Background & Aims : To use ultrasonography to assess obstetric conjugate in pregnant women at term, and to study its relationship with mode of delivery and birth weight. Materials & Methods : Hundred women at term, in early labor or admitted for induction of labor, entered the study. Longitudinal ultrasonic scanning by transabdominal 3.5 MHz curvilinear probe was performed for measurement of obstetric conjugate from a site most adjacent to pubic symphysis to the sacral promontory. Based on this obstetric conjugate measurement, women were divided into three groups namely those with obstetric conjugate < 10 cm, 10.1-12 cm, and > 12 cm. Mode of delivery and birth weight was noted. Mode of delivery and birth weight were correlated with ultrasonic obstetric conjugate. Ordinary least square method and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of the women was 26.68 years. The mean obstetric conjugate of the women under study was 11.32 cm and the mean birth weight of newborns was 3.145 kg. The relation between birth weight of newborns of patients and ultrasound obstetric conjugate was a linear co-relation with p value < 0.001. The cesarean delivery rate was 58.3%, 5%, and 14% when ultrasonic obstetric conjugate was < 10 cm, 10.1-12 cm, and >12 cm respectively. The rate of cesarean delivery was higher in patients with ultrasonic obstetric conjugate < 10 cm as compared to others and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Ultrasonic obstetric conjugate measurement is a simple, noninvasive and safe method of assessing the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic inlet. An ultrasonic obstetric conjugate of less than 10 cm should alert the obstetrician for a possibility of cesarean delivery.
{"title":"Correlation of mode of delivery with ultrasonic measurement of obstetric conjugate.","authors":"Sadia Lanker, Syed Faisal Andrabi, A. Imran","doi":"10.52547/rabms.7.2.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.7.2.71","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : To use ultrasonography to assess obstetric conjugate in pregnant women at term, and to study its relationship with mode of delivery and birth weight. Materials & Methods : Hundred women at term, in early labor or admitted for induction of labor, entered the study. Longitudinal ultrasonic scanning by transabdominal 3.5 MHz curvilinear probe was performed for measurement of obstetric conjugate from a site most adjacent to pubic symphysis to the sacral promontory. Based on this obstetric conjugate measurement, women were divided into three groups namely those with obstetric conjugate < 10 cm, 10.1-12 cm, and > 12 cm. Mode of delivery and birth weight was noted. Mode of delivery and birth weight were correlated with ultrasonic obstetric conjugate. Ordinary least square method and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of the women was 26.68 years. The mean obstetric conjugate of the women under study was 11.32 cm and the mean birth weight of newborns was 3.145 kg. The relation between birth weight of newborns of patients and ultrasound obstetric conjugate was a linear co-relation with p value < 0.001. The cesarean delivery rate was 58.3%, 5%, and 14% when ultrasonic obstetric conjugate was < 10 cm, 10.1-12 cm, and >12 cm respectively. The rate of cesarean delivery was higher in patients with ultrasonic obstetric conjugate < 10 cm as compared to others and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Ultrasonic obstetric conjugate measurement is a simple, noninvasive and safe method of assessing the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic inlet. An ultrasonic obstetric conjugate of less than 10 cm should alert the obstetrician for a possibility of cesarean delivery.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85566734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mohammadian, Sadegh Feizollah zadeh, Javad Rasuli, M. Rasouli, Mohammad Alizadeh
Background & Aims : Ramadan fasting has numerous health benefits. Nevertheless, its beneficial role on liver function was evaluated by limited studies and different findings were recorded. So, this study aimed to define the effect of Ramadan Fasting on liver enzyme levels in Iranian healthy individuals. Materials & Methods : Seventy healthy adult men without history of liver diseases and current usage of any medication affecting the liver were involved in the present survey. Anthropometric parameters and liver function tests were measured before and after Ramadan. The biochemical parameters including liver enzymes Aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were evaluated before and after Ramadan by the standard enzymatic method. Results: A decrease was observed in mean level of all liver enzymes. Indeed, the significant mean decrease in the ALT values in the post-Ramadan analyses was observed in the pre-Ramadan (p < 0.01). The values of ALP and AST decreased at the end of the study in the post-Ramadan group versus pre-Ramadan, but mean of the changes did not reach a significant level. Conclusion: The changes in the concentrations of liver enzymes showed remarkable differences between groups. These data confirmed that Ramadan Fasting improved liver function in healthy adults and might be valuable in the management of liver function.
