There is currently no consensus regarding the use of intravenous fluid therapy in feline patients post-blood donation in veterinary medicine. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether blood donation can be performed safely without post-donation intravenous fluid therapy. The secondary aim was to report owner-noted post-donation changes.
Materials and Methods
The study aimed to enrol 100 conscious feline blood donations by client-owned cats performed at a veterinary teaching hospital. Donors were randomised to either receive intravenous compound sodium lactate (twice the volume of blood donated over 2 hours) immediately after blood donation, or to receive no post-blood donation intravenous fluid therapy. Systolic blood pressure was measured non-invasively at 0, 60 and 120 minutes post-donation. Median blood pressures were compared between the two groups using a Shapiro-Wilk test. Owners were called the day following the donation to collect information on changes in their cat post-donation.
Results
One hundred cats were enrolled and the data of 97 cats were analysed; 46 who received intravenous fluid therapy and 51 who did not. Mean donation volume was 9.95 mL/kg for the intravenous fluid therapy group and 9.72 mL/kg for the non-intravenous fluid therapy group. At each time point, the median blood pressure did not differ significantly between the two groups. The main reported changes in both goups were bruising at the venepuncture site with 27.3% (12/44) in the IVFT group and 23.4% (9/37) in the no-IVFT group, and mild lethargy up to a maximum of 24 hours post donation with 11.4% (5/44) in the IVFT group and 18.9% (7/37) in the no-IVFT group.
Clinical Significance
This study suggests that the use of intravenous fluid therapy post-feline blood donation may not be necessary. This could mean reduced hospitalisation time for feline donors, possibly decreasing feline stress.
{"title":"Intravenous fluid therapy compared to no treatment following blood donation in cats: a randomised controlled trial","authors":"M. Guedra Allais, K. Humm","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13760","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13760","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is currently no consensus regarding the use of intravenous fluid therapy in feline patients post-blood donation in veterinary medicine. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether blood donation can be performed safely without post-donation intravenous fluid therapy. The secondary aim was to report owner-noted post-donation changes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study aimed to enrol 100 conscious feline blood donations by client-owned cats performed at a veterinary teaching hospital. Donors were randomised to either receive intravenous compound sodium lactate (twice the volume of blood donated over 2 hours) immediately after blood donation, or to receive no post-blood donation intravenous fluid therapy. Systolic blood pressure was measured non-invasively at 0, 60 and 120 minutes post-donation. Median blood pressures were compared between the two groups using a Shapiro-Wilk test. Owners were called the day following the donation to collect information on changes in their cat post-donation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred cats were enrolled and the data of 97 cats were analysed; 46 who received intravenous fluid therapy and 51 who did not. Mean donation volume was 9.95 mL/kg for the intravenous fluid therapy group and 9.72 mL/kg for the non-intravenous fluid therapy group. At each time point, the median blood pressure did not differ significantly between the two groups. The main reported changes in both goups were bruising at the venepuncture site with 27.3% (12/44) in the IVFT group and 23.4% (9/37) in the no-IVFT group, and mild lethargy up to a maximum of 24 hours post donation with 11.4% (5/44) in the IVFT group and 18.9% (7/37) in the no-IVFT group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study suggests that the use of intravenous fluid therapy post-feline blood donation may not be necessary. This could mean reduced hospitalisation time for feline donors, possibly decreasing feline stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jsap.13760","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141580059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the risk factors (age and breed group) associated with Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis infection in dogs.
Materials and Methods
Faecal examinations obtained in dogs from January 2016 to December 2021 as part of routine clinical practice at two veterinary clinics in the Odsherred region of Zealand, Denmark, were included in this study. Faecal samples were analysed using the Baermann technique for nematode detection. Samples were collected from two clinics located in Northwestern Zealand, Denmark. Multinomial regression analysis, quasi-Poisson models and a generalised additive model for linearity were used to analyse the data.
