Various calcium nitrate solutions, including control (distilled water), calcium nitrate 0.4%, and calcium nitrate enriched with lecithin 0.2%, were used to improve the postharvest quality of two cultivars: ‘Akbari’ and ‘Kaleh- Ghoochi’ pistachio fruit two weeks after full bloom. After pistachio harvest, it was packed and transferred to cold storage at 4 ± 1°C with 85 ± 2% relative humidity for 45 days. Our findings indicated that the calcium nitrate treatment enhanced antioxidant activity and overall pistachio characteristics during storage compared to the control group. While the Kaleh-Ghoochi cultivar showed a decline in hull appearance quality when treated with calcium nitrate enriched with lecithin, the pistachio remained desirable. Notably, this treatment exhibited greater effectiveness in certain characteristics. For instance, the Akbari cultivar treated with calcium nitrate enriched with lecithin showed improved hull appearance (3%), greater firmness (25%), and lower water activity (1%). Conversely, the Kaleh-Ghoochi cultivar exhibits deteriorated hull appearance (12%), reduced firmness (32%), lower water activity (2%), and elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity (57%). Additionally, antioxidant activity was higher (7%), while phenolics content was lower (2%). The combination of calcium nitrate and lecithin-surfactant provides an innovative approach to mitigate hull browning and preserve the quality of pistachio fruit during storage period.
{"title":"A novel approach to suppress enzymatic browning of packed fresh pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) through enhanced calcium absorption by lecithin","authors":"Mozhdeh Yousefi , Seyed Hossein Mirdehghan , Majid Esmaeilizadeh , Fatemeh Nazoori , Seyyed Rasoul Sahhafi","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various calcium nitrate solutions, including control (distilled water), calcium nitrate 0.4%, and calcium nitrate enriched with lecithin 0.2%, were used to improve the postharvest quality of two cultivars: ‘Akbari’ and ‘Kaleh- Ghoochi’ pistachio fruit two weeks after full bloom. After pistachio harvest, it was packed and transferred to cold storage at 4 ± 1°C with 85 ± 2% relative humidity for 45 days. Our findings indicated that the calcium nitrate treatment enhanced antioxidant activity and overall pistachio characteristics during storage compared to the control group. While the Kaleh-Ghoochi cultivar showed a decline in hull appearance quality when treated with calcium nitrate enriched with lecithin, the pistachio remained desirable. Notably, this treatment exhibited greater effectiveness in certain characteristics. For instance, the Akbari cultivar treated with calcium nitrate enriched with lecithin showed improved hull appearance (3%), greater firmness (25%), and lower water activity (1%). Conversely, the Kaleh-Ghoochi cultivar exhibits deteriorated hull appearance (12%), reduced firmness (32%), lower water activity (2%), and elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity (57%). Additionally, antioxidant activity was higher (7%), while phenolics content was lower (2%). The combination of calcium nitrate and lecithin-surfactant provides an innovative approach to mitigate hull browning and preserve the quality of pistachio fruit during storage period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102551
Fahim Ullah , Kamran Hasrat , Sami Iqbal , Sunel Kumar , Mao Mu , Shuang Wang
This study presents an innovative approach to enhancing the drying process of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa A. Chev.) by integrating a phase change material (PCM) into a flat-plate solar dryer (FPSDPCM). The research is motivated by the inefficiencies of conventional solar drying methods, which frequently result in prolonged drying times, inconsistent temperature control, and diminished product quality. The proposed system incorporates paraffin wax PCM and a flat-plate solar collector connected to a drying chamber with a 20 kg capacity. This design achieves a 10 ± 0.3% increase in thermal efficiency and a 38 ± 3.1% reduction in drying time compared to traditional solar dryers. The study's novelty lies in its innovative strategy to enhance drying performance while preserving the bioactive components of kiwifruit. Dried samples exhibited higher antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content compared to both fresh and open-sun-dried samples. Among five evaluated drying kinetic models, the Modified Henderson and Pabis model provided the most accurate predictions of the moisture ratio, as validated by statistical metrics including root mean square error (RMSE) and chi-square (X2) values. Operating within a temperature range of 44–73 °C, the FPSDPCM reduced the moisture content of kiwifruit from 93 ± 2% to 11 ± 0.5% in 5.5 h, compared to 8 h using open sun drying (OSD). Despite these advancements, limitations such as PCM selection and experimental uncertainty (32.83%) remain. Future research should focus on exploring alternative PCMs, real-time monitoring systems, and life-cycle assessments for broader agricultural applications. With an experimental uncertainty of 32.83%, the FPSDPCM offers a cost-effective, energy-efficient, and sustainable solution for small-scale farmers. It significantly improves drying efficiency and product quality, supporting environmentally sustainable agricultural practices.