Results of Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry revealed the presence of eucalyptol in eucalyptus EO as a major antifungal component. An in vivo experiment analyzing the efficacy of essential oil tablets against pre-inoculated peach fruit with P. chrysogenum at ambient temperatures (7–37°C) showed significant reduction in lesion diameter, disease severity and prolonged shelf-life of peaches of more than 2 weeks. The natural ripening process of peach was not affected by the presence of antifungal sachets as no significant alteration in weight loss of fruit was recorded. The suppressiveness of fungal mycelial growth of P. chrysogenum was directly proportional to increases in E. globulus oil concentration. This research may have a significant impact on prolonging the shelf-life of peach fruit.
{"title":"Microencapsulation of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil anti-fungal sachet against blue mold on peaches","authors":"Gull-e Laala, G. Irshad, Farah Naz, Ashfaq Ahmed Hafiz","doi":"10.24425/jppr.2023.147826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/jppr.2023.147826","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was specifically designed to develop bio-fungicides that may help mitigate reliance on hazardous synthetic chemicals which give rise to environmental safety concerns. A survey (2021–2022) of local fruit markets in Islamabad, Pakistan included morpho-molecular disease identification. It revealed Penicillium chrysogenum as a major phytopathogenic fungi causing fruit rot. The fungicidal action of plant essential oils might be boosted by the technique of application therefore, nanoencapsulation of essential oil and chitosan was performed. To attain the objective of antimicrobial packaging, essential oil and chitosan tablets were encapsulated in spun bond sachets against P. chrysogenum using a sachet volatile phase technique. In vitro screening of nano encapsulated eucalyptus essential oil showed significant inhibition of radial growth of P. chrysogenum colonies at 1.6 mg · ml –1 followed by 1.4, 1.2 and 1.0 mg · ml –1 . Results of Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry revealed the presence of eucalyptol in eucalyptus EO as a major antifungal component. An in vivo experiment analyzing the efficacy of essential oil tablets against pre-inoculated peach fruit with P. chrysogenum at ambient temperatures (7–37°C) showed significant reduction in lesion diameter, disease severity and prolonged shelf-life of peaches of more than 2 weeks. The natural ripening process of peach was not affected by the presence of antifungal sachets as no significant alteration in weight loss of fruit was recorded. The suppressiveness of fungal mycelial growth of P. chrysogenum was directly proportional to increases in E. globulus oil concentration. This research may have a significant impact on prolonging the shelf-life of peach fruit.","PeriodicalId":16848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection Research","volume":"11 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2023.147828
M. Jakubowska, R. Dobosz, Alicja Szabelska-Beręsewicz, J. Zyprych-Walczak, Jolanta Kowalska, A. Tratwal
The population dynamics of Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite – TSSM) are influenced by environmental factors, which were investigated to identify methods limiting the development and harmfulness of this pest. This paper presents findings from a laboratory study on the effect of spraying with water-based extracts of Mentha piperita and Tagetes patula plants on the growth rate of TSSM larvae and nymphs. The time required for the transformation of the larvae into protonymphs was longer for T. patula water-based extracts than extracts from M. piperita . Differences in the time of transformation from the nymphal stage to adult TSSM were also observed depending on the plant water-based extracts, their concentration, and the host plant on which nymphs were developing. The use of 100 g ∙ l -1 French marigold extract was associated with longer transformation time of nymphs on discs of pea leaves than all tested concentrations of French marigold extract applied to sugar beet leaves. Ten percent of the extracts from peppermint plants had a stronger limiting effect on TSSM nymphs on pea leaves than on bean or sugar beet leaves.
双斑蜘蛛螨（Tetranychus urticae - TSSM）的种群动态受环境因素的影响。本文介绍了一项实验室研究的结果，即喷洒薄荷和万寿菊植物的水基提取物对双点蛛螨幼虫和若虫生长速度的影响。与 M. piperita 的提取物相比，T. patula 的水基提取物将幼虫转化为原虫所需的时间更长。根据植物水基提取物、其浓度以及若虫发育的寄主植物的不同，从若虫阶段转化为成虫的时间也存在差异。与应用于甜菜叶片的所有测试浓度的法国金盏花提取物相比，使用 100 g ∙ l -1 法国金盏花提取物可延长豌豆叶片圆盘上若虫的转化时间。与蚕豆或甜菜叶片相比，10% 的薄荷提取物对豌豆叶片上的 TSSM 若虫具有更强的限制作用。
{"title":"Effects of water-based extracts of peppermint ( Mentha piperita L.) and French marigold (T agetes patula L.) on the transformation of larvae and nymphs of two-spotted spider mite ( Tetranychus urticae Koch)","authors":"M. Jakubowska, R. Dobosz, Alicja Szabelska-Beręsewicz, J. Zyprych-Walczak, Jolanta Kowalska, A. Tratwal","doi":"10.24425/jppr.2023.147828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/jppr.2023.147828","url":null,"abstract":"The population dynamics of Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite – TSSM) are influenced by environmental factors, which were investigated to identify methods limiting the development and harmfulness of this pest. This paper presents findings from a laboratory study on the effect of spraying with water-based extracts of Mentha piperita and Tagetes patula plants on the growth rate of TSSM larvae and nymphs. The time required for the transformation of the larvae into protonymphs was longer for T. patula water-based extracts than extracts from M. piperita . Differences in the time of transformation from the nymphal stage to adult TSSM were also observed depending on the plant water-based extracts, their concentration, and the host plant on which nymphs were developing. The use of 100 g ∙ l -1 French marigold extract was associated with longer transformation time of nymphs on discs of pea leaves than all tested concentrations of French marigold extract applied to sugar beet leaves. Ten percent of the extracts from peppermint plants had a stronger limiting effect on TSSM nymphs on pea leaves than on bean or sugar beet leaves.","PeriodicalId":16848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection Research","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2023.147832
J. E. Rabuske, Marlove Fátima, Brião Muniz, T. Brun, M. A. Saldanha, J. S. Sarzi, L. G. Savian, C. Walker, J. M. Rolim, G. Zabot, M. Mazutti
Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Pseudofusicoccum kimberleyense are pathogens causing trunk canker in Carya illioniensis and there are still no reports of effective forms of control. However, biological control is a promising measure. The objective of this work was to isolate, identify and evaluate the action of Trichoderma spp. in the in vitro con-trol of L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense and to identify the compounds produced by the antagonist. Trichoderma spp. was identified by molecular technique and morphologically characterized. The antagonistic action of T. asperellum isolates (obtained from the rhizospheric soil, and of an isolate obtained from a commercial formulation) was evaluated by pairing cultures and volatile metabolites on L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense . Optimization of the cultivation method of T. asperellum was carried out and the compounds produced by the antagonist were identified by gas chromatography. Isolates obtained from the soil were identified as T. asperellum and decreased mycelial growth of L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense in the crop pairing test (48.98% S6 x Qt), as well as by volatile metabolites (29.85% SM21 x TR4). The cultivation conditions that generated the filtrates with the greatest antifungal action used 20 g · l –1 of corn maceration water, yeast extract 7.5 g · l –1 , pH 5, agitation 100 rpm, sucrose 50 g · l –1 , inoculum concentration 10 5 spores /ml. Among the identified compounds, some stood out for having bioactive action, such as pyran derivatives, celidoniol, deoxy, pentadecanoicacid, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-me-thyl, propanoicacid, 1-methylethyl ester and 9-octadecenoic acid. The T. asperellum isolates showed potential for biocontrol in vitro , acting by different mechanisms.
Lasiodiplodia theobromae 和 Pseudofusicoccum kimberleyense 是导致 Carya illioniensis 树干腐烂病的病原体，目前还没有关于有效防治方法的报道。不过，生物防治是一项很有前景的措施。这项工作的目的是分离、鉴定和评估毛霉菌属在体外控制 L. theobromae 和 P. kimberleyense 的作用，并鉴定拮抗剂产生的化合物。通过分子技术鉴定了毛霉菌属，并对其进行了形态鉴定。通过配对培养物和挥发性代谢物，评估了 T. asperellum 分离物（从根瘤土壤中获得，以及从商业配方中获得）对 L. theobromae 和 P. kimberleyense 的拮抗作用。对 T. asperellum 的培养方法进行了优化，并通过气相色谱法鉴定了拮抗剂产生的化合物。从土壤中获得的分离物被鉴定为 T. asperellum，在作物配对试验中可减少 L. theobromae 和 P. kimberleyense 的菌丝生长（48.98% S6 x Qt），挥发性代谢物（29.85% SM21 x TR4）也可减少 L. theobromae 和 P. kimberleyense 的菌丝生长。产生抗真菌作用最强的滤液的培养条件为：玉米浸渍水 20 克-升-1，酵母提取物 7.5 克-升-1，pH 值 5，搅拌 100 转/分钟，蔗糖 50 克-升-1，接种物浓度 10 5 个孢子/毫升。在已鉴定的化合物中，一些具有生物活性作用的化合物尤为突出，如吡喃衍生物、西利二醇、脱氧、十五烷酸、2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-硫基、丙酸、1-甲基乙基酯和 9-十八烯酸。T. asperellum 分离物通过不同的作用机制显示出体外生物防治的潜力。
{"title":"Trichoderma asperellum in the biocontrol of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Pseudofusicoccum kimberleyense","authors":"J. E. Rabuske, Marlove Fátima, Brião Muniz, T. Brun, M. A. Saldanha, J. S. Sarzi, L. G. Savian, C. Walker, J. M. Rolim, G. Zabot, M. Mazutti","doi":"10.24425/jppr.2023.147832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/jppr.2023.147832","url":null,"abstract":"Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Pseudofusicoccum kimberleyense are pathogens causing trunk canker in Carya illioniensis and there are still no reports of effective forms of control. However, biological control is a promising measure. The objective of this work was to isolate, identify and evaluate the action of Trichoderma spp. in the in vitro con-trol of L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense and to identify the compounds produced by the antagonist. Trichoderma spp. was identified by molecular technique and morphologically characterized. The antagonistic action of T. asperellum isolates (obtained from the rhizospheric soil, and of an isolate obtained from a commercial formulation) was evaluated by pairing cultures and volatile metabolites on L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense . Optimization of the cultivation method of T. asperellum was carried out and the compounds produced by the antagonist were identified by gas chromatography. Isolates obtained from the soil were identified as T. asperellum and decreased mycelial growth of L. theobromae and P. kimberleyense in the crop pairing test (48.98% S6 x Qt), as well as by volatile metabolites (29.85% SM21 x TR4). The cultivation conditions that generated the filtrates with the greatest antifungal action used 20 g · l –1 of corn maceration water, yeast extract 7.5 g · l –1 , pH 5, agitation 100 rpm, sucrose 50 g · l –1 , inoculum concentration 10 5 spores /ml. Among the identified compounds, some stood out for having bioactive action, such as pyran derivatives, celidoniol, deoxy, pentadecanoicacid, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-me-thyl, propanoicacid, 1-methylethyl ester and 9-octadecenoic acid. The T. asperellum isolates showed potential for biocontrol in vitro , acting by different mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":16848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection Research","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2023.147830
M. Kaya, N. Ergi̇n
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of seed treatments with boron on germination, seedling growth, and disinfection of seed-borne pathogens in safflower. Saf-flower seeds of the Balcı cultivar were treated with solutions of 0, 5, 10, and 20 ppm boron for 6 hours or surface treated with powdery sodium borate (Na 2 B 8 O 13 .4H 2 O). The experiment was a completely randomized design with eight replications and 25 seeds per replicate. Treated or untreated seeds were germinated between papers and germination characteristics, emergence, seedling growth, and infected seed rate were investigated. The results showed that the peak germination percentage (96.5%) was achieved in seeds primed with 5 ppm B. The mean germination time was significantly reduced, and the germination index reached the maximum value (23.5) in seeds primed with 5 ppm boron. Emergence percentage improved from 76.5% in the control to 87.5% in the seed dressing. The root and shoot length of the primed seeds increased fourfold. Seedling fresh weight was positively affected by the boron treatments, and seeds primed with 20 ppm boron produced the heaviest fresh seedlings. All boron treatments significantly reduced the infection rate by about 73%, but the lowest infection rate (11.5%) was observed in seeds primed with 5 ppm boron. It was concluded that safflower seeds should be primed with 5-10 ppm boron or at least undergo seed dressing with boron to reduce the negative effects of seed-borne
