Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/JSRS.2019.34279
Rana Abd El Wahab, A. M. El Shershabe, M. R. E. E. Din, A. Taha
The aim of this study was to remove Ra-226 from the contaminated soil samples which collected from one of oil company located at western desert of Egypt. Five soil samples (S-1, S-2, S-3,S-4,S-5) were collected from the bottom of evaporation pond from different positions of dry evaporation pond inside the oil company. The activity concentration of Ra-226 measured by using the Hyper Pure Germanium detector (HPGe) connected to MCA . Electrodeposition technique was used to produce in situ metallic coatings by the action of an electric current on a conductive material immersed in a solution containing a salt of the metal to be deposited. Chemical agents added to the solution to increase the efficiency of contaminant removal nitric acid HNO3 was added to improve the solubility of Ra-226. Three different electrods made from stainless steel, aluminum and cupper poles were used in this study. The data obtained showed that the highest removal percentage of the Ra-226 found to be 73% when the aluminum pole was used. Therefore, from the obtained data, it is clear that the electrodeposition technique using aluminum poles for removal of Ra-226 can be used for remediation or treatment contaminated soil produced from oil industry.
{"title":"Using of Electrodeposition Technique to remove Ra-226 from Contaminated soil","authors":"Rana Abd El Wahab, A. M. El Shershabe, M. R. E. E. Din, A. Taha","doi":"10.21608/JSRS.2019.34279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JSRS.2019.34279","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to remove Ra-226 from the contaminated soil samples which collected from one of oil company located at western desert of Egypt. Five soil samples (S-1, S-2, S-3,S-4,S-5) were collected from the bottom of evaporation pond from different positions of dry evaporation pond inside the oil company. The activity concentration of Ra-226 measured by using the Hyper Pure Germanium detector (HPGe) connected to MCA . Electrodeposition technique was used to produce in situ metallic coatings by the action of an electric current on a conductive material immersed in a solution containing a salt of the metal to be deposited. Chemical agents added to the solution to increase the efficiency of contaminant removal nitric acid HNO3 was added to improve the solubility of Ra-226. Three different electrods made from stainless steel, aluminum and cupper poles were used in this study. The data obtained showed that the highest removal percentage of the Ra-226 found to be 73% when the aluminum pole was used. Therefore, from the obtained data, it is clear that the electrodeposition technique using aluminum poles for removal of Ra-226 can be used for remediation or treatment contaminated soil produced from oil industry.","PeriodicalId":16981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Science","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78075056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/jsrs.2019.57633
Hanahem Alfetory Musbah, Wafaa Sobhi Abouelkhair, Shymaa Abd Elkader Yousef, E. E. Moustafa, A. Hasan
In the present study, four species of marine algae were collected during different seasons for one year (September 2013 to August 2014). The collected species belonged to Chlorophyta (Ulva lactuca), Phaeophyta (Sargassum denticulatum, Hormophysa triquetra) and Rhodophyta (Hypnea cornuta) in addition to one blue- green alga from freshwater (Spirulina platensis) was obtained from stock at Hydrobiology Lab, Qanater, Khayria, Qalubia, Egypt. Crude algal extracts were prepared by using different solvents (methanol, ethanol and chloroform) in addition to hot water and cold water extracts. The crude algal extracts were examined for their antifungal efficacy against oral Candida species (Candida albicans, C.tropicalis, C.krusei and C.glabrata) using agar well diffusion method. Results revealed that methanol was the best solvent suited for extraction of bioactive compounds from the tested algae. Chlorophyta (ulva lactuca) exhibited the highest antifungal effect followed by Phaeophyta, Rhodophyta and blue green algae. MIC of the most potent algal (ulva lactuca) methanol extract was 62.5 mg/ml and MFC was 125mg/ml for the same alga with all the tested oral Candida species. (comparison was made between MFC value of Ulva lactuca methanol extract with the anti chlorhexidine (0.1mg/ml)(which is a common antimicrobial agents in commercialized oral rinses). by using (PIDG) .The results shown that the Ulva lactuca methanol extract better than PIDG of chlorhexidine.
