HINA IMRAN, Tehmina Sohail, Rashid Ali Khan, Shahla Basit, Shazia Syed
1. Volsky SK, Shalitin S, Fridman E, Yackobovitch-Gavan M, Lazar L, Bello R, Oron T, Tenenbaum A, de Vries L, Lebenthal Y. Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 1 diabetes: A single-center experience. World J Diabetes. 2021;12(1):56–68. CrossRef Google Scholar
{"title":"Preventive effects of <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> and <i>Allium sativum</i> against Triton induced hyperlipidaemia in rabbits","authors":"HINA IMRAN, Tehmina Sohail, Rashid Ali Khan, Shahla Basit, Shazia Syed","doi":"10.26444/jpccr/170902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/170902","url":null,"abstract":"1. Volsky SK, Shalitin S, Fridman E, Yackobovitch-Gavan M, Lazar L, Bello R, Oron T, Tenenbaum A, de Vries L, Lebenthal Y. Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 1 diabetes: A single-center experience. World J Diabetes. 2021;12(1):56–68. CrossRef Google Scholar","PeriodicalId":16886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135453583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The world of drug discovery stands at the threshold of an era of unprecedented potential, offering a glimpse into a future where groundbreaking medical breakthroughs could revolutionize healthcare as we know it. However, this journey towards innovation is not without its hurdles, and those at the forefront – the pre-clinical scientists – find themselves navigating a complex terrain of opportunities and challenges....
{"title":"Unlocking the future of drug discovery: navigating challenges and embracing opportunities","authors":"Siva Reddy Challa","doi":"10.4081/pcr.2023.9822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/pcr.2023.9822","url":null,"abstract":"The world of drug discovery stands at the threshold of an era of unprecedented potential, offering a glimpse into a future where groundbreaking medical breakthroughs could revolutionize healthcare as we know it. However, this journey towards innovation is not without its hurdles, and those at the forefront – the pre-clinical scientists – find themselves navigating a complex terrain of opportunities and challenges....","PeriodicalId":16886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85557125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krystian Kuźniarz, E. Kwiatkowska, Remigiusz Czerkies, A. Lasota, J. Sierocińska-Sawa, T. Tomaszewski
Ameloblastoma is the odontogenic tumour of the maxillary bones accounts for approximately 1% of all dental tumours. It is clinically considered to be a lesion with local aggressiveness and a high level of tendencies to relapse, destruction of surrounding tissues, and even malignancy and metastases. The treatment of choice is currently the resection of bone en bloc with a 1–2 cm margin of healthy tissue along with its simultaneous reconstruction. Newly introduced technologies are beginning to play an increasingly important role in modern head and neck surgery. Virtual surgical planning using 3D models (CAD) allows individualised (CAM) custom-made guides and titanium prosthesis, which constitutes the individualisation of treatment. The case report presents a patient treated due to ameloblastoma of the body of the mandible, with deep circumflex iliac artery flap (DCIAF) reconstruction using elements of individual 3D planning.
