Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843183
V. Voipio
The receiving antenna produces an approximate derivative from the signal. Thus one could think that a time domain integral of the received signal corresponds better to the reflected signal in the ground. This processing method is explored using a real field data example which was collected with the Gopher antenna designed by the author. Cross-correlation and deconvolution are applied after the integral as further processing in the example case.
{"title":"GPR trace integral as a postprocessing tool","authors":"V. Voipio","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843183","url":null,"abstract":"The receiving antenna produces an approximate derivative from the signal. Thus one could think that a time domain integral of the received signal corresponds better to the reflected signal in the ground. This processing method is explored using a real field data example which was collected with the Gopher antenna designed by the author. Cross-correlation and deconvolution are applied after the integral as further processing in the example case.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121068773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843170
D. Cist, R. Roberts, Kenneth Corcoran
Several technical innovations in asphalt pavement density mapping have been combined in a way that may significantly extend road life. Owners and contractors will now have the data necessary to accurately and immediately control their asphalt placement process. Field trial results show that more stable antenna performance, more accurate calibration methods and high-resolution mapping combine to give contractors the real-time information they have long needed to fix density problems that inevitably occur during placement. Being able to fix the problem immediately avoids the cost and future maintenance needed to rip up and replace deficient sections.
{"title":"Mapping Asphalt Density with GPR Arrays","authors":"D. Cist, R. Roberts, Kenneth Corcoran","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843170","url":null,"abstract":"Several technical innovations in asphalt pavement density mapping have been combined in a way that may significantly extend road life. Owners and contractors will now have the data necessary to accurately and immediately control their asphalt placement process. Field trial results show that more stable antenna performance, more accurate calibration methods and high-resolution mapping combine to give contractors the real-time information they have long needed to fix density problems that inevitably occur during placement. Being able to fix the problem immediately avoids the cost and future maintenance needed to rip up and replace deficient sections.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123330659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843174
L. Steinbeck, A. Mester, S. Heinen, E. Zimmermann, A. Klotzsche, S. van Waasen
Calibration of ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurement systems is indispensable to enable quantitative and high resolution data analysis especially for high resolution soil research as well as inversion approaches for a wide range of applications. This work presents a concept for an in situ calibration of GPR monitoring systems which enables to perform a calibration that is not solely based on signals traveling in air. A classical calibration via signals traveling in air is not feasible in our setup, since the system is permanently positioned around a test specimen, e.g. a soil column. The calibration concept is based on the ability to use each antenna as both transmitter or receiver and, thereby, perform reciprocal measurements. Initial test measurements indicate the reliability of reciprocal measurements for an in situ calibration of our monitoring system with relative accuracies of down to 2 ps.
{"title":"Calibration concept for a GPR monitoring system and methods for arrival time picking","authors":"L. Steinbeck, A. Mester, S. Heinen, E. Zimmermann, A. Klotzsche, S. van Waasen","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843174","url":null,"abstract":"Calibration of ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurement systems is indispensable to enable quantitative and high resolution data analysis especially for high resolution soil research as well as inversion approaches for a wide range of applications. This work presents a concept for an in situ calibration of GPR monitoring systems which enables to perform a calibration that is not solely based on signals traveling in air. A classical calibration via signals traveling in air is not feasible in our setup, since the system is permanently positioned around a test specimen, e.g. a soil column. The calibration concept is based on the ability to use each antenna as both transmitter or receiver and, thereby, perform reciprocal measurements. Initial test measurements indicate the reliability of reciprocal measurements for an in situ calibration of our monitoring system with relative accuracies of down to 2 ps.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123944703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843151
R. Jaufer, A. Ihamouten, D. Guilbert, Shreedar Todkar, Tarun Yaram, X. Dérobert
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a Non-destructive Testing (NDT) method used to investigate subsurface conditions of civil engineering structures and locate buried objects using wideband electromagnetic (EM) pulse. The adoption of GPR to locate utilities has increased due to its ability to detect both metallic and non-metallic pipes. Further, the technology facilitates localization of the buried pipes with the support of signal processing steps and GPS coordinates. In this process, the presence of a pipe yields hyperbolae signatures on the B-scan. Thus, identification and localization of such hyperbolae is a vital step in the GPR signal processing towards 3D localization. For smaller GPR data sets, the human interpretation is sufficient to identify hyperbolae. However, in large-scale utility survey, precise and fast hyperbolae detection is required to accelerate the processing time and minimize human resource and costs. From the literature, several studies have been conducted previously to develop automatic hyperbola detection models based on physical methods and machine learning techniques. The performance of the models varied depending on the signal preprocessing, annotation strategy and machine learning algorithms. The common drawback of these existing models were higher false positives as any hyperbola formed by multiple reflection or other effects were also detected as true positives. Therefore, considering all pending challenges and advancement of deep learning techniques, we have proposed Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) automatic hyperbola detection models using two annotation strategies. The model has been numerically validated using 2D gprMax based on FDTD model, followed by validation on field data.