{"title":"Boron seed treatments induce germination and seedling growth by reducing seed-borne pathogens in safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.)","authors":"M. Kaya, N. Ergi̇n","doi":"10.24425/jppr.2023.147830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/jppr.2023.147830","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the effects of seed treatments with boron on germination, seedling growth, and disinfection of seed-borne pathogens in safflower. Saf-flower seeds of the Balcı cultivar were treated with solutions of 0, 5, 10, and 20 ppm boron for 6 hours or surface treated with powdery sodium borate (Na 2 B 8 O 13 .4H 2 O). The experiment was a completely randomized design with eight replications and 25 seeds per replicate. Treated or untreated seeds were germinated between papers and germination characteristics, emergence, seedling growth, and infected seed rate were investigated. The results showed that the peak germination percentage (96.5%) was achieved in seeds primed with 5 ppm B. The mean germination time was significantly reduced, and the germination index reached the maximum value (23.5) in seeds primed with 5 ppm boron. Emergence percentage improved from 76.5% in the control to 87.5% in the seed dressing. The root and shoot length of the primed seeds increased fourfold. Seedling fresh weight was positively affected by the boron treatments, and seeds primed with 20 ppm boron produced the heaviest fresh seedlings. All boron treatments significantly reduced the infection rate by about 73%, but the lowest infection rate (11.5%) was observed in seeds primed with 5 ppm boron. It was concluded that safflower seeds should be primed with 5-10 ppm boron or at least undergo seed dressing with boron to reduce the negative effects of seed-borne","PeriodicalId":16848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection Research","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2023.147829
Suborna Rani, Kallol Das, F. M. Aminuzzaman, Benjamin Yaw Ayim, N. Borodynko-Filas
The world population is projected to reach 9.8 billion in 2050, and 11.2 billion in 2100 (United Nations) and people will need food, and decrease the farming land. Thus, the importance of Internet of Things (IoT) and Computer Science (CS) in plant disease management are increasing now-a-days. Mobile apps, remote sensing, spectral signature analysis, artificial neural networks (ANN), and deep learning monitors are commonly used in plant disease and pest management. IoT improves crop yield by fostering new farming methods along with the improvement of monitoring and management through cloud computing. In the quest for effective plant disease control, the future lies in cutting-edge technologies. The integration of IoT, artificial intelligence, and data analytics revolutionizes monitoring and diagnosis, enabling timely and precise interventions. Cloud computing facilitates real-time data sharing and analysis empower farmers to combat diseases with unprecedented efficiency. By harnessing these innovations, agriculture can embrace sustainable practices and safeguard crop health, ensuring a bountiful and secure future for the global food supply.
{"title":"Harnessing the future: cutting-edge technologies for plant disease control","authors":"Suborna Rani, Kallol Das, F. M. Aminuzzaman, Benjamin Yaw Ayim, N. Borodynko-Filas","doi":"10.24425/jppr.2023.147829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/jppr.2023.147829","url":null,"abstract":"The world population is projected to reach 9.8 billion in 2050, and 11.2 billion in 2100 (United Nations) and people will need food, and decrease the farming land. Thus, the importance of Internet of Things (IoT) and Computer Science (CS) in plant disease management are increasing now-a-days. Mobile apps, remote sensing, spectral signature analysis, artificial neural networks (ANN), and deep learning monitors are commonly used in plant disease and pest management. IoT improves crop yield by fostering new farming methods along with the improvement of monitoring and management through cloud computing. In the quest for effective plant disease control, the future lies in cutting-edge technologies. The integration of IoT, artificial intelligence, and data analytics revolutionizes monitoring and diagnosis, enabling timely and precise interventions. Cloud computing facilitates real-time data sharing and analysis empower farmers to combat diseases with unprecedented efficiency. By harnessing these innovations, agriculture can embrace sustainable practices and safeguard crop health, ensuring a bountiful and secure future for the global food supply.","PeriodicalId":16848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection Research","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2023.147827
T. Rozhkova, L. Biliavska, Yuriy Spychak
Seed endophytes are potential bioagents for plant protection and growth promoters. The question of the specifics of their isolation in cultural environments is not clear. The purpose of this study was to establish the nature of the interaction of endophytic fungi of wheat seeds with different levels of aggressiveness and presence in the mycobiota. Dual cultivation was carried out at potato-glucose agar (PGA), comparing with single fungal cultivation. The mutual influence of fungi during joint cultivation was established. Alternaria arborescens , which dominated in the mycobiota of wheat seeds from northeastern Ukraine, suppressed the development of only Penicillium. Nigrospora oryzae, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Phoma developed faster than A. arborescens . Fusarium poae, and F. sporotrichioides competed for agar medium with N. oryzae . Known bioagents from wheat seeds showed unexpectedly low results. Trichothecium roseum formed a rejection zone during co-cultivation with F. graminearum. Trichoderma sp. Max18 (resistant to fludioxonil) on the 7th day inhibited the development of Penicillium, F. graminearum, and A. arborescens by 55, 48 and 26%, respectively. N. oryzae developed faster than the mycoparasitic fungus, but the latter began to parasitize it only from the 13th day.
