Journal of psychiatric research最新文献_第5页

The mediation effect of the inferior-parietal cortex and globus pallidus on the relationship between family conflict and major depressive disorder 下顶叶皮层和球状苍白球对家庭冲突与重度抑郁障碍之间关系的中介效应。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.014

Xingze Liu , Xiang Wang , Jie Fan , Qian Liu , Chuman Xiao , Feng Gao , Jie Xia , Yan Han , Xiongzhao Zhu , Haiyan Liao

Objective

Family conflict is an important risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD) and is associated with structural alterations in the brain. However, it is unclear whether structural alterations associated with family conflict would contribute to depression. This study aims to investigate the neuroimaging characteristics that connect family conflict with depression.

Methods

This study included 54 healthy controls and 53 antidepressant-free patients with MDD. Both groups completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the simplified Chinese version of the Family Environment Scale, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging data was collected to measure cortical thickness and regional gray matter volumes.

Results

Family conflict has a significant effect on depression diagnosis. Higher levels of family conflict were positively associated with symptoms of sadness, guilty feelings, and punishment feelings in patients, as well as with cortical thickness in the right inferior-parietal cluster and the volumes of the left globus pallidus in all participants. In the patient group, cortical thickness in the right inferior-parietal cluster and volume of the left globus pallidus were negatively related to symptoms of sadness and guilty feelings, respectively. The structural alteration in the right inferior-parietal cluster mediated the relationship of family conflict and sadness, whereas changes in the globus pallidus mediated the associations between family conflict and both depression and guilty feelings in patients.

Conclusion

Findings revealed the relationships between family conflict and depression, including both depression diagnosis and specific symptoms. Cortical thickness in the right inferior-parietal cortex and the volume of the left globus pallidus played mediating roles in these relationships, indicating the important contributions of these brain regions to the effect of family conflict on depression.

目的：家庭冲突是导致重度抑郁障碍（MDD）的一个重要风险因素，并且与大脑结构的改变有关。然而，目前尚不清楚与家庭冲突相关的结构改变是否会导致抑郁症。本研究旨在探讨家庭冲突与抑郁症相关的神经影像学特征：本研究包括 54 名健康对照组和 53 名未服用抗抑郁药的 MDD 患者。两组患者均填写了贝克抑郁量表-II、简体中文版家庭环境量表和童年创伤问卷。研究人员还收集了结构磁共振成像数据，以测量皮质厚度和区域灰质体积：结果：家庭冲突对抑郁症诊断有明显影响。较高程度的家庭冲突与患者的悲伤症状、内疚感和惩罚感呈正相关，与所有参与者的右侧下顶叶群皮质厚度和左侧球状苍白球体积也呈正相关。在患者组中，右侧下顶叶皮层厚度和左侧球状苍白球体积分别与悲伤症状和内疚感呈负相关。右侧下顶叶群的结构变化介导了家庭冲突与悲伤的关系，而球丘的变化则介导了家庭冲突与患者抑郁和负罪感的关系：结论：研究结果揭示了家庭冲突与抑郁症之间的关系，包括抑郁症诊断和具体症状。右侧下顶叶皮层的皮质厚度和左侧球状苍白球的体积在这些关系中起着中介作用，表明这些脑区在家庭冲突对抑郁症的影响中起着重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Neural correlates of thought–action fusion and their associations with rumination in patients with major depressive disorder 重度抑郁障碍患者思维与行动融合的神经相关性及其与反刍的关联。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.005