Results
A total of 2,013 faecal samples were included in the study. Age was a significant risk factor for a positive Baermann, with a negative linear relationship observed (A. vasorum odds ratio: 0.80, 95% confidence interval: 0.70 to 0.91, C. vulpis odds ratio: 0.95, 95% confidence interval: 0.91 to 0.99, both nematodes: odds ratio: 0.87, 95% confidence interval: 0.77 to 0.99). Breed group analysis considering retrievers and flushing and water dog as reference group, demonstrated that sheep- and cattle dogs had a reduced risk of C. vulpis infection (odds ratio: 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.24 to 0.97), whereas dachshunds had an increased risk of A. vasorum infection (odds ratio: 3.28, 95% confidence interval: 1.14 to 9.47). Variations in the number of nematodes was found, with companion and toy dogs exhibiting higher numbers of C. vulpis (incidence rate ratio: 21.40, 95% confidence interval: 2.88 to 159) and sheep- and cattle dogs displaying higher numbers of A. vasorum (incidence rate ratio: 30.20, 95% confidence interval: 7.33 to 125). The prevalence rates of C. vulpis and A. vasorum were estimated at 14.50% (95% confidence interval: 13 to 16.10) and 3.40% (95% confidence interval: 2.70 to 4.30), respectively.
Clinical Significance
There are significant risk factors for nematode infection in dogs that can be considered for proper preventive care of this condition.
{"title":"Epidemiology of Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis infection in dogs in Denmark","authors":"K. Lundsgaard","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13762","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13762","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the risk factors (age and breed group) associated with <i>Angiostrongylus vasorum</i> and <i>Crenosoma vulpis</i> infection in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Faecal examinations obtained in dogs from January 2016 to December 2021 as part of routine clinical practice at two veterinary clinics in the Odsherred region of Zealand, Denmark, were included in this study. Faecal samples were analysed using the Baermann technique for nematode detection. Samples were collected from two clinics located in Northwestern Zealand, Denmark. Multinomial regression analysis, quasi-Poisson models and a generalised additive model for linearity were used to analyse the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 2,013 faecal samples were included in the study. Age was a significant risk factor for a positive Baermann, with a negative linear relationship observed (<i>A. vasorum</i> odds ratio: 0.80, 95% confidence interval: 0.70 to 0.91, <i>C. vulpis</i> odds ratio: 0.95, 95% confidence interval: 0.91 to 0.99, both nematodes: odds ratio: 0.87, 95% confidence interval: 0.77 to 0.99). Breed group analysis considering retrievers and flushing and water dog as reference group, demonstrated that sheep- and cattle dogs had a reduced risk of <i>C. vulpis</i> infection (odds ratio: 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.24 to 0.97), whereas dachshunds had an increased risk of <i>A. vasorum</i> infection (odds ratio: 3.28, 95% confidence interval: 1.14 to 9.47). Variations in the number of nematodes was found, with companion and toy dogs exhibiting higher numbers of <i>C. vulpis</i> (incidence rate ratio: 21.40, 95% confidence interval: 2.88 to 159) and sheep- and cattle dogs displaying higher numbers of <i>A. vasorum</i> (incidence rate ratio: 30.20, 95% confidence interval: 7.33 to 125). The prevalence rates of <i>C. vulpis</i> and <i>A. vasorum</i> were estimated at 14.50% (95% confidence interval: 13 to 16.10) and 3.40% (95% confidence interval: 2.70 to 4.30), respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are significant risk factors for nematode infection in dogs that can be considered for proper preventive care of this condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. R. Nalborczyk, E. Hall, R. Cappello, G. Polton, A. Groth
An 11-year-old Belgian shepherd presented with progressive right thoracic limb lameness. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a brachial plexus neoplasm and cytology was suggestive of a sarcoma. The patient underwent forequarter amputation and hemilaminectomy of the fifth cervical to first thoracic vertebrae with nerve root transection. Histopathology confirmed extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Twelve months post-operatively, the dog was exercising normally, and computed tomography did not identify local recurrence or metastatic disease. This is the first recorded case of canine brachial plexus extraskeletal osteosarcoma.