{"title":"The Effect of Ramadan Fast on Serum liver Enzyme Levels in Iranian Adults","authors":"M. Mohammadian, Sadegh Feizollah zadeh, Javad Rasuli, M. Rasouli, Mohammad Alizadeh","doi":"10.52547/rabms.7.2.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.7.2.104","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : Ramadan fasting has numerous health benefits. Nevertheless, its beneficial role on liver function was evaluated by limited studies and different findings were recorded. So, this study aimed to define the effect of Ramadan Fasting on liver enzyme levels in Iranian healthy individuals. Materials & Methods : Seventy healthy adult men without history of liver diseases and current usage of any medication affecting the liver were involved in the present survey. Anthropometric parameters and liver function tests were measured before and after Ramadan. The biochemical parameters including liver enzymes Aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were evaluated before and after Ramadan by the standard enzymatic method. Results: A decrease was observed in mean level of all liver enzymes. Indeed, the significant mean decrease in the ALT values in the post-Ramadan analyses was observed in the pre-Ramadan (p < 0.01). The values of ALP and AST decreased at the end of the study in the post-Ramadan group versus pre-Ramadan, but mean of the changes did not reach a significant level. Conclusion: The changes in the concentrations of liver enzymes showed remarkable differences between groups. These data confirmed that Ramadan Fasting improved liver function in healthy adults and might be valuable in the management of liver function.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90107673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Aims : This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on reducing depression and improving the quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Materials & Methods : This was a quasi-experimental study with the pre-test post-test control group design. The study population consisted of all people with MS who were registered in the MS Society of Sanandaj in 2017 (N = 40). Twenty patients who had higher depression scores and lower quality of life scores were selected by purposive sampling. The participants were randomly assigned to either experimental group or control group (n=10 per group). Patients allocated to the experimental group were treated individually for 10 sessions once a week for three months. Patients in the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were collected using the Beck depression inventory-II and the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS and multivariate analysis of covariance. Results : ACT had a significant effect on reducing depression and improving the quality of life in patients with MS (p <0.05). Conclusion : It could be concluded that ACT was effective in reducing depression and improving the quality of life in patients with MS.
背景与目的:本研究旨在探讨接受与承诺疗法(ACT)在多发性硬化症(MS)患者中减轻抑郁和改善生活质量的有效性。材料与方法:本研究为准实验研究，采用前测后测对照组设计。研究人群包括2017年在Sanandaj MS Society注册的所有MS患者(N = 40)。采用有目的抽样的方法，选取抑郁评分较高、生活质量评分较低的患者20例。参与者随机分为实验组和对照组(每组10人)。被分配到实验组的患者分别接受10次治疗，每周一次，持续3个月。对照组患者不接受任何干预。数据采用贝克抑郁量表ii和世界卫生组织生活质量问卷收集。采用SPSS统计软件和多变量协方差分析对数据进行分析。结果:ACT对减轻MS患者抑郁、改善MS患者生活质量有显著作用(p <0.05)。结论:ACT能有效减轻MS患者的抑郁情绪，改善患者的生活质量。
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Reducing the Depression and Improving the Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"Elham Nozad, O. Moradi","doi":"10.52547/rabms.7.2.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.7.2.86","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on reducing depression and improving the quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Materials & Methods : This was a quasi-experimental study with the pre-test post-test control group design. The study population consisted of all people with MS who were registered in the MS Society of Sanandaj in 2017 (N = 40). Twenty patients who had higher depression scores and lower quality of life scores were selected by purposive sampling. The participants were randomly assigned to either experimental group or control group (n=10 per group). Patients allocated to the experimental group were treated individually for 10 sessions once a week for three months. Patients in the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were collected using the Beck depression inventory-II and the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS and multivariate analysis of covariance. Results : ACT had a significant effect on reducing depression and improving the quality of life in patients with MS (p <0.05). Conclusion : It could be concluded that ACT was effective in reducing depression and improving the quality of life in patients with MS.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82816352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-462937/V1