种子内生菌是潜在的植物保护生物试剂和生长促进剂。但它们在文化环境中的具体分离情况尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定小麦种子内生真菌与不同程度的侵染性和真菌生物群相互作用的性质。在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PGA）上进行了双重培养，并与单一真菌培养进行了比较。确定了真菌在联合培养过程中的相互影响。在乌克兰东北部小麦种子真菌生物群中占主导地位的 Alternaria arborescens 只抑制了青霉的生长。Nigrospora oryzae、Bipolaris sorokiniana 和 Phoma 的发展速度快于 A. arborescens。Fusarium poae 和 F. sporotrichioides 与 N. oryzae 竞争琼脂培养基。来自小麦种子的已知生物试剂的结果出乎意料地低。在与禾谷镰刀菌（F. graminearum）共同培养过程中，玫瑰毛霉（Trichothecium roseum）形成了一个排斥区。Max18 毛霉（对氟虫腈有抗性）在第 7 天对青霉、禾谷镰刀菌和 A. arborescens 的生长抑制率分别为 55%、48% 和 26%。N. oryzae 的生长速度快于寄生真菌，但后者从第 13 天起才开始寄生。
{"title":"Interaction of endophytic fungi of winter wheat seeds","authors":"T. Rozhkova, L. Biliavska, Yuriy Spychak","doi":"10.24425/jppr.2023.147827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/jppr.2023.147827","url":null,"abstract":"Seed endophytes are potential bioagents for plant protection and growth promoters. The question of the specifics of their isolation in cultural environments is not clear. The purpose of this study was to establish the nature of the interaction of endophytic fungi of wheat seeds with different levels of aggressiveness and presence in the mycobiota. Dual cultivation was carried out at potato-glucose agar (PGA), comparing with single fungal cultivation. The mutual influence of fungi during joint cultivation was established. Alternaria arborescens , which dominated in the mycobiota of wheat seeds from northeastern Ukraine, suppressed the development of only Penicillium. Nigrospora oryzae, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Phoma developed faster than A. arborescens . Fusarium poae, and F. sporotrichioides competed for agar medium with N. oryzae . Known bioagents from wheat seeds showed unexpectedly low results. Trichothecium roseum formed a rejection zone during co-cultivation with F. graminearum. Trichoderma sp. Max18 (resistant to fludioxonil) on the 7th day inhibited the development of Penicillium, F. graminearum, and A. arborescens by 55, 48 and 26%, respectively. N. oryzae developed faster than the mycoparasitic fungus, but the latter began to parasitize it only from the 13th day.","PeriodicalId":16848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection Research","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2022.143229
Plant parasites of the genera Longidorus Micoletzky, 1922 and Paralongidorus Siddiqi, Hooper and Khan, 1963 comprise a group of plant root ectoparasites, some of which are known as pests of economic importance. Their importance is further augmented by the fact that several species are known to be vectors of nepoviruses. To date 16 species from the genus Longidorus and two from Paralongidorus have been recorded in Poland. Despite their economic importance in agriculture currently there is no regional key for species identification. This paper presents such a key. The key has many illustrations and is based mainly on traits which are easily observable even by less experienced users. Thus, it should provide a useful tool for both scientists and specialists working in the field of plant protection, soil ecology and zoology as well as for teaching purposes.
{"title":"A key for the identification of plant-parasitic nematodes of the genera Longidorus Micoletzky, 1922 and Paralongidorus Siddiqi, Hooper and Khan, 1963 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) occurring in Poland","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/jppr.2022.143229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/jppr.2022.143229","url":null,"abstract":"Plant parasites of the genera Longidorus Micoletzky, 1922 and Paralongidorus Siddiqi, Hooper and Khan, 1963 comprise a group of plant root ectoparasites, some of which are known as pests of economic importance. Their importance is further augmented by the fact that several species are known to be vectors of nepoviruses. To date 16 species from the genus Longidorus and two from Paralongidorus have been recorded in Poland. Despite their economic importance in agriculture currently there is no regional key for species identification. This paper presents such a key. The key has many illustrations and is based mainly on traits which are easily observable even by less experienced users. Thus, it should provide a useful tool for both scientists and specialists working in the field of plant protection, soil ecology and zoology as well as for teaching purposes.","PeriodicalId":16848,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection Research","volume":"50 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135634308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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