Sang Won Lee , Seungho Kim , Hansol Lee , Yongmin Chang , Seung Jae Lee

Thought-action fusion (TAF) is the metacognitive belief that the power of thoughts can have real-life consequences, often inducing unpleasant inner experiences and recruiting coping strategies such as rumination. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the neural correlates of TAF and their associations with rumination in depression. A total of 37 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 37 healthy controls (HCs) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging with a TAF induction task and psychological assessments. In the TAF induction task, participants were asked to read the name of a close person (CP) or neutral person (NP) in association with negative (Neg) TAF and neutral (Neu) control statements. In this study, our TAF induction task activated brain regions, including the salient and default-mode networks, in the MDD and HC groups. However, along with higher likelihood TAF and rumination, behavioral data showed less negative feelings and longer reaction times under the NegCP condition in the MDD group compared with the HC group. Furthermore, in the MDD group, significantly higher activation in the bilateral caudate nuclei, left inferior frontal gyrus/anterior insula, putamen, and inferior parietal lobule under the NegCP condition was positively correlated with TAF and reflection. These findings suggest that during the TAF task, patients with MDD may activate different brain areas associated with the maintenance of high stimulus saliency and habit formation, which are important neural correlates linking TAF and rumination in depression.

思想-行动融合（TAF）是一种元认知信念，即思想的力量会产生现实生活中的后果，往往会诱发不愉快的内心体验，并招致反刍等应对策略。因此，本研究旨在探讨TAF的神经相关性及其与抑郁症反刍的关联。共有37名重度抑郁障碍（MDD）患者和37名健康对照组（HCs）接受了功能磁共振成像的TAF诱导任务和心理评估。在TAF诱导任务中，参与者被要求读出一个亲密的人（CP）或中立的人（NP）的名字，并与消极（Neg）TAF和中立（Neu）对照语句相关联。在这项研究中，我们的TAF诱导任务激活了MDD组和HC组的脑区，包括突出网络和默认模式网络。然而，除了更高的TAF可能性和反刍之外，行为数据显示，与HC组相比，MDD组在NegCP条件下的负面情绪更少，反应时间更长。此外，在 MDD 组中，双侧尾状核、左侧额叶下回/岛叶前部、普坦门和顶叶下部在 NegCP 条件下的激活度明显更高，这与 TAF 和反思呈正相关。这些研究结果表明，在TAF任务中，MDD患者可能会激活与维持高刺激显著性和习惯形成相关的不同脑区，而这些脑区是连接抑郁症TAF和反刍的重要神经相关区。

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引用次数: 0

Self-compassion as a protective factor against post-traumatic stress symptoms induced by adverse childhood experiences: A cross-sectional study among Japan air self-defense force new recruits 自我同情是防止童年不良经历引发创伤后应激症状的保护因素：日本航空自卫队新兵横断面研究。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.010

Masato Kitano , Florentine H.S. van der Does , Taku Saito , Erik J. Giltay , Toshinori Chiba , Naoki Edo , Fumiko Waki , Hisateru Tachimori , Minori Koga , Nic J. van der Wee , Eric Vermetten , Masanori Nagamine

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may result in long-term mental health complications, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). ACEs are known to be more frequent among military personnel, despite their need to maintain their mental health to accomplish their missions. Self-compassion, or treating oneself with kindness and understanding, can mitigate the psychological effects of adversity but is also affected by adversity. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the complex relationships between ACEs, self-compassion, and PTSD symptoms among 752 new recruits of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force, of whom 537 with ACEs completed the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to examine the independent effect of self-compassion, measured using the Self-Compassion Scale, on PTSD symptoms. Mediation effect analysis with self-compassion as a mediator was conducted on the relationship between ACEs and PTSD symptoms. We confirmed high levels of ACEs among our participants compared to a healthy population of a previous study, and approximately 6% presented PTSD symptoms above a threshold. Self-compassion was significantly negatively associated with PTSD symptoms (β = −.22, 95% confidence interval [CI], −.34 to −.11). Mediation effect analysis revealed that self-compassion partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and PTSD symptoms, explaining 6.9% of this effect, and ACEs were negatively associated with self-compassion (β = −.13, 95% CI, −.22 to −.04). These findings suggested that self-compassion is a protective factor against PTSD symptoms, whereas ACEs can decrease self-compassion. Further research should explore educational interventions to enhance self-compassion among individuals with ACEs to mitigate PTSD symptoms.