{"title":"Deep learning based automatic hyperbola detection on GPR data for buried utility pipes mapping","authors":"R. Jaufer, A. Ihamouten, D. Guilbert, Shreedar Todkar, Tarun Yaram, X. Dérobert","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843151","url":null,"abstract":"Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a Non-destructive Testing (NDT) method used to investigate subsurface conditions of civil engineering structures and locate buried objects using wideband electromagnetic (EM) pulse. The adoption of GPR to locate utilities has increased due to its ability to detect both metallic and non-metallic pipes. Further, the technology facilitates localization of the buried pipes with the support of signal processing steps and GPS coordinates. In this process, the presence of a pipe yields hyperbolae signatures on the B-scan. Thus, identification and localization of such hyperbolae is a vital step in the GPR signal processing towards 3D localization. For smaller GPR data sets, the human interpretation is sufficient to identify hyperbolae. However, in large-scale utility survey, precise and fast hyperbolae detection is required to accelerate the processing time and minimize human resource and costs. From the literature, several studies have been conducted previously to develop automatic hyperbola detection models based on physical methods and machine learning techniques. The performance of the models varied depending on the signal preprocessing, annotation strategy and machine learning algorithms. The common drawback of these existing models were higher false positives as any hyperbola formed by multiple reflection or other effects were also detected as true positives. Therefore, considering all pending challenges and advancement of deep learning techniques, we have proposed Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) automatic hyperbola detection models using two annotation strategies. The model has been numerically validated using 2D gprMax based on FDTD model, followed by validation on field data.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121171857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843162
M. Manataki, A. Vafidis, Apostolos Sarris
In this study, AlexNet architecture is implemented and trained to classify C-scans featuring ancient structural patterns. The performance of two popular optimizers is examined and compared, namely the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with momentum and Adaptive Moments Estimate (Adam). The two optimizers were employed to train models using a GPR dataset from several archaeological sites. The results showed that even though SGD was more challenging to achieve learning, it eventually performed better than Adam when Batch Normalization, Dropout, and tuning the batch size and learning rate were performed. Furthermore, the generalization was tested using entirely independent data. SGD performed better, scoring 95% over 90% classification accuracy. The obtained results highlight how important the optimizer’s choice can be in the learning process and is worth investigating when training CNNs models with GPR data.
{"title":"Comparing Adam and SGD optimizers to train AlexNet for classifying GPR C-scans featuring ancient structures","authors":"M. Manataki, A. Vafidis, Apostolos Sarris","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843162","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, AlexNet architecture is implemented and trained to classify C-scans featuring ancient structural patterns. The performance of two popular optimizers is examined and compared, namely the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with momentum and Adaptive Moments Estimate (Adam). The two optimizers were employed to train models using a GPR dataset from several archaeological sites. The results showed that even though SGD was more challenging to achieve learning, it eventually performed better than Adam when Batch Normalization, Dropout, and tuning the batch size and learning rate were performed. Furthermore, the generalization was tested using entirely independent data. SGD performed better, scoring 95% over 90% classification accuracy. The obtained results highlight how important the optimizer’s choice can be in the learning process and is worth investigating when training CNNs models with GPR data.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"4 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113980625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843182
L. Piroddi
This paper presents the results of a ground penetrating radar (GPR) prospection over the floor of the main room of the church of San Leonardo de Siete Fuentes, a rural medieval building in the countryside of Santu Lussurgiu, Sardinia, Italy. Thanks to the GPR survey, the original shape of the preexisting religious building was found and reconstructed: it was a single hall church with a semicircular apse on the side opposite to the present façade that include the more ancient one. Moreover, two more locations inside the main room are indicated as points of potential archaeological interests, for the possible presence of burials or anyway manmade features just below the floor.