H. Samimagham, Mehdi Hassani Azad, Maryam Haddad, M. Arabi, D. Hooshyar, Mitra KazemiJahromi
IntroductionAs the first randomized clinical trial, this study evaluated the effect of Famotidine on the improvement of outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.MethodThis phase III randomized clinical trial was designed with two parallel arms, placebo-controlled, single-blind, and concealed allocation, and recruited 20 patients. Oral Famotidine 160 mg four times a day was given to patients until the discharge day or for a maximum of 14 days. Patients’ temperature, respiration rate, oxygen saturation, lung infiltration, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level and complete blood count (CBC) were measured at the baseline (before the intervention) and on day 14 after the intervention or on discharge day. Length of stay in the hospital and length of stay in the ICU were also measured as secondary outcomes of the study.ResultsThe results showed a significant decrease in LDH (P = 0.01), mean WBC (P = 0.04) and length of stay (P = 0.04) of patients with COVID-19 in the group treated with Famotidine compared to the control group. There was also a significant increase in oxygen saturation (P = 0.01) in the group treated with Famotidine compared to the control group. Cough improvement was also higher in the oral Famotidine group compared to the control group (P = 0.02).ConclusionThis was the first clinical trial on the effect of Famotidine on the improvement of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, which indicated that high-dose Famotidine improves patients’ clinical signs and reduces the severity of the disease and duration of hospitalization.
{"title":"The Efficacy of Famotidine in improvement of outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A phase III randomised clinical trial","authors":"H. Samimagham, Mehdi Hassani Azad, Maryam Haddad, M. Arabi, D. Hooshyar, Mitra KazemiJahromi","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-462937/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-462937/V1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 IntroductionAs the first randomized clinical trial, this study evaluated the effect of Famotidine on the improvement of outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.MethodThis phase III randomized clinical trial was designed with two parallel arms, placebo-controlled, single-blind, and concealed allocation, and recruited 20 patients. Oral Famotidine 160 mg four times a day was given to patients until the discharge day or for a maximum of 14 days. Patients’ temperature, respiration rate, oxygen saturation, lung infiltration, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level and complete blood count (CBC) were measured at the baseline (before the intervention) and on day 14 after the intervention or on discharge day. Length of stay in the hospital and length of stay in the ICU were also measured as secondary outcomes of the study.ResultsThe results showed a significant decrease in LDH (P = 0.01), mean WBC (P = 0.04) and length of stay (P = 0.04) of patients with COVID-19 in the group treated with Famotidine compared to the control group. There was also a significant increase in oxygen saturation (P = 0.01) in the group treated with Famotidine compared to the control group. Cough improvement was also higher in the oral Famotidine group compared to the control group (P = 0.02).ConclusionThis was the first clinical trial on the effect of Famotidine on the improvement of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, which indicated that high-dose Famotidine improves patients’ clinical signs and reduces the severity of the disease and duration of hospitalization.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86992176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghollam-Reza Moshtaghi-Kashanian, Navid Moshtaghi-Kashanian, Mohammad Hassan nejad, Nima Moshtaghi-Kashanian, Hanieh Niroomand Oscuii
