Journal of Stored Products Research最新文献_第10页

Numerical simulation and energy consumption analysis of ventilation patterns in grain silo 粮仓通风模式的数值模拟和能耗分析

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102469

Boqiang Zhang, Xiaojing Guo, Zechen Yao, Jiaao Li, Meiyue Zhang, Xuemeng Xu

Mechanical ventilation is an effective method to ensure the security of grain storage, which directly impacts the storage duration and storage quality. In this work, considering the coupling effect of grain physical parameters and gas-solid phase interaction on ventilation, the porous media, non-thermal equilibrium and turbulence models were employed to investigate the variation of velocity field and temperature field under four ventilation patterns: vertical ventilation duct (VD), transverse ventilation duct (HD), combined roof inhalation duct (CRD), and combined bottom inhalation duct (CBD). The relative standard deviation (RSD) and unit energy consumption were used to evaluate the performance of different ventilation patterns quantitatively. The results show a relative deviation of 5.12 % between simulation and experiments. Compared with VD and HD, CRD and CBD exhibit higher velocity values and gradient in the center of grain silo. The physical parameters of grain have obvious impacts on velocity field, and paddy has the highest velocity values due to its higher porosity. CRD has a significant advantage in cooling speed and effect, with the grain surface temperature at 12 m and 25 m lower than other patterns by 1.2 °C and 1.8 °C, respectively. The large porosity of paddy can advance cooling time by up to 5–10 h, while the lower specific heat capacity and higher thermal conductivity of peanut result in cooling temperatures 1.5 °C–2.4 °C lower than other grain. The temperature RSD of VD is lower than other ventilation patterns, and the unit energy consumption of CRD and CBD is better.

机械通风是保证粮食储藏安全的有效方法，直接影响储藏时间和储藏质量。本研究考虑了粮食物理参数和气固相相互作用对通风的耦合效应，采用多孔介质模型、非热平衡模型和湍流模型研究了垂直通风管道（VD）、横向通风管道（HD）、组合式顶部吸入管道（CRD）和组合式底部吸入管道（CBD）四种通风模式下的速度场和温度场的变化。采用相对标准偏差（RSD）和单位能耗来定量评估不同通风模式的性能。结果显示，模拟与实验之间的相对偏差为 5.12%。与 VD 和 HD 相比，CRD 和 CBD 在粮仓中心表现出更高的速度值和梯度。谷物的物理参数对速度场有明显的影响，稻谷由于孔隙率较高，速度值最高。CRD 在冷却速度和效果方面具有明显优势，12 米和 25 米处的谷物表面温度分别比其他模式低 1.2 ℃ 和 1.8 ℃。稻谷的孔隙率大，可将冷却时间提前 5-10 小时，而花生的比热容较低，导热系数较高，因此冷却温度比其他谷物低 1.5 ℃-2.4 ℃。VD 的温度 RSD 低于其他通风模式，CRD 和 CBD 的单位能耗较好。

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引用次数: 0

Development of Idaea inquinata (Lepidoptera Geometridae) at different constant temperatures and relative humidities under controlled conditions Idaea inquinata（鳞翅目尺蠖科）在受控条件下不同恒温和相对湿度下的发育情况

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102466

Luca Rossini , Daria Patrizia Locatelli , Lidia Limonta

The rusty wave moth Idaea inquinata is an insect pest that infests dried herbs, above all when stored in warehouses. Infestations were historically localised, but the recent climatic change might increase the incidence of this pest in many areas of north Italy. The artificial regulation of the environmental conditions of warehouses is one of the most common techniques to control pests, often combined with thermal treatments just after the introduction of the stocks. The optimisation of the warehouse conditions, however, requires a deep knowledge on how the species react to variations in temperature and relative humidities. This information is to date missing for I. inquinata and this work aimed to fill this gap in knowledge. The life tables at 35% and 70% RH, and at different constant temperatures were obtained for the egg, larval, and pupal stages by combining datasets provided by 20 years of continuous rearing of this species. A second part of the study, instead, concerned the estimation of the parameters of the temperature-dependent development rate functions, laying the foundations for further formulations of mathematical models to be applied in decision support systems. Life tables showed that conditions of low relative humidities and low temperatures are a good compromise that slows down the development time of the preimaginal stages. The upper thermal limit for the development of this species, instead, is around 40 °C, a threshold that can be considered for further thermal treatments to disinfest warehouses before the introduction of pest-free stocks or as a controlling action in case of infestations.