童年的不良经历（ACE）可能会导致长期的心理健康并发症，包括创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。众所周知，尽管军人需要保持心理健康以完成任务，但他们的 ACE 在军人中更为常见。自我同情，即善待和理解自己，可以减轻逆境的心理影响，但也会受到逆境的影响。这项横断面研究旨在确定日本航空自卫队 752 名新兵中的 ACE、自我同情和创伤后应激障碍症状之间的复杂关系，其中 537 名有 ACE 的新兵完成了 DSM-5 的创伤后应激障碍检查表。我们使用层次多元回归分析法来研究自我同情对创伤后应激障碍症状的独立影响，该方法使用自我同情量表（Self-Compassion Scale）进行测量。以自我同情为中介，对 ACE 与创伤后应激障碍症状之间的关系进行了中介效应分析。与之前一项研究中的健康人群相比，我们证实参与者中的 ACE 水平较高，约有 6% 的人出现了超过临界值的创伤后应激障碍症状。自我同情与创伤后应激障碍症状呈显著负相关（β = -.22，95% 置信区间 [CI]，-.34 至 -.11）。中介效应分析显示，自我同情部分中介了ACE与创伤后应激障碍症状之间的关系，解释了这一效应的6.9%，ACE与自我同情负相关（β = -.13, 95% CI, -.22 to -.04）。这些研究结果表明，自我同情是创伤后应激障碍症状的保护因素，而ACE则会降低自我同情。进一步的研究应探讨如何采取教育干预措施，增强有ACE的个体的自我同情，以减轻创伤后应激障碍症状。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of MMP-9 enzyme in drug-induced suicide cases admitted to the emergency room 评估急诊室收治的药物自杀病例中的 MMP-9 酶

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.006

Firdevs Elveren , Nurinnisa Öztürk , Sultan Tuna Akgöl Gür

Objective

This study investigates MMP-9 enzyme levels in patients who attempted suicide by taking high doses of drugs, considering their sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods

The study included 45 patients who attempted suicide by high-dose drug intake admitted to the emergency room and 45 healthy volunteers with no neuropsychiatric disorders. Blood samples were collected to measure MMP-9 levels, and informed consent was obtained. The samples were centrifuged and analyzed using the ELISA method, with results statistically compared.

Results

Findings indicate that being single and a student significantly increased suicide tendencies (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively). Psychiatric disorders were the most common cause at 40.0%, followed by antidepressants (55.6%), analgesics (20.0%), and antidiabetics (8.9%) as the most used drugs for suicide. MMP-9 levels were significantly higher in patients who attempted suicide compared to controls (83.74 (±7.14) ng/mL vs. 54.97 (±12.27) ng/mL, p = 0.001). Additionally, MMP-9 levels were higher in single patients compared to married or divorced individuals (p = 0.008). MMP-9 levels were lower in patients with psychiatric disorders, recent psychiatric services, family history of psychiatric disorders, and previous suicide attempts (p = 0.014, p = 0.046, p = 0.035, p = 0.034).

Conclusions

This study shows MMP-9 enzyme can be a potential biomarker for drug-induced suicide attempts, emphasizing the importance of evaluating MMP-9 levels to assess suicide risk and develop prevention strategies.

方法研究对象包括 45 名急诊室收治的大剂量服药自杀未遂患者和 45 名无神经精神疾病的健康志愿者。研究人员采集了血液样本以测量 MMP-9 水平，并获得了知情同意。结果表明，单身和学生会显著增加自杀倾向（分别为 p = 0.002 和 p = 0.001）。精神障碍是最常见的自杀原因，占 40.0%，其次是抗抑郁药（55.6%）、镇痛药（20.0%）和抗糖尿病药（8.9%）。与对照组相比，自杀未遂患者的MMP-9水平明显更高（83.74 (±7.14) ng/mL vs. 54.97 (±12.27) ng/mL，p = 0.001）。此外，与已婚或离婚者相比，单身患者的 MMP-9 水平更高（p = 0.008）。结论这项研究表明，MMP-9酶可作为药物诱发自杀未遂的潜在生物标志物，强调了评估MMP-9水平对评估自杀风险和制定预防策略的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Modulation effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on target and indirect target nodes in patients with major depressive disorder 重复经颅磁刺激对重度抑郁障碍患者靶节点和间接靶节点的调节作用