{"title":"Diagnosis and surgical management of an extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the brachial plexus in a Belgian shepherd dog","authors":"Z. R. Nalborczyk, E. Hall, R. Cappello, G. Polton, A. Groth","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13757","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13757","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An 11-year-old Belgian shepherd presented with progressive right thoracic limb lameness. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a brachial plexus neoplasm and cytology was suggestive of a sarcoma. The patient underwent forequarter amputation and hemilaminectomy of the fifth cervical to first thoracic vertebrae with nerve root transection. Histopathology confirmed extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Twelve months post-operatively, the dog was exercising normally, and computed tomography did not identify local recurrence or metastatic disease. This is the first recorded case of canine brachial plexus extraskeletal osteosarcoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sugimoto, K. Arai, Y. Mochizuki, N. Akashi, R. Yoshitake, K. Kutara
{"title":"Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in a dog","authors":"K. Sugimoto, K. Arai, Y. Mochizuki, N. Akashi, R. Yoshitake, K. Kutara","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13761","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13761","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Rzeszutek, F. Allerton, C. Au, I. Bras, A. Briggs, H. Broome, T. Gamston, S. Parton, J. Raj, G. M. Rossell, O. Russell, T. Sparks, J. Bazelle
Objectives
This retrospective cohort multicentre study aimed to characterise the signalment, clinicopathologic data, complications and the association between treatment and outcome (the reduction in ionised calcium concentration) in cats with idiopathic or chronic kidney disease-associated ionised hypercalcaemia managed with alendronate and standard treatment or standard treatment alone, and to compare the outcome between the two groups.
Materials and Methods
Medical records for cats diagnosed with idiopathic or chronic kidney disease-associated ionised hypercalcaemia were retrospectively reviewed. Cats treated with alendronate and standard treatment were assigned to the alendronate group and cats treated with standard treatment alone were assigned to the control group. The standard treatment was defined as dietary modification and/or monitoring of ionised calcium concentrations and management of complications secondary to hypercalcaemia. The follow-up period was selected as 6 months.
Results
Twenty-nine cats were enrolled in the study. Nine cats were included in the control group and 20 cats in the alendronate group. A significant reduction in serum ionised calcium was observed in both groups between the baseline and the follow-up visit; however, this reduction did not differ significantly between both groups (the mean change in the ionised calcium concentration in alendronate and control group was −0.18 and −0.17, respectively). Suspected bisphosphate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw was reported in one cat receiving alendronate.
Clinical Significance
In this study, similar reduction in serum ionised calcium concentration was observed in cats with ionised hypercalcaemia treated with diet alone and in cats treated with diet and alendronate. These results should be interpreted with caution, as the study was underpowered for meaningful statistical comparison. Cats receiving alendronate should be monitored for the development of adverse reactions, including osteonecrosis of the jaw.
{"title":"Assessment of alendronate and dietary treatment in the management of feline idiopathic ionised hypercalcaemia and ionised hypercalcaemia associated with chronic kidney disease: 29 cases (2016-2022)","authors":"U. Rzeszutek, F. Allerton, C. Au, I. Bras, A. Briggs, H. Broome, T. Gamston, S. Parton, J. Raj, G. M. Rossell, O. Russell, T. Sparks, J. Bazelle","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13755","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13755","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort multicentre study aimed to characterise the signalment, clinicopathologic data, complications and the association between treatment and outcome (the reduction in ionised calcium concentration) in cats with idiopathic or chronic kidney disease-associated ionised hypercalcaemia managed with alendronate and standard treatment or standard treatment alone, and to compare the outcome between the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Medical records for cats diagnosed with idiopathic or chronic kidney disease-associated ionised hypercalcaemia were retrospectively reviewed. Cats treated with alendronate and standard treatment were assigned to the alendronate group and cats treated with standard treatment alone were assigned to the control group. The standard treatment was defined as dietary modification and/or monitoring of ionised calcium concentrations and management of complications secondary to hypercalcaemia. The follow-up period was selected as 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-nine cats were enrolled in the study. Nine cats were included in the control group and 20 cats in the alendronate group. A significant reduction in serum ionised calcium was observed in both groups between the baseline and the follow-up visit; however, this reduction did not differ significantly between both groups (the mean change in the ionised calcium concentration in alendronate and control group was −0.18 and −0.17, respectively). Suspected bisphosphate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw was reported in one cat receiving alendronate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, similar reduction in serum ionised calcium concentration was observed in cats with ionised hypercalcaemia treated with diet alone and in cats treated with diet and alendronate. These results should be interpreted with caution, as the study was underpowered for meaningful statistical comparison. Cats receiving alendronate should be monitored for the development of adverse reactions, including osteonecrosis of the jaw.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Lu, D.-X. Zhu, Z. Wu, L. Liu, F.-X. Hao, Z.-H. Jiang, W.-X. Xu
Objectives
Adiponectin plays an important role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. However, the evidence regarding the association between adiponectin and diabetes mellitus in obese dogs is sparse. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations of adiponectin with the risk of diabetes mellitus in obese dogs on the basis of a prospective cohort study.