锈波蛾（Idaea inquinata）是一种为害干药草的害虫，尤其是在仓库中储存时。这种虫害历来局限于局部地区，但最近的气候变化可能会增加这种虫害在意大利北部许多地区的发生率。人工调节仓库的环境条件是控制害虫最常用的技术之一，通常在引入存货后与热处理相结合。然而，优化仓库条件需要深入了解物种对温度和相对湿度变化的反应。迄今为止，I. inquinata 还没有这方面的信息，这项工作旨在填补这一知识空白。通过结合对该物种长达 20 年的连续饲养数据集，获得了在 35% 和 70% 相对湿度以及不同恒温条件下卵、幼虫和蛹各阶段的生命表。研究的第二部分则是估算与温度有关的发育速率函数参数，为进一步建立数学模型以应用于决策支持系统奠定基础。生命表显示，低相对湿度和低温是一个很好的折衷条件，可以减缓前胚胎阶段的发育时间。相反，该物种发育的热上限约为 40 °C，在引入无害虫存货之前，可考虑对仓库进行进一步的热处理消毒，或在发生虫害时采取控制措施。

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引用次数: 0

Physical properties and quality of corn grains stored at different initial moisture contents under hermetic and non-hermetic conditions 在密闭和非密闭条件下以不同初始含水量储存的玉米粒的物理特性和质量

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102463

Geraldo Acácio Mabasso , Osvaldo Resende, Diene Gonçalves Souza, Elivânio dos Santos Rosa, Adrielle Borges de Almeida, Jaqueline Ferreira Vieira Bessa, Juliana Aparecida Célia, Joainny Martins Leite, Lara Fernanda Leite

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of the CO₂ concentration and its relationship with the quality of corn grains stored at different initial moisture contents under different conditions. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with a 2 × 3 × 5 factorial scheme and 3 replications. A sensor was inserted into the grain mass to measure CO₂, temperature and relative humidity levels at 1-h intervals for up to 120 days, and quality assessments were performed every thirty days via physical properties and grain classification (official Brazilian standard IN 60/2011). The data were subjected to analysis of variance, followed by a t-test for storage conditions and linear regression for initial moisture content and storage time. The variation in temperature, relative humidity and CO₂ resulted in greater metabolic activity for the non-hermetic condition and higher initial moisture content; grains stored with an initial moisture content of 14% wb presented lower levels of deterioration, with higher bulk density values and lower grain mass porosity; color variation increased as a function of time and initial moisture content; grains stored under hermetic conditions changed to type 2 at 120 days for an 18% wb initial moisture content, whereas in the non-hermetic storage, the changes began after 30 days for 16 and 18% wb, whereas for 14% wb, the change occurred at 120 days. The integrated use of temperature sensors, combined with relative humidity and CO₂ monitoring, makes CO₂ sensors valuable tools for preventing quality loss during storage.

