Journal of psychiatric research最新文献

{"title":"Gut-brain axis in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A narrative review of the links between gut microbiota and ADHD pathophysiology","authors":"Barbara Luyens ,&nbsp;Francisco Felgueroso-Bueno ,&nbsp;Amandine Everard ,&nbsp;Isabelle Massat","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Characterized by developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder, posing a significant public health concern. Its etiopathogenesis is considered multifactorial with complex determinism but remains unclear. Recent research highlights the gut microbiota and the gut-brain axis as promising avenues for understanding and potentially treating ADHD, with a growing number of studies exploring alterations in gut microbiota composition among affected individuals. This narrative review examines the current literature on the role of the gut microbiota in ADHD and focuses on key findings about bacterial composition, how it may be linked to ADHD symptomatology, and the possible mechanisms involved.</div><div>While studies consistently report changes in microbial composition and diversity in individuals with ADHD, results remain heterogeneous across taxonomic levels. Some compelling evidence also suggests a link between gut microbial profiles and ADHD symptom severity. The involvement of microbiota in influencing neurodevelopment is proposed to be mediated through mechanisms related to SCFA production, immune modulation, and neurotransmitter synthesis. These findings pave the way for microbiota-targeted interventions as adjunct therapies for ADHD.</div><div>This review evaluates areas of consensus and discrepancies between studies, while addressing the methodological limitations present in this field of research. Although the gut microbiota appears to play a meaningful role in the complex and multifactorial origins of ADHD, more rigorous and comprehensive studies are needed to confirm these findings and translate them into effective clinical applications. This could ultimately improve both our understanding and treatment of this heterogeneous disorder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 199-211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The beneficial effect of a multispecies probiotic intervention on quality of sleep – a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study","authors":"Angela Horvath ,&nbsp;Rosa Haller ,&nbsp;Karin Schmid-Zalaudek ,&nbsp;Nandu Goswami ,&nbsp;Jolana Wagner-Skacel ,&nbsp;Hansjörg Habisch ,&nbsp;Tobias Madl ,&nbsp;Vanessa Stadlbauer","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Study objectives</h3><div>Sleep disorders are common and impair performance and health. The intestinal microbiome regulates human chronobiology. Microbiome modulation through probiotic intervention might therefore harbor the potential to treat sleep disorders. We tested this hypothesis in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We randomized 130 volunteers with self-reported impaired quality of sleep (PSQI&gt;5) in a 1:1 ratio to a 28-day intervention with either a multispecies probiotic (OMNiBiOTiC® STRESS Repair) or a placebo. Participants completed validated questionnaires to estimate quality of sleep, quality of life and perceived stress, and collected stool samples for 16S rRNA sequencing before and after the intervention. Ninety-four participants finished the study and were included in the analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Baseline characteristics were similar between the probiotic group (n = 50; 88.6 % female, 41.2 ± 10.6 years old) and the placebo group (n = 44; 88.0 % female, 40.1 ± 10.7 years old), including the initial PSQI score (10.1 ± 2.7 vs. 10.5 ± 2.6). The probiotic intervention led to an improved sleep efficiency and latency, and thereby improved quality of sleep beyond an observable placebo effect (6.8 ± 2.9 vs. 7.7 ± 3.1; p = 0.036, probiotic and placebo group, respectively). Probiotic bacteria were partially recovered in the microbiome, causing a slight shift in beta diversity in the probiotic group. The intervention did not influence quality of life or perceived stress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In conclusion, this well-powered RCT shows that the intervention with a multispecies probiotic improved quality of sleep beyond the effect of a placebo intervention, and that the modulation of the microbiome may therefore be of clinical benefit in alleviating sleep disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 244-256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of autistic symptom differences by severity among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis and with first-episode psychosis: An 18-month longitudinal follow-up study","authors":"Hiroshi Komatsu ,&nbsp;Yutaro Sato ,&nbsp;Kazuho Tomimoto ,&nbsp;Goh Onoguchi ,&nbsp;Kaori Sora ,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Shiozawa ,&nbsp;Masato Takahama ,&nbsp;Yusuke Utsumi ,&nbsp;Yumiko Hamaie ,&nbsp;Atsushi Sakuma ,&nbsp;Noriyuki Ohmuro ,&nbsp;Masahiro Katsura ,&nbsp;Fumiaki Ito ,&nbsp;Takashi Ono ,&nbsp;Nobuhisa Kanahara ,&nbsp;Kazunori Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Tomita","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autistic symptoms influence functional outcomes in individuals at high clinical risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and in those with first-episode psychosis (FEP). Our recent findings suggest that these symptoms encompass both enduring trait-like and transient state-like features that improve with treatment over a 12-month period. This study aimed to clarify the long-term course of autistic and non-autistic symptoms by comparing individuals with high and low levels of autistic symptoms at the CHR-P and FEP over an extended 