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.012

Jiayu Pan , Keming Ren , Jiashu Yao , Jiangwei Chen , Qing Fang , Jian Pan , Qiu Ge , Wei Chen , Yuedi Shen

Clinical studies intensively highlight two critical brain regions, i,e, dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (target node) and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) (indirect target node) for the treatment of neuroimaging-guided repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it remains unclear whether the clinical rTMS treatment could modulate the activity of the target and indirect target nodes in MDD patients. We aim to identify the rTMS-induced alteration of brain local and functional connectivity (FC) activities in the target and indirect target nodes. 38 patients with MDD were recruited for taking part in the 2-week rTMS treatment. We identified left DLPFC and right sgACC as the target and indirect target nodes for each participant, using the neuroimaging guided method, and further explored the rTMS-induced modulation on the brain functional activity of the two nodes. Ultimately, 28 patients were included in the analysis. We found that subjects had significant improvement in depressive symptoms, and their brain functional activities were reorganized. rTMS reduced the FC activity between the target and indirect target nodes, while the brain local activity in these nodes did not show rTMS-induced changes. The FC reduction was not associated with improvement in depressive symptoms. These results confirmed the clinical significance of the target node (DLPFC) and indirect target node (sgACC) in the rTMS treatment of MDD, and further shed light on the brain functional reorganization underpinning clinical practice of rTMS.

临床研究着重强调了神经影像引导的重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）治疗重度抑郁症（MDD）的两个关键脑区，即背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）（目标节点）和前扣带回下皮层（sgACC）（间接目标节点）。然而，临床经颅磁刺激治疗是否能调节 MDD 患者的靶节点和间接靶节点的活动仍不清楚。我们旨在确定经颅磁刺激引起的目标和间接目标节点的大脑局部和功能连接（FC）活动的改变。我们招募了 38 名 MDD 患者参加为期 2 周的经颅磁刺激治疗。我们利用神经影像引导法确定了每位患者的左侧DLPFC和右侧sgACC为目标和间接目标节点，并进一步探讨了经颅磁刺激对这两个节点的大脑功能活动的调节。最终，28 名患者被纳入分析。我们发现，受试者的抑郁症状得到了明显改善，大脑功能活动也得到了重组。经颅磁刺激减少了目标节点和间接目标节点之间的FC活动，而这些节点的大脑局部活动并未出现经颅磁刺激诱导的变化。FC的减少与抑郁症状的改善无关。这些结果证实了目标节点（DLPFC）和间接目标节点（sgACC）在经频磁刺激治疗MDD中的临床意义，并进一步揭示了经颅磁刺激临床实践中的脑功能重组。

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引用次数: 0

Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in depressed mice induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress 慢性不可预测轻度应激诱发抑郁小鼠血脑屏障破裂

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.004

Wei Shi , Shan Zhang , Kaihu Yao , Qinghong Meng , Yujia Lu , Yi Ren , Li Li , Jingjie Zhao

Background

Recent studies have suggested potential impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in depression. However, due to the limited research and variability in animal models, further investigation using diverse and stable models is necessary.

Methods

A male mouse model of depression was established using the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) protocol. Following model establishment, depression-like behaviors were assessed using the sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, and forced swimming test. Morphological changes in the hippocampus were examined through hematoxylin-eosin staining. BBB permeability was evaluated using the Evans blue leakage test, fluorescein sodium (NaF) leakage test, and serum S100B content assessment. Gene and protein expression levels of BBB-related proteins in the hippocampus were determined via real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays.