{"title":"Screening of Antifungal Activities of Five Algal Crude Extracts","authors":"Hanahem Alfetory Musbah, Wafaa Sobhi Abouelkhair, Shymaa Abd Elkader Yousef, E. E. Moustafa, A. Hasan","doi":"10.21608/jsrs.2019.57633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jsrs.2019.57633","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, four species of marine algae were collected during different seasons for one year (September 2013 to August 2014). The collected species belonged to Chlorophyta (Ulva lactuca), Phaeophyta (Sargassum denticulatum, Hormophysa triquetra) and Rhodophyta (Hypnea cornuta) in addition to one blue- green alga from freshwater (Spirulina platensis) was obtained from stock at Hydrobiology Lab, Qanater, Khayria, Qalubia, Egypt. Crude algal extracts were prepared by using different solvents (methanol, ethanol and chloroform) in addition to hot water and cold water extracts. The crude algal extracts were examined for their antifungal efficacy against oral Candida species (Candida albicans, C.tropicalis, C.krusei and C.glabrata) using agar well diffusion method. Results revealed that methanol was the best solvent suited for extraction of bioactive compounds from the tested algae. Chlorophyta (ulva lactuca) exhibited the highest antifungal effect followed by Phaeophyta, Rhodophyta and blue green algae. MIC of the most potent algal (ulva lactuca) methanol extract was 62.5 mg/ml and MFC was 125mg/ml for the same alga with all the tested oral Candida species. (comparison was made between MFC value of Ulva lactuca methanol extract with the anti chlorhexidine (0.1mg/ml)(which is a common antimicrobial agents in commercialized oral rinses). by using (PIDG) .The results shown that the Ulva lactuca methanol extract better than PIDG of chlorhexidine.","PeriodicalId":16981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79825863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/jsrs.2019.77051
A. E. Ahmed, M. El-Dessouky, A. Fahmi, F. Elrefaey, Yasser H. Elnahass
The major genetic causes in male infertility are chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosomal microdeletions (YCMs). YCMs occur in approximately 15% of azoospermic patients and 10% of severe oligospermic patients. These microdeletions lead to spermatogenic failure. This study aims to report the incidence of Azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletions in Egyptian infertile males with severe oligoospermia & non obstructive azoospermia (NOA) using multiplex PCR. One hundred-fifty infertile males were included. Semen analysis, hormonal assay, karyotyping, testicular sperm extraction and testicular biopsy were performed.Y chromosome microdeletions were detected by using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among 150 infertile males; Considering Y chromosome; in severe oligospermic infertile males 3/36 (8.3%) had Y chromosome microdeletions in AZF subregions where; 1/3(33.3%) showed deletions in AZF-c and 2/3(66.7%) showed deletions in both AZF-b+c. However; no deletions were detected in AZF-a region in this group. In NOA group, 21/114(18.4%) had Y chromsome microdeletions in AZF subregions where; 1/21 (4.8%) showed deletions in AZF-b region, 2/21 (9.5%) showed deletion in both of AZF-a+b+c regions, 8/21 (38%) showed deletions in AZF-c region only and 10/21 (47.6%) showed deletions in both AZF-b+c regions. Conclusion: The frequency of Y chromosome microdeletions in our studied patients was similar to many ethnic reports. Detection of AZF microdeletions is necessary for proper genetic diagnosis in infertile males. AZFc can help informed decisions regarding positive testicular sperm extraction outcome.
{"title":"Detection of Y-Chromosome microdeletions in Egyptian infertile males","authors":"A. E. Ahmed, M. El-Dessouky, A. Fahmi, F. Elrefaey, Yasser H. Elnahass","doi":"10.21608/jsrs.2019.77051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jsrs.2019.77051","url":null,"abstract":"The major genetic causes in male infertility are chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosomal microdeletions (YCMs). YCMs occur in approximately 15% of azoospermic patients and 10% of severe oligospermic patients. These microdeletions lead to spermatogenic failure. \u0000This study aims to report the incidence of Azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletions in Egyptian infertile males with severe oligoospermia & non obstructive azoospermia (NOA) using multiplex PCR. \u0000One hundred-fifty infertile males were included. Semen analysis, hormonal assay, karyotyping, testicular sperm extraction and testicular biopsy were performed.Y chromosome microdeletions were detected by using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). \u0000Among 150 infertile males; Considering Y chromosome; in severe oligospermic infertile males 3/36 (8.3%) had Y chromosome microdeletions in AZF subregions where; 1/3(33.3%) showed deletions in AZF-c and 2/3(66.7%) showed deletions in both AZF-b+c. However; no deletions were detected in AZF-a region in this group. In NOA group, 21/114(18.4%) had Y chromsome microdeletions in AZF subregions where; 1/21 (4.8%) showed deletions in AZF-b region, 2/21 (9.5%) showed deletion in both of AZF-a+b+c regions, 8/21 (38%) showed deletions in AZF-c region only and 10/21 (47.6%) showed deletions in both AZF-b+c regions. \u0000Conclusion: The frequency of Y chromosome microdeletions in our studied patients was similar to many ethnic reports. Detection of AZF microdeletions is necessary for proper genetic diagnosis in infertile males. AZFc can help informed decisions regarding positive testicular sperm extraction outcome.","PeriodicalId":16981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Science","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80692544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/JSRS.2019.30998
