The process streams in the forest industry contain a large amount of hemicelluloses that today ends up in the wastewater. This is an unfortunate loss of a renewable raw material. The hemicelluloses can be isolated from the process stream by using membrane filtration in a process that produces purified water as a by-product, thereby facilitating increased recirculation. However, process streams from the forest industry contain both aromatic compounds and inorganic ions that are known to cause fouling of the membranes. Thus, the most suitable membrane and pretreatment from a cost-efficient point of view must be applied to avoid fouling and life-time shortening of the membranes during operation. In the present investigation, fouling during ultrafiltration of a process stream from the production of Masonite was studied. The fouling of a hydrophilic membrane made of regenerated cellulose was less severe than the fouling of hydrophobic membranes made of polyether sulphone and a composite fluoropolymer. Pretreatment of the wastewater with activated carbon resulted in higher flux and less fouling of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic membranes. Lowering the pH of the wastewater led to less severe fouling of the regenerated cellulose membrane, but lower flux of the composite fluoropolymer membrane.
{"title":"Fouling of Ultrafiltration Membranes during Isolation of Hemicelluloses in the Forest Industry","authors":"T. Persson, A. Jönsson","doi":"10.3814/2009/624012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2009/624012","url":null,"abstract":"The process streams in the forest industry contain a large amount of hemicelluloses that today ends up in the wastewater. This is an unfortunate loss of a renewable raw material. The hemicelluloses can be isolated from the process stream by using membrane filtration in a process that produces purified water as a by-product, thereby facilitating increased recirculation. However, process streams from the forest industry contain both aromatic compounds and inorganic ions that are known to cause fouling of the membranes. Thus, the most suitable membrane and pretreatment from a cost-efficient point of view must be applied to avoid fouling and life-time shortening of the membranes during operation. In the present investigation, fouling during ultrafiltration of a process stream from the production of Masonite was studied. The fouling of a hydrophilic membrane made of regenerated cellulose was less severe than the fouling of hydrophobic membranes made of polyether sulphone and a composite fluoropolymer. Pretreatment of the wastewater with activated carbon resulted in higher flux and less fouling of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic membranes. Lowering the pH of the wastewater led to less severe fouling of the regenerated cellulose membrane, but lower flux of the composite fluoropolymer membrane.","PeriodicalId":169134,"journal":{"name":"Scholarly Research Exchange","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122565858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Nuzzo, F. Pizzo, G. Albeggiani, S. Sciarrino, G. Duro
Therapeutic attempts to cure allergic diseases reduce symptoms without circumventing the onset of the allergic reaction. Specific immunotherapy (SIT), is the most commonly used treatment. Nevertheless, SIT may account for various adverse events. Therefore, different therapies have been developed in order to treat and prevent allergic reactions. Among these therapies, there is an increased interest in studying recombinant peptides mutated in the IgE binding site. Several studies have shown two major allergens of Parietaria judaica (Pj) named Par j 1 and Par j 2, which have been cloned and characterized by us. In our study we have fragmented the Par j 2 protein in order to determine the major epitopes recognized by human IgE and we used site-directed mutagenesis to identify potential amino acid residues involved in IgE binding. The IgE binding activity of the recombinant peptides was tested and the results showed that site-specific mutagenesis at positions K41, T42, T43, and C52 caused a loss of IgE binding. The goal of this work is to synthesize molecules which can induce a protective immune response against Pj. These molecules will be used in immunotherapy in order to create new vaccines for the treatment of Parietaria pollen allergy.
