Pub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3a).01
Tan Manh Do, Anh Ngoc Do, Hung Trong Vo
Seismic loading has always been a major concern for any engineering structures, and thereby, underground facilities (e.g., tunnels) are not exceptional. It is due to the seismically induced uplift and instability of tunnels caused by the large deformation of liquefiable soils. Therefore, the tunnel uplift behaviors subjected to seismic loading are always taken into account in any designing stages of tunnels. This study's main goal was to evaluate how a tunnel buried in liquefiable and non-liquefiable soils would behave when subjected to seismic stress. Seismic and liquefaction potential assessments of the soils surrounding the tunnel were carried out using the finite-element method. In this study, PM4sand, an advanced constitutive model was adopted in all finite-element models. In addition, the uplift displacement and excess pore pressure of liquefiable soils were studied, under a typical earthquake. Investigations were also conducted into how the thickness of the non-liquefiable soil affected seismic loading, tunnel uplift displacement, and the buildup of excess pore water pressure. As a result, during the earthquake, liquefaction was triggered in most parts of the sand layer but not in the clay layer. In addition, the tunnel uplift displacement was triggered due to the relative motion and interaction at both sides of the tunnel. In addition, this study found that the thickness of the non-liquefiable soil layer (sand layer) had a significant impact on the build-up of excess pore water pressure and, consequently, the tunnel uplift displacement. The uplift displacement and excess pore water pressure build-up were higher the thinner the non-liquefiable layer was.
{"title":"Numerical analysis of the tunnel uplift behavior subjected to seismic loading","authors":"Tan Manh Do, Anh Ngoc Do, Hung Trong Vo","doi":"10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3a).01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3a).01","url":null,"abstract":"Seismic loading has always been a major concern for any engineering structures, and thereby, underground facilities (e.g., tunnels) are not exceptional. It is due to the seismically induced uplift and instability of tunnels caused by the large deformation of liquefiable soils. Therefore, the tunnel uplift behaviors subjected to seismic loading are always taken into account in any designing stages of tunnels. This study's main goal was to evaluate how a tunnel buried in liquefiable and non-liquefiable soils would behave when subjected to seismic stress. Seismic and liquefaction potential assessments of the soils surrounding the tunnel were carried out using the finite-element method. In this study, PM4sand, an advanced constitutive model was adopted in all finite-element models. In addition, the uplift displacement and excess pore pressure of liquefiable soils were studied, under a typical earthquake. Investigations were also conducted into how the thickness of the non-liquefiable soil affected seismic loading, tunnel uplift displacement, and the buildup of excess pore water pressure. As a result, during the earthquake, liquefaction was triggered in most parts of the sand layer but not in the clay layer. In addition, the tunnel uplift displacement was triggered due to the relative motion and interaction at both sides of the tunnel. In addition, this study found that the thickness of the non-liquefiable soil layer (sand layer) had a significant impact on the build-up of excess pore water pressure and, consequently, the tunnel uplift displacement. The uplift displacement and excess pore water pressure build-up were higher the thinner the non-liquefiable layer was.","PeriodicalId":170167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127065084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3a).07
T. Nguyen, Pascal Chalivat, Alexis Liance, Jonathan Chazelle
The main tunnels of Line 16 Lot1 of the Grand Paris Express project are underway since 2019 using tunnel boring machines (TBM). They are drilled entirely in permeable strata (fine/silty sands, marls, and limestones) at a depth of 20÷30 m below the groundwater level. Groundwater inflow with high pressure is a major issue at the arrival/departure sections of the TBMs as well as during the excavation work of connection galleries between the main tunnels and maintenance or security shafts. Line 16 Lot1 is located under dense urban areas with the requirement of minimizing the drawdown of the groundwater and water inflow in civil engineering works; the purpose is to avoid excessive settlements on existing facilities and dissolution reactivation process of gypsum-rich strata. In order to minimize these risks, different types of ground improvement technics (jet grouting and cement mixture injection) have been applied, where jet grouting is used in fine sandy soil and cement mixture injection used in fissured marly-limestone. In addition, both technics of improvement have been associated on the same site. From a geotechnical point of view, the sands of Beauchamp are classified as coarse-grained soils (60% SM and 40% ML in the Unified soil Classification System ) and Marly-limestone of Saint-Ouen and deep Marls as fissured soft to medium-hard calcareous rock. This paper presents the geotechnical conditions, the ground improvement methodology and quality control during construction. The control sequence is performed by vertical and then horizontal drilling holes. The method of control work after excavation (horizontal control) allows to confirm the quality of the treatment blocks and specifically the bonding between the treatment block and the diaphragm wall.
{"title":"Ground improvement by jet grouting and injection to control hydraulic conditions in the frame of Grand Paris Express Project, North-East section: methodology and quality control sequence","authors":"T. Nguyen, Pascal Chalivat, Alexis Liance, Jonathan Chazelle","doi":"10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3a).07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3a).07","url":null,"abstract":"The main tunnels of Line 16 Lot1 of the Grand Paris Express project are underway since 2019 using tunnel boring machines (TBM). They are drilled entirely in permeable strata (fine/silty sands, marls, and limestones) at a depth of 20÷30 m below the groundwater level. Groundwater inflow with high pressure is a major issue at the arrival/departure sections of the TBMs as well as during the excavation work of connection galleries between the main tunnels and maintenance or security shafts. \u0000Line 16 Lot1 is located under dense urban areas with the requirement of minimizing the drawdown of the groundwater and water inflow in civil engineering works; the purpose is to avoid excessive settlements on existing facilities and dissolution reactivation process of gypsum-rich strata. In order to minimize these risks, different types of ground improvement technics (jet grouting and cement mixture injection) have been applied, where jet grouting is used in fine sandy soil and cement mixture injection used in fissured marly-limestone. In addition, both technics of improvement have been associated on the same site. \u0000From a geotechnical point of view, the sands of Beauchamp are classified as coarse-grained soils (60% SM and 40% ML in the Unified soil Classification System ) and Marly-limestone of Saint-Ouen and deep Marls as fissured soft to medium-hard calcareous rock. \u0000This paper presents the geotechnical conditions, the ground improvement methodology and quality control during construction. The control sequence is performed by vertical and then horizontal drilling holes. The method of control work after excavation (horizontal control) allows to confirm the quality of the treatment blocks and specifically the bonding between the treatment block and the diaphragm wall.","PeriodicalId":170167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128819539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3a).03
T. N. Do, Protosenya Anatoliy Grigorevich, C. Vo
Tunnelling in urban areas is growing in response to efficient transportation, many urban tunnels are constructed in soft ground at shallow depths. Urban tunnels are usually constructed as twin-parallel tunnels and their adjacent constructions may cause ground settlements that distort and damage the existing structures and utilities above the tunnel. In the past few decades, tunnel boring machines have been used to drill in increasingly difficult geotechnical conditions such as soft ground like soft clay. Metro Line 3 of the Hanoi metro system is designed of twin tunnels horizontally aligned in soft ground. The prediction of ground movements is an important part of the planning stage of any urban tunnelling project. This paper presents the results of numerical simulation by using ABAQUS finite element software to predict the vertical displacement at the surface caused by twin tunnelling of Hanoi pilot light metro line 03. According to numerical simulation results, the maximum vertical displacement at the surface caused by the left line tunnel and twin tunnels bore excavations is values of 12.8 and 21.3 mm, respectively. The maximum vertical displacement can be reached after the shield passes by a distance ranging from 30÷40 m. Twin tunnelling only affects the maximum vertical displacement at approximately 20÷30 m before excavation face tunnel. After the left line tunnel bore excavations, the magnitudes of the vertical displacement directly above the face tunnel (x = 0 m) is 7.9 mm coinciding with 61.7% of the maximum vertical displacement. After the twin tunnels bore excavations, The maximum vertical displacement directly above the face tunnel (x = 0 m) is 13.1 mm coinciding with 61.5% of the maximum vertical displacement.
{"title":"Prediction of ground surface settlement induced by twin tunnelling in urban areas","authors":"T. N. Do, Protosenya Anatoliy Grigorevich, C. Vo","doi":"10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3a).03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3a).03","url":null,"abstract":"Tunnelling in urban areas is growing in response to efficient transportation, many urban tunnels are constructed in soft ground at shallow depths. Urban tunnels are usually constructed as twin-parallel tunnels and their adjacent constructions may cause ground settlements that distort and damage the existing structures and utilities above the tunnel. In the past few decades, tunnel boring machines have been used to drill in increasingly difficult geotechnical conditions such as soft ground like soft clay. Metro Line 3 of the Hanoi metro system is designed of twin tunnels horizontally aligned in soft ground. The prediction of ground movements is an important part of the planning stage of any urban tunnelling project. This paper presents the results of numerical simulation by using ABAQUS finite element software to predict the vertical displacement at the surface caused by twin tunnelling of Hanoi pilot light metro line 03. According to numerical simulation results, the maximum vertical displacement at the surface caused by the left line tunnel and twin tunnels bore excavations is values of 12.8 and 21.3 mm, respectively. The maximum vertical displacement can be reached after the shield passes by a distance ranging from 30÷40 m. Twin tunnelling only affects the maximum vertical displacement at approximately 20÷30 m before excavation face tunnel. After the left line tunnel bore excavations, the magnitudes of the vertical displacement directly above the face tunnel (x = 0 m) is 7.9 mm coinciding with 61.7% of the maximum vertical displacement. After the twin tunnels bore excavations, The maximum vertical displacement directly above the face tunnel (x = 0 m) is 13.1 mm coinciding with 61.5% of the maximum vertical displacement.","PeriodicalId":170167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114976882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).08
Q. Bui, Hien Dinh Le ., Quan Anh Duong, Hiep Van Pham, C. Vo
The architectural heritages are symbols of culture, social, historical, and religion and the exciting points of every city or country, especially for tourism development. In the world, thousands of architectural heritages are preserved and protected. UNESCO and many international organizations work together with all governments and local people to keep the heritages. Their efforts are great, but sometimes, the heritages are damaged and destroyed by a natural disaster and human activities. In Vietnam, many architectural heritages are in danger. Therefore, preservation of these architectural heritages is essential with all efforts from the government and scientists. This paper presents the results of applying UAV and Terrestrial laser scanners to model the architectural heritage in 3D with high quality for the purpose of preserving and protecting these works. The study was done by modeling the Dieu Son Pagoda in Bac Ninh Province. The result shows that the model is very detailed and precise enough to retain the building's main architectural characteristics.