Noha Mohamed Kamal, S. Abdelsalam, N. Harpy, M. A. Hewedy, I. E. Elaassy
The search of novel strains continues to be of great importance in research around the world for pharmaceutical, industrial, agricultural and biomining applications. The present study aims to investigating the microbial diversity of rock samples collected from Um Bogma formation, southwestern Sinai, Egypt which was chosen for its unique location, geological and physicochemical properties. The studied samples showed small microbial diversity and low microbial count. A total of ten isolates of actinobacteria and ten isolates of fungi were isolated and characterized phenotypically. The results indicated that all the isolated actinobacteria belong to the genus Streptomyces. They were all halotolerant with some showing antimicrobial activities when tested against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. On the other hand, all the studied fungal isolates belong to the genus Aspergillus. They showed resistance to the antifungal nystatin when a concentration of 50 µg per ml was used. The studied locations is characterized by their harsh conditions which does not support the growth of most microorganisms which includes a temperature ranging from below 0°C at night to above 46°C throughout the day, low water content and organic matter hosting radioactive and heavy elements. Rock-dwelling microbial communities that survived such conditions open further research investigations on studying phylogenetic relationships between them as well as their possible microbial activities that can be of environmental and industrial importance.
{"title":"Phenotypic Characterization of some Actinobacteria and Fungi Isolated From Exposed rock surfaces in Southwestern Sinai, Egypt","authors":"Noha Mohamed Kamal, S. Abdelsalam, N. Harpy, M. A. Hewedy, I. E. Elaassy","doi":"10.21608/JSRS.2019.30998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JSRS.2019.30998","url":null,"abstract":"The search of novel strains continues to be of great importance in research around the world for pharmaceutical, industrial, agricultural and biomining applications. The present study aims to investigating the microbial diversity of rock samples collected from Um Bogma formation, southwestern Sinai, Egypt which was chosen for its unique location, geological and physicochemical properties. The studied samples showed small microbial diversity and low microbial count. A total of ten isolates of actinobacteria and ten isolates of fungi were isolated and characterized phenotypically. The results indicated that all the isolated actinobacteria belong to the genus Streptomyces. They were all halotolerant with some showing antimicrobial activities when tested against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. On the other hand, all the studied fungal isolates belong to the genus Aspergillus. They showed resistance to the antifungal nystatin when a concentration of 50 µg per ml was used. The studied locations is characterized by their harsh conditions which does not support the growth of most microorganisms which includes a temperature ranging from below 0°C at night to above 46°C throughout the day, low water content and organic matter hosting radioactive and heavy elements. Rock-dwelling microbial communities that survived such conditions open further research investigations on studying phylogenetic relationships between them as well as their possible microbial activities that can be of environmental and industrial importance.","PeriodicalId":16981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85295793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/jsrs.2019.57632
Reham S. Mohamed, Fatma H. El. Sweify, Mohamed Ali, W. Hegazy
Recently the incidence rate of renal stone disease is increased in Egypt. In addition to industrial and environmental effects in this increase, trace elements may also have a role in the formation of such stones, inspit of their significance in biological lithogenesis. In this study instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) technique is applied for elemental analysis of some renal stones, collected from patient living in different provinces in Egypt. The samples are collected from male, female and children. The patients are of varied ages. The analyses are carried out under various conditions of irradiation and cooling time. Major, minor and trace elements were determine. Standard material is used for accuracy and quality control measurements. The analyzed elements were: As, Br, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hf, In, Mg, Mn, Na, Se, Sr, Tb, V and Zn under the experimental conditions Some of these elements are biologicaly essential and others are dangerous or toxic.