Background & Aims : The COVID-19 pandemic forced healthcare workers to use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) or at least wear gowns, gloves, and face masks during their working shifts. Previous research reports some problems such as headaches and itching due to the new working conditions. The present study was conducted to determine the possible physiological changes related to wearing face masks, in the current ongoing situation, among healthy hospital workers. Materials & Methods: A questionnaire was administered to hospital personnel requesting them to measure their oxygen saturation level (SpO 2 ) and heart beats per minute (BPM) before and after their shifts. They used a pulse oximeter available in their hospital. Eighty-two hospital workers completed their forms, reporting their pre- and post-SpO 2 and BPM measurements. Results : Statistically, the comparison of data (before and after shifts) indicated a significant decrease in SpO 2 (98.68±1.56 versus 97.57±1.76, p<0.01) and an associated significant increase in BPM (82.86±7.21 versus 93.14±5.00, p<0.001). Also, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the mentioned responses for those who used N-95 masks (10 persons) and those who used surgical masks (72 persons). Conclusion : Although these changes were all in the reference range for healthy subjects, these fluctuations in the long term can cause physiological and psychological stress among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Reduction of Oxygen Saturation and Increase of Heart Rate in Hospital Workers Wearing Face Mask during Routine Shift","authors":"Ghollam-Reza Moshtaghi-Kashanian, Navid Moshtaghi-Kashanian, Mohammad Hassan nejad, Nima Moshtaghi-Kashanian, Hanieh Niroomand Oscuii","doi":"10.52547/rabms.7.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.7.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : The COVID-19 pandemic forced healthcare workers to use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) or at least wear gowns, gloves, and face masks during their working shifts. Previous research reports some problems such as headaches and itching due to the new working conditions. The present study was conducted to determine the possible physiological changes related to wearing face masks, in the current ongoing situation, among healthy hospital workers. Materials & Methods: A questionnaire was administered to hospital personnel requesting them to measure their oxygen saturation level (SpO 2 ) and heart beats per minute (BPM) before and after their shifts. They used a pulse oximeter available in their hospital. Eighty-two hospital workers completed their forms, reporting their pre- and post-SpO 2 and BPM measurements. Results : Statistically, the comparison of data (before and after shifts) indicated a significant decrease in SpO 2 (98.68±1.56 versus 97.57±1.76, p<0.01) and an associated significant increase in BPM (82.86±7.21 versus 93.14±5.00, p<0.001). Also, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the mentioned responses for those who used N-95 masks (10 persons) and those who used surgical masks (72 persons). Conclusion : Although these changes were all in the reference range for healthy subjects, these fluctuations in the long term can cause physiological and psychological stress among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88662211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Aims : Quality of life of infertile couples is affected by changes happening in their life. Knowledge about the quality of life, marital adjustment, and underlying factors of infertile couples is an important part of social health information. Such information can be used for developing health promotion programs by family counselors. The aim of this study was to predict the quality of life of infertile couples based on marital adjustment, factors related to infertility, and background characteristics. Materials & Methods : In this descriptive-analytic study, 131 women and 79 men referred to an infertility center in East Azerbaijan were recruited using a convenience method. Data were collected using the infertile women’s quality of life and Spiner’s marital adjustment questionnaires. Regression analysis was used for data analysis via the SPSS16. Results : The mean age of the female and male participants were 35.74 ± 6.11 years and 32.45 ± 5.72 years, respectively. Of variables with a p-value less than 0.1 that entered the regression analysis, marital adjustment, gender, and insurance accounted for 78% of the observed variance in the quality of life of the infertile couples. Conclusions : It was revealed that the variables of this study had important impacts on the infertile couples’ quality of life. Therefore, holding consultation programs and conducting more studies are necessary for improving the couples’ quality of life and promoting sexual and marital adjustment in infertile couples. Removing underlying problems by interventional studies are suggested to modify couples’ quality of life.