Materials and Methods
Serum adiponectin levels in obese dogs recruited from three small animal hospitals between 2015 and 2018 were measured by ELISA. Electronic health records were used to record the incidence of diabetes mellitus during follow-up for 3 years.
Results
A total of 862 dogs were included. Amongst the 862 dogs, 51 developed diabetes. Adiponectin levels were associated with diabetes mellitus after adjusting for sex, age, breed, exercise, body condition score, fasting plasma glucose, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol. When adjusting for sex, age, breed, exercise, body condition score, fasting plasma glucose, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol, the adjusted hazard ratios were 7.83 (95% confidence interval: 2.67 to 30.13) in the lowest adiponectin group and 1.96 (95% CI: 1.10 to 8.55) in the medium adiponectin group relative to that in the highest adiponectin group. The area under a curve of adiponectin's Receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.76 to 0.86).
Clinical Significance
Low adiponectin is associated with diabetes mellitus and has a high risk of incident diabetes mellitus, implying the potential of adiponectin as a predictive biomarker of diabetes mellitus in obese dogs.
{"title":"Low serum adiponectin levels are associated with an increased risk of diabetes in obese dogs","authors":"J. Lu, D.-X. Zhu, Z. Wu, L. Liu, F.-X. Hao, Z.-H. Jiang, W.-X. Xu","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13758","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13758","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adiponectin plays an important role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. However, the evidence regarding the association between adiponectin and diabetes mellitus in obese dogs is sparse. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations of adiponectin with the risk of diabetes mellitus in obese dogs on the basis of a prospective cohort study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum adiponectin levels in obese dogs recruited from three small animal hospitals between 2015 and 2018 were measured by ELISA. Electronic health records were used to record the incidence of diabetes mellitus during follow-up for 3 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 862 dogs were included. Amongst the 862 dogs, 51 developed diabetes. Adiponectin levels were associated with diabetes mellitus after adjusting for sex, age, breed, exercise, body condition score, fasting plasma glucose, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol. When adjusting for sex, age, breed, exercise, body condition score, fasting plasma glucose, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol, the adjusted hazard ratios were 7.83 (95% confidence interval: 2.67 to 30.13) in the lowest adiponectin group and 1.96 (95% CI: 1.10 to 8.55) in the medium adiponectin group relative to that in the highest adiponectin group. The area under a curve of adiponectin's Receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.76 to 0.86).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low adiponectin is associated with diabetes mellitus and has a high risk of incident diabetes mellitus, implying the potential of adiponectin as a predictive biomarker of diabetes mellitus in obese dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. M. N. Henry, A. M. Boag, J. R. S. Dandrieux, R. Rossi, G. A. Woods
Objectives
The aim was to assess the technical success of percutaneous ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirates of gastrointestinal wall lesions and evaluate predictors of success. Secondary aims included comparing the cytological diagnosis with histopathology, evaluating the utility of concurrent locoregional lymph node cytology and assessing the procedure's complication rate.
Material and Methods
Gastrointestinal wall cytology from 75 dogs and 70 cats obtained between 2018 and 2023 were reviewed and categorised as successful (resulting in a diagnostic cytology report) and accurate (resulting in the correct diagnosis when compared to histopathology). Unsuccessful fine needle aspirates, not submitted for cytology, were not recorded. Variables recorded included animal signalment, lesion and lymph node's appearance on ultrasound, size, location, number of smears submitted and experience of the ultrasonographer.
Results
One hundred and fifty-two reports were analysed. Eighty-eight (58%) were successful: three normal epithelium, 21 inflammatory processes and 64 neoplasms. Variables associated with increased technical success included description of a mass, higher number of slides submitted and thickness of gastrointestinal lesion on ultrasound. Comparison with histopathology, performed for 17 lesions, showed discrepancies in eight, complete agreement in seven and partial in two. Eighty-four loco-regional lymph nodes were sampled, of which, 67 were successful (80%) and 52 brought additional clinical information (supporting GI wall cytology or diagnosing neoplasia not identified on GI wall cytology). No complication strictly attributable to gastrointestinal wall sampling was reported but when possibly related, death of the patient occurred in 2.5% of cases.
Clinical Significance
Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirate of gastrointestinal wall had moderate accuracy and was unsuccessful in 42% of cases, but technical success increased when sampling mass lesions, thicker intestinal layers and submitting more slides.
{"title":"Diagnostic yield of percutaneous, ultrasound-guided, fine needle aspirates of the gastrointestinal wall: a retrospective analysis of 152 samples","authors":"P. M. N. Henry, A. M. Boag, J. R. S. Dandrieux, R. Rossi, G. A. Woods","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13759","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13759","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim was to assess the technical success of percutaneous ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirates of gastrointestinal wall lesions and evaluate predictors of success. Secondary aims included comparing the cytological diagnosis with histopathology, evaluating the utility of concurrent locoregional lymph node cytology and assessing the procedure's complication rate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastrointestinal wall cytology from 75 dogs and 70 cats obtained between 2018 and 2023 were reviewed and categorised as successful (resulting in a diagnostic cytology report) and accurate (resulting in the correct diagnosis when compared to histopathology). Unsuccessful fine needle aspirates, not submitted for cytology, were not recorded. Variables recorded included animal signalment, lesion and lymph node's appearance on ultrasound, size, location, number of smears submitted and experience of the ultrasonographer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and fifty-two reports were analysed. Eighty-eight (58%) were successful: three normal epithelium, 21 inflammatory processes and 64 neoplasms. Variables associated with increased technical success included description of a mass, higher number of slides submitted and thickness of gastrointestinal lesion on ultrasound. Comparison with histopathology, performed for 17 lesions, showed discrepancies in eight, complete agreement in seven and partial in two. Eighty-four loco-regional lymph nodes were sampled, of which, 67 were successful (80%) and 52 brought additional clinical information (supporting GI wall cytology or diagnosing neoplasia not identified on GI wall cytology). No complication strictly attributable to gastrointestinal wall sampling was reported but when possibly related, death of the patient occurred in 2.5% of cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirate of gastrointestinal wall had moderate accuracy and was unsuccessful in 42% of cases, but technical success increased when sampling mass lesions, thicker intestinal layers and submitting more slides.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jsap.13759","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Maurice, B. Dekerle, P. Garnier, A. Fournet, J. Vial, V. Freiche, V. Viateau, M. Manassero
Objectives
To describe the use, complications and outcome of Finney or Jaboulay pyloroplasties for the treatment of benign gastric outlet lesions in dogs and cats.
Materials and Methods
The medical records of dogs and cats surgically treated with Finney or Jaboulay pyloroplasty for benign gastric outflow tract disease in three institutions between January 1, 2015 and August 31, 2023 were retrospectively reviewed.
Results
Eight dogs and five cats were diagnosed with benign obstructive or perforating gastric outlet lesions, including chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy (n = 4), perforating pyloro-duodenal peptic ulcer (4), sub-obstructive pyloro-duodenal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (2) and antral or proximal duodenal obstructive mass (3). Nine cases were treated using hand-sewn Finney pyloroplasty and four cases were treated using stapled Jaboulay pyloroplasty. No major complications were recorded. Cases were followed for a median of 16.1 [11 to 29.6] months. At the last follow-up, the outcome was excellent in all cases, with no clinical signs recorded and no medical treatment required.
Clinical Significance
This case series suggests that Finney and Jaboulay pyloroplasties were safe and effective procedures for the surgical treatment of benign obstructive or perforating gastric outlet lesions in dogs and cats.