{"title":"Instrumental Neutron Activation for Analysis of some Human Renal stone samples","authors":"Reham S. Mohamed, Fatma H. El. Sweify, Mohamed Ali, W. Hegazy","doi":"10.21608/jsrs.2019.57632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jsrs.2019.57632","url":null,"abstract":"Recently the incidence rate of renal stone disease is increased in Egypt. In addition to industrial and environmental effects in this increase, trace elements may also have a role in the formation of such stones, inspit of their significance in biological lithogenesis. In this study instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) technique is applied for elemental analysis of some renal stones, collected from patient living in different provinces in Egypt. The samples are collected from male, female and children. The patients are of varied ages. The analyses are carried out under various conditions of irradiation and cooling time. Major, minor and trace elements were determine. Standard material is used for accuracy and quality control measurements. \u0000The analyzed elements were: \u0000As, Br, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hf, In, Mg, Mn, Na, Se, Sr, Tb, V and Zn under the experimental conditions \u0000Some of these elements are biologicaly essential and others are dangerous or toxic.","PeriodicalId":16981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89558618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/JSRS.2019.34277
Karima Yahia Gad, Tahany Kholief, H. Barakat, Shimaa El masry
Peptic ulcer is considered to be one of the most common diseases especially in old age persons due to, the prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).The present study was done to evaluate the protective and improvement effects of oral administration of each of pumpkin pulp and seed aqueous and ethanolic extracts on gastrointestinal ulcer lesions induced by oral administration of indomethacin in rats. The results showed that indomethacin induced ulceration and inflammations in stomach and small intestine in rats revealed by a significant elevation in xanthine oxidase (XO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities. Moreover, a significant increase in neutrophils infiltration and lipid peroxidation were evidenced by significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) with decrease in catalase (CAT) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) level. However, treatments with pumpkin pulp and / or seed extracts caused a significant decrease in the values of gastric volume, free and total acidity in all groups of rats after administration of pumpkin pulp and / or seeds oil extracts and a significant protective and improvement effects on gastrointestinal status was observed compared to indomethacin pathogenic group.
{"title":"Evaluation of Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Pulp and Seeds Extracts on Gastrointestinal Ulcers Induced by Indomethacin in Rats","authors":"Karima Yahia Gad, Tahany Kholief, H. Barakat, Shimaa El masry","doi":"10.21608/JSRS.2019.34277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JSRS.2019.34277","url":null,"abstract":"Peptic ulcer is considered to be one of the most common diseases especially in old age persons due to, the prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).The present study was done to evaluate the protective and improvement effects of oral administration of each of pumpkin pulp and seed aqueous and ethanolic extracts on gastrointestinal ulcer lesions induced by oral administration of indomethacin in rats. The results showed that indomethacin induced ulceration and inflammations in stomach and small intestine in rats revealed by a significant elevation in xanthine oxidase (XO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities. Moreover, a significant increase in neutrophils infiltration and lipid peroxidation were evidenced by significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) with decrease in catalase (CAT) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) level. However, treatments with pumpkin pulp and / or seed extracts caused a significant decrease in the values of gastric volume, free and total acidity in all groups of rats after administration of pumpkin pulp and / or seeds oil extracts and a significant protective and improvement effects on gastrointestinal status was observed compared to indomethacin pathogenic group.","PeriodicalId":16981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75335729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/jsrs.2019.57634
M. Shalaby, N. Yousif, H. Zayed, H. Hashem, L. Wahab
Nano-structured Bi2Te3, Polyaniline (PANI) and PANI/ Bi2Te3 were synthesized by Solvothermal method. The crystallite size, Strain, inter-chain separation and unit cell volume were calculated from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results by using Win fit and Unit cell software. The Gamma irradiation (γ-rays) with dose 50 KGy affects the peaks positions for the PANI samples whereas; it affects the intensity of Bi2Te3 samples. Thermal conductivity measurements were investigated from the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) with respect to Indium (In) melting temperature curve. 50 KGy dose does not show a remarkable change in the PANI and PANI/ Bi2Te3 values on contrast the value of Bi2Te3 sample was reduced.