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of improved indirect flat-plate solar collector drier with integrated phase change material for drying kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa A. chev.)","authors":"Fahim Ullah , Kamran Hasrat , Sami Iqbal , Sunel Kumar , Mao Mu , Shuang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an innovative approach to enhancing the drying process of kiwifruit (<em>Actinidia deliciosa</em> A. Chev.) by integrating a phase change material (PCM) into a flat-plate solar dryer (FPSD<sup>PCM</sup>). The research is motivated by the inefficiencies of conventional solar drying methods, which frequently result in prolonged drying times, inconsistent temperature control, and diminished product quality. The proposed system incorporates paraffin wax PCM and a flat-plate solar collector connected to a drying chamber with a 20 kg capacity. This design achieves a 10 ± 0.3% increase in thermal efficiency and a 38 ± 3.1% reduction in drying time compared to traditional solar dryers. <strong>The study's novelty lies in its innovative strategy to enhance drying performance while preserving the bioactive components of kiwifruit. Dried samples exhibited higher antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content compared to both fresh and open-sun-dried samples.</strong> Among five evaluated drying kinetic models, the Modified Henderson and Pabis model provided the most accurate predictions of the moisture ratio, as validated by statistical metrics including root mean square error (RMSE) and chi-square (X<sup>2</sup>) values. Operating within a temperature range of 44–73 °C, the FPSD<sup>PCM</sup> reduced the moisture content of kiwifruit from 93 ± 2% to 11 ± 0.5% in 5.5 h, compared to 8 h using open sun drying (OSD). Despite these advancements, limitations such as PCM selection and experimental uncertainty (32.83%) remain. Future research should focus on exploring alternative PCMs, real-time monitoring systems, and life-cycle assessments for broader agricultural applications. With an experimental uncertainty of 32.83%, the FPSD<sup>PCM</sup> offers a cost-effective, energy-efficient, and sustainable solution for small-scale farmers. It significantly improves drying efficiency and product quality, supporting environmentally sustainable agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102556
Manoj K. Nayak , Rajeswaran Jagadeesan , Hervoika Pavic , Philip R. Burrill , Gregory J. Daglish
The current research was aimed to establish phosphine efficacy data in the laboratory and field for the management of Callosobruchus maculatus F., a serious pest of pulses. Responses of eggs, adults, and mixed-age populations of two C. maculatus strains were determined against a range of phosphine concentrations at 25 °C. A farm-scale trial involving a sealable silo 11.1 m3 (8 t capacity) containing mungbeans was also undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of the currently registered rate of tablet formulation of aluminium phosphide in Australia. Multiple field-collected populations of C. maculatus were also screened at two phosphine dose rates to validate the effectiveness of the established protocols. No significant difference was observed between the response of eggs of two reference strains to phosphine, however, nearly two-fold differences were noticed at LC50 between the adults. For mixed-age populations, there was a significant effect of strain, dose, and exposure period on progeny reduction, as well as a significant interaction between these factors. The efficacy tended to increase with increasing dose and exposure period. There was complete progeny reduction in mixed-age populations fumigated in the silo, where consistently high concentrations [>720 ppm (1 mg L−1)] were recorded over the 7-day fumigation. Moreover, the complete control of 10 field populations at the current label rate of phosphine (7 days at 1 mg L−1) confirmed the lack of resistance development in C. maculatus. Future research should focus on establishing a discriminating dose for resistance monitoring and developing alternative management strategies for bruchids.