{"title":"Three-dimensional individual planning for treatment of ameloblastoma of the mandible – clinical study","authors":"Krystian Kuźniarz, E. Kwiatkowska, Remigiusz Czerkies, A. Lasota, J. Sierocińska-Sawa, T. Tomaszewski","doi":"10.26444/jpccr/170251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/170251","url":null,"abstract":"Ameloblastoma is the odontogenic tumour of the maxillary bones accounts for approximately 1% of all dental tumours. It is clinically considered to be a lesion with local aggressiveness and a high level of tendencies to relapse, destruction of surrounding tissues, and even malignancy and metastases. The treatment of choice is currently the resection of bone en bloc with a 1–2 cm margin of healthy tissue along with its simultaneous reconstruction. Newly introduced technologies are beginning to play an increasingly important role in modern head and neck surgery. Virtual surgical planning using 3D models (CAD) allows individualised (CAM) custom-made guides and titanium prosthesis, which constitutes the individualisation of treatment. The case report presents a patient treated due to ameloblastoma of the body of the mandible, with deep circumflex iliac artery flap (DCIAF) reconstruction using elements of individual 3D planning.","PeriodicalId":16886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46676811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Koberling, Katarzyna Kopcik, J. Koper, Magda Bichalska-Lach, M. Rudzki
Introduction and Objective . Breastfeeding is beneficial for both mother and her newborn. Nipple trauma is a common problem in breastfeeding women. It negatively affects the quality of life of the new mothers and may be a reason for early weaning. The main aim of the paper is to summarize current knowledge about nipple wounds and trauma in lactation, based on recent literature. Review Methods. A search was undertaken of the PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Wiley databases for articles in English regarding nipple wounds in lactation. Key words “nipple wound lactation”, “nipple wound breastfeeding”, “nipple trauma lactation”, “nipple trauma breastfeeding”, “nipple injury lactation”, “nipple injury breastfeeding”, “nipple candidiasis”, “ankyloglossia breastfeeding” were used. Evaluation was based on the titles of articles, abstracts and full text. Main criteria for including the publications were whether they raised the problem of nipple trauma in lactation. Brief description of the state of knowledge . Breastfeeding is physically and mentally beneficial for both mothers and infants. Pain and damage to the nipple may affect the lactation period negatively and cause early cessation of breastfeeding. Nipple damages that may occur in lactation are cracks and fissures, abscesses, blisters, scabbing, erosion of the tissue or bleeding. Open wounds may also be present. Summary . Awareness, early detection and proper management of nipple trauma occurring in lactation is the key to successful and painless breastfeeding. New mothers should be educated about lactation as a process, breastfeeding techniques regarding both their position and baby positioning, and early symptoms of potential nipple trauma by trained personnel. Choice of treatment is based on the type of nipple trauma.
引言和目的。母乳喂养对母亲和新生儿都有好处。乳头外伤是哺乳期妇女的常见问题。它会对新妈妈的生活质量产生负面影响，可能是早期断奶的一个原因。本文的主要目的是总结目前的知识乳头伤口和创伤在哺乳期，基于最近的文献。复习方法。我们在PubMed、Web of Science、b谷歌Scholar和Wiley数据库中检索了有关哺乳期乳头损伤的英文文章。关键词:“乳头创伤性哺乳”、“乳头创伤性哺乳”、“乳头创伤性哺乳”、“乳头损伤性哺乳”、“乳头损伤性哺乳”、“乳头念珠菌病”、“粘连性哺乳”。评价依据文章标题、摘要和全文。纳入出版物的主要标准是是否提出哺乳期乳头创伤问题。对知识状态的简要描述。母乳喂养对母亲和婴儿的身心都有好处。乳头的疼痛和损伤可能会对哺乳期产生负面影响，并导致母乳喂养的早期停止。乳头损伤可能发生在哺乳期的裂缝和裂缝、脓肿、水泡、结痂、组织侵蚀或出血。也可能存在开放性伤口。总结。认识、早期发现和适当处理哺乳中发生的乳头创伤是成功和无痛母乳喂养的关键。新妈妈应该接受培训，了解哺乳的过程，母乳喂养的技巧，包括她们的体位和婴儿的体位，以及潜在乳头创伤的早期症状。治疗的选择取决于乳头创伤的类型。
{"title":"Nipple trauma in lactation - literature review","authors":"A. Koberling, Katarzyna Kopcik, J. Koper, Magda Bichalska-Lach, M. Rudzki","doi":"10.26444/jpccr/170191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/170191","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Objective . Breastfeeding is beneficial for both mother and her newborn. Nipple trauma is a common problem in breastfeeding women. It negatively affects the quality of life of the new mothers and may be a reason for early weaning. The main aim of the paper is to summarize current knowledge about nipple wounds and trauma in lactation, based on recent literature. Review Methods. A search was undertaken of the PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Wiley databases for articles in English regarding nipple wounds in lactation. Key words “nipple wound lactation”, “nipple wound breastfeeding”, “nipple trauma lactation”, “nipple trauma breastfeeding”, “nipple injury lactation”, “nipple injury breastfeeding”, “nipple candidiasis”, “ankyloglossia breastfeeding” were used. Evaluation was based on the titles of articles, abstracts and full text. Main criteria for including the publications were whether they raised the problem of nipple trauma in lactation. Brief description of the state of knowledge . Breastfeeding is physically and mentally