Results

CUMS exposure induced depression-like behaviors, including reduced body weight gain, diminished sucrose preference, and prolonged immobility in both the tail suspension test and forced swimming test. While no significant pathological changes were observed in the hippocampus of either group, increased BBB permeability was noted in the CUMS group, as evidenced by enhanced NaF leakage into the brain parenchyma and elevated serum S100B levels. Gene expression analysis revealed downregulation of angiogenesis-related genes and tight junction proteins in the CUMS group. Additionally, protein levels of tight junction proteins Claudin-5 and ZO-1 were lower in the CUMS group compared to controls.

Limitations

This study is limited to a male mouse model, and the BBB in females is worth exploring in the future.

Conclusions

Increased BBB permeability and decreased expression of tight junction proteins Claudin5 and ZO-1 were observed in mice with CUMS-induced depression.

背景最近的研究表明，抑郁症可能会损害血脑屏障（BBB）。方法采用慢性不可预知的轻度应激（CUMS）方案建立了雄性抑郁症小鼠模型。建立模型后，使用蔗糖偏好试验、尾悬挂试验和强迫游泳试验对类似抑郁的行为进行了评估。通过苏木精-伊红染色检查海马的形态变化。使用伊文思蓝渗漏试验、荧光素钠（NaF）渗漏试验和血清 S100B 含量评估来评价 BBB 的通透性。通过实时 PCR、Western 印迹和免疫荧光检测确定了海马中 BBB 相关蛋白的基因和蛋白表达水平。结果CUMS 暴露会诱发类似抑郁的行为，包括体重增加减少、蔗糖偏好降低以及在尾悬试验和强迫游泳试验中长时间不动。虽然两组的海马均未观察到明显的病理变化，但CUMS组的BBB通透性增加，表现为NaF渗漏到脑实质的增加和血清S100B水平的升高。基因表达分析显示，CUMS 组血管生成相关基因和紧密连接蛋白下调。此外，与对照组相比，CUMS组紧密连接蛋白Claudin-5和ZO-1的蛋白水平较低。结论在CUMS诱导的抑郁症小鼠中观察到BBB通透性增加，紧密连接蛋白Claudin5和ZO-1表达减少。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of antidepressant discontinuation prior to treatment with psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression 在使用迷幻药治疗耐药性抑郁症之前停用抗抑郁药的影响。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.009

Lindsey Marwood , Megan Croal , Sunil Mistry , Hollie Simmons , Joyce Tsai , Matthew B. Young , Guy M. Goodwin

It has been suggested that the recent use and discontinuation of antidepressant drugs compromises the action of psilocybin. As evidence is only available from small or uncontrolled samples, this post hoc analysis investigated this using data from the largest, phase II, randomized controlled trial of psilocybin treatment to date. Data from 233 participants with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) who received 25 mg, 10 mg, or 1 mg of investigational drug COMP360 psilocybin (a proprietary, pharmaceutical-grade synthetic psilocybin formulation, developed by the sponsor, Compass Pathfinder Ltd.), administered with psychological support, were compared for groups of participants who either discontinued one or more antidepressant drugs during screening or entered the trial antidepressant drug free. Measures of depression symptom severity change during the antidepressant drug discontinuation period, baseline suicidality, acute subjective psychedelic effects, and the study's primary endpoint (change in depression symptom severity between Baseline and Week 3) are described for both groups. Antidepressant drug discontinuation was not related to worsening of depression severity before Baseline. Suicidality was comparable between groups at Baseline. Psilocybin treatment efficacy and the subjective psychedelic experience did not appear to be compromised by antidepressant drug discontinuation. Thus, it does not limit the feasibility of psilocybin treatment for the future. These findings also support the overall homogeneity of our findings with psilocybin treatment as a monotherapy for TRD. The prior contradictory reports may come to appear misleading.