{"title":"Quality of Life of Infertile Couples in relation to Marital Adjustment, Factors related to Infertility, and Demographic Characteristics","authors":"S. Eghtedar, F. Aparnak, E. Asghari","doi":"10.52547/rabms.7.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.7.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : Quality of life of infertile couples is affected by changes happening in their life. Knowledge about the quality of life, marital adjustment, and underlying factors of infertile couples is an important part of social health information. Such information can be used for developing health promotion programs by family counselors. The aim of this study was to predict the quality of life of infertile couples based on marital adjustment, factors related to infertility, and background characteristics. Materials & Methods : In this descriptive-analytic study, 131 women and 79 men referred to an infertility center in East Azerbaijan were recruited using a convenience method. Data were collected using the infertile women’s quality of life and Spiner’s marital adjustment questionnaires. Regression analysis was used for data analysis via the SPSS16. Results : The mean age of the female and male participants were 35.74 ± 6.11 years and 32.45 ± 5.72 years, respectively. Of variables with a p-value less than 0.1 that entered the regression analysis, marital adjustment, gender, and insurance accounted for 78% of the observed variance in the quality of life of the infertile couples. Conclusions : It was revealed that the variables of this study had important impacts on the infertile couples’ quality of life. Therefore, holding consultation programs and conducting more studies are necessary for improving the couples’ quality of life and promoting sexual and marital adjustment in infertile couples. Removing underlying problems by interventional studies are suggested to modify couples’ quality of life.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77440978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Aims : The main goal of vaccination in a campaign is to strengthen the immunity of people. The study aims to assess the vaccination coverage rate of the campaign, the efficiency of social mobilization, and parental awareness. Materials & Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in Msallata city from 8 Jan to 16 Mar 2018. Data collection was associated with children who belonged to the targeted age group. The source of data was from parents being met randomly in different public areas. The vaccines given in the campaign were bOPV for children below 6 years of age and MMR for children within the age range of 3-5 years. The questions to know the parental response and effectiveness of social mobilization. Results : 1194 children were scanned for receiving bOPV vaccine, and 637 for receiving MMR vaccine through the campaign. The coverage rate of bOPV was 92.5%, while MMR was 93%. The main reasons for unvaccinated healthy children (89 unvaccinated children) were unsatisfied parents to SIAs (36%), busy in jobs (37%), and no idea about the campaign (27%), while 11 of the unvaccinated children were sick. Parents who heard late after launching the campaign were 63%. Campaign information to parents was from TV (30%), health officers (16%), Facebook (16%), and SMS (13%) (P-value <0.05). Parents' satisfaction with the campaign was very high (95%). Conclusion : The study demonstrated that the campaign was close to achieving the target coverage rate (95%). Accurate preparation and appropriate microplanning with trained staff will contribute to vaccination.
{"title":"Estimate Coverage Rate and Efficiency of Social Mobilization for Nationwide bOPV and MR Vaccination Campaign in Libya, 2017","authors":"S. Alkoshi","doi":"10.52547/rabms.7.1.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.7.1.39","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : The main goal of vaccination in a campaign is to strengthen the immunity of people. The study aims to assess the vaccination coverage rate of the campaign, the efficiency of social mobilization, and parental awareness. Materials & Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in Msallata city from 8 Jan to 16 Mar 2018. Data collection was associated with children who belonged to the targeted age group. The source of data was from parents being met randomly in different public areas. The vaccines given in the campaign were bOPV for children below 6 years of age and MMR for children within the age range of 3-5 years. The questions to know the parental response and effectiveness of social mobilization. Results : 1194 children were scanned for receiving bOPV vaccine, and 637 for receiving MMR vaccine through the campaign. The coverage rate of bOPV was 92.5%, while MMR was 93%. The main reasons for unvaccinated healthy children (89 unvaccinated children) were unsatisfied parents to SIAs (36%), busy in jobs (37%), and no idea about the campaign (27%), while 11 of the unvaccinated children were sick. Parents who heard late after launching the campaign were 63%. Campaign information to parents was from TV (30%), health officers (16%), Facebook (16%), and SMS (13%) (P-value <0.05). Parents' satisfaction with the campaign was very high (95%). Conclusion : The study demonstrated that the campaign was close to achieving the target coverage rate (95%). Accurate preparation and appropriate microplanning with trained staff will contribute to vaccination.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87710891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Bordbar-Bonab, Soltanali Mahbob, Morteza Vahed-Jabari, H. Dolatkhah
Background & Aims : In recent years, the emergence of multidrug resistance in gastric cancer has been a major challenge in treatment of gastric cancer. To deal with the problem, studies and researches were conducted on Sclareol and have turned up the anti-cancer effect of the compound and have also determined the molecular mechanism of it to some extent. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the substance extracted from Salvia Officinalis called Sclareol on MDR-1 gene expression and consequently on the rate of P-glycoprotein in human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45. Materials and Methods : Cell line MKN-45 was purchased from the Pasteur Institute of Iran and cultured in complete RPMI 1640 Medium with Fetal Bovine Serum, with 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μM concentrations of Sclareol treatment for 5 hours. The rate of expression of MDR-1 gene was assessed by Real Time-PCR method and that of P-GP was assessed by Western blotting method. Results : The expression of MDR-1 gene was significantly reduced at doses of 20, 40 and 60 μmol of Sclareol, while at doses of 80 and 100 μmol there was not seen much effect (p <0.0001). Also, P-glycoprotein showed a very high decrease at doses of 40 and 60 μmol of Sclareol, but no decrease was seen at doses of 80 and 100 μmol (p <0.0001). Conclusion : From the results of this study, it seems that doses between 20 and 60 μmol of Sclareol can be useful in reducing drug resistance, but doses above 60 mmol do not have such an effect.