beneficial for both mothers and infants. Pain and damage to the nipple may affect the lactation period negatively and cause early cessation of breastfeeding. Nipple damages that may occur in lactation are cracks and fissures, abscesses, blisters, scabbing, erosion of the tissue or bleeding. Open wounds may also be present. Summary . Awareness, early detection and proper management of nipple trauma occurring in lactation is the key to successful and painless breastfeeding. New mothers should be educated about lactation as a process, breastfeeding techniques regarding both their position and baby positioning, and early symptoms of potential nipple trauma by trained personnel. Choice of treatment is based on the type of nipple trauma.","PeriodicalId":16886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42801561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kamila Derlatka, Marika Kulczycka, Zuzanna Paluch, Jakub Hamouta, Kamil Baczewski, J. Stążka
Left ventricular rupture is a form of blunt cardiac trauma that is less common than right ventricular rupture due to the anatomical arrangement of the heart. This case report details the successful surgical treatment of a 63-year-old male patient who suffered a left ventricular apex rupture due to a traffic accident. Despite the low survival rate associated with this condition, the patient recovered well following sternotomy to suture the rupture and evacuate blood from the pericardial sac. In addition, the patient also had a splenic rupture that was managed by general surgeons performing splenectomy. Follow-up echocardiography showed a small amount of fluid in the pericardial sac, and the patient was discharged in good condition with advice to take sotalol for atrial fibrillation. This rare case highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention for left ventricular rupture in traffic accidents, as it can lead to favourable patient outcomes.
{"title":"Left ventricular rupture as a consequence of blunt trauma – case report and literature review","authors":"Kamila Derlatka, Marika Kulczycka, Zuzanna Paluch, Jakub Hamouta, Kamil Baczewski, J. Stążka","doi":"10.26444/jpccr/170084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/170084","url":null,"abstract":"Left ventricular rupture is a form of blunt cardiac trauma that is less common than right ventricular rupture due to the anatomical arrangement of the heart. This case report details the successful surgical treatment of a 63-year-old male patient who suffered a left ventricular apex rupture due to a traffic accident. Despite the low survival rate associated with this condition, the patient recovered well following sternotomy to suture the rupture and evacuate blood from the pericardial sac. In addition, the patient also had a splenic rupture that was managed by general surgeons performing splenectomy. Follow-up echocardiography showed a small amount of fluid in the pericardial sac, and the patient was discharged in good condition with advice to take sotalol for atrial fibrillation. This rare case highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention for left ventricular rupture in traffic accidents, as it can lead to favourable patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":16886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46588141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and Objective. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the lives of students. The epidemic situation promoted the development of civilization diseases, among them lower back pain syndromes. These syndromes are the most common reasons for visits to the offices of doctors and physiotherapists The aim of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of lower back pain among students of the University of Rzeszów, south-eastern Poland, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and method. A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the University of Rzeszów. The criterion for inclusion was the current status of the student, age between 19–26 years and good general health. Persons with physical disabilities, sick and staying for the last 7 days in hospital, and pregnant women were excluded from the survey. A total of 179 responses were obtained and 176 students were included in the study. The study was conducted using an author’s questionnaire containing own questions and questions from the Polish version of the short International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results. The intensity of lower back pain had no statistically significant effect on the metabolic equivalent measured by the IPAQ questionnaire. Decreased physical activity in the study group resulted in a statistically significant change in body weight. Year of study had a statistically significant effect on the onset of lower back pain. Conclusions. The level of lower back pain does not affect the physical activity of the students in the study. The field of study had a significant influence on physical activity. The duration of lower back pain in the study group had a significant effect on the level of pain in the VAS scale.