本研究旨在评估二氧化碳浓度的动态变化及其与在不同条件下以不同初始含水量储存的玉米粒质量的关系。实验采用完全随机设计，2 × 3 × 5 因子方案，3 次重复。将传感器插入谷物中，每隔 1 小时测量一次二氧化碳、温度和相对湿度水平，最长持续 120 天，每隔 30 天通过物理特性和谷物分类（巴西官方标准 IN 60/2011）进行一次质量评估。对数据进行方差分析，然后对储存条件进行 t 检验，对初始含水量和储存时间进行线性回归。温度、相对湿度和二氧化碳的变化导致非恒温条件下的新陈代谢活动更活跃，初始含水量更高；初始含水量为 14% wb 的谷物变质程度更低，体积密度值更高，谷物孔隙率更低；颜色变化随时间和初始含水量的变化而增加；在密闭条件下储存的谷物，初始含水量为 18% wb 时，120 天后变为 2 型；而在非密闭条件下储存的谷物，初始含水量为 16% 和 18% wb 时，30 天后开始发生变化，而初始含水量为 14% wb 时，120 天后发生变化。温度传感器与相对湿度和二氧化碳监测的综合使用，使二氧化碳传感器成为防止贮藏期间质量损失的重要工具。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of aging time on the physicochemical properties of lime used to preserve corn postharvest 陈化时间对用于收获后保存玉米的石灰的理化特性的影响

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102462

Efren Herrera-López , Sylvanus Odjo , Luis F. Zubieta-Otero , Brenda L. Contreras-Jiménez , Fabiola Curiel-Ayala , Lina Garcia-Mier , Mario E. Rodriguez-Garcia

This study investigates the effectiveness of two types of lime (Ca(OH)₂) micronized and normal lime in the conservation of corn in Texcoco and Chiapas, Mexico, taking into account the influence of regional relative humidity on the carbonation of calcium hydroxide as a postharvest treatment. The analysis includes X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) over six months. After three months, samples were taken to assess complete carbonation and to determine the optimal mean lifetime of calcium hydroxide as a preservative against bacterial or pest infestation. Focusing on converting calcium hydroxide to calcium carbonate, the study maintains the relative humidity at 14–16% for Chiapas and 6–7% for Texcoco. The XRD study shows carbonation begins within 15 days and progresses to complete conversion to CaCO₃ after 90 days, rendering the sample inert. Infrared spectrophotometry confirms the presence of calcium carbonates, calcium oxide, and calcium hydroxide in both regions. SEM examination confirms the conversion of Ca(OH)₂ to CaCO₃ within 90 days. The collective results confirm the feasibility of lime as a postharvest preservation method for corn, with a comprehensive understanding of the temporal aspects of converting calcium hydroxide to calcium carbonate under different regional moisture conditions.

本研究调查了两种石灰（Ca(OH)2）微粉化石灰和普通石灰在墨西哥特斯科科和恰帕斯玉米保护中的有效性，同时考虑了地区相对湿度对氢氧化钙碳化作为收获后处理的影响。分析包括六个月的 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR) 和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)。三个月后，取样评估完全碳化情况，并确定氢氧化钙作为防腐剂防止细菌或害虫侵袭的最佳平均寿命。研究的重点是将氢氧化钙转化为碳酸钙，恰帕斯州的相对湿度保持在 14-16%，特斯科科州的相对湿度保持在 6-7%。XRD 研究表明，碳化过程在 15 天内开始，90 天后完全转化为 CaCO3，使样品成为惰性。红外分光光度法证实，两个地区都存在碳酸钙、氧化钙和氢氧化钙。扫描电镜检查证实 Ca(OH)2 在 90 天内转化为 CaCO3。这些综合结果证实了石灰作为玉米收获后保存方法的可行性，并全面了解了氢氧化钙在不同地区水分条件下转化为碳酸钙的时间方面。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of ozone gas on Attagenus fasciatus (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) and Gibbium psylloides (Czempinski) (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) as stored silkworm product pests 臭氧气体对储藏蚕产品害虫 Attagenus fasciatus (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) 和 Gibbium psylloides (Czempinski) (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) 的影响