{"title":"Amino Acid Substitution in Par j 2 Recombinant Allergen and Its Effect on IgE Binding Capacity","authors":"D. Nuzzo, F. Pizzo, G. Albeggiani, S. Sciarrino, G. Duro","doi":"10.3814/2009/343405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2009/343405","url":null,"abstract":"Therapeutic attempts to cure allergic diseases reduce symptoms without circumventing the onset of the allergic reaction. Specific immunotherapy (SIT), is the most commonly used treatment. Nevertheless, SIT may account for various adverse events. Therefore, different therapies have been developed in order to treat and prevent allergic reactions. Among these therapies, there is an increased interest in studying recombinant peptides mutated in the IgE binding site. Several studies have shown two major allergens of Parietaria judaica (Pj) named Par j 1 and Par j 2, which have been cloned and characterized by us. In our study we have fragmented the Par j 2 protein in order to determine the major epitopes recognized by human IgE and we used site-directed mutagenesis to identify potential amino acid residues involved in IgE binding. The IgE binding activity of the recombinant peptides was tested and the results showed that site-specific mutagenesis at positions K41, T42, T43, and C52 caused a loss of IgE binding. The goal of this work is to synthesize molecules which can induce a protective immune response against Pj. These molecules will be used in immunotherapy in order to create new vaccines for the treatment of Parietaria pollen allergy.","PeriodicalId":169134,"journal":{"name":"Scholarly Research Exchange","volume":"2009 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130296392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Zakaria, Jennifer Herrick, C. Reynolds, N. Tran, J. Donohue, J. Boughey
Recurrence or new breast cancer after mastectomy and autologous breast reconstruction is a rare occurrence. We present a case series of four patients with this rare phenomenon and describe their presentation, workup, and surgical and adjuvant therapy. We discuss the possible physiologic mechanisms leading to tumor recurrence in a reconstructed breast along with literature review. A new palpable mass in a reconstructed breast mound warrants tissue diagnosis to avoid delay in treatment. The surgical options for breast cancer in tissue reconstructions depend on the location and extent of the tumor, involvement of the vascular pedicle, stage of disease, and adjuvant therapy options.
{"title":"Invasive Breast Cancer after Mastectomy and Autologous Breast Reconstruction","authors":"S. Zakaria, Jennifer Herrick, C. Reynolds, N. Tran, J. Donohue, J. Boughey","doi":"10.3814/2009/963818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2009/963818","url":null,"abstract":"Recurrence or new breast cancer after mastectomy and autologous breast reconstruction is a rare occurrence. We present a case series of four patients with this rare phenomenon and describe their presentation, workup, and surgical and adjuvant therapy. We discuss the possible physiologic mechanisms leading to tumor recurrence in a reconstructed breast along with literature review. A new palpable mass in a reconstructed breast mound warrants tissue diagnosis to avoid delay in treatment. The surgical options for breast cancer in tissue reconstructions depend on the location and extent of the tumor, involvement of the vascular pedicle, stage of disease, and adjuvant therapy options.","PeriodicalId":169134,"journal":{"name":"Scholarly Research Exchange","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125957496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of the present review was to examine apoptosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and to address (i) the prevalence of apoptosis in acute MI, (ii) techniques to determine apoptosis, (iii) time period from the onset of acute MI to the detection of apoptosis, (iv) criticisms about apoptosis in acute MI. A systematic literature search identified over 20 publications comprising over 400 patients. The prevalence of apoptosis varied from over 90% in nuclear imaging studies using annexin binding to 0.25% in an autopsy study using monoclonal antibody to single-stranded DNA. Apoptosis was present in 50–60% of infarcted hearts within 24 hours of MI (detected by Bax and activated caspase-3), 26% of myocytes in patients who died within 11 days of MI (pooled mean from 5 studies using only TUNEL staining), and 12% of the myocytes of patients who died, on average, 20 days after onset of MI (pooled mean from eight studies using dual staining with caspase-3 plus TUNEL). Criticisms of the TUNEL assay appear unjustified as TUNEL is at least 85% specific using caspase-3 activation as a marker of apoptosis. Taken together, DNA fragmentation on agarose gel electrophoresis, TUNEL staining of nuclei, caspase-3 activation, bcl-2 and Bax expression, and annexin V binding overwhelming support apoptotic cell death as an important component of MI. The amount of cardiac apoptosis correlates with the presence of heart failure and fatal arrhythmias. Heart failure as a complication of MI carries a high mortality and indicates the amount of myocardium lost during the infarct. Taken together, these findings suggest the need for clinical trials in acute MI to confirm whether inhibition of apoptosis can reduce patient morbidity and mortality.