{"title":"Application Point cloud data of Terrestrial Laser Scan (TLS) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in establishing a 3D model (case study at Dieu Son Pagoda, Bac Ninh province)","authors":"Q. Bui, Hien Dinh Le ., Quan Anh Duong, Hiep Van Pham, C. Vo","doi":"10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).08","url":null,"abstract":"The architectural heritages are symbols of culture, social, historical, and religion and the exciting points of every city or country, especially for tourism development. In the world, thousands of architectural heritages are preserved and protected. UNESCO and many international organizations work together with all governments and local people to keep the heritages. Their efforts are great, but sometimes, the heritages are damaged and destroyed by a natural disaster and human activities. In Vietnam, many architectural heritages are in danger. Therefore, preservation of these architectural heritages is essential with all efforts from the government and scientists. This paper presents the results of applying UAV and Terrestrial laser scanners to model the architectural heritage in 3D with high quality for the purpose of preserving and protecting these works. The study was done by modeling the Dieu Son Pagoda in Bac Ninh Province. The result shows that the model is very detailed and precise enough to retain the building's main architectural characteristics.","PeriodicalId":170167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130322099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).06
Thanh Chi Nguyen, Anh Ngoc Do, V. V. Pham, G. Alexandr
The area of the tunnel face after the blasting is a very important factor in underground excavations where the drilling and blasting method is used. The area of the tunnel face, this is a significant factor that has affected the cost and safety of underground constructions in case of using the drilling and blasting method in underground excavations. Because the area of the tunnel after the blasting depends on many different parameters, such as geological conditions in the area where the tunnel is located, the parameters of the explosion, and other parameters of the tunnel, it is very difficult to accurately determine the value of the tunnel face area after blasting. This paper uses the data obtained in the actual blasting of the Deo Ca tunnel (39 datasets) to build the computational and prediction models for the area of the tunnel face after blasting by two methods, the multiple linear regression analysis method and the method of using artificial neural network (ANN). Determination coefficient R2 of multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) method and ANN method were obtained at 0.9224, and 0.9449, respectively. The applicability of the multiple linear regression analysis method and ANN method in calculating and predicting tunnel face area after blasting were validated based on a comparison with the results of the tunnel face area after blasting in practice.
{"title":"Multiple linear regression analysis model and artificial\u0000neural network model to calculate and estimate the\u0000blast induced area of the tunnel face. A case study\u0000Deo Ca tunnel","authors":"Thanh Chi Nguyen, Anh Ngoc Do, V. V. Pham, G. Alexandr","doi":"10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).06","url":null,"abstract":"The area of the tunnel face after the blasting is a very important factor in underground excavations where the drilling and blasting method is used. The area of the tunnel face, this is a significant factor that has affected the cost and safety of underground constructions in case of using the drilling and blasting method in underground excavations. Because the area of the tunnel after the blasting depends on many different parameters, such as geological conditions in the area where the tunnel is located, the parameters of the explosion, and other parameters of the tunnel, it is very difficult to accurately determine the value of the tunnel face area after blasting. This paper uses the data obtained in the actual blasting of the Deo Ca tunnel (39 datasets) to build the computational and prediction models for the area of the tunnel face after blasting by two methods, the multiple linear regression analysis method and the method of using artificial neural network (ANN). Determination coefficient R2 of multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) method and ANN method were obtained at 0.9224, and 0.9449, respectively. The applicability of the multiple linear regression analysis method and ANN method in calculating and predicting tunnel face area after blasting were validated based on a comparison with the results of the tunnel face area after blasting in practice.","PeriodicalId":170167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114773578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).05
Quan Anh Tran, Ngoc Hong Thi Nguyen, Phi Quoc Nguyen, Anh Mai Nguyen
Cam Pha, the home of three major thermal power plants including Cam Pha, Mong Duong I and Mong Duong II, is one of the most important industrial cities in the North of Vietnam. Air pollution due to stacks emission is the biggest problem threatening Cam Pha City's sustainable development. In this study, the AERMOD modeling system was used to evaluate the impact of the stack emission by the thermal power plants on the ambient atmospheric environment. The maximum 1-HR, 24-HR, 99th percentile and annual average concentrations of TSP, SO2 and NO2 were simulated within the 40x40 km domain of 100x100 m grid spacing with the hourly meteorological data taken from 2018 to 2020. Air dispersion simulation is performed on the observed background gas concentration of the everyday environment. Hourly emission data of 10 primary stack sources of 3 factory groups were used as input data. The simulated spatial distribution of gases indicates the strong fluence of the mountainous topography on the dispersion of stack emission. Results also revealed that the maximum short-term stack emission at ground-level concentrations of SO2 and NO2 are much higher than the national standard, thus raising the risk of severe pollution. TSP pollution is less severe than SO2 and NO2 but still at a dangerous level. Since Cam Pha locates by the East Sea with the prevailing wind is heading northeast and east directions. The annual average concentrations of these pollutants indicate that the high terrain areas at the south and northwest of Cam Pha City, which block the flow of the stack emission, are the most affected regions by exhausted gases from industrial stacks.
{"title":"Simulation of thermal power plant source contribution to ambient air concentration in Cam Pha City, Quang Ninh province using AERMOD dispersion model","authors":"Quan Anh Tran, Ngoc Hong Thi Nguyen, Phi Quoc Nguyen, Anh Mai Nguyen","doi":"10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).05","url":null,"abstract":"Cam Pha, the home of three major thermal power plants including Cam Pha, Mong Duong I and Mong Duong II, is one of the most important industrial cities in the North of Vietnam. Air pollution due to stacks emission is the biggest problem threatening Cam Pha City's sustainable development. In this study, the AERMOD modeling system was used to evaluate the impact of the stack emission by the thermal power plants on the ambient atmospheric environment. The maximum 1-HR, 24-HR, 99th percentile and annual average concentrations of TSP, SO2 and NO2 were simulated within the 40x40 km domain of 100x100 m grid spacing with the hourly meteorological data taken from 2018 to 2020. Air dispersion simulation is performed on the observed background gas concentration of the everyday environment. Hourly emission data of 10 primary stack sources of 3 factory groups were used as input data. The simulated spatial distribution of gases indicates the strong fluence of the mountainous topography on the dispersion of stack emission. Results also revealed that the maximum short-term stack emission at ground-level concentrations of SO2 and NO2 are much higher than the national standard, thus raising the risk of severe pollution. TSP pollution is less severe than SO2 and NO2 but still at a dangerous level. Since Cam Pha locates by the East Sea with the prevailing wind is heading northeast and east directions. The annual average concentrations of these pollutants indicate that the high terrain areas at the south and northwest of Cam Pha City, which block the flow of the stack emission, are the most affected regions by exhausted gases from industrial stacks.","PeriodicalId":170167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133416502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).03
T. Tran, H. Pham, H. M. Nguyen
Climate change has been affecting the socio-economic life of Quang Ninh province in general, and the coal mining activities of many companies, including Ha Tu Coal Joint Stock Company in particular. By the methods of collection, synthesis, statistics, field survey, and public consultation, this study has evaluated the climate condition of the study region and the impact of climate change on the coal mines in the past. The environmental incident of landslides caused by heavy rain in 2015 has filled rivers and streams and destroyed infrastructure. According to the scenario of climate change for Quang Ninh province by 2100 (B2), the regional temperature will increase by 2.50C, and the rainfall will increase by 7.3% compared to the period 1980÷1999. The study predicted the potential impacts of climate change on mining operations in the future such as the increased risk of landslides, floods, geological hazards, the drawdown of groundwater levels, and subsidence of the ground surface at the mining site. By the forecast results, the larger the mining depth is, the higher the radius affected by the lowering of the groundwater level will become, which can be up to 2.4 km compared to the mining area. In addition, the increase in temperature will be one of the factors that cause difficulties for production activities, affect the health of workers, slow down the process of reclamation and restoration of the mine environment, and increase electricity and water costs, etc. The study also proposed several technical and management solutions to reduce the risk and respond to environmental incidents before the impact of climate change on the Ha Tu coal mine towards sustainable development.
{"title":"Assessing the impact of climate change on Ha Tu coal mine, Quang Ninh province","authors":"T. Tran, H. Pham, H. M. Nguyen","doi":"10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).03","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change has been affecting the socio-economic life of Quang Ninh province in general, and the coal mining activities of many companies, including Ha Tu Coal Joint Stock Company in particular. By the methods of collection, synthesis, statistics, field survey, and public consultation, this study has evaluated the climate condition of the study region and the impact of climate change on the coal mines in the past. The environmental incident of landslides caused by heavy rain in 2015 has filled rivers and streams and destroyed infrastructure. According to the scenario of climate change for Quang Ninh province by 2100 (B2), the regional temperature will increase by 2.50C, and the rainfall will increase by 7.3% compared to the period 1980÷1999. The study predicted the potential impacts of climate change on mining operations in the future such as the increased risk of landslides, floods, geological hazards, the drawdown of groundwater levels, and subsidence of the ground surface at the mining site. By the forecast results, the larger the mining depth is, the higher the radius affected by the lowering of the groundwater level will become, which can be up to 2.4 km compared to the mining area. In addition, the increase in temperature will be one of the factors that cause difficulties for production activities, affect the health of workers, slow down the process of reclamation and restoration of the mine environment, and increase electricity and water costs, etc. The study also proposed several technical and management solutions to reduce the risk and respond to environmental incidents before the impact of climate change on the Ha Tu coal mine towards sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":170167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130058612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).07
Dung Trung Pham, Anh Tuan Nhu Nguyen, Cuong Xuan Cao, Tinh Duc Le, C. Le, Cuong Sy Ngo
Recently, the direct georeferencing method has been increasingly used in Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). This method has the benefit of saving time, but the low accuracy is a great difficulty to use. This paper proposed a possible approach for direct georeferencing with high accuracy using the resection method. Thanks to new series of TLS combined with a total station called the total station scanner, the resection method can be applied to overcome the problem. However, the assessment of the resection method on the quality of the point cloud is lacking up to now. In this paper, the influence of components of error sources in the resection method on the total error of the point cloud is analyzed. In the experiment, a Topcon GTL-1000 total station scanner was employed. A ground control network and checkered targets were established by a Leica TS06 plus total station. The experimental results verify that the total error of point cloud entirely agrees with the theory about georeferencing using the resection method. In addition, the distance and incidence angle from the scanner to the measured object are the main factors that considerably influence the accuracy of the point cloud. The relationship between these factors and the accuracy of the point cloud is non-linear measured by a coefficient of determination (R2>0.7). Using the resection method, the coordinates of the scan station can obtain at a millimeter level in accuracy. As a result, the resection method is one of the most suitable methods that can be applied for georeferencing in TLS. The high accuracy and saving time for TLS data post-processing in the office are enormous benefits of this method.
{"title":"Resection method for direct georeferencing in Terrestrial Laser Scanner","authors":"Dung Trung Pham, Anh Tuan Nhu Nguyen, Cuong Xuan Cao, Tinh Duc Le, C. Le, Cuong Sy Ngo","doi":"10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).07","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the direct georeferencing method has been increasingly used in Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). This method has the benefit of saving time, but the low accuracy is a great difficulty to use. This paper proposed a possible approach for direct georeferencing with high accuracy using the resection method. Thanks to new series of TLS combined with a total station called the total station scanner, the resection method can be applied to overcome the problem. However, the assessment of the resection method on the quality of the point cloud is lacking up to now. In this paper, the influence of components of error sources in the resection method on the total error of the point cloud is analyzed. In the experiment, a Topcon GTL-1000 total station scanner was employed. A ground control network and checkered targets were established by a Leica TS06 plus total station. The experimental results verify that the total error of point cloud entirely agrees with the theory about georeferencing using the resection method. In addition, the distance and incidence angle from the scanner to the measured object are the main factors that considerably influence the accuracy of the point cloud. The relationship between these factors and the accuracy of the point cloud is non-linear measured by a coefficient of determination (R2>0.7). Using the resection method, the coordinates of the scan station can obtain at a millimeter level in accuracy. As a result, the resection method is one of the most suitable methods that can be applied for georeferencing in TLS. The high accuracy and saving time for TLS data post-processing in the office are enormous benefits of this method.","PeriodicalId":170167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128562969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).01
V. T. Dang, G. Nguyen, Minh Hong Thi Tran, Nhan Thi Tran, Quyen Xuan Pham
The green vegetable belt for Hanoi city extended in Thanh Tri, Gia Lam, Dong Anh and Me Linh districts, is providing daily thousands of tons of green vegetables for the city. Previously there were some studies on the distribution of heavy metals in the suburbs of Hanoi, including in the Dong Anh area, but the results were limited. Thus the study of material composition and heavy metal distribution in vegetable lands in the Van Noi - Tien Duong area (Dong Anh) (one of the critical vegetable growing areas in the suburbs of Hanoi) and Dai Thinh area (Me Linh) has been selected to contribute to the scientific basis for the production of safe vegetables for the study area. The authors used traditional research methods (Field trip investigation) and modern methods (X-Ray, ICP-EOS and AAS) to show that the soil developed in these areas is rich in quartz. The soil, therefore, has relatively good ventilation and drainage but still ensures the necessary moisture for plants, suitable for the cultivation of short-term vegetables. At the time of the study, vegetable cultivation land in Tien Duong - Dong Anh and Dai Thinh - Me Linh has generally not been polluted by most the heavy metals, excepting the signs of Pb, Cu pollution at a deficient level in some sites. In addition, vegetable cultivation land in Van Noi - Dong Anh has been polluted with typical heavy metals, such as arsenic (As) and lead (Pb). Measures are needed to minimize and progressively eliminate pollution to ensure safe vegetable production.
河内市的绿色蔬菜带延伸到青翠区、嘉林区、东安区和梅林区，每天为该市提供数千吨绿色蔬菜。以前有一些关于河内郊区，包括东安地区重金属分布的研究，但结果有限。因此，选择Van Noi - Tien Duong地区(Dong Anh)(河内郊区重要的蔬菜种植区之一)和Dai Thinh地区(Me Linh)的蔬菜地的物质组成和重金属分布进行研究，为研究地区生产安全蔬菜提供科学依据。利用传统研究方法(实地考察)和现代研究方法(x射线、ICP-EOS和原子吸收光谱)表明，这些地区发育的土壤富含石英。因此，土壤具有相对良好的通风和排水，但仍然保证了植物所需的水分，适合种植短期蔬菜。在研究期间，除了部分地点出现铅、铜污染不足的迹象外，天阳东安和大庆美林的蔬菜种植用地基本上没有受到大多数重金属的污染。此外，Van Noi - Dong Anh的蔬菜种植土地已被砷(as)和铅(Pb)等典型重金属污染。需要采取措施减少并逐步消除污染，以确保蔬菜安全生产。
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Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3).09
T. T. Doan, Quang-Van Tran
Climate change is a serious global challenge. Vietnam is one of the developing countries, heavily affected by the impact of climate change. At COP26, Vietnam made strong commitments with 150 countries around the world to commit to bringing net emissions to "zero" by the middle of the century. Together more than 100 countries have joined the Leaders' Glassow Declaration on Forests and Land Use; together with 48 countries participating in the Global Declaration on the transition of coal power to clean energy; together with 150 countries participating in the Alliance for Action 2 for Safe Adaptation, etc. Resolution No. 55-NQ/TW of the Politburo on orientations of Vietnam's national energy development strategy to 2030, with a vision to In 2045, the development of the energy industry in general and the electricity industry, in particular, was assessed as follows: “Investment in the construction of electricity supply infrastructure has a strong development, which is an important condition for ensuring supply security. electrical response. Bringing electricity from the national grid to almost every part of the country, including remote, border, and island areas. Vietnam is a nascent offshore wind market, with abundant wind resources and growth fundamentals, becoming the leading offshore wind market in Southeast Asia. Therefore, the development of supportive policies and breakthrough mechanisms to develop power source projects and a roadmap to build a power grid for power transmission offshore wind is identified as a strategic renewable energy source. In the long term, associated with the implementation of Vietnam's maritime strategy is a top priority. This paper presents the current situation of the offshore wind power industry and the application opportunities of fixed turbine foundation technology in the future in Vietnam.
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