{"title":"Finney and Jaboulay pyloroplasties for the treatment of benign gastric outlet lesions in dogs and cats: technique and outcome in 13 cases (2015-2024)","authors":"E. Maurice, B. Dekerle, P. Garnier, A. Fournet, J. Vial, V. Freiche, V. Viateau, M. Manassero","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13754","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13754","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the use, complications and outcome of Finney or Jaboulay pyloroplasties for the treatment of benign gastric outlet lesions in dogs and cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The medical records of dogs and cats surgically treated with Finney or Jaboulay pyloroplasty for benign gastric outflow tract disease in three institutions between January 1, 2015 and August 31, 2023 were retrospectively reviewed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eight dogs and five cats were diagnosed with benign obstructive or perforating gastric outlet lesions, including chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy (<i>n</i> = 4), perforating pyloro-duodenal peptic ulcer (4), sub-obstructive pyloro-duodenal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (2) and antral or proximal duodenal obstructive mass (3). Nine cases were treated using hand-sewn Finney pyloroplasty and four cases were treated using stapled Jaboulay pyloroplasty. No major complications were recorded. Cases were followed for a median of 16.1 [11 to 29.6] months. At the last follow-up, the outcome was excellent in all cases, with no clinical signs recorded and no medical treatment required.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case series suggests that Finney and Jaboulay pyloroplasties were safe and effective procedures for the surgical treatment of benign obstructive or perforating gastric outlet lesions in dogs and cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jsap.13754","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141419627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Romagnoli, N. Krekeler, K. de Cramer, M. Kutzler, R. McCarthy, S. Schaefer-Somi
During the second half of the last century, dogs and cats have gained an important place in many households and their numbers have increased remarkably in many countries. While there are anecdotal estimates of pet ownership by country provided on websites and in the lay literature, there is a lack of peer-reviewed data on the actual world population of dogs and cats, both owned and unowned. These animals may easily reproduce once they achieve puberty if not constantly under control. Therefore, veterinarians are continuously presented with requests to contain or eliminate reproductive behaviour or fertility as a whole in owned dogs and cats.
The increased presence of small animals in our homes has been paralleled by an increase in dog and cat populations in suburban areas where free-roaming stray or unsupervised animals reproduce uncontrolled, causing public health concerns. Animal shelters in many areas are overcrowded by dogs and cats. Proactive rehoming, adoption and sterilisation policies are being promoted in many parts of the world. However, shelter populations seem to have remained stable and have, despite all these efforts, increased in some countries/areas/municipalities (Crawford et al., 2019). Therefore, controlling dog and cat reproduction has always been a key issue for veterinarians working in animal welfare organisations and for small animal practitioners alike.
The historical approach to controlling dog and cat reproduction has been through surgical gonadectomy. For males, multiple surgical methods, approaches and means of haemostasis have been utilised with success and precise technique is generally based on surgeon experience and preference. For females, removal of all (ovariohysterectomy, OHE) or part (subtotal ovariohysterectomy; SOHE) of the uterus may be performed concomitantly with removal of the gonads. While many veterinary textbooks describe the OHE procedure with ligatures placed and subsequent transection made at the level of the uterine body, it is important to recognise that this is both anatomically and physiologically incorrect. Some portion of the uterus will inevitably remain in the patient and therefore what is being performed, is a SOHE (Mejia et al., 2020). SOHE should be avoided as it exposes the female to the risk of developing a uterine stump condition should an ovarian remnant be present, or a progestogen treatment administered at a later date. Ovariectomy (OE) alone is quicker, uses a smaller incision and is associated with less potential complications (Okkens et al., 1997). Consequently, in the absence of uterine pathology, and if lack of gonadal hormones is both predicted and desired, these guidelines recommend OE as the preferred surgical procedure for sterilisation of female dogs and cats.
Laparoscopic sterilisation is less painful and provides better visualisation of all pertinent structures, especially in small breed dogs. Owner familiarity
{"title":"WSAVA guidelines for the control of reproduction in dogs and cats","authors":"S. Romagnoli, N. Krekeler, K. de Cramer, M. Kutzler, R. McCarthy, S. Schaefer-Somi","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13724","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13724","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During the second half of the last century, dogs and cats have gained an important place in many households and their numbers have increased remarkably in many countries. While there are anecdotal estimates of pet ownership by country provided on websites and in the lay literature, there is a lack of peer-reviewed data on the actual world population of dogs and cats, both owned and unowned. These animals may easily reproduce once they achieve puberty if not constantly under control. Therefore, veterinarians are continuously presented with requests to contain or eliminate reproductive behaviour or fertility as a whole in owned dogs and cats.