{"title":"Apoptosis in Human Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Rationale for Clinical Trials of Apoptosis Inhibition in Acute Myocardial Infarction","authors":"S. Rabkin","doi":"10.3814/2009/979318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2009/979318","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present review was to examine apoptosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and to address (i) the prevalence of apoptosis in acute MI, (ii) techniques to determine apoptosis, (iii) time period from the onset of acute MI to the detection of apoptosis, (iv) criticisms about apoptosis in acute MI. A systematic literature search identified over 20 publications comprising over 400 patients. The prevalence of apoptosis varied from over 90% in nuclear imaging studies using annexin binding to 0.25% in an autopsy study using monoclonal antibody to single-stranded DNA. Apoptosis was present in 50–60% of infarcted hearts within 24 hours of MI (detected by Bax and activated caspase-3), 26% of myocytes in patients who died within 11 days of MI (pooled mean from 5 studies using only TUNEL staining), and 12% of the myocytes of patients who died, on average, 20 days after onset of MI (pooled mean from eight studies using dual staining with caspase-3 plus TUNEL). Criticisms of the TUNEL assay appear unjustified as TUNEL is at least 85% specific using caspase-3 activation as a marker of apoptosis. Taken together, DNA fragmentation on agarose gel electrophoresis, TUNEL staining of nuclei, caspase-3 activation, bcl-2 and Bax expression, and annexin V binding overwhelming support apoptotic cell death as an important component of MI. The amount of cardiac apoptosis correlates with the presence of heart failure and fatal arrhythmias. Heart failure as a complication of MI carries a high mortality and indicates the amount of myocardium lost during the infarct. Taken together, these findings suggest the need for clinical trials in acute MI to confirm whether inhibition of apoptosis can reduce patient morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":169134,"journal":{"name":"Scholarly Research Exchange","volume":"323 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114804912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Reshetnyak, G. Saparin, P. V. Ivannikov, V. Reshetnyak
The aim. To evaluate the frequency of gallstone formation and alteration of plasma lipid profiles in SLE patients long treated with prednisolone. Material and methods. Sixty patients with SLE were divided into 2 groups: (1) 38 SLE patients without gallstones; (2) 22 SLE patients with gallstones. Gallbladder ultrasonography was performed in all the patients, and the serum lipid profile was determined. To identify the composition and structure of gallstones obtained during cholecystectomy, color cathodoluminescence scanning electromicroscopy was used. Results. Gallstone disease was detected in 22 (36.7%) patients of the 60 examinees and in 22 (68.8%) of the 32 SLE patients receiving prednisolone therapy; whereas none of the 28 prednisolone-untreated patients was found to have the disease ( P = .001 ). There were the most significant differences between the SLE patients with and without gallstones in the duration of administration of prednisolone and in its mean daily and mean monthly doses, and cumulative ones. Conclusion. Age at the onset of the disease, the mean daily dose of corticosteroids, and the duration of therapy with these agents are the most likely factors predisposing to gallstone disease in SLE patients. The CCL-SEM study identified predominantly the protein-cholesterol structure of gallstones.
{"title":"Corticosteroids and Cholelithiasis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","authors":"T. Reshetnyak, G. Saparin, P. V. Ivannikov, V. Reshetnyak","doi":"10.3814/2009/123481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2009/123481","url":null,"abstract":"The aim. To evaluate the frequency \u0000of gallstone formation and alteration of plasma lipid profiles in \u0000SLE patients long treated with prednisolone. Material and methods. \u0000Sixty patients with SLE were divided into 2 groups: (1) 38 SLE \u0000patients without gallstones; (2) 22 SLE patients with gallstones. \u0000Gallbladder ultrasonography was performed in all the patients, and \u0000the serum lipid profile was determined. To identify the \u0000composition and structure of gallstones obtained during \u0000cholecystectomy, color cathodoluminescence scanning \u0000electromicroscopy was used. Results. Gallstone disease was \u0000detected in 22 (36.7%) patients of the 60 examinees and in 22 \u0000(68.8%) of the 32 SLE patients receiving prednisolone therapy; \u0000whereas none of the 28 prednisolone-untreated patients was found \u0000to have the disease ( P = .001 ). There were the most significant \u0000differences between the SLE patients with and without gallstones \u0000in the duration of administration of prednisolone and in its mean \u0000daily and mean monthly doses, and cumulative ones. Conclusion. Age \u0000at the onset of the disease, the mean daily dose of \u0000corticosteroids, and the duration of therapy with these agents are \u0000the most likely factors predisposing to gallstone disease in SLE \u0000patients. The CCL-SEM study identified predominantly the \u0000protein-cholesterol structure of gallstones.","PeriodicalId":169134,"journal":{"name":"Scholarly Research Exchange","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124993734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aarti D. Ozarkar, D. Prakash, D. Deobagkar, D. Deobagkar
