Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2478/azibna-2023-0016
Olurotimi A. Olafadehan, Abubakar Gero, Sunday A. Okunade, Ahmed E. Kholif, Philips A. Adewuyi, Ayoola J. Shoyombo, Efiong E. Onwih, Emmanuel U. Anaso
Abstract This study investigated the response of intake, ruminal fermentation, digestibility, N utilisation and growth performance in goats fed concentrate partially substituted with Parkia biglobosa foliage (PBF). Fifteen goats were randomly assigned to a control concentrate diet (PBF0) which was partially substituted with 25% PBF (PBF25) or 50% PBF (PBF50) on dry matter (DM) basis. Concentrate, TST and non-fibre carbohydrates intakes (linear and quadratic, P<0.001), digestible organic matter (DOM; linear, P=0.001) and urinary N (linear, P=0.039) decreased with increased PBF level. Condensed tannins intake, fibre fractions and cellulose digestibility, faecal N (linear and quadratic, P<0.05) and ruminal pH (quadratic, P=0.001) increased with increasing PBF level. Average daily gain, DM and crude protein (CP) digestibility, N intake and retention (quadratic, P<0.05), organic matter and hemicellulose digestibility, DM and nutrient intakes, energy concentration, ruminally-fermented DOM and microbial protein synthesis (linear and quadratic, P<0.05), and digestible CP and volatile fatty acids (linear, P<0.05) increased as PBF level increased. Feed:gain ratio and total N excretion (quadratic, P<0.05), and ruminal total N and ammonia N (linear and quadratic, P<0.05) decreased in PBF25. It is concluded that PBF is a cost-effective alternative supplement which could reduce the quantity of concentrate for goat feeding by 50%.
{"title":"Partial substitution of concentrate with <i>Parkia biglobosa</i> foliage improves feed utilisation and performance of goats","authors":"Olurotimi A. Olafadehan, Abubakar Gero, Sunday A. Okunade, Ahmed E. Kholif, Philips A. Adewuyi, Ayoola J. Shoyombo, Efiong E. Onwih, Emmanuel U. Anaso","doi":"10.2478/azibna-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/azibna-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated the response of intake, ruminal fermentation, digestibility, N utilisation and growth performance in goats fed concentrate partially substituted with Parkia biglobosa foliage (PBF). Fifteen goats were randomly assigned to a control concentrate diet (PBF0) which was partially substituted with 25% PBF (PBF25) or 50% PBF (PBF50) on dry matter (DM) basis. Concentrate, TST and non-fibre carbohydrates intakes (linear and quadratic, P<0.001), digestible organic matter (DOM; linear, P=0.001) and urinary N (linear, P=0.039) decreased with increased PBF level. Condensed tannins intake, fibre fractions and cellulose digestibility, faecal N (linear and quadratic, P<0.05) and ruminal pH (quadratic, P=0.001) increased with increasing PBF level. Average daily gain, DM and crude protein (CP) digestibility, N intake and retention (quadratic, P<0.05), organic matter and hemicellulose digestibility, DM and nutrient intakes, energy concentration, ruminally-fermented DOM and microbial protein synthesis (linear and quadratic, P<0.05), and digestible CP and volatile fatty acids (linear, P<0.05) increased as PBF level increased. Feed:gain ratio and total N excretion (quadratic, P<0.05), and ruminal total N and ammonia N (linear and quadratic, P<0.05) decreased in PBF25. It is concluded that PBF is a cost-effective alternative supplement which could reduce the quantity of concentrate for goat feeding by 50%.","PeriodicalId":170796,"journal":{"name":"Archiva Zootechnica","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2478/azibna-2023-0014
Mihail Alexandru Gras, Cătălin Mircea Rotar, Horia Grosu, Rodica Ștefania Pelmuș, Cristina Lazăr
Abstract In Romania, the livestock is very scattered on the diverse environmental conditions. Due to difficulties regarding data collection, with the help of genomic selection, the paradigm of genetic improvement of economical traits in Romanian cattle breeds can be changed. Population studied in this paper consist in animals genotyped using 60k SNP panel. Association studies were performed for estimate the effect of SNP polymorphism on milk yield at 305 days. Genetic evaluation was compared under four statistical methodologies were compared under six scenarios 5k, 10k, 15k, 20k, 25k and 37k SNP panels. High association with phenotypes were displayed by 38 SNP’s. Generally, accuracy of the studied models, tend to increase with complexity (informational input). The model with the lowest accuracy was Sire-Model (36.6% accuracy). Adding information in Animal Model increase accuracy of estimation and finally, adding genomic information the accuracy was maximized to 69.9%. For each lactation all the statistical models return highly correlated breeding values. The highest (97.2%) and the lowest (79.2%) rank correlation are registered between Test-Day and Animal Model for the first and second lactation. Genomic evaluation is a more feasible methodology than classical breeding value estimation, in term of accuracy of selection and the quality of the parentage information.
{"title":"Preliminary study regarding use of genomic selection in Romanian cattle breeds evaluation","authors":"Mihail Alexandru Gras, Cătălin Mircea Rotar, Horia Grosu, Rodica Ștefania Pelmuș, Cristina Lazăr","doi":"10.2478/azibna-2023-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/azibna-2023-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In Romania, the livestock is very scattered on the diverse environmental conditions. Due to difficulties regarding data collection, with the help of genomic selection, the paradigm of genetic improvement of economical traits in Romanian cattle breeds can be changed. Population studied in this paper consist in animals genotyped using 60k SNP panel. Association studies were performed for estimate the effect of SNP polymorphism on milk yield at 305 days. Genetic evaluation was compared under four statistical methodologies were compared under six scenarios 5k, 10k, 15k, 20k, 25k and 37k SNP panels. High association with phenotypes were displayed by 38 SNP’s. Generally, accuracy of the studied models, tend to increase with complexity (informational input). The model with the lowest accuracy was Sire-Model (36.6% accuracy). Adding information in Animal Model increase accuracy of estimation and finally, adding genomic information the accuracy was maximized to 69.9%. For each lactation all the statistical models return highly correlated breeding values. The highest (97.2%) and the lowest (79.2%) rank correlation are registered between Test-Day and Animal Model for the first and second lactation. Genomic evaluation is a more feasible methodology than classical breeding value estimation, in term of accuracy of selection and the quality of the parentage information.","PeriodicalId":170796,"journal":{"name":"Archiva Zootechnica","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2478/azibna-2023-0017
Andrei Cristian Anghel, Ionelia Țăranu
Abstract Antibiotics and zinc oxide are therapeutic agents widely used in the livestock industries, reducing significantly the negative effects of weaning by improving the growth rate and decreasing mortality. Although, due to the potential public and environmental risks associated with antibiotic resistance and soil pollution their use in the E.U. has been drastically reduced or banned, thus, alternative solutions been necessary to be develop. The addition of polyphenols to animal feed has shown promising results, as they have a broad antimicrobial activity including against E. coli F4 (K88). Moreover, it has been observed to hold a wide range of beneficial properties such as antidiarrhoeic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. In the present study in vitro experiments were performed in order to investigate the antimicrobