The aim of this paper is to introduce the new concept of a Bipolar Pythagorean refined set by combining the two notions called a Bipolar Pythagorean set and a Pythagorean refined set. Also, basic operations and algebraic properties of the Bipolar Pythagorean refined set are discussed with suitable examples.
{"title":"An Introduction to Bipolar Pythagorean Refined Sets","authors":"R.Janani, A.Francina Shalini","doi":"10.61356/j.nswa.2023.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61356/j.nswa.2023.16","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to introduce the new concept of a Bipolar Pythagorean refined set by combining the two notions called a Bipolar Pythagorean set and a Pythagorean refined set. Also, basic operations and algebraic properties of the Bipolar Pythagorean refined set are discussed with suitable examples.","PeriodicalId":169974,"journal":{"name":"Neutrosophic Systems with Applications","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122121854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Focus of the study was to provide error-free communication in mobile communication with higher data rates, spectral efficiency, and energy efficient. Basically, work was done to investigate the performance of the Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation technique for multiple combining schemes and the behavior of signal in wireless communication where multipath propagation and uncertainty in the system. We use the Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) and antenna diversity to get many copies of the same signal; some of them were faded but some had sufficient information. Then the next step was to combine or select the best signal to achieve the optimum results from them. Moreover, the Bit Error Rate (BER) of multiple combining schemes for 2*1 and 2*2 were found and the results of each combining scheme were compared. Later on, the comparison of these combining schemes was collectively represented; it is very important because getting the required data from the received copies of the same signal is not easy.
{"title":"BER Analysis of BPSK Modulation Scheme for Multiple Combining Schemes over Flat Fading Channel","authors":"Zuhaib Nishtar, Jamil Afzal","doi":"10.61356/j.nswa.2023.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61356/j.nswa.2023.30","url":null,"abstract":"Focus of the study was to provide error-free communication in mobile communication with higher data rates, spectral efficiency, and energy efficient. Basically, work was done to investigate the performance of the Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation technique for multiple combining schemes and the behavior of signal in wireless communication where multipath propagation and uncertainty in the system. We use the Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) and antenna diversity to get many copies of the same signal; some of them were faded but some had sufficient information. Then the next step was to combine or select the best signal to achieve the optimum results from them. Moreover, the Bit Error Rate (BER) of multiple combining schemes for 2*1 and 2*2 were found and the results of each combining scheme were compared. Later on, the comparison of these combining schemes was collectively represented; it is very important because getting the required data from the received copies of the same signal is not easy.","PeriodicalId":169974,"journal":{"name":"Neutrosophic Systems with Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133900812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this present research, having view in the Neutrosophic norm (u, v, w), which we presented I2-lacunary statistical convergence and I2-lacunary convergence strongly, looked into interactions between them, and made a few findings regarding the respective categories. At least went further to look at how both of such case approaches relate to I2-statistical convergence within the relevant Neutrosophic normed space.
{"title":"Generalized Double Statistical Convergence Sequences on Ideals in Neutrosophic Normed Spaces","authors":"Jeyaraman. M, Iswariya. S, Pandiselvi. R","doi":"10.61356/j.nswa.2023.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61356/j.nswa.2023.40","url":null,"abstract":"In this present research, having view in the Neutrosophic norm (u, v, w), which we presented I2-lacunary statistical convergence and I2-lacunary convergence strongly, looked into interactions between them, and made a few findings regarding the respective categories. At least went further to look at how both of such case approaches relate to I2-statistical convergence within the relevant Neutrosophic normed space.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":169974,"journal":{"name":"Neutrosophic Systems with Applications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134006264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main aim of this paper is to introduce a new concept of Neu-mapping namely Neugsa*-open maps and Neugsa* -closed maps in Neu-topological spaces. Additionally, we relate the properties and characterizations of these mappings with the other mappings in Neu-topological spaces.
{"title":"Neutrosophic gsα* - Open and Closed Maps in Neutrosophic Topological Spaces","authors":"P.Anbarasi Rodrigo, S.Maheswari","doi":"10.61356/j.nswa.2023.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61356/j.nswa.2023.39","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this paper is to introduce a new concept of Neu-mapping namely Neugsa*-open maps and Neugsa* -closed maps in Neu-topological spaces. Additionally, we relate the properties and characterizations of these mappings with the other mappings in Neu-topological spaces.","PeriodicalId":169974,"journal":{"name":"Neutrosophic Systems with Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129401681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephens and Larson (1967) stated the sampling system as allotted grouping of two or three sampling plans and the rules for switching between the plans for sentencing the lots of manufactured products. Quick Switching System (QSS) by Romboski (1969) is a sampling system with reference to Single Sampling Plan (SSP) involves Normal and Tightened plans by adopting a switching rule. QSS provides quality protection and reduction in cost of inspection. The idea of Fuzzy Logic is adopted in system to handle the situations of fraction non-confirming or uncertainty or vagueness present in the parameters. The sampling plans based on Fuzzy Set Theory in literature is used for defuzzification of fuzzy numbers to the interval sets, able to solve problem with certain values for upper and lower limit of intervals. As one of expansion of Fuzzy Sets in this era, a new philosophy is stimulated as a substantial new theoretical development is Neutrosophy Sets (NSs) and used for rise in sensitiveness that makes flexibility in the plans and systems that can be applied in the manufacturing industries. This paper enhances the determination of QSS using Neutrosophic Poisson distribution and compared with the existing Fuzzy Poisson distribution through Operating Characteristic (OC) curves.
{"title":"An Investigative Study on Quick Switching System using Fuzzy and Neutrosophic Poisson Distribution","authors":"Uma G, Nandhitha S","doi":"10.61356/j.nswa.2023.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61356/j.nswa.2023.28","url":null,"abstract":"Stephens and Larson (1967) stated the sampling system as allotted grouping of two or three sampling plans and the rules for switching between the plans for sentencing the lots of manufactured products. Quick Switching System (QSS) by Romboski (1969) is a sampling system with reference to Single Sampling Plan (SSP) involves Normal and Tightened plans by adopting a switching rule. QSS provides quality protection and reduction in cost of inspection. The idea of Fuzzy Logic is adopted in system to handle the situations of fraction non-confirming or uncertainty or vagueness present in the parameters. The sampling plans based on Fuzzy Set Theory in literature is used for defuzzification of fuzzy numbers to the interval sets, able to solve problem with certain values for upper and lower limit of intervals. As one of expansion of Fuzzy Sets in this era, a new philosophy is stimulated as a substantial new theoretical development is Neutrosophy Sets (NSs) and used for rise in sensitiveness that makes flexibility in the plans and systems that can be applied in the manufacturing industries. This paper enhances the determination of QSS using Neutrosophic Poisson distribution and compared with the existing Fuzzy Poisson distribution through Operating Characteristic (OC) curves.","PeriodicalId":169974,"journal":{"name":"Neutrosophic Systems with Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130600425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Raksha Ben, G. Hari Siva Annam, G.Helen Rajapushpam
In this article, we have introduced some new types of sets such as strongly dense, strongly nowhere dense, strongly first category sets , strongly nowhere residual sets and their attributes are explained briefly. Also by making use of these we have retrieved strongly Baire space and its properties are to be described.
{"title":"A Perspective Note on μ_N σ Baire’s Space","authors":"N. Raksha Ben, G. Hari Siva Annam, G.Helen Rajapushpam","doi":"10.61356/j.nswa.2023.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61356/j.nswa.2023.29","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we have introduced some new types of sets such as strongly dense, strongly nowhere dense, strongly first category sets , strongly nowhere residual sets and their attributes are explained briefly. Also by making use of these we have retrieved strongly Baire space and its properties are to be described.","PeriodicalId":169974,"journal":{"name":"Neutrosophic Systems with Applications","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115461354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neutrosophic Dombi fuzzy graph is an advancement of the Dombi fuzzy graph and intuitionistic Dombi fuzzy graph. In this paper, we have initiated a new concept of the Fermatean neutrosophic Dombi fuzzy graph. Further, we identified a few products of the direct, cartesian, composition of Fermatean neutrosophic Dombi fuzzy graphs. Also, we examined the related proposition with suitable illustrations with graphs.
{"title":"A Newfangled Interpretation on Fermatean Neutrosophic Dombi Fuzzy Graphs","authors":"D. Sasikala, B. Divya","doi":"10.61356/j.nswa.2023.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61356/j.nswa.2023.21","url":null,"abstract":"Neutrosophic Dombi fuzzy graph is an advancement of the Dombi fuzzy graph and intuitionistic Dombi fuzzy graph. In this paper, we have initiated a new concept of the Fermatean neutrosophic Dombi fuzzy graph. Further, we identified a few products of the direct, cartesian, composition of Fermatean neutrosophic Dombi fuzzy graphs. Also, we examined the related proposition with suitable illustrations with graphs.","PeriodicalId":169974,"journal":{"name":"Neutrosophic Systems with Applications","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121027907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a novel approach to landslide susceptibility assessment in the Qena Governorate, Egypt, integrating the neutrosophic Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method, the Potentially All Pairwise RanKings of all possible Alternatives (PAPRIKA), and the ArcGIS weighted overlay technique. The research focuses on the quantification and prioritization of eight criteria: slope, aspect, proximity to road, soil type, proximity to river, land cover, elevation, and Lithology. These factors are evaluated under the uncertainty and indeterminacy of the neutrosophic environment by employing the PAPRIKA method. The results of the analysis are visualized and interpreted using ArcGIS weighted overlay, offering spatially explicit insights into the landslide-prone areas. This study's outcomes could significantly contribute to the overall understanding of landslide hazards in Qena, promoting better hazard management and mitigation strategies. The results of the study demonstrated varying levels of landslide susceptibility within the study area: 2% of the area was identified as having Very High Susceptibility, 17% presented High Susceptibility, 28% had Moderate Susceptibility, 44% indicated Low Susceptibility, 8% showed Very Low Susceptibility, and 1% with Practically No Susceptibility. These findings can aid local authorities and policy-makers in prioritizing areas for mitigation efforts based on their susceptibility to landslides. The study also incorporates a sensitivity analysis, exploring ten different scenarios to ensure the robustness and reliability of the results. In the first scenario, we adhere to our initial criteria weights to represent the current situation. In the second scenario, all criteria are accorded equal significance to check the model's steadfastness when no one criterion outweighs another. Scenarios three to ten each elevate the weightage of one criterion, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of each individual criterion’s influence on the decision-making process. This systematic alteration helps pinpoint the salient features driving landslides and aids in fortifying our mitigation strategies.
{"title":"Mitigating Landslide Hazards in Qena Governorate of Egypt: A GIS-based Neutrosophic PAPRIKA Approach","authors":"Nabil M. AbdelAziz, Safa Al-Saeed","doi":"10.61356/j.nswa.2023.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61356/j.nswa.2023.37","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel approach to landslide susceptibility assessment in the Qena Governorate, Egypt, integrating the neutrosophic Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method, the Potentially All Pairwise RanKings of all possible Alternatives (PAPRIKA), and the ArcGIS weighted overlay technique. The research focuses on the quantification and prioritization of eight criteria: slope, aspect, proximity to road, soil type, proximity to river, land cover, elevation, and Lithology. These factors are evaluated under the uncertainty and indeterminacy of the neutrosophic environment by employing the PAPRIKA method. The results of the analysis are visualized and interpreted using ArcGIS weighted overlay, offering spatially explicit insights into the landslide-prone areas. This study's outcomes could significantly contribute to the overall understanding of landslide hazards in Qena, promoting better hazard management and mitigation strategies. The results of the study demonstrated varying levels of landslide susceptibility within the study area: 2% of the area was identified as having Very High Susceptibility, 17% presented High Susceptibility, 28% had Moderate Susceptibility, 44% indicated Low Susceptibility, 8% showed Very Low Susceptibility, and 1% with Practically No Susceptibility. These findings can aid local authorities and policy-makers in prioritizing areas for mitigation efforts based on their susceptibility to landslides. The study also incorporates a sensitivity analysis, exploring ten different scenarios to ensure the robustness and reliability of the results. In the first scenario, we adhere to our initial criteria weights to represent the current situation. In the second scenario, all criteria are accorded equal significance to check the model's steadfastness when no one criterion outweighs another. Scenarios three to ten each elevate the weightage of one criterion, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of each individual criterion’s influence on the decision-making process. This systematic alteration helps pinpoint the salient features driving landslides and aids in fortifying our mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":169974,"journal":{"name":"Neutrosophic Systems with Applications","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123796891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayman H. Abdel-aziem, Hoda K. Mohamed, A. Abdelhafeez
Investment portfolio selection is a difficult subject due to the presence of competing factors. Choosing a portfolio for one's investments is a major choice that may have far-reaching effects on one's financial well-being. Risk tolerance, time horizon, investing objectives, asset allocation, and investment selection are only a few of the factors that will be studied in this article. The Stable Preference Ordering Towards Ideal Solution (SPOTIS) technique is the basis for our proposed integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model. This paper used the single-valued neutrosophic set as a framework to deal with uncertain data. The purpose of the suggested SPOTIS–Neutrosophic model is to choose the most promising investment possibilities by considering several financial variables. Because of the wide variety of investment opportunities and the many elements (political unpredictability, news, economic circumstances, etc.) that may affect the market, investors often worry about selecting and optimizing their investment portfolios.
{"title":"Neutrosophic Decision Making Model for Investment Portfolios Selection and Optimizing based on Wide Variety of Investment Opportunities and Many Criteria in Market","authors":"Ayman H. Abdel-aziem, Hoda K. Mohamed, A. Abdelhafeez","doi":"10.61356/j.nswa.2023.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61356/j.nswa.2023.36","url":null,"abstract":"Investment portfolio selection is a difficult subject due to the presence of competing factors. Choosing a portfolio for one's investments is a major choice that may have far-reaching effects on one's financial well-being. Risk tolerance, time horizon, investing objectives, asset allocation, and investment selection are only a few of the factors that will be studied in this article. The Stable Preference Ordering Towards Ideal Solution (SPOTIS) technique is the basis for our proposed integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model. This paper used the single-valued neutrosophic set as a framework to deal with uncertain data. The purpose of the suggested SPOTIS–Neutrosophic model is to choose the most promising investment possibilities by considering several financial variables. Because of the wide variety of investment opportunities and the many elements (political unpredictability, news, economic circumstances, etc.) that may affect the market, investors often worry about selecting and optimizing their investment portfolios.","PeriodicalId":169974,"journal":{"name":"Neutrosophic Systems with Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133062946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Operations research science is defined as the science that is concerned with applying scientific methods to complex problems in managing and directing large systems of people, including resources and tools in various fields, private and governmental work, peace and war, politics, administration, economics, planning and implementation in various domains. It uses scientific methods that take the language of mathematics as a basis for it and uses computer, without which it would not have been possible to achieve numerical solutions to the raised problems, those that need correct solutions, when the solutions abound and the options are multiple, so we need a decision based on correct scientific foundations and takes into account all the circumstances and changes that you can encounter the decision-maker during the course of work, and nothing is left to chance or luck, but rather everything that enters into the account and plays its role in decision-making, and we get that when we use the concepts of neutrosophic science to reformulate what the science of operations research presented in terms of methods and methods to solve many practical problems, so we will present in this research a study aimed at shedding light on the most important methods used to solve nonlinear models, which is the Lagrangian multiplier method for nonlinear models constrained by equality and then reformulated using the concepts of neutrosophic science.
{"title":"Lagrange Multipliers and Neutrosophic Nonlinear Programming Problems Constrained by Equality Constraints","authors":"Maissam Jdid, F. Smarandache","doi":"10.61356/j.nswa.2023.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61356/j.nswa.2023.35","url":null,"abstract":"Operations research science is defined as the science that is concerned with applying scientific methods to complex problems in managing and directing large systems of people, including resources and tools in various fields, private and governmental work, peace and war, politics, administration, economics, planning and implementation in various domains. It uses scientific methods that take the language of mathematics as a basis for it and uses computer, without which it would not have been possible to achieve numerical solutions to the raised problems, those that need correct solutions, when the solutions abound and the options are multiple, so we need a decision based on correct scientific foundations and takes into account all the circumstances and changes that you can encounter the decision-maker during the course of work, and nothing is left to chance or luck, but rather everything that enters into the account and plays its role in decision-making, and we get that when we use the concepts of neutrosophic science to reformulate what the science of operations research presented in terms of methods and methods to solve many practical problems, so we will present in this research a study aimed at shedding light on the most important methods used to solve nonlinear models, which is the Lagrangian multiplier method for nonlinear models constrained by equality and then reformulated using the concepts of neutrosophic science.","PeriodicalId":169974,"journal":{"name":"Neutrosophic Systems with Applications","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117190669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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