{"title":"Assessment of the prevalence of lower back pain syndromes among students during the remote teaching period","authors":"Klaudia Kuliga, M. Kuliga","doi":"10.26444/jpccr/169356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/169356","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Objective. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the lives of students. The epidemic situation promoted the development of civilization diseases, among them lower back pain syndromes. These syndromes are the most common reasons for visits to the offices of doctors and physiotherapists The aim of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of lower back pain among students of the University of Rzeszów, south-eastern Poland, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and method. A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the University of Rzeszów. The criterion for inclusion was the current status of the student, age between 19–26 years and good general health. Persons with physical disabilities, sick and staying for the last 7 days in hospital, and pregnant women were excluded from the survey. A total of 179 responses were obtained and 176 students were included in the study. The study was conducted using an author’s questionnaire containing own questions and questions from the Polish version of the short International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results. The intensity of lower back pain had no statistically significant effect on the metabolic equivalent measured by the IPAQ questionnaire. Decreased physical activity in the study group resulted in a statistically significant change in body weight. Year of study had a statistically significant effect on the onset of lower back pain. Conclusions. The level of lower back pain does not affect the physical activity of the students in the study. The field of study had a significant influence on physical activity. The duration of lower back pain in the study group had a significant effect on the level of pain in the VAS scale.","PeriodicalId":16886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44121847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Golovenko, A. Reder, I. Zupanets, N. Bezugla, V. Larionov, Irina Valivodz`
Introduction and Objective. Propoxazepam, 7-bromo-5 - (o-chlorophenyl)-3-propoxy – 1,2-dihydro – 3H-1,4- benzodiazepin-2-one, in the models of nociceptive and neuropathic pain showed significant analgesic activity. The aim of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of propoxazepam and its metabolites after a single oral dose in healthy volunteers. Materials and method. 12 volunteers were orally dosed with 5 mg propoxazepam under fasting conditions. Blood samples were collected up to 72 hours after administration and propxazepam extracted with liquid-phase extraction and analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results. Maximum propoxazepam concentration (22.276 ng/mL) was reached in blood by 4 hours after administration. It had a large volume of distribution (~6.3 L/kg), the elimination half-life 30.11 hours, MRT 37.77 hours, common clearance – 9062.929 mL/hour. Both propoxazepam and its metabolites (3-hydroxy derivative and glucuronide) were detected in the urine of volunteers. The urinary excretion rate of propoxazepam is proportional to its concentration in plasma. Only a small amount of unchanged propoxazepam was excreted with urine – 0.062 % of the administered dose. Renal clearance – 6.46 mL/hour. Conclusions. A single dose (5 mg) of Propoxazepam administered orally showed good tolerability, pharmacokinetically characterized by rapid absorption, slow elimination and low quantities of unchanged parent urinary excreted. The oxidized metabolite (3-hydroxypropoxazepam) and its glucuronide were excreted with urin, a total of up to 10.5% of the administered dose, which indicates a high degree of metabolism and possible hepatointestinal circulation.