Plasmodium falciparum synthesizes P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP-1), a product of the multicopy var gene family, which localizes on the surface of infected erythrocytes. This protein plays an important role in cytoadherence and immune evasion. Comparative analysis of the molecular sequences of the DBLα domain of the var gene from different isolates of the parasite reveals variations in the number of cysteines and presence of small conserved motifs like DGEA, RGD, GAG-binding motifs. Phylogenetic analysis while highlighting the extensive diversity leads to clustered them in separate clades far apart from each other. Discriminant factor analysis of physicochemical properties of amino acid sequences revealed that the aliphatic index, isoelectric point, and instability index have more effect in deciding the variance of different isolates sequences. The origin of diverse repertoire of the DBLα domain in the parasites highlights the complexity of host-parasite relationship in the context of parasite survival.
{"title":"Analysis of PfEMP1—var Gene Sequences in Different Plasmodium falciparum Malarial Parasites","authors":"Aarti D. Ozarkar, D. Prakash, D. Deobagkar, D. Deobagkar","doi":"10.3814/2009/824949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2009/824949","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmodium falciparum synthesizes P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP-1), \u0000 a product of the multicopy var gene family, which localizes on the surface of infected erythrocytes. This protein plays \u0000 an important role in cytoadherence and immune evasion. Comparative analysis of the molecular sequences of the \u0000 DBLα domain of the var gene from different isolates of the parasite reveals variations in the number of cysteines and presence of small conserved motifs like DGEA, RGD, GAG-binding motifs. Phylogenetic analysis while highlighting the extensive diversity leads to clustered them in separate clades far apart from each other. Discriminant factor analysis of physicochemical properties of amino acid sequences revealed that the aliphatic index, isoelectric point, and instability index have more effect in deciding the variance of different isolates sequences. The origin of diverse repertoire of the DBLα domain in the parasites highlights the complexity of host-parasite relationship in the context of parasite survival.","PeriodicalId":169134,"journal":{"name":"Scholarly Research Exchange","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130509195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The transverse vibration of an axially accelerating viscoelastic plate is investigated. The governing equation is derived from the two-dimensional viscoelastic differential constitutive relation while the resulting equation is discretized by the differential quadrature method (DQM). By introducing state vector, the first-order state equation with periodic coefficients is established and then it is solved by Runge-Kutta method. Based on the Floquet theory, the dynamic instability regions and dynamic stability regions for the accelerating plate are determined and the effects of the system parameters on dynamic stability of the plate are discussed.
{"title":"Dynamic Stability of Axially Accelerating Viscoelastic Plate","authors":"Yin-feng Zhou, Zhongming Wang","doi":"10.3814/2009/856320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2009/856320","url":null,"abstract":"The transverse vibration of an axially accelerating viscoelastic plate is investigated. The governing equation is derived from the \u0000two-dimensional viscoelastic differential constitutive relation while the resulting equation is discretized by the differential quadrature method (DQM). By introducing state vector, the first-order state equation with periodic coefficients is established and then it is solved by Runge-Kutta method. Based on the Floquet theory, the dynamic instability regions and dynamic stability regions for the accelerating plate are determined and the effects of the system parameters on dynamic stability of the plate are discussed.","PeriodicalId":169134,"journal":{"name":"Scholarly Research Exchange","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132986211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Literature specific to impacted premolars is not extensive despite the fact that mandibular 2nd premolars alone account for 2.4% of dental impactions. The purpose of this paper is to describe the radical approach (extraction) of a transversally impacted 2nd premolar in the mandible through a lingual approach due to its peculiar position presuming it will contribute toward the literature regarding impacted mandible premolars.
{"title":"Mandibular Premolar Impaction","authors":"V. Kalia, Manmeet Aneja","doi":"10.3814/2009/821857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2009/821857","url":null,"abstract":"Literature specific to impacted premolars is not extensive despite the fact that mandibular 2nd premolars alone account for 2.4% of dental impactions. \u0000The purpose of this paper is to describe the radical approach (extraction) of a transversally impacted 2nd premolar in the mandible through a lingual approach due to its peculiar position presuming it will contribute toward the literature regarding impacted mandible premolars.","PeriodicalId":169134,"journal":{"name":"Scholarly Research Exchange","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126956669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Mitera, D. Roitman, Gina Pohani, Michael Brennan, A. Fox, C. Danjoux, E. Sinclair, E. Chow
We present a 68-year-old male with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) from gastroesophageal junction carcinoma. Three months following epirubicin, cisplatin, 5-flurouracil (ECF) chemotherapy, the patient suffered from gait imbalance, headache, and dysarthria. CT and MRI imaging revealed LC throughout the brain and spine. The patient was prescribed dexamethasone and treated with a course of palliative radiation to the whole brain, 2000cGy/5. Additionally, the regions of symptomatic disease in the spine included the top of L4 vertebrae to the bottom of the S2 vertebrae which was treated with 2000cGy/5, and the top of the C5 vertebrae to the bottom of the T4 vetebrae received 800cGy/1. The radiation treatment did provide short-term symptom control; however, the patient eventually passed away from his illness. While LC remains a devastating complication of malignant disease, it has been rarely discussed in GI tumors, specifically GE junction adenocarcinomas. Therefore treatment options must be considered using first principles based on management of LC in more common disease sites. With early detection, and for patients with good performance status, palliative radiation utilizing hypofractionated regimens to sites of symptomatic involvement may improve quality of life for this group of unfortunate people.
{"title":"Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis Secondary to Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review of a Rare Occurrence","authors":"G. Mitera, D. Roitman, Gina Pohani, Michael Brennan, A. Fox, C. Danjoux, E. Sinclair, E. Chow","doi":"10.3814/2009/642154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2009/642154","url":null,"abstract":"We present a 68-year-old male with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) from gastroesophageal junction carcinoma. Three months following epirubicin, cisplatin, 5-flurouracil (ECF) chemotherapy, the patient suffered from gait imbalance, headache, and dysarthria. CT and MRI imaging revealed LC throughout the brain and spine. The patient was prescribed dexamethasone and treated with a course of palliative radiation to the whole brain, 2000cGy/5. Additionally, the regions of symptomatic disease in the spine included the top of L4 vertebrae to the bottom of the S2 vertebrae which was treated with 2000cGy/5, and the top of the C5 vertebrae to the bottom of the T4 vetebrae received 800cGy/1. The radiation treatment did provide short-term symptom control; however, the patient eventually passed away from his illness. While LC remains a devastating complication of malignant disease, it has been rarely discussed in GI tumors, specifically GE junction adenocarcinomas. Therefore treatment options must be considered using first principles based on management of LC in more common disease sites. With early detection, and for patients with good performance status, palliative radiation utilizing hypofractionated regimens to sites of symptomatic involvement may improve quality of life for this group of unfortunate people.","PeriodicalId":169134,"journal":{"name":"Scholarly Research Exchange","volume":"56 66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124074652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We consider an inverse problem for partial differential equation with nonlinear conductivity term in one-dimensional space within a finite interval. In the considered problem, a temperature history is unknown in a boundary of domain. The homotopy perturbation technique is used. Moreover, we have presented a numerical example.
{"title":"An Inverse Problem for Parabolic Partial Differential Equations with Nonlinear Conductivity Term","authors":"A. Zakeri, Q. Jannati","doi":"10.3814/2009/468570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2009/468570","url":null,"abstract":"We consider an inverse problem for partial differential equation with nonlinear conductivity \u0000term in one-dimensional space within a finite interval. In the considered problem, a temperature \u0000history is unknown in a boundary of domain. The homotopy perturbation technique is \u0000used. Moreover, we have presented a numerical example.","PeriodicalId":169134,"journal":{"name":"Scholarly Research Exchange","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132340782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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