{"title":"The effect of Radiation on Thermal conductivity of Nano-Structured PANI/Bi2Te3 Composites.","authors":"M. Shalaby, N. Yousif, H. Zayed, H. Hashem, L. Wahab","doi":"10.21608/jsrs.2019.57634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jsrs.2019.57634","url":null,"abstract":"Nano-structured Bi2Te3, Polyaniline (PANI) and PANI/ Bi2Te3 were synthesized by Solvothermal method. The crystallite size, Strain, inter-chain separation and unit cell volume were calculated from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results by using Win fit and Unit cell software. The Gamma irradiation (γ-rays) with dose 50 KGy affects the peaks positions for the PANI samples whereas; it affects the intensity of Bi2Te3 samples. Thermal conductivity measurements were investigated from the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) with respect to Indium (In) melting temperature curve. 50 KGy dose does not show a remarkable change in the PANI and PANI/ Bi2Te3 values on contrast the value of Bi2Te3 sample was reduced.","PeriodicalId":16981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Science","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88991171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/JSRS.2019.31001
A. S. Mohamed, N. A. El-Shinnawy, S. A. El-mageid
The present work is a trial to compare effect of short and long term administrations of sucrose as a natural widely used sweetener, aspartame as a synthetic non-caloric sweetener and stevia as a novel natural non-caloric sweetener on rats' brain hippocampus. This was achieved using 64 male albino rats. Rats were divided into four groups. The first group served as control group receiving distilled water. The second group represented the sucrose group receiving 10% sucrose solution (weight /volume). The third group served as aspartame group receiving aspartame (75 mg/kg body weight /day).The fourth group represented the stevia group and received (40 mg/kg body weight/day).Animals received different experimental treatments by oral gavage and they were dissected after a short duration of 30 days and long experimental duration of 90 days. Histological investigation of hippocampal sections of hippocampus revealed neuronal degeneration with pyknotic nuclei, dilatation and congestion in blood vessels and spongiform changes in the neuropil after both sucrose and aspartame treatments. On the other hand, stevia treatment to rats showed near to normal pattern of the granular and the neuropil. Histochemical, stained sections of Bromophenol blue stain to hippocampal tissue recorded significant decrease in protein content in hippocampus in sucrose group and aspartame groups respectively after 90 days compared with stevia and control rats. Staining hippocampus tissue of rats treated with sucrose or aspartame with Congo red stain revealed cellular homogenous pink deposits of amyloid throughout the hippocampus tissue. This was decreased and observed as limited or few amyloid depositions in stevia group compared to controls. In conclusion, Stevia, a non-calorific sweetener, is a better alternative to the synthetic sweetener aspartame because stevia has the potential to assist individuals in regulating their weights without any recognized side effects on hippocampus tissue besides its health benefits as a natural antioxidant.
{"title":"Difference between natural and artificial sweeteners: Histopathological studies on male albino rat’s brain (hippocampus)","authors":"A. S. Mohamed, N. A. El-Shinnawy, S. A. El-mageid","doi":"10.21608/JSRS.2019.31001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JSRS.2019.31001","url":null,"abstract":"The present work is a trial to compare effect of short and long term administrations of sucrose as a natural widely used sweetener, aspartame as a synthetic non-caloric sweetener and stevia as a novel natural non-caloric sweetener on rats' brain hippocampus. This was achieved using 64 male albino rats. Rats were divided into four groups. The first group served as control group receiving distilled water. The second group represented the sucrose group receiving 10% sucrose solution (weight /volume). The third group served as aspartame group receiving aspartame (75 mg/kg body weight /day).The fourth group represented the stevia group and received (40 mg/kg body weight/day).Animals received different experimental treatments by oral gavage and they were dissected after a short duration of 30 days and long experimental duration of 90 days. Histological investigation of hippocampal sections of hippocampus revealed neuronal degeneration with pyknotic nuclei, dilatation and congestion in blood vessels and spongiform changes in the neuropil after both sucrose and aspartame treatments. On the other hand, stevia treatment to rats showed near to normal pattern of the granular and the neuropil. Histochemical, stained sections of Bromophenol blue stain to hippocampal tissue recorded significant decrease in protein content in hippocampus in sucrose group and aspartame groups respectively after 90 days compared with stevia and control rats. Staining hippocampus tissue of rats treated with sucrose or aspartame with Congo red stain revealed cellular homogenous pink deposits of amyloid throughout the hippocampus tissue. This was decreased and observed as limited or few amyloid depositions in stevia group compared to controls. In conclusion, Stevia, a non-calorific sweetener, is a better alternative to the synthetic sweetener aspartame because stevia has the potential to assist individuals in regulating their weights without any recognized side effects on hippocampus tissue besides its health benefits as a natural antioxidant.","PeriodicalId":16981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74167496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/JSRS.2019.30995
H. Zayed, N. Osman, M. Elokr, L. Soliman
The transparent glasses of composition 40P2O5-20ZnO-(40-x)Na2O-xLi2O have been prepared using conventional melt quenching technique (where 0 ≤ x ≤ 25 Li2O mol. %). The prepared glass samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), UV-VIS optical absorption and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The differential thermal analysis (DTA) studies showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) decreases from 558K to 546.7K as the content of Li2O increases to 25 mol.% Li2O . The density and oxygen packing density measurements are found to be increase while the molar volume decreases with increasing of Li2O content. The FTIR studies revealed that these glasses consist of Q3, Q2, Q1 and Q0 structural units. Absorbance of investigated glasses was measured and used to estimate their optical absorption coefficient and optical energy gap. The optical studies revealed that the indirect optical band gap (Eg) decreases from 3.33-2.64 eV and Urbach energy increases from 0.46-2.4eV with increase of Li2O content from zero to 25 mol.% Li2O.