{"title":"Developing practical phosphine fumigation strategies to manage Callosobruchus maculatus F. in stored mungbeans: Laboratory and silo-scale evaluations","authors":"Manoj K. Nayak , Rajeswaran Jagadeesan , Hervoika Pavic , Philip R. Burrill , Gregory J. Daglish","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current research was aimed to establish phosphine efficacy data in the laboratory and field for the management of <em>Callosobruchus maculatus</em> F., a serious pest of pulses. Responses of eggs, adults, and mixed-age populations of two <em>C. maculatus</em> strains were determined against a range of phosphine concentrations at 25 °C. A farm-scale trial involving a sealable silo 11.1 m<sup>3</sup> (8 t capacity) containing mungbeans was also undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of the currently registered rate of tablet formulation of aluminium phosphide in Australia. Multiple field-collected populations of <em>C. maculatus</em> were also screened at two phosphine dose rates to validate the effectiveness of the established protocols. No significant difference was observed between the response of eggs of two reference strains to phosphine, however, nearly two-fold differences were noticed at LC<sub>50</sub> between the adults. For mixed-age populations, there was a significant effect of strain, dose, and exposure period on progeny reduction, as well as a significant interaction between these factors. The efficacy tended to increase with increasing dose and exposure period. There was complete progeny reduction in mixed-age populations fumigated in the silo, where consistently high concentrations [>720 ppm (1 mg L<sup>−1</sup>)] were recorded over the 7-day fumigation. Moreover, the complete control of 10 field populations at the current label rate of phosphine (7 days at 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) confirmed the lack of resistance development in <em>C</em>. <em>maculatus</em>. Future research should focus on establishing a discriminating dose for resistance monitoring and developing alternative management strategies for bruchids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102536
Runsheng Qi , Rui Li , Jie Zhang , Yi Xia , Jianming Du , Jiahui Sun , Long chen , Chengjun Xie , Hui Zhang , Guangyu Li
Monitoring stored grain pests is essential for food security and loss prevention. Traditional pest counting methods, such as bounding box-based and density map-based approaches, face challenges with tiny pests (<5 mm) and dense distributions. Overlapping annotations in bounding box methods lead to over- or under-counting, while density maps ignore isolated pests in sparse regions. Point-based methods improve on isolated pest detection but lack reliability in dense areas. To address these limitations, we propose the Density-Point Network (DP-Net), which integrates density maps and point regression for robust pest counting. DP-Net employs a backbone network to extract image features, which are processed by a Point-Regression Module for pest coordinates and a Density-Map Generating Module for pest distribution. A patch-select strategy combines these outputs to improve counting accuracy. Our experiments, conducted on a dataset of four stored grain pest species, demonstrate that DP-Net achieves an MAE (Mean Absolute Error) of 3.13 and an MSE (Mean Squared Error) of 5.63, outperforming traditional methods. These findings highlight DP-Net's effectiveness in diverse pest density scenarios, making it a promising solution for automated pest monitoring.