{"title":"A Phase I study evaluating the pharmacokinetic profile of a novel oral analgesic propoxazepam","authors":"M. Golovenko, A. Reder, I. Zupanets, N. Bezugla, V. Larionov, Irina Valivodz`","doi":"10.26444/jpccr/169426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/169426","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Objective. Propoxazepam, 7-bromo-5 - (o-chlorophenyl)-3-propoxy – 1,2-dihydro – 3H-1,4- benzodiazepin-2-one, in the models of nociceptive and neuropathic pain showed significant analgesic activity. The aim of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of propoxazepam and its metabolites after a single oral dose in healthy volunteers. Materials and method. 12 volunteers were orally dosed with 5 mg propoxazepam under fasting conditions. Blood samples were collected up to 72 hours after administration and propxazepam extracted with liquid-phase extraction and analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results. Maximum propoxazepam concentration (22.276 ng/mL) was reached in blood by 4 hours after administration. It had a large volume of distribution (~6.3 L/kg), the elimination half-life 30.11 hours, MRT 37.77 hours, common clearance – 9062.929 mL/hour. Both propoxazepam and its metabolites (3-hydroxy derivative and glucuronide) were detected in the urine of volunteers. The urinary excretion rate of propoxazepam is proportional to its concentration in plasma. Only a small amount of unchanged propoxazepam was excreted with urine – 0.062 % of the administered dose. Renal clearance – 6.46 mL/hour. Conclusions. A single dose (5 mg) of Propoxazepam administered orally showed good tolerability, pharmacokinetically characterized by rapid absorption, slow elimination and low quantities of unchanged parent urinary excreted. The oxidized metabolite (3-hydroxypropoxazepam) and its glucuronide were excreted with urin, a total of up to 10.5% of the administered dose, which indicates a high degree of metabolism and possible hepatointestinal circulation.","PeriodicalId":16886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45047573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arkadiusz Adamiszak, Sylwia Adamiszak, Ł. Dobrek, O. Fedorowicz, A. Bienert
Introduction and Objective. Growing resistance to commonly used antibiotics has challenged 21st-century medicine. To date, antibiotic policy has induced bacterial resistance and isolation of multi-drug resistant superbugs insensitive to known antibiotics. The aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge of primary healthcare patients about antibiotic usage, and to identify incorrect patient habits. Materials and method. The research was based on a proprietary, anonymous Internet survey consisting of 21 questions, in which only adults could participate. The survey selected nine questions to assess the respondents’ knowledge. Results. 201 patients participated in the study. About 50% of participants based their knowledge about antibiotics on information obtained during a medical visit, 16.4% on consultations with a pharmacist, 24.9% on the Internet, and 11.4% exchanged experiences with friends. Every third respondent was not satisfied with the information obtained from a doctor. People with higher education reported this issue more often (p<0.05). Nearly 35% of people living in the countryside (p<0.05) admitted to using the part of a drug left after previous antibiotic therapy, and 10% administered antibiotics obtained from friends or relatives. Every fourth patient believed that antibiotics were effective against colds and flu. The average knowledge test result was 5.49 out of 9 points, and a positive score of 6 or more was obtained by nearly 60% of the respondents. Conclusions. The results of this preliminary study indicate that more focus should be given to improving patients’ education and compliance with treatment recommendations.
{"title":"Primary healthcare antibiotic therapy in Poland: a patient perspective – preliminary survey study","authors":"Arkadiusz Adamiszak, Sylwia Adamiszak, Ł. Dobrek, O. Fedorowicz, A. Bienert","doi":"10.26444/jpccr/169613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/169613","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Objective. Growing resistance to commonly used antibiotics has challenged 21st-century medicine. To date, antibiotic policy has induced bacterial resistance and isolation of multi-drug resistant superbugs insensitive to known antibiotics. The aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge of primary healthcare patients about antibiotic usage, and to identify incorrect patient habits. Materials and method. The research was based on a proprietary, anonymous Internet survey consisting of 21 questions, in which only adults could participate. The survey selected nine questions to assess the respondents’ knowledge. Results. 201 patients participated in the study. About 50% of participants based their knowledge about antibiotics on information obtained during a medical visit, 16.4% on consultations with a pharmacist, 24.9% on the Internet, and 11.4% exchanged experiences with friends. Every third respondent was not satisfied with the information obtained from a doctor. People with higher education reported this issue more often (p<0.05). Nearly 35% of people living in the countryside (p<0.05) admitted to using the part of a drug left after previous antibiotic therapy, and 10% administered antibiotics obtained from friends or relatives. Every fourth patient believed that antibiotics were effective against colds and flu. The average knowledge test result was 5.49 out of 9 points, and a positive score of 6 or more was obtained by nearly 60% of the respondents. Conclusions. The results of this preliminary study indicate that more focus should be given to improving patients’ education and compliance with treatment recommendations.","PeriodicalId":16886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45284177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcin Miłosz Jezierzański, Tomasz Furgoł, Michał Miciak