{"title":"Structural and Optical properties of P2O5-ZnO-Na2O-Li2O glasses","authors":"H. Zayed, N. Osman, M. Elokr, L. Soliman","doi":"10.21608/JSRS.2019.30995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JSRS.2019.30995","url":null,"abstract":"The transparent glasses of composition 40P2O5-20ZnO-(40-x)Na2O-xLi2O have been prepared using conventional melt quenching technique (where 0 ≤ x ≤ 25 Li2O mol. %). The prepared glass samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), UV-VIS optical absorption and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The differential thermal analysis (DTA) studies showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) decreases from 558K to 546.7K as the content of Li2O increases to 25 mol.% Li2O . The density and oxygen packing density measurements are found to be increase while the molar volume decreases with increasing of Li2O content. The FTIR studies revealed that these glasses consist of Q3, Q2, Q1 and Q0 structural units. Absorbance of investigated glasses was measured and used to estimate their optical absorption coefficient and optical energy gap. The optical studies revealed that the indirect optical band gap (Eg) decreases from 3.33-2.64 eV and Urbach energy increases from 0.46-2.4eV with increase of Li2O content from zero to 25 mol.% Li2O.","PeriodicalId":16981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90886552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/JSRS.2019.31002
M. Esmail, O. Kh, E. A. Hamed, A. Kassab
Most conventional orthopedic implant used for joint and bone fractures consist of metallic biomaterials with polycrystalline microstructures that exhibit high hardness, good corrosion resistance, excellent fatigue and wear resistance. Alternatively, to avoid post extraction of the implant, intensive efforts are being made in recent years to develop new classes of so called “biodegradable implant composed of non-toxic materials that become reabsorbed by the human body after a reasonable period of time. We use Mg alloys since they have poor corrosion resistance in the body environment. i.e Mg-1%Zn alloy. Zinc improves the mechanical properties of the magnesium alloys and does not show any side effects on the human body. This investigation shows ways of improving corrosion resistance of this alloys by electrodeposition of hydroxyapatite (HA), hydroxyapatite with high concentration of phosphate (HAP), hydroxyapatite with high concentration of calcium (HACa) and hydroxyapatite with high concentration of both phosphate and calcium (HAPCa) as a bio-compatible coating. The coating improves the corrosion protection of Mg-1%Zn alloy. The corrosion protection follows the sequence HAPCa › HACa › HAP › HA.
{"title":"Characterization of hydroxyapatite coating on Mg-1%Zn alloy for implant application","authors":"M. Esmail, O. Kh, E. A. Hamed, A. Kassab","doi":"10.21608/JSRS.2019.31002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JSRS.2019.31002","url":null,"abstract":"Most conventional orthopedic implant used for joint and bone fractures consist of metallic biomaterials with polycrystalline microstructures that exhibit high hardness, good corrosion resistance, excellent fatigue and wear resistance. \u0000Alternatively, to avoid post extraction of the implant, intensive efforts are being made in recent years to develop new classes of so called “biodegradable implant composed of non-toxic materials that become reabsorbed by the human body after a reasonable period of time. \u0000We use Mg alloys since they have poor corrosion resistance in the body environment. i.e Mg-1%Zn alloy. Zinc improves the mechanical properties of the magnesium alloys and does not show any side effects on the human body. \u0000This investigation shows ways of improving corrosion resistance of this alloys by electrodeposition of hydroxyapatite (HA), hydroxyapatite with high concentration of phosphate (HAP), hydroxyapatite with high concentration of calcium (HACa) and hydroxyapatite with high concentration of both phosphate and calcium (HAPCa) as a bio-compatible coating. The coating improves the corrosion protection of Mg-1%Zn alloy. The corrosion protection follows the sequence HAPCa › HACa › HAP › HA.","PeriodicalId":16981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research in Science","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83615418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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