{"title":"GPR prospection at the San Leonardo de Siete Fuentes’ church, Santu Lussurgiu, Italy","authors":"L. Piroddi","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843182","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a ground penetrating radar (GPR) prospection over the floor of the main room of the church of San Leonardo de Siete Fuentes, a rural medieval building in the countryside of Santu Lussurgiu, Sardinia, Italy. Thanks to the GPR survey, the original shape of the preexisting religious building was found and reconstructed: it was a single hall church with a semicircular apse on the side opposite to the present façade that include the more ancient one. Moreover, two more locations inside the main room are indicated as points of potential archaeological interests, for the possible presence of burials or anyway manmade features just below the floor.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131989406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843145
Kaijun Wu, Elodie Jacquemin, Loïc Ory, T. Parizel, S. Lambot
In this study, we analysed the low-frequency drone-borne ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and full-wave inversion method for soil electrical conductivity characterization. The sensitivity of parameters (the relative dielectric permittivity εr and electrical conductivity σ) is investigated based on the full-wave inversion method. For the full-wave inversion analysis, numerical experiments were conducted within the frequency range of 15–45 MHz. The results show that the soil surface reflexion is more sensitive to the soil electrical conductivity than the soil permittivity to be retrieved using full-wave inversion within this frequency range, with a sensitivity depth of around 0.5 m. Yet, the permittivity also affects the results. For the field experiment, a 5-meter long dipole was mounted on a drone to provide the low frequency range of 15–45 MHz. The measurements were conducted during two different days. The conductivity maps obtained by the drone-borne GPR and by electromagnetic induction (EMI) are presented for comparison. The agreement between the two drone-GPR experiments demonstrated the feasibility of soil conductivity mapping using drone-borne GPR and full-wave inversion. Nevertheless, the conductivity maps were opposite in terms of spatial distributions compared to EMI. This was attributed to the different depth sensitivities of the two methods in relation to the local soil pedology.
{"title":"Analysis of Low-frequency Drone-Borne GPR for Soil Electrical Conductivity Mapping","authors":"Kaijun Wu, Elodie Jacquemin, Loïc Ory, T. Parizel, S. Lambot","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843145","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we analysed the low-frequency drone-borne ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and full-wave inversion method for soil electrical conductivity characterization. The sensitivity of parameters (the relative dielectric permittivity εr and electrical conductivity σ) is investigated based on the full-wave inversion method. For the full-wave inversion analysis, numerical experiments were conducted within the frequency range of 15–45 MHz. The results show that the soil surface reflexion is more sensitive to the soil electrical conductivity than the soil permittivity to be retrieved using full-wave inversion within this frequency range, with a sensitivity depth of around 0.5 m. Yet, the permittivity also affects the results. For the field experiment, a 5-meter long dipole was mounted on a drone to provide the low frequency range of 15–45 MHz. The measurements were conducted during two different days. The conductivity maps obtained by the drone-borne GPR and by electromagnetic induction (EMI) are presented for comparison. The agreement between the two drone-GPR experiments demonstrated the feasibility of soil conductivity mapping using drone-borne GPR and full-wave inversion. Nevertheless, the conductivity maps were opposite in terms of spatial distributions compared to EMI. This was attributed to the different depth sensitivities of the two methods in relation to the local soil pedology.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"453 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124302738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843165
Teja Ceru, Valentina Pezdir, M. Gosar
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used to study the peat thickness and morphology of the Šijec bog. The Šijec bog on the Pokljuka plateau is one of the southernmost ombrotrophic peatlands in Europe. To test the applicability of the GPR method in peatlands, which was the first study of its kind in Slovenia, we used two different antennas, a 250 MHz shielded and a 50 MHz unshielded Rough Terrain Antenna (RTA). Comparing the results of both applied frequency antennas and systems, we found that the penetration depth of the 250 MHz antenna was not sufficient to detect the peat thickness in the deepest areas. In addition, on the rough terrain, the unshielded flexible 50 MHz RTA antenna (9.25 m long tube) was generally found to be more suitable due to its easier maneuvering. Based on 13 profiles, four depressions were identified within the peat bog and a 3D model was created. The contact between the peat layer and underlying clay sediments derived from the GPR results was complemented with manual peat probing. The results of the study show that GPR is faster and provides larger and continuous information on the thickness, volume, and geometry of peatland compared to conventional surveying methods (peat probe, coring).