{"title":"A density-point network for dense tiny stored grain pest counting","authors":"Runsheng Qi , Rui Li , Jie Zhang , Yi Xia , Jianming Du , Jiahui Sun , Long chen , Chengjun Xie , Hui Zhang , Guangyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring stored grain pests is essential for food security and loss prevention. Traditional pest counting methods, such as bounding box-based and density map-based approaches, face challenges with tiny pests (<5 mm) and dense distributions. Overlapping annotations in bounding box methods lead to over- or under-counting, while density maps ignore isolated pests in sparse regions. Point-based methods improve on isolated pest detection but lack reliability in dense areas. To address these limitations, we propose the Density-Point Network (DP-Net), which integrates density maps and point regression for robust pest counting. DP-Net employs a backbone network to extract image features, which are processed by a Point-Regression Module for pest coordinates and a Density-Map Generating Module for pest distribution. A patch-select strategy combines these outputs to improve counting accuracy. Our experiments, conducted on a dataset of four stored grain pest species, demonstrate that DP-Net achieves an MAE (Mean Absolute Error) of 3.13 and an MSE (Mean Squared Error) of 5.63, outperforming traditional methods. These findings highlight DP-Net's effectiveness in diverse pest density scenarios, making it a promising solution for automated pest monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102550
Abhishek Dasore , Norhashila Hashim , Rosnah Shamsudin , Hasfalina Che Man , Maimunah Mohd Ali , Opeyemi Micheal Ageh
The preservation of freshly harvested glutinous rice (GR) is essential for maintaining its nutritional and economic value. This study examines the impact of storage temperature and duration on key quality attributes, including moisture content (MC), germination growth rate (GGR), water absorption capacity (WAC) and head rice yield (HRY). GR samples were dried at 60 °C and stored under freeze (−10 °C), cold (6 °C), and ambient (∼26 °C) conditions for six months, with biweekly data collection. Statistical analysis using ANOVA revealed that storage duration significantly affected MC, GGR and HRY, while storage temperature primarily influenced MC. The Random Forest (RF) machine learning model demonstrated high predictive performance (R2 > 0.9) with low error values for predicting quality attributes. Hyperparameter tuning (HPT) through grid search optimization further improved the model's performance, as validated by parity plots showing strong alignment (regression slopes >0.8) between predicted and experimental results. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and contour plots provided detailed insights into the influence of storage parameters on quality attributes. This comprehensive approach offers actionable guidance for optimizing GR storage conditions, contributing to food security, and supporting to the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
{"title":"Optimization of machine learning models for predicting glutinous rice quality stored under various conditions","authors":"Abhishek Dasore , Norhashila Hashim , Rosnah Shamsudin , Hasfalina Che Man , Maimunah Mohd Ali , Opeyemi Micheal Ageh","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The preservation of freshly harvested glutinous rice (GR) is essential for maintaining its nutritional and economic value. This study examines the impact of storage temperature and duration on key quality attributes, including moisture content (MC), germination growth rate (GGR), water absorption capacity (WAC) and head rice yield (HRY). GR samples were dried at 60 °C and stored under freeze (−10 °C), cold (6 °C), and ambient (∼26 °C) conditions for six months, with biweekly data collection. Statistical analysis using ANOVA revealed that storage duration significantly affected MC, GGR and HRY, while storage temperature primarily influenced MC. The Random Forest (RF) machine learning model demonstrated high predictive performance (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.9) with low error values for predicting quality attributes. Hyperparameter tuning (HPT) through grid search optimization further improved the model's performance, as validated by parity plots showing strong alignment (regression slopes >0.8) between predicted and experimental results. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and contour plots provided detailed insights into the influence of storage parameters on quality attributes. This comprehensive approach offers actionable guidance for optimizing GR storage conditions, contributing to food security, and supporting to the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102535
J.A. Sadik , L. Righetti , N. Fentahun , I.D. Brouwer , M. Tessema , M. Abera , H.J. van der Fels-Klerx
Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by certain fungal species that affect animal and human health. Data on the relationships between specific traditional storage management practices of sorghum and mycotoxin contamination are rarely available in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to investigate current sorghum storage management practices in major sorghum producer locations in Northwest Ethiopia and their relationships with mycotoxin contamination. Sorghum storage management practices of 120 farmers were surveyed, the occurrence of multiple mycotoxins in samples from their stored sorghum was determined, and potential relationships between the traditional storage management practices and mycotoxin contamination were analyzed. Samples were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS for 33 different mycotoxins. About 88% of the samples were contaminated with at least one mycotoxin. The detected mycotoxins belong to one of the four mycotoxin categories, produced by Aspergillus spp, Fusarium spp, Penicillium spp, and Alternaria spp. From the total, 3%, 7%, and 3% of the samples were contaminated with aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and zearalenone, respectively, above the EU regulatory limits. The measured concentrations that bypassed EU regulatory limits were 9.14, 18.34 and 29.13 (μg/kg) for total aflatoxins, 5.31, 12.50, 14.94, 15.77, 32.94, 56.81, 58.07 and 112.59 (μg/kg) for Ochratoxin A, and 123.48, 238.43 and 431.78 (μg/kg) for Zearalenone, respectively. Logistic regression showed relationships between the traditional storage management practices with mycotoxin contamination. The age and the experience of the Main Person Responsible for Storage management (MPRS), the placement of the storage structure, and the insecticide application showed negative relationships with multi-mycotoxin contamination. On the other hand, the educational status of the MPRS and the type of storage structure showed positive relationships with mycotoxin contamination. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers receive training in proper sorghum storage management to further reduce the mycotoxin contamination in the grain.
{"title":"Storage management practices and mycotoxin contamination of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in northwest Ethiopia","authors":"J.A. Sadik , L. Righetti , N. Fentahun , I.D. Brouwer , M. Tessema , M. Abera , H.J. van der Fels-Klerx","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by certain fungal species that affect animal and human health. Data on the relationships between specific traditional storage management practices of sorghum and mycotoxin contamination are rarely available in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to investigate current sorghum storage management practices in major sorghum producer locations in Northwest Ethiopia and their relationships with mycotoxin contamination. Sorghum storage management practices of 120 farmers were surveyed, the occurrence of multiple mycotoxins in samples from their stored sorghum was determined, and potential relationships between the traditional storage management practices and mycotoxin contamination were analyzed. Samples were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS for 33 different mycotoxins. About 88% of the samples were contaminated with at least one mycotoxin. The detected mycotoxins belong to one of the four mycotoxin categories, produced by <em>Aspergillus</em> spp, <em>Fusarium</em> spp, <em>Penicillium</em> spp, and <em>Alternaria</em> spp. From the total, 3%, 7%, and 3% of the samples were contaminated with aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and zearalenone, respectively, above the EU regulatory limits. The measured concentrations that bypassed EU regulatory limits were 9.14, 18.34 and 29.13 (μg/kg) for total aflatoxins, 5.31, 12.50, 14.94, 15.77, 32.94, 56.81, 58.07 and 112.59 (μg/kg) for Ochratoxin A, and 123.48, 238.43 and 431.78 (μg/kg) for Zearalenone, respectively. Logistic regression showed relationships between the traditional storage management practices with mycotoxin contamination. The age and the experience of the Main Person Responsible for Storage management (MPRS), the placement of the storage structure, and the insecticide application showed negative relationships with multi-mycotoxin contamination. On the other hand, the educational status of the MPRS and the type of storage structure showed positive relationships with mycotoxin contamination. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers receive training in proper sorghum storage management to further reduce the mycotoxin contamination in the grain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soybean was used in fluidized bed drying tests, after rehydrating to 22% [d.b.] by adopting two rehydration methods: the first is by adding distilled water, while the second is by adopting the gravimetric method. Drying of soybeans was performed using a fluidized-bed dryer under air temperature conditions between 40 °C and 60 °C and with an air mass flowrate between 0.010 kg s−1 and 0.034 kg s−1. Luikov's model was adopted to predict the heat and mass transfer phenomena during fluidization process. The experimental results showed that the soybean re-humidified by the gravimetric method gave the highest drying rate of 0.0098 (kg water.kg−1s−1) and the highest germination rate of 88%, with a minimum percentage of cracked grains of 7%. It was concluded from this study that the gravimetric method allows better rewetting of soybeans; while drying of these seeds can be carried out, with minimal loss, at a temperature of 40 °C in fluidized bed dryers.
{"title":"Influence of rewetting method on soybean behaviour during fluidized bed drying, experimental and simulation study","authors":"Noureddine Tellab , Mohamed Hemis , Shubham Subrot Panigrahi , Chandra B. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soybean was used in fluidized bed drying tests, after rehydrating to 22% [d.b.] by adopting two rehydration methods: the first is by adding distilled water, while the second is by adopting the gravimetric method. Drying of soybeans was performed using a fluidized-bed dryer under air temperature conditions between 40 °C and 60 °C and with an air mass flowrate between 0.010 kg s<sup>−1</sup> and 0.034 kg s<sup>−1</sup>. Luikov's model was adopted to predict the heat and mass transfer phenomena during fluidization process. The experimental results showed that the soybean re-humidified by the gravimetric method gave the highest drying rate of 0.0098 (kg water.kg<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>) and the highest germination rate of 88%, with a minimum percentage of cracked grains of 7%. It was concluded from this study that the gravimetric method allows better rewetting of soybeans; while drying of these seeds can be carried out, with minimal loss, at a temperature of 40 °C in fluidized bed dryers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102547
Feizollah Shahbazi , Saba Shahbazi , Mohammad Nadimi , Jitendra Paliwal
Losses in agricultural produce, particularly in grain crops, have a significant impact on society, the economy, and the environment. Despite efforts to increase yields, poor practices before and after harvesting often lead to losses that threaten food and nutrition security. These losses also waste vital resources such as water, land, and energy used in crop production. It is argued that reducing losses is more important and cost-effective than simply focusing on increasing production. Understanding the factors, locations, and types of losses is crucial for developing effective control strategies, requiring specialized research and analysis. Raising public awareness about the causes and prevention of agricultural produce losses is essential. While many studies focus on fruit and vegetables, grain crop losses are often overlooked despite accounting for over 50% of caloric value. This study aims to overview agricultural crop losses, specifically in grain crops, by examining the different types of losses that happen before, during, and after harvesting. This evaluation encompasses a comprehensive look at the supply chain, identifying points where losses occur and investigating their causes. The study also explores potential strategies to mitigate these losses, highlighting effective solutions to improve efficiency and reduce loss throughout the grain supply chain. Taking a holistic approach to this issue can improve food and nutrition security, reduce financial losses, and establish a more sustainable and efficient agricultural system.
{"title":"Losses in agricultural produce: A review of causes and solutions, with a specific focus on grain crops","authors":"Feizollah Shahbazi , Saba Shahbazi , Mohammad Nadimi , Jitendra Paliwal","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Losses in agricultural produce, particularly in grain crops, have a significant impact on society, the economy, and the environment. Despite efforts to increase yields, poor practices before and after harvesting often lead to losses that threaten food and nutrition security. These losses also waste vital resources such as water, land, and energy used in crop production. It is argued that reducing losses is more important and cost-effective than simply focusing on increasing production. Understanding the factors, locations, and types of losses is crucial for developing effective control strategies, requiring specialized research and analysis. Raising public awareness about the causes and prevention of agricultural produce losses is essential. While many studies focus on fruit and vegetables, grain crop losses are often overlooked despite accounting for over 50% of caloric value. This study aims to overview agricultural crop losses, specifically in grain crops, by examining the different types of losses that happen before, during, and after harvesting. This evaluation encompasses a comprehensive look at the supply chain, identifying points where losses occur and investigating their causes. The study also explores potential strategies to mitigate these losses, highlighting effective solutions to improve efficiency and reduce loss throughout the grain supply chain. Taking a holistic approach to this issue can improve food and nutrition security, reduce financial losses, and establish a more sustainable and efficient agricultural system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102545
Manpreet Kaur Saini , Mohammad Shafiq Alam , Anjali Sidhu , Surekha Bhatia
The risks of synthetic insecticides have sparked growing interest in allelochemicals for stored product pest management. Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), the key component of mustard essential oil, is effective against stored-product insect pests but has limitations due to its rapid evaporation, corrosiveness, and low spreadability. AITC scenario lacks its dose optimization, facile and economic method of its application against variety of insect-pests. Herein, AITC fumigant dose has been optimized against Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and Rhyzopertha dominica F. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in chickpea grains by applying on a natural cellulose sponge with pore sizes ranging from 48 μm to 148 μm. Natural cellulose material revealed compatibility with the test chemical with even spread and appropriate fumigant toxicity. Mortality trends revealed more vulnerability of C. chinensis (LC99/24 = 58.96 μl) to AITC than R. dominica (LC99/48 = 142.30 μl). Oviposition deterrence (>90%) and complete inhibition of progeny emergence were achieved with a minimum dose of 40 μl AITC for C. chinensis and 120 μl for R. dominica. To preserve chickpea quality and manage C. chinensis and R. dominica 50 μl and 140 μl, respectively, of AITC was sufficient, ensuring complete economic benefit. This study highlighted AITC-infused cellulose strips as a natural, biodegradable, non-toxic, food-grade solution for controlling insect-pests of chickpea stored in LDPE packets.