有人认为，最近使用和停用抗抑郁药物会损害迷幻剂的作用。由于只有小样本或非对照样本可以提供证据，因此本研究利用迄今为止规模最大的斯洛赛宾治疗 II 期随机对照试验的数据进行了事后分析。233 名患有治疗耐受性抑郁症（TRD）的参与者接受了 25 毫克、10 毫克或 1 毫克的研究药物 COMP360 茜洛赛宾（一种由赞助商 Compass Pathfinder 有限公司开发的专有医药级合成茜洛赛宾制剂），并在心理支持下接受了治疗，对在筛选期间停用一种或多种抗抑郁药物或未服用抗抑郁药物而进入试验的参与者组别进行了数据比较。报告对两组参与者在停用抗抑郁药物期间抑郁症状严重程度的变化、基线自杀倾向、急性主观迷幻效应以及研究的主要终点（基线与第 3 周之间抑郁症状严重程度的变化）进行了描述。停用抗抑郁药物与基线前抑郁严重程度的恶化无关。两组在基线时的自杀率相当。西洛赛宾的疗效和主观迷幻体验似乎不会因停用抗抑郁药物而受到影响。因此，这并不会限制未来迷幻剂治疗的可行性。这些发现也支持了我们将迷幻剂治疗作为TRD单一疗法的整体一致性。之前相互矛盾的报道可能会产生误导。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating DTI-ALPS index and its association with cognitive impairments in patients with alcohol use disorder: A diffusion tensor imaging study 调查酒精使用障碍患者的 DTI-ALPS 指数及其与认知障碍的关系：扩散张量成像研究

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.008

Xiyong Dai , Lei Gao , Jianlong Zhang , Xiaoyan Li , Jinming Yu , Liusen Yu , Yuanchun Li , Meiyu Zeng , Xiaoguang Wang , Haibo Zhang

Background

The glymphatic system, a physiological pathway recently identified, has attracted considerable attention for its potential role in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders. Despite significant research efforts, the exact contribution of the glymphatic system to alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains largely elusive. This study was a secondary analysis by analyzing a subset of the original data to examine changes in the ALPS index and determine its association with cognitive abilities in individuals with AUD.

Methods

We recruited 40 individuals with AUD and 40 healthy controls (HC). All subjects underwent MRI scans and clinical cognitive scale assessments. Diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index was used to estimate the differences in glymphatic activity between both groups, and linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between ALPS index and cognitive performance measures.

Results

A statistically significant difference in the ALPS index was observed between both groups (p < 0.001), with the AUD group showing statistically lower ALPS index compared with the HC group (p < 0.001). Additionally, a positive correlation was identified between the ALPS index and MoCA/MMSE scores, indicating that higher ALPS index is indicative of better cognitive performance in individuals with AUD.

Conclusions

The findings of this study provide evidence of ALPS index in individuals with AUD and establish a link between the ALPS index and the cognitive impairments observed in AUD patients. These findings might suggest the importance of glymphatic activity in the emergence of cognitive deficits among those impacted by AUD, but a stronger link between ALPS index and glymphatic system is needed to better understand the relationship between glymphatic function and healthy outcomes.

背景：glymphatic 系统是最近发现的一种生理途径，因其在神经系统疾病的病理生理学中的潜在作用而备受关注。尽管开展了大量的研究工作，但甘泳系统对酒精使用障碍（AUD）的确切影响在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸。本研究通过分析原始数据的一个子集进行二次分析，以检查 ALPS 指数的变化，并确定其与 AUD 患者认知能力的关联：我们招募了 40 名 AUD 患者和 40 名健康对照组 (HC)。所有受试者都接受了核磁共振成像扫描和临床认知量表评估。我们使用沿血管周围空间的弥散张量成像（DTI-ALPS）指数来估算两组患者的肾上腺活动差异，并使用线性回归分析来研究ALPS指数与认知能力指标之间的关联：结果：两组之间的 ALPS 指数差异具有统计学意义（P本研究结果提供了 AUD 患者 ALPS 指数的证据，并确定了 ALPS 指数与 AUD 患者认知障碍之间的联系。这些发现可能表明，在受 AUD 影响的人群中，肾上腺活动在认知障碍的出现过程中起着重要作用，但要更好地理解肾上腺功能与健康结果之间的关系，还需要加强 ALPS 指数与肾上腺系统之间的联系。