{"title":"Using GPR on an ombrotrophic bog in Slovenia to delineate peat morphology","authors":"Teja Ceru, Valentina Pezdir, M. Gosar","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843165","url":null,"abstract":"Ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used to study the peat thickness and morphology of the Šijec bog. The Šijec bog on the Pokljuka plateau is one of the southernmost ombrotrophic peatlands in Europe. To test the applicability of the GPR method in peatlands, which was the first study of its kind in Slovenia, we used two different antennas, a 250 MHz shielded and a 50 MHz unshielded Rough Terrain Antenna (RTA). Comparing the results of both applied frequency antennas and systems, we found that the penetration depth of the 250 MHz antenna was not sufficient to detect the peat thickness in the deepest areas. In addition, on the rough terrain, the unshielded flexible 50 MHz RTA antenna (9.25 m long tube) was generally found to be more suitable due to its easier maneuvering. Based on 13 profiles, four depressions were identified within the peat bog and a 3D model was created. The contact between the peat layer and underlying clay sediments derived from the GPR results was complemented with manual peat probing. The results of the study show that GPR is faster and provides larger and continuous information on the thickness, volume, and geometry of peatland compared to conventional surveying methods (peat probe, coring).","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124528127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843154
S. Imposa, S. Grassi, I. Barone, Matteo Censini, G. Morreale
In this work, we show GPR surveys combined with a series of seismic refraction tomographies to study the subsoil in the Cathedral of S. Giorgio in Ragusa Ibla (Sicily). The church stands on a high structural level characterized by a carbonate formation, consisting of a calcarenite-marly succession. Built in the 18th century, where previously stood the church of San Nicola, the new building probably hosts, under the present flooring, several tombs of different ages and probable remains of the oldest previous church. The combination of the two geophysical methods here proposed allows us to highlight the potential of each technique and how they perfectly support the reconstruction of the subsoil of the church with different details on archaeological and geological/structural buried structures.
{"title":"Combined GPR and seismic refraction tomography to study the subsoil in the Cathedral of S. Giorgio Ragusa- Ibla (Sicily)","authors":"S. Imposa, S. Grassi, I. Barone, Matteo Censini, G. Morreale","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843154","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we show GPR surveys combined with a series of seismic refraction tomographies to study the subsoil in the Cathedral of S. Giorgio in Ragusa Ibla (Sicily). The church stands on a high structural level characterized by a carbonate formation, consisting of a calcarenite-marly succession. Built in the 18th century, where previously stood the church of San Nicola, the new building probably hosts, under the present flooring, several tombs of different ages and probable remains of the oldest previous church. The combination of the two geophysical methods here proposed allows us to highlight the potential of each technique and how they perfectly support the reconstruction of the subsoil of the church with different details on archaeological and geological/structural buried structures.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"106 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120842226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843149
A. Novo, R. Sala, Manuela Kauffman, S. Llobet, Pedro Rodriguez Simon, M. Arvanitis
GPR is a versatile non-invasive method. Although its application in archaeology is widespread, there has been limited research done over historical floors. This paper presents results of how the combined application of high-frequency 3D GPR data acquisition methodologies together with advanced data visualization and complementing ultrasonic scanning is helping conservators in their efforts to protect a Roman mosaic.
{"title":"High-resolution GPR investigation over a Roman mosaic in Empuries, Spain","authors":"A. Novo, R. Sala, Manuela Kauffman, S. Llobet, Pedro Rodriguez Simon, M. Arvanitis","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843149","url":null,"abstract":"GPR is a versatile non-invasive method. Although its application in archaeology is widespread, there has been limited research done over historical floors. This paper presents results of how the combined application of high-frequency 3D GPR data acquisition methodologies together with advanced data visualization and complementing ultrasonic scanning is helping conservators in their efforts to protect a Roman mosaic.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129351240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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