{"title":"The effect of Sclareol on the expression of MDR-1 gene and Glycoprotein-P Level in MKN-45 human gastric cancer cells","authors":"S. Bordbar-Bonab, Soltanali Mahbob, Morteza Vahed-Jabari, H. Dolatkhah","doi":"10.52547/rabms.7.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.7.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : In recent years, the emergence of multidrug resistance in gastric cancer has been a major challenge in treatment of gastric cancer. To deal with the problem, studies and researches were conducted on Sclareol and have turned up the anti-cancer effect of the compound and have also determined the molecular mechanism of it to some extent. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the substance extracted from Salvia Officinalis called Sclareol on MDR-1 gene expression and consequently on the rate of P-glycoprotein in human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45. Materials and Methods : Cell line MKN-45 was purchased from the Pasteur Institute of Iran and cultured in complete RPMI 1640 Medium with Fetal Bovine Serum, with 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μM concentrations of Sclareol treatment for 5 hours. The rate of expression of MDR-1 gene was assessed by Real Time-PCR method and that of P-GP was assessed by Western blotting method. Results : The expression of MDR-1 gene was significantly reduced at doses of 20, 40 and 60 μmol of Sclareol, while at doses of 80 and 100 μmol there was not seen much effect (p <0.0001). Also, P-glycoprotein showed a very high decrease at doses of 40 and 60 μmol of Sclareol, but no decrease was seen at doses of 80 and 100 μmol (p <0.0001). Conclusion : From the results of this study, it seems that doses between 20 and 60 μmol of Sclareol can be useful in reducing drug resistance, but doses above 60 mmol do not have such an effect.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"193 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80978876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nazeem I Siddiqui, A. Soni, Vijay B. S. Gaur, P. Akhani, Mohammmad Shoeb
Background & Aims : ABO blood group antigens are well known genetic risk factors for various diseases. These antigens were reported as a non-modifiable risk factor for the development of hypertension independent of conventional modifiable risk factors. These findings were based on populations with pre-existing hypertension; however, such a relationship was rarely evaluated in normal healthy subjects. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 400 healthy adolescents (203 males and 197 females) aged 17 to 25 years. The slide agglutination method was used for the determination of ABO blood typing. A standardized mercury sphygmomanometer was used for recording BP. Pulse Pressure (PP) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) were also calculated. JNC-8 guidelines were used for calculation of the prevalence of elevated BP across ABO groups. ANOVA test was used to compare BP values in ABO blood groups. Chi-square correlation was used to assess frequency distribution of ABO blood groups among hypertensive and normal subjects. Results : Blood group B was most prevalent (35.2%) in our study. The highest average values of SBP DBP, PP, and MAP were recorded in blood group AB. The observed differences in the mean values of BP indices across ABO blood groups were statistically insignificant. Maximum subjects with elevated blood pressure were found in blood group A (n=12;10.81%) but no significant association was observed between ABO blood groups and elevated blood pressure. Conclusion : Tendencies for developing elevated BP levels have no significant association with ABO blood groups in young healthy subjects of any gender.