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引用次数: 0

Adverse childhood experiences and left hippocampal volumetric reductions: A structural magnetic resonance imaging study 童年的不良经历与左侧海马体积缩小：结构性磁共振成像研究。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.09.039

Ashlyn Schwartz , Mélissa Macalli , Marie C. Navarro , François A.M. Jean , Fabrice Crivello , Cédric Galera , Christophe Tzourio

Background

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with volume alterations of stress-related brain structures among aging and clinical populations, however, existing studies have predominantly assessed only one type of ACE, with small sample sizes, and it is less clear if these associations exist among a general population of young adults.

Objective

The aims were to describe structural hippocampal volumetric differences by ACEs exposure and investigate the association between ACEs exposure and left and right hippocampal volume in a student sample of young adults.

Methods

959 young adult students (18–24 years old) completed an online questionnaire on ACEs, mental health conditions, and sociodemographic characteristics. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure left and right hippocampal volume (mm³). We used linear regression to explore the differences of hippocampal volumes in university students with and without ACEs.

Results

Two thirds of students (65.9%) reported ACEs exposure. As ACEs exposure increased there were significant volumetric reductions in left (p < 0.0001) and right hippocampal volume (p = 0.001) and left (p = 0.0023) and right (p = 0.0013) amygdala volume. After adjusting for intracranial brain volume, sex, age, and depression diagnosis there was a negative association between ACEs exposure and left (β = −22.6, CI = −44.5, −0.7, p = 0.0412) but not right hippocampal volume (β = −18.3, CI = −39.2, 2.6, p = 0.0792). After adjusting for intracranial volume there were no associations between ACEs exposure and left (β = −9.2, CI = −26.2, 7.9 p = 0.2926) or right (β = −5.6, CI = −19.9,8.8 p = 0.4466) amygdala volume.

Conclusions

Hippocampal volume varied by ACEs exposure in young adult students. ACEs appear to contribute to neuroanatomic differences in young adults from the general population.

背景：童年不良经历（ACEs）与老龄化和临床人群中与压力相关的大脑结构的体积变化有关，然而，现有研究主要只评估了一种类型的ACE，样本量较小，而且不太清楚这些关联是否存在于一般的青壮年人群中：方法：959 名青年学生（18-24 岁）填写了一份关于 ACE、心理健康状况和社会人口特征的在线问卷。磁共振成像（MRI）用于测量左右海马体积（mm3）。我们使用线性回归法探讨了有无ACE的大学生海马体积的差异：结果：三分之二的学生（65.9%）报告了ACEs暴露。随着暴露于 ACEs 的增加，左侧海马体积显著减少（p 结论：海马体积因暴露于 ACEs 而异：青年学生海马体积因接触 ACEs 而异。ACE似乎是造成青壮年与普通人群神经解剖结构差异的原因之一。