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102461

Ahmed H. Elsaffany , Mohammad M.M. Bedewy , Khaled H. Metwaly , Hassan A. Gad

The insecticidal potential of ozone gas was tested against two insect pests of stored silkworm products, Attagenus fasciatus (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) and Gibbium psylloides (Czempinski) (Coleoptera: Ptinidae). Ozone was tested at three concentrations, 500, 1000 and 1500 ppmv for three exposure times, 1, 2 and 3 h. The adult mortality of two insects was counted during 7 days of treatment. Changes in the morphological features of two insect's adults were examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the chemical composition of treated silkworm cocoons with ozone was determined. Adult mortality of A. fasciatus and G. psylloides was improved with the increase in ozone concentration and exposure time. Thus, all tested concentrations caused complete adult mortality of A. fasciatus after 3 and 5 days of treatment at two exposure times (2 and 3 h), respectively. While the two concentrations of ozone (1000 and 1500 ppmv) caused full mortality of G. psylloides adults after 5 days of treatments at exposure time 3 h. Examination with SEM of treated adults showed induction malformations on the dorsal surface as split between elytra and between the thorax and elytra as well as a split the head capsule from the thorax. Additionally, there was a decrease in the density of some microtrichiae of A. fasciatus. While in case of G. psylloides, observed induction shrinking and deformities occurred in the abdominal cuticles and the abdomen was exploded as results treating of ozone gas. Furthermore, the chemical composition analysis of treated silkworm cocoons showed a slight decrease in protein and carbohydrate contents and increasing at the fat, moisture, fiber and ash contents. Our results indicated that the ozone gas seems to be a promising fumigant for the control of A. fasciatus and G. psylloides.

测试了臭氧气体对两种贮藏蚕产品害虫的杀虫潜力：Attagenus fasciatus (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) 和 Gibbium psylloides (Czempinski) (Coleoptera: Ptinidae)。测试的臭氧浓度分别为 500、1000 和 1500 ppmv，暴露时间分别为 1、2 和 3 小时。在扫描电子显微镜（SEM）下观察了两种昆虫成虫形态特征的变化，并测定了经臭氧处理的蚕茧的化学成分。随着臭氧浓度和暴露时间的增加，A. fasciatus 和 G. psylloides 的成虫死亡率有所提高。因此，在两种暴露时间（2 小时和 3 小时）下，所有测试浓度的臭氧在处理 3 天和 5 天后都会导致 A. fasciatus 成虫完全死亡。用扫描电子显微镜检查处理过的成虫，发现其背部出现畸形，即背甲之间、胸部与背甲之间出现裂缝，头囊与胸部之间也出现裂缝。此外，A. fasciatus 的一些微三叶虫密度也有所下降。至于 G. psylloides，臭氧气体处理的结果是腹部角质层出现诱导收缩和畸形，腹部爆炸。此外，对处理过的蚕茧进行的化学成分分析表明，蛋白质和碳水化合物含量略有下降，而脂肪、水分、纤维和灰分含量有所增加。我们的研究结果表明，臭氧气体似乎是一种很有前景的熏蒸剂，可用于控制 A. fasciatus 和 G. psylloides。

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引用次数: 0

Potential of three selected plant essential oils and their synergistic combinations in management of Tribolium confusum on wheat grains 三种精选植物精油及其协同组合在治理麦粒上的褐飞虱方面的潜力

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102464

Soukaina Miloudi , Bouchra Soulaimani , Imane Abbad , Abdelaziz Abbad , El Hassan El Mouden

Tribolium confusum (Duval) is one of the most common destructive pests of stored products, resistant to a wide range of insecticides. The present study aims to evaluate the insecticidal activities of essential oil (EOs) from three medicinal plants namely, Satureja calamintha (L.), Mentha piperita (L.) and Chenopodium ambrosioides (L.), and their combinations against T. confusum. Chemical analysis of EOs investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed that the main constituents in S. calamintha EO were pulegone (36.8%), menthone (31%) and menthol (19.8%). Menthofuran (23.73%) and 1,8-cineole (20.23%) were the main compounds of M. piperita EO, while the EO of C. ambrosioides was characterized by the abundance of ascaridole (36.67%), p-cymene (34.32%), and isoascaridole (22.8%). The insecticidal activity of the three EOs and their combinations were evaluated by contact toxicity and repellent efficacy against T. confusum. Generally, ternary and binary combinations showed promising toxicity compared to individual EOs with LC₅₀ = 0.022 μL/cm² and LC₅₀ = 0.057–0.078 μL/cm², respectively. Considering the combination index (CI) and dose-reduction index (DRI) values, studied combinations showed synergistic and additive effects with favorable dose reductions. Interestingly, a high synergistic effectiveness was recorded for the ternary combination, with a CI value of 0.4. Moreover, both individual and combined EOs showed repellent effects against tested insect pest with an average repellency rate varying between 28.8% and 72%. The nanoemulsified ternary EO combination used at 1000 ppm, achieved the highest mortality (100%) of T. confusum adults whiting 4-day exposure in treated wheat grains, compared to the free form (68%). The nanoemulsion exerted high efficacy without significantly affecting the wheat germination. these findings highlight the potential of ternary EO combination and its nanoemulsion for developing environmentally-friendly insecticide to be used in the management of T. confusum in real-world conditions.

Tribolium confusum (Duval) 是贮藏产品中最常见的破坏性害虫之一，对多种杀虫剂具有抗药性。本研究旨在评估来自三种药用植物，即 Satureja calamintha（L.）、Mentha piperita（L.）和 Chenopodium ambrosioides（L.）的精油（EOs）及其组合物对 T. confusum 的杀虫活性。利用气相色谱-质谱法（GC/MS）对环芳烃进行的化学分析显示，水黄皮环芳烃的主要成分是柚木酮（36.8%）、薄荷酮（31%）和薄荷醇（19.8%）。薄荷呋喃（23.73%）和 1,8-蒎烯（20.23%）是 M. piperita 环氧乙烷的主要化合物，而 C. ambrosioides 环氧乙烷的特点是富含蛔虫醚（36.67%）、对伞花烯（34.32%）和异蛔虫醚（22.8%）。通过接触毒性和驱避效果评估了三种环氧乙烷及其复配物对 confusum 的杀虫活性。一般来说，与单个环氧乙烷相比，三元和二元环氧乙烷组合具有良好的毒性，LC50 = 0.022 μL/cm2，LC50 = 0.057-0.078 μL/cm2。考虑到组合指数（CI）和剂量降低指数（DRI）值，所研究的组合物显示出协同和相加效应，并能有效降低剂量。有趣的是，三元组合具有很高的协同效应，CI 值为 0.4。此外，单独和组合的环氧乙烷对测试的害虫都有驱避作用，平均驱避率在 28.8% 到 72% 之间。与游离态（68%）相比，使用浓度为 1000 ppm 的纳米乳化三元环氧乙烷组合在处理过的麦粒中暴露 4 天后，褐飞虱成虫的死亡率最高（100%）。这些发现凸显了三元环氧乙烷组合及其纳米乳液在开发环境友好型杀虫剂方面的潜力，可用于在实际条件下防治褐飞虱。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative efficacy of alternative insecticides for Rhyzopertha dominica management in Colombia: Beyond organophosphates and pyrethroids 在哥伦比亚，替代性杀虫剂对治理多米尼卡蚜虫的功效比较：超越有机磷和拟除虫菊酯

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102465

German Bohórquez , Luis O. Viteri Jumbo , Arledys Albino-Bohórquez , Eugenio E. Oliveira , Tito Bacca

Here, we directly compared the insecticide efficacy of diamides (chlorantraniliprole), neonicotinoids (thiamethoxam), and spinosyns (spinosad and spinetoram) with that of organophosphates (pirimiphos-methyl) and pyrethroids (deltamethrin) in Colombian populations (i.e., Ibagué; El Espinal; Granada; Pore, and Sahagún) of R. dominica. Furthermore, we established the lethal concentrations for spinetoram in our insecticide-susceptible pattern population (Ibagué) and compared this insecticide residual activity against individuals of Ibagué and El Espinal populations. The Ibagué population was most susceptible to deltamethrin and chlorantraniliprole, while Ibagué and El Espinal populations showed higher susceptibility to pirimiphos-methyl and spinetoram. Thiamethoxam exhibited similar toxicity to the Ibagué, Granada, and Sahagún populations, and the susceptibility to spinosad was similar across all populations. The spinetoram exhibited high toxicity (LC₅₀ = 0.221 (0.174–0.287) mg a.i./Kg of grains) and residual activity against individuals from Ibagué and El Espinal populations, reinforcing its potential as alternative molecule for the management of R. dominica. Our findings expanded the insecticide options for controlling R. dominica in Colombia, contributing to avoid undesired effects of pyrethroids and organophosphates.

在这里，我们直接比较了二酰胺类（氯虫苯甲酰胺）、新烟碱类（噻虫嗪）和刺吸磷类（刺吸磷和刺吸磷）与有机磷类（甲基吡啶磷）和拟除虫菊酯类（溴氰菊酯）在哥伦比亚多米尼克幼虫种群（即 Ibagué、El Espinal、Granada、Pore 和 Sahagún）中的杀虫效力。此外，我们还确定了对杀虫剂敏感的模式种群（Ibagué）中斯宾特罗姆的致死浓度，并比较了这种杀虫剂对 Ibagué 和 El Espinal 种群个体的残留活性。伊巴盖种群对溴氰菊酯和氯氰虫酰胺的敏感性最高，而伊巴盖和埃尔埃斯皮纳种群对甲基吡啶磷和辛硫磷的敏感性较高。噻虫嗪对伊巴盖、格拉纳达和萨哈贡种群的毒性相似，而所有种群对旋喷磷的敏感性相似。辛硫磷对伊巴盖（Ibagué）和埃尔埃斯皮纳尔（El Espinal）种群的个体表现出较高的毒性（半数致死浓度 = 0.221 (0.174-0.287) 毫克活性成分/千克谷物）和残留活性，从而增强了其作为替代分子来防治多米尼克蚜虫的潜力。我们的研究结果扩大了哥伦比亚防治多角体蝇的杀虫剂选择范围，有助于避免拟除虫菊酯类和有机磷类杀虫剂的不良影响。

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引用次数: 0

Dispersal ability of the predatory mites Blattisocius tarsalis and Cheyletus malaccensis in grain piles and storage facilities 谷物堆和储藏设施中捕食螨 Blattisocius tarsalis 和 Cheyletus malaccensis 的传播能力

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102460

J. Parsons , M.S. Lopes , J. Riudavets

Predatory mites can be released into storage facilities to control various stored product pests. However, their ability to disperse within grain piles and structures (warehouses and processing facilities) has not been well assessed. This study aimed to evaluate two predatory mites, Blattisocius tarsalis and Cheyletus malaccensis, as biological control agents by examining their dispersal abilities in piles of rice grains and storage facilities. The mites were evaluated for their capacity to navigate vertically through polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes filled with paddy rice at depths of 40 and 100 cm to determine if they could reach the eggs of various lepidopteran pests at the bottom. Additionally, their dispersal ability over varying time intervals and their preferences concerning light intensity were assessed in 2-m-long channels coated with rice flour residues. An integrated assessment of their vertical and horizontal dispersal capacities, along with the influence of light, was conducted in a controlled pilot storage room (4 × 3 × 3 m). Blattisocius tarsalis demonstrated impressive dispersal capabilities, reaching pest eggs at vertical depths of 40 and 100 cm through rice and dispersing 2 m horizontally in just 4 h. This proficiency extended to pilot storage room conditions, where it successfully navigated all distances, both horizontally and vertically, showing a preference for navigating away from the light. Cheyletus malaccensis proved to be an effective predator at close range to pest eggs but demonstrated limited dispersal capabilities in complex setups. This study underlines the suitability of B. tarsalis as a biological control agent capable of dispersing in various environments. Conversely, the utility of C. malaccensis may be more specialised and effective within a narrow movement range. These findings highlight the importance of understanding mite dispersal behaviours for optimising pest management strategies and contributing to the more sustainable and effective storage of rice grains.

捕食螨可被释放到储藏设施中，以控制各种储藏产品害虫。然而，它们在谷物堆和结构（仓库和加工设施）中的扩散能力还没有得到很好的评估。本研究旨在通过检测两种捕食性螨虫 Blattisocius tarsalis 和 Cheyletus malaccensis 在稻谷堆和仓储设施中的扩散能力，评估它们作为生物防治剂的能力。评估了螨虫垂直穿过装有水稻的聚氯乙烯（PVC）管（深度分别为 40 厘米和 100 厘米）的能力，以确定它们是否能到达底部各种鳞翅目害虫的卵。此外，还在涂有米粉残渣的 2 米长通道中评估了它们在不同时间间隔内的扩散能力及其对光照强度的偏好。在一个受控的试验储存室（4 × 3 × 3 米）中，对其垂直和水平扩散能力以及光照的影响进行了综合评估。Blattisocius tarsalis 的扩散能力令人印象深刻，它能在短短 4 小时内通过稻米到达垂直深度为 40 厘米和 100 厘米的害虫卵，并在水平方向上扩散 2 米。事实证明，Cheyletus malaccensis 是近距离捕食害虫卵的有效捕食者，但在复杂的环境中表现出有限的扩散能力。这项研究强调了跗线蝇作为生物防治剂的适用性，它能够在各种环境中扩散。相反，C. malaccensis 的作用可能更专业化，在狭窄的移动范围内更有效。这些发现凸显了了解螨虫扩散行为对优化害虫管理策略的重要性，有助于更可持续、更有效地储存稻谷。

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引用次数: 0

Physical and biochemical characteristics of cereal grains affect population growth parameters of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) 谷物的物理和生物化学特征对褐斑禾谷蛾（鞘翅目：蛾科）种群生长参数的影响

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102459

Zahra Abedi , Jabraeil Razmjou , Hooshang Rafiee Dastjerdi , Asgar Ebadollahi

The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a significant pest of rice and other cereal grains. In this research, the effects of various grain species, including barley, maize, millet, rice, sorghum, and wheat, were assessed on biological properties and life history variables of S. oryzae under laboratory conditions. Data were analyzed based on the age-stage, two-sex life table method. Furthermore, various physicochemical properties of cereal grains, including protein content, starch content, humidity content, and seed hardness, were investigated to explore their correlation with the studied parameters of S. oryzae. The longest development time was observed on millet and sorghum hosts, while the shortest was on maize seed. The beetles reared on rice and millet species showed the maximum fecundity, whereas those reared on sorghum and millet grains showed the lowest. Maize grain had the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r), whereas millet and sorghum grains had the lowest. According to the correlation analysis, overall, seed protein content was negatively correlated with insect fecundity, R₀ and r, but positively correlated with development time. Furthermore, starch content was positively correlated with insect fecundity, R₀ and r, and negatively correlated with development time. The cluster results demonstrated that whereas sorghum and millet were comparatively resistant hosts for the growth of S. oryzae, maize and rice were relatively susceptible seeds. This information can be helpful in the development or improvement of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies against rice weevil. The findings of this research will also be helpful in introducing unsuitable hosts for the development of transgenic grains resistant to S. oryzae. The pest-resistant cereal grains identified in this study can potentially be utilized in combination with other pest control strategies for sustainable management of S. oryzae, which may help reduce the excessive use of chemical insecticides.

稻象鼻虫（鞘翅目：蝼蛄）是水稻和其他谷物的主要害虫。本研究在实验室条件下评估了不同谷物品种（包括大麦、玉米、小米、水稻、高粱和小麦）对稻象甲生物学特性和生活史变量的影响。数据根据年龄阶段、双性别生命表法进行分析。此外，还研究了谷物的各种理化性质，包括蛋白质含量、淀粉含量、湿度含量和种子硬度，以探讨它们与所研究的口角镰刀菌参数之间的相关性。在小米和高粱寄主上观察到的发育时间最长，而在玉米种子上观察到的发育时间最短。在水稻和小米上饲养的甲虫繁殖力最高，而在高粱和小米上饲养的甲虫繁殖力最低。玉米粒的内在增长率（r）最高，而小米和高粱粒的内在增长率最低。根据相关分析，总体而言，种子蛋白质含量与昆虫繁殖力、R0 和 r 呈负相关，但与发育时间呈正相关。此外，淀粉含量与昆虫繁殖力、R0 和 r 呈正相关，与发育时间呈负相关。聚类结果表明，高粱和小米相对来说是 S. oryzae 的抗性寄主，而玉米和水稻则是相对易感的种子。这些信息有助于制定或改进针对稻飞虱的虫害综合防治（IPM）策略。这项研究的结果也有助于引入不适合的宿主，以开发抗稻飞虱的转基因谷物。本研究发现的抗虫害谷物有可能与其他虫害防治策略结合使用，实现对稻飞虱的可持续管理，这可能有助于减少化学杀虫剂的过度使用。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of storage time on nutritive qualities, volatile components, and microbial community of native grass hay 贮藏时间对本地干草营养成分、挥发性成分和微生物群落的影响

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102454

Yuyu Li , Lifen Hao , Shuai Du , Qiang Si , Yandong Zhang , Kejian Lin , Yushan Jia

Microbial activity in stored native grass hay may induce quality deterioration and alter flavor profiles, resulting in significant economic losses and forage safety risks. This study elucidated the association between microbial communities, nutritive qualities, and volatile components during native grass hay storage. High-throughput sequencing was conducted for determining the microbial composition of stored native grass hay. Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed for identifying volatile compounds in native grass hay. This study also assessed the correlation of volatile compounds with the hay microbiome. According to the obtained results, the water-soluble carbohydrate and crude protein content of native grass hay significantly decreased by 14.37% and 25.24%, respectively, after 360 days of storage (P < 0.01). From the 112 volatile compounds identified in native grass hay, hydrocarbons and alcohols were the major contributors to the volatile profile characteristics of native grass hay during storage, while ketones, heterocyclic compounds, and aromatic compounds were the minor constituents. Forty-nine potential spoilage markers were screened based on OPLS-DA and VIP values. The dominant fungi at the phylum level were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Alternaria and Kabatiella were the main fungal genera during the storage of native hay. Correlation analysis showed that 3 key volatile compounds (eucalyptol, geranyl acetone, and dihydroactinidiolide) exhibited a high association with quality loss and Aspergillus of native grass hay. The present findings could improve our knowledge about how storage affects microbial communities and volatile components in native grass hay.

贮藏的本地干草中的微生物活动可能会导致质量下降和风味改变，从而造成重大经济损失和饲草安全风险。本研究阐明了本地干草储藏过程中微生物群落、营养品质和挥发性成分之间的关系。研究人员采用高通量测序技术确定了贮藏的本地干草的微生物组成。顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法用于鉴定本地干草中的挥发性化合物。这项研究还评估了挥发性化合物与干草微生物群的相关性。结果显示，贮藏 360 天后，本地干草的水溶性碳水化合物和粗蛋白含量分别显著下降了 14.37% 和 25.24%（P < 0.01）。在本地干草中鉴定出的 112 种挥发性化合物中，碳氢化合物和醇类是本地干草贮藏期间挥发性特征的主要成分，酮类、杂环化合物和芳香族化合物则是次要成分。根据 OPLS-DA 和 VIP 值筛选出了 49 个潜在的腐败标记。在真菌门中占优势的是子囊菌门和担子菌门。Alternaria 和 Kabatiella 是本地干草储藏期间的主要真菌属。相关分析表明，3 种主要挥发性化合物（桉叶油醇、香叶基丙酮和二氢内酯二内酯）与本地干草的质量损失和曲霉菌有很高的相关性。本研究结果有助于我们更好地了解贮藏如何影响本地干草中的微生物群落和挥发性成分。

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引用次数: 0