{"title":"ABO Blood Type does not Influence Blood Pressure Levels in Healthy Indian Adolescents","authors":"Nazeem I Siddiqui, A. Soni, Vijay B. S. Gaur, P. Akhani, Mohammmad Shoeb","doi":"10.52547/rabms.7.1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.7.1.46","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : ABO blood group antigens are well known genetic risk factors for various diseases. These antigens were reported as a non-modifiable risk factor for the development of hypertension independent of conventional modifiable risk factors. These findings were based on populations with pre-existing hypertension; however, such a relationship was rarely evaluated in normal healthy subjects. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 400 healthy adolescents (203 males and 197 females) aged 17 to 25 years. The slide agglutination method was used for the determination of ABO blood typing. A standardized mercury sphygmomanometer was used for recording BP. Pulse Pressure (PP) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) were also calculated. JNC-8 guidelines were used for calculation of the prevalence of elevated BP across ABO groups. ANOVA test was used to compare BP values in ABO blood groups. Chi-square correlation was used to assess frequency distribution of ABO blood groups among hypertensive and normal subjects. Results : Blood group B was most prevalent (35.2%) in our study. The highest average values of SBP DBP, PP, and MAP were recorded in blood group AB. The observed differences in the mean values of BP indices across ABO blood groups were statistically insignificant. Maximum subjects with elevated blood pressure were found in blood group A (n=12;10.81%) but no significant association was observed between ABO blood groups and elevated blood pressure. Conclusion : Tendencies for developing elevated BP levels have no significant association with ABO blood groups in young healthy subjects of any gender.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80836510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Aims : Throughout recent years, the study of unconscious visual processes has increased. Sufficient reductions of the stimulus presentation time are ways to achieve conditions of unawareness. Tachistoscopic experiments are used for this purpose. The recognition of affective word in tachistoscopic is due to the activation of the unconscious state. The main question in the present study was whether affective visual stimuli recognition during a computerized presentation could be influenced by unconscious interference. Materials & Methods : The samples of 20 to 30 years were presented with affective and non-affective visual stimuli on the computer for one millisecond only. Results: Results showed a significant difference between the recognition of affective and non-affective visual stimuli. Also, the spiritual and religious stimuli in comparison to other stimuli were significant as affective visual stimuli. Therefore the effectiveness of visual stimuli was an important variable. The results indicated a significant difference between males and females for recognizing non-affective visual stimuli. Conclusion : It seems that inhibition in the subjects to recognize the affective visual stimuli could be due to inhibition in the retrieval processing in-memory system. According to results, males were better than females on the recall of prose passage details after listening to a single spoken presentation. This could also be related to the fact that males process faster and at a more superficial level than females.
{"title":"A Neuropsychological Study on Unconscious Information Processing when Receiving Affective and Non-Affective Visual Stimuli","authors":"S. Sheikhi, U. Ram, L. Derafshpour","doi":"10.52547/rabms.7.1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.7.1.53","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : Throughout recent years, the study of unconscious visual processes has increased. Sufficient reductions of the stimulus presentation time are ways to achieve conditions of unawareness. Tachistoscopic experiments are used for this purpose. The recognition of affective word in tachistoscopic is due to the activation of the unconscious state. The main question in the present study was whether affective visual stimuli recognition during a computerized presentation could be influenced by unconscious interference. Materials & Methods : The samples of 20 to 30 years were presented with affective and non-affective visual stimuli on the computer for one millisecond only. Results: Results showed a significant difference between the recognition of affective and non-affective visual stimuli. Also, the spiritual and religious stimuli in comparison to other stimuli were significant as affective visual stimuli. Therefore the effectiveness of visual stimuli was an important variable. The results indicated a significant difference between males and females for recognizing non-affective visual stimuli. Conclusion : It seems that inhibition in the subjects to recognize the affective visual stimuli could be due to inhibition in the retrieval processing in-memory system. According to results, males were better than females on the recall of prose passage details after listening to a single spoken presentation. This could also be related to the fact that males process faster and at a more superficial level than females.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78965955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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