Introduction and Objective. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder where a desynchronization occurs in the discharge of neurons of specific brain areas. Clinically, this manifests as epileptic seizures with possible disturbances of consciousness. Therapy of epilepsy is based on pharmacotherapy, but in cases of drug resistance, alternative methods, such as ketogenic diet (KD) should be explored. The aim of this review is to present the current state of knowledge concerning the use of KD in epilepsy and the clinical results of such therapy. Review Methods. PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases were searched using key words related to epilepsy, ketogenic diet, metabolic mechanisms of ketosis and antiepileptic effects of ketone bodies. Articles and book sections in English were searched and reviewed. Articles were selected after analyzing abstracts and those that matched and described the topic in a proper way were used. The types of articles included prospective studies, retrospective studies, reviews and meta-analyses. Brief description of the state of knowledge. From the initial search, 20 articles strictly concerning the KD mechanisms of action, its antiepileptic effects and the results of the therapy conducted were retrieved for final analysis. Available data provide the information specifically on the definition of KD, adverse effects, anti-seizure mechanisms and therapy results mainly from recent years. KD is currently being used as an alternative therapy in drug-resistant epilepsies. The reduction in seizures after its use averages about 50%, and some studies have shown up to 90% effectiveness in seizure reduction. Summary. Understanding the mechanisms of brain metabolism allowed the use of KD in the treatment of epilepsy and other neuropsychiatric diseases. The results of the therapy appear to be satisfactory and provide hope for future epilepsy therapy.
{"title":"The use of ketogenic diet in therapy of drug-resistant epilepsies – current state of knowledge","authors":"Marcin Miłosz Jezierzański, Tomasz Furgoł, Michał Miciak","doi":"10.26444/jpccr/168678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/168678","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Objective. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder where a desynchronization occurs in the discharge of neurons of specific brain areas. Clinically, this manifests as epileptic seizures with possible disturbances of consciousness. Therapy of epilepsy is based on pharmacotherapy, but in cases of drug resistance, alternative methods, such as ketogenic diet (KD) should be explored. The aim of this review is to present the current state of knowledge concerning the use of KD in epilepsy and the clinical results of such therapy. Review Methods. PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases were searched using key words related to epilepsy, ketogenic diet, metabolic mechanisms of ketosis and antiepileptic effects of ketone bodies. Articles and book sections in English were searched and reviewed. Articles were selected after analyzing abstracts and those that matched and described the topic in a proper way were used. The types of articles included prospective studies, retrospective studies, reviews and meta-analyses. Brief description of the state of knowledge. From the initial search, 20 articles strictly concerning the KD mechanisms of action, its antiepileptic effects and the results of the therapy conducted were retrieved for final analysis. Available data provide the information specifically on the definition of KD, adverse effects, anti-seizure mechanisms and therapy results mainly from recent years. KD is currently being used as an alternative therapy in drug-resistant epilepsies. The reduction in seizures after its use averages about 50%, and some studies have shown up to 90% effectiveness in seizure reduction. Summary. Understanding the mechanisms of brain metabolism allowed the use of KD in the treatment of epilepsy and other neuropsychiatric diseases. The results of the therapy appear to be satisfactory and provide hope for future epilepsy therapy.","PeriodicalId":16886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44360627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomasz Szawłoga, Anna Strzoda, Aleksandra Sobieszczańska
Introduction. Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, caused primarily by loss of function mutations in 2 genes EXT1 and EXT2 linked to the synthesis of heparan sulfate (HS). Deficiency of HS causes the formation of numerous benign cartilage-capped bone tumours. There is no causal treatment for this disease. Surgery is recommended only for symptomatic lesions and malignant transformations. Case Report. The case is presented of an 11-year-old boy with a pathogenic variant in the EXT1 gene and steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (NS), diagnosed at the age of 8. There are only single reports of the co-existence of HME and NS. Conceivably, HS deficiency may explain ultra-structural changes in kidney glomeruli that result in NS, although unknown, second-hit risk factors seem to have significant contributions. Further research is necessary.
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