</p><p>The increased presence of small animals in our homes has been paralleled by an increase in dog and cat populations in suburban areas where free-roaming stray or unsupervised animals reproduce uncontrolled, causing public health concerns. Animal shelters in many areas are overcrowded by dogs and cats. Proactive rehoming, adoption and sterilisation policies are being promoted in many parts of the world. However, shelter populations seem to have remained stable and have, despite all these efforts, increased in some countries/areas/municipalities (Crawford et al., <span>2019</span>). Therefore, controlling dog and cat reproduction has always been a key issue for veterinarians working in animal welfare organisations and for small animal practitioners alike.</p><p>The historical approach to controlling dog and cat reproduction has been through surgical gonadectomy. For males, multiple surgical methods, approaches and means of haemostasis have been utilised with success and precise technique is generally based on surgeon experience and preference. For females, removal of all (ovariohysterectomy, OHE) or part (subtotal ovariohysterectomy; SOHE) of the uterus may be performed concomitantly with removal of the gonads. While many veterinary textbooks describe the OHE procedure with ligatures placed and subsequent transection made at the level of the uterine body, it is important to recognise that this is both anatomically and physiologically incorrect. Some portion of the uterus will inevitably remain in the patient and therefore what is being performed, is a SOHE (Mejia et al., <span>2020</span>). SOHE should be avoided as it exposes the female to the risk of developing a uterine stump condition should an ovarian remnant be present, or a progestogen treatment administered at a later date. Ovariectomy (OE) alone is quicker, uses a smaller incision and is associated with less potential complications (Okkens et al., <span>1997</span>). Consequently, in the absence of uterine pathology, and if lack of gonadal hormones is both predicted and desired, these guidelines recommend OE as the preferred surgical procedure for sterilisation of female dogs and cats.</p><p>Laparoscopic sterilisation is less painful and provides better visualisation of all pertinent structures, especially in small breed dogs. Owner familiarity ","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jsap.13724","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Morganti, G. Rigamonti, M. C. Marchesi, G. Maggi, G. Angeli, I. Moretta, L. Brustenga, M. Diaferia, F. Veronesi
Objectives
Studies in humans have demonstrated the role of Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite, in epileptic seizures. This study aimed to investigate the serological correlation between T. gondii and N. caninum and epilepsy in dogs.
Materials and Methods
The medical record database of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Perugia, was searched for dogs serologically tested by IFAT for T. gondii and N. caninum and following specific inclusion criteria. Dogs were stratified by having a clinical diagnosis of epilepsy or suffering different conditions.
Results
One-hundred and twenty-eight dogs were included, 64 with epilepsy and 64 without clinical signs of epilepsy. Seventeen of the 64 epileptic dogs (26.6%; 95% CI: 15.7% to 37.4%) and twenty-one of the 64 non-epileptic dogs (32.8%; 95% CI: 21.3% to 44.3%) tested positive for T. gondii. Eight of the epileptic dogs (12.5%; 95% CI: 4.4% to 20.6%) and three of the non-epileptic dogs (4.7%; 95% CI: 0% to 9.9%) tested positive for N. caninum. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of T. gondii or N. caninum seroreactivity between epileptic and non-epileptic dogs.
Clinical Significance
The results obtained do not seem to support the role of T. gondii and N. caninum as causative agents of dog epilepsy.
{"title":"Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection in epileptic dogs","authors":"G. Morganti, G. Rigamonti, M. C. Marchesi, G. Maggi, G. Angeli, I. Moretta, L. Brustenga, M. Diaferia, F. Veronesi","doi":"10.1111/jsap.13735","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsap.13735","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies in humans have demonstrated the role of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, a protozoan parasite, in epileptic seizures. This study aimed to investigate the serological correlation between <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>N. caninum</i> and epilepsy in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The medical record database of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Perugia, was searched for dogs serologically tested by IFAT for <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>N. caninum</i> and following specific inclusion criteria. Dogs were stratified by having a clinical diagnosis of epilepsy or suffering different conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One-hundred and twenty-eight dogs were included, 64 with epilepsy and 64 without clinical signs of epilepsy. Seventeen of the 64 epileptic dogs (26.6%; 95% CI: 15.7% to 37.4%) and twenty-one of the 64 non-epileptic dogs (32.8%; 95% CI: 21.3% to 44.3%) tested positive for <i>T. gondii</i>. Eight of the epileptic dogs (12.5%; 95% CI: 4.4% to 20.6%) and three of the non-epileptic dogs (4.7%; 95% CI: 0% to 9.9%) tested positive for <i>N. caninum</i>. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of <i>T. gondii</i> or <i>N. caninum</i> seroreactivity between epileptic and non-epileptic dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results obtained do not seem to support the role of <i>T. gondii</i> and <i>N. caninum</i> as causative agents of dog epilepsy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Small Animal Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140958123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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