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences and left hippocampal volumetric reductions: A structural magnetic resonance imaging study","authors":"Ashlyn Schwartz , Mélissa Macalli , Marie C. Navarro , François A.M. Jean , Fabrice Crivello , Cédric Galera , Christophe Tzourio","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.09.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.09.039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with volume alterations of stress-related brain structures among aging and clinical populations, however, existing studies have predominantly assessed only one type of ACE, with small sample sizes, and it is less clear if these associations exist among a general population of young adults.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aims were to describe structural hippocampal volumetric differences by ACEs exposure and investigate the association between ACEs exposure and left and right hippocampal volume in a student sample of young adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>959 young adult students (18–24 years old) completed an online questionnaire on ACEs, mental health conditions, and sociodemographic characteristics. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure left and right hippocampal volume (mm<sup>3</sup>). We used linear regression to explore the differences of hippocampal volumes in university students with and without ACEs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two thirds of students (65.9%) reported ACEs exposure. As ACEs exposure increased there were significant volumetric reductions in left (p < 0.0001) and right hippocampal volume (p = 0.001) and left (p = 0.0023) and right (p = 0.0013) amygdala volume. After adjusting for intracranial brain volume, sex, age, and depression diagnosis there was a negative association between ACEs exposure and left (β = −22.6, CI = −44.5, −0.7, p = 0.0412) but not right hippocampal volume (β = −18.3, CI = −39.2, 2.6, p = 0.0792). After adjusting for intracranial volume there were no associations between ACEs exposure and left (β = −9.2, CI = −26.2, 7.9 p = 0.2926) or right (β = −5.6, CI = −19.9,8.8 p = 0.4466) amygdala volume.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Hippocampal volume varied by ACEs exposure in young adult students. ACEs appear to contribute to neuroanatomic differences in young adults from the general population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"180 ","pages":"Pages 183-189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal analysis of astrocyte-derived protein levels in the blood of drug-naive and relapsed patients with schizophrenia 纵向分析药物依赖型和复发型精神分裂症患者血液中的星形胶质细胞衍生蛋白水平

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.007

Kaushiki Mukherjee , Paul C. Guest , Kolja Schiltz , Gabriela Meyer-Lotz , Henrik Dobrowolny , Katrin Borucki , Hans-Gert Bernstein , Thomas Nickl-Jockschat , Borna Relja , Johann Steiner

The potential influence of astrocytes on neuronal circuitry and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia have recently been highlighted. Human postmortem studies have observed reduced astrocyte numbers in schizophrenia, but whether this pathology is present at disease onset or accumulates progressively with further psychotic episodes remains unclear.

Therefore, we analysed serum levels of the astrocyte-derived proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and fatty acid-binding protein 7 (FABP7) in acutely ill first-episode (n = 60) and relapsed (n = 34) schizophrenia patients compared to 94 matched controls. Measurements were taken before and 6 weeks after antipsychotic treatment. We found significantly lower levels of GFAP (p < 0.001) and FABP7 (p < 0.001) in patients compared to controls, with no significant differences between first-episode and relapsed patients or changes after treatment. FABP7 negatively correlated with age in controls (r = −0.319, p = 0.002), but not in patients (r = −0.251, p = 0.015). In contrast, GFAP showed no correlation with age.

Our findings suggest that lowered GFAP and FABP7 may serve as trait markers of astrocyte pathology in schizophrenia, even prior to antipsychotic treatment. The absent correlation between FABP7 and age in schizophrenia patients, in contrast to controls, may be related to premature brain aging in schizophrenia. Long-term studies are needed to explore the relationship between chronic disease and astrocyte pathology in schizophrenia.

最近，星形胶质细胞对精神分裂症神经元回路和精神症状的潜在影响得到了强调。因此，我们分析了急性首发（60 例）和复发（34 例）精神分裂症患者血清中星形胶质细胞衍生蛋白胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）和脂肪酸结合蛋白 7（FABP7）的水平，并与 94 例匹配的对照组进行了比较。测量在抗精神病治疗前和治疗后 6 周进行。我们发现，与对照组相比，患者的 GFAP（p <0.001）和 FABP7（p <0.001）水平明显较低，首发和复发患者之间无明显差异，治疗后也无变化。在对照组中，FABP7 与年龄呈负相关（r = -0.319，p = 0.002），而在患者中则不然（r = -0.251，p = 0.015）。我们的研究结果表明，GFAP 和 FABP7 的降低可作为精神分裂症星形胶质细胞病理学的特质标记，甚至在抗精神病药物治疗之前也是如此。与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的 FABP7 与年龄不相关，这可能与精神分裂症患者大脑过早衰老有关。要探索精神分裂症慢性疾病与星形胶质细胞病理学之间的关系，还需要进行长期研究。

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引用次数: 0