18-month period. Sixty-two participants who completed the 18-month follow-up assessment (CHR-P, n = 37; FEP, n = 25) were included. At baseline, the high autistic symptoms (HA) group exhibited a significantly greater severity of autistic symptoms, more severe non-autistic psychiatric symptoms, and lower global functioning than the low autistic symptoms (LA) group. Over the 12- and 18-month follow-up periods, both groups showed significant improvements in non-autistic psychiatric symptoms and global functioning, and the initial group differences in these domains were no longer statistically significant. In contrast, although the autistic symptoms in the HA group decreased over time, a significant difference in the PAUSS total scores between the HA and LA groups persisted throughout the follow-up. While non-autistic psychiatric symptoms and functional impairments are responsive to treatment, autistic symptoms in individuals with CHR-P and FEP may encompass both modifiable, state-like features, and stable, trait-like characteristics, persisting over an 18-month period. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of persistent autistic symptoms in early psychosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 219-224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between ADHD symptoms and suicide risk through the lens of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of suicidal behaviour","authors":"Seonaid Cleare,&nbsp;Rory C. O'Connor","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with increased vulnerability to suicide. However, understanding of the psychological factors associated with increased risk is limited. Therefore, we investigated the extent to which psychological factors from the Integrated Motivational–Volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behaviour were associated with suicide risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>696 adults who were recruited to a study on ADHD, mental health and suicide risk completed validated measures that assessed components of the IMV model, ADHD symptoms and mental health history.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>642 (92.2 %) participants scored 4 or more on the Adult ADHD Self-Report screener (ASRS; Kessler et al., 2005), indicating recent ADHD symptoms. Analyses of IMV model factors were conducted in this subgroup. More than nine out of ten (93 %) participants reported lifetime suicidal thoughts (n = 597), and 41.7 % (n = 268) reported a history of suicide attempts. Multivariable analyses showed higher defeat, internal entrapment and perceived burdensomeness were associated with recent suicidal thoughts, while mental imagery distinguished those with suicide attempt from suicidal thought histories. Perceived burdensomeness moderated the entrapment-to-suicidal thoughts relationship. Exploratory mediation analysis indicated entrapment may mediate the defeat-to-suicidal thoughts relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This is the first study to apply the IMV model to understanding the ADHD-suicide risk relationship. Psychological factors from the IMV model warrant investigation longitudinally as potentially targets for suicide prevention in people with ADHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 142-152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociative symptoms in depressive and anxiety disorders: prevalence and clinical correlates in a real-world outpatient sample","authors":"Anna Dunalska ,&nbsp;Andrzej Jakubczyk ,&nbsp;Agata Szulc ,&nbsp;Natalia Szejko","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dissociative symptoms are increasingly recognized beyond trauma-related and dissociative disorders, yet their role in depressive and anxiety disorders remains understudied, particularly in routine clinical settings. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence and clinical correlates of dissociative symptoms in 133 adult outpatients with depressive and/or anxiety disorders prior to pharmacological treatment. Dissociation was assessed using the Dissociative Experiences Scale-Revised (DES-R) and the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire-20 (SDQ-20), distinguishing between psychoform and somatoform dissociation subtypes. Clinically significant dissociation was observed in 12 % of participants (DES-R) and 18.8 % (SDQ-20). Preoccupation and imaginal involvement were the most common psychoform symptoms, whereas somatoform symptoms were widespread, with no significant difference between the positive and negative subtypes. Somatoform dissociation showed a moderate correlation with anxiety, especially somatic anxiety, whereas psychoform dissociation was only weakly associated with anxiety severity. Interaction and mediation analyses revealed distinct pathways: psychoform dissociation was independently associated with both depression and anxiety, and the nonlinear interaction suggested a saturation effect at high levels of depression. In contrast, somatoform dissociation was indirectly associated with depression via anxiety, suggesting a mediating role. These findings support the disconnection and compartmentalization theory and indicate that dissociative symptoms, even in the absence of trauma, can complicate the clinical presentation of depressive and anxiety disorders. Given that more than 10 % of participants met criteria for both severe depressive and anxiety symptoms and pathological dissociation, routine screening for dissociation seems warranted in psychiatric assessment and treatment planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenting style and deliberate self-harm among children and adolescents: A hospital-based case-control study in Japan","authors":"Yoshikazu Komura ,&nbsp;Saiko Ema ,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Nomura ,&nbsp;Keisuke Kodama ,&nbsp;Satoru Takabatake ,&nbsp;Fuminari Misawa ,&nbsp;Hiroyoshi Takeuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although inappropriate parenting styles have been shown to be associated with deliberate self-harm (DSH), few studies have assessed parenting styles from both the perspectives of patients and their parents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a hospital-based case-control study at a psychiatric ward in Japan, including patients aged 7–20 years. Histories of DSH were collected from electronic health records in the hospital. Parenting styles were assessed using the Family Diagnostic Test (FDT), which evaluates parenting style from both the patients' and parents’ perspectives. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of DSH by 10 % increase of FDT score, adjusting for age, sex, primary diagnosis, history of abuse, school refusal, the number of previous hospitalizations, and family structure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 272 patients (mean age, 15.2 [SD, 2.4] years; 57.4 % female), 115 (42.3 %) had a history of DSH. Patients who felt rejection from their mothers, avoided contact with their mothers, and felt less attached to their mothers were more likely to have histories of DSH, independent of covariates (sense of rejection, OR = 1.15 [95 %CI, 1.01–1.30]; active avoidance, OR = 1.14 [95 %CI, 1.00–1.29]; emotional closeness, OR = 0.89 [95 % CI, 0.79–1.00]; In contrast, parents’ self-assessments of their parenting style were not significantly associated with DSH.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings underscore the importance of patient-reported perceptions for revealing the underlying mechanisms linking parenting style and DSH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 317-323"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146180679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)","authors":"Tianran Zhang ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Adamis","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed as a potential non-pharmacological intervention for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). While evidence from pediatric populations is growing, the effects of tDCS in adults with ADHD remain insufficiently characterized, increasing recognition of ADHD as a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition with persistent functional impairments.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of tDCS in adults with ADHD across clinical, cognitive, and neurophysiological outcome domains.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six electronic databases were systematically searched to identify peer-reviewed controlled trials evaluating tDCS interventions in adults with clinically diagnosed ADHD through May 2025. Data extraction encompassed clinical symptom outcomes, cognitive task performance, neurophysiological findings, adverse events, medication status, and stimulation protocols. Study quality was assessed using the Downs and Black checklist. Where sufficient data were available, an exploratory random-effects meta-analysis was conducted for clinical symptom outcomes; all other outcomes were synthesized narratively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eleven controlled studies (n = 415) met inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Two randomized controlled trials provided sufficient data for exploratory meta-analysis of clinical symptoms. Pooled results suggested a possible beneficial effect of tDCS on inattention symptoms, accompanied by substantial heterogeneity (<em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 79.95 %), while no significant effect was observed for hyperactivity/impulsivity. Cognitive outcomes were heterogeneous and domain-specific, with some evidence of post-stimulation improvements in inhibitory control, working memory, and attentional measures. Two studies reported tDCS-induced modulation of frontal neurophysiological markers associated with cognitive control. Stimulation protocols varied considerably across studies, with no consistent association between specific parameters and outcomes. Adverse events were generally mild and transient, and follow-up data were limited.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Current evidence suggests that tDCS may exert domain-specific effects on inattention and selected cognitive functions in adults with ADHD. However, conclusions remain tentative due to methodological heterogeneity, small sample sizes, and limited quantitative evidence. Future research should prioritize standardized protocols, adequately powered trials with extended follow-up periods, integration of neurophysiological biomarkers, and systematic evaluation of individual difference factors to clarify the therapeutic potential and mechanisms, and advance precision neuromodulation approaches for adult ADHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 74-84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core insomnia symptoms associated with cognitive flexibility in insomnia disorder: A network analysis","authors":"Shiyan Yang ,&nbsp;Zilu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xu Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Cognitive flexibility, as a key component of executive function, is often impaired in people with insomnia. This study combined network analysis and multiple linear regression methods aimed to systematically explore the insomnia symptoms associated with cognitive flexibility in individuals with insomnia.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Based on 426 insomnia individuals who completed the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI). The network model was construct between ISI items and CFI subdimensions. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine the predictive effects of specific insomnia symptoms on the subdimensions of cognitive flexibility.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Network analysis revealed that ISI6 (noticeability of impaired quality of life) exhibited the highest node strength and expected influence in the network. Linear regression findings indicated that ISI4 (dissatisfaction about current sleep pattern), ISI6 (noticeability of impaired quality of life) and ISI7 (worry about current sleep pattern) could significantly predict CFI_C; ISI2 (difficulty staying asleep) significantly predicted CFI_A.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings indicate that impaired quality of life is the core symptom of the “Insomnia-Cognitive Flexibility Network”, and different dimensions of cognitive flexibility may be affected by different insomnia symptoms. This study enhances our understanding of the relationship between insomnia and cognitive flexibility in individuals and suggests new targets for personalized intervention in insomnia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 31-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmet Promise or Missed Potential? A pairwise and network meta-analysis on efficacy and safety of metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists and positive allosteric modulators in schizophrenia","authors":"Archana Mishra ,&nbsp;Amiya Shaju ,&nbsp;Nidhi Surendra Ibrahimpur ,&nbsp;Biswa Ranjan Mishra ,&nbsp;Anand Srinivasan ,&nbsp;Rituparna Maiti","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Metabotropic glutamate receptor(mGluR) agonists and allosteric modulators like pomaglumetad methionil(POMA) and AZD8529 offer a novel pharmacotherapeutic option in schizophrenia. The results of individual trials on these agents being inconclusive, this meta-analysis was planned to assess the safety and efficacy of mGluR modulators in schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was performed on MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar and WHO-ICTRP, and randomized controlled trials(RCTs) that compared POMA or AZD8529 with either a placebo or second-generation antipsychotics(SGAs) were included. Change in PANSS-Total score was the primary outcome, and PANSS subscales, Clinical Global Impressions-Severity(CGI-S), treatment-emergent adverse events(TEAE) and discontinuation rates were secondary outcomes. A random-effects model was used to estimate the effect size for pairwise and network meta-analysis, and the risk of bias done by RoB2 tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of ten RCTs (3715 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. mGluR modulators did not show significant improvement in PANSS-T (MD:3.20,95 %CI:0.64,5.76) or PANSS-subscales and CGI-S over the control group. The pooled odds ratio for TEAE (OR:1.08; 95 %CI:0.93,1.27) indicates a statistically nonsignificant incidence of adverse events in the experimental group. Discontinuation due to adverse events was higher in the experimental group (OR:1.43; 95 %CI:1.08,1.89), but discontinuation due to lack of efficacy was not significantly different between the groups (OR:1.24,95 %CI:0.86,1.77). Certainty of evidence ranged from high to low. None of the mGluR modulators were better than placebo or SGAs in network meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>mGluR modulators did not show efficacy in terms of improving symptom severity in schizophrenia. However, their therapeutic potential in specific subgroups may be explored by employing strategic trial designs and relevant biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>PROSPERO id</h3><div>CRD420251066533</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 52-62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of lavender herbal tea on the mental health of individuals with misophonia: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Sevgi Koroglu Gokbel ,&nbsp;Gulgun Durat","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Misophonia is a disorder characterized by heightened sensitivity to certain sounds, triggering symptoms such as sympathetic nervous system activation, anger, anxiety, and depression. This study aimed to evaluate the potential role of lavender tea in alleviating these symptoms due to its anxiolytic and antidepressant properties. A single-center, single-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted with 60 participants aged 18 and over, diagnosed with misophonia. Participants were divided equally into experimental and control groups using block randomization. The experimental group consumed 2 g of lavender tea twice daily for 14 days, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the Misophonia Scale, Beck Depression Inventory II, Anxiety Rating Scale, and Trait Anger Scale and analyzed with SPSS 25.0. Baseline characteristics, including age, gender, marital status, education level, income level, and scores for misophonia, anxiety, depression, and anger, were comparable between groups. The mixed ANOVA results suggested that positive changes were observed in misophonia and related psychological symptoms in the lavender tea group, and that these changes may have been more pronounced compared to the control group. The results suggest that the intervention may correlate with enhancements in misophonia, quality of life, and coping strategies. Lavender tea consumption may have helped alleviate symptoms of misophonia, anxiety, depression, and anger. However, due to the lack of participant blinding and the use of self-report measures, the findings should be interpreted cautiously in terms of placebo effects and expectancy bias.</div></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><div>ClinicalTrials.gov Number (NCT06785649).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}