{"title":"Effective and Biosafe application of AITC-infused on cellulose strips as a fumigant for managing quality and major insect pests in stored chickpea grains","authors":"Manpreet Kaur Saini , Mohammad Shafiq Alam , Anjali Sidhu , Surekha Bhatia","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The risks of synthetic insecticides have sparked growing interest in allelochemicals for stored product pest management. Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), the key component of mustard essential oil, is effective against stored-product insect pests but has limitations due to its rapid evaporation, corrosiveness, and low spreadability. AITC scenario lacks its dose optimization, facile and economic method of its application against variety of insect-pests. Herein, AITC fumigant dose has been optimized against <em>Callosobruchus chinensis</em> L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and <em>Rhyzopertha dominica</em> F. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in chickpea grains by applying on a natural cellulose sponge with pore sizes ranging from 48 μm to 148 μm. Natural cellulose material revealed compatibility with the test chemical with even spread and appropriate fumigant toxicity. Mortality trends revealed more vulnerability of <em>C. chinensis</em> (LC<sub>99/24</sub> = 58.96 μl) to AITC than <em>R. dominica</em> (LC<sub>99/48</sub> = 142.30 μl). Oviposition deterrence (>90%) and complete inhibition of progeny emergence were achieved with a minimum dose of 40 μl AITC for <em>C. chinensis</em> and 120 μl for <em>R. dominica</em>. To preserve chickpea quality and manage <em>C. chinensis</em> and <em>R. dominica</em> 50 μl and 140 μl, respectively, of AITC was sufficient, ensuring complete economic benefit. This study highlighted AITC-infused cellulose strips as a natural, biodegradable, non-toxic, food-grade solution for controlling insect-pests of chickpea stored in LDPE packets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102542
Pengming Hu , Shanshan Duan , Weidong Yang
The grain moisture content detection is crucial for ensuring food security. The existing grain moisture detection schemes based on radio frequency (RF) signals have the defects of low flexibility or dependence on a large amount of training data. Thus, this paper proposes a wheat moisture detection system based on millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar time of flight (ToF), termed mm-Smc, which is an efficient and easy-to-deploy intelligent agricultural system based on a mathematical model. The linear fitting function between the multi-antenna average relative ToF (MAAR-ToF) and the moisture content is used as a moisture detection model. Moreover, an adaptive threshold wavelet denoising method for suppressing random noise in radar-received signals is developed. The Zoom Fast Fourier Transform (ZoomFFT) is used to enhance system accuracy. We implement a prototype system using existing commercial mmWave radar and measure six different moisture wheat samples within the range of 10%–15.1%. The results show that the overall detection error of the system is less than 4%.
{"title":"Non-contact wheat moisture detection based on mmWave radar ToF","authors":"Pengming Hu , Shanshan Duan , Weidong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The grain moisture content detection is crucial for ensuring food security. The existing grain moisture detection schemes based on radio frequency (RF) signals have the defects of low flexibility or dependence on a large amount of training data. Thus, this paper proposes a wheat moisture detection system based on millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar time of flight (ToF), termed mm-Smc, which is an efficient and easy-to-deploy intelligent agricultural system based on a mathematical model. The linear fitting function between the multi-antenna average relative ToF (MAAR-ToF) and the moisture content is used as a moisture detection model. Moreover, an adaptive threshold wavelet denoising method for suppressing random noise in radar-received signals is developed. The Zoom Fast Fourier Transform (ZoomFFT) is used to enhance system accuracy. We implement a prototype system using existing commercial mmWave radar and measure six different moisture wheat samples within the range of 10%–15.1%. The results show that the overall detection error of the system is less than 4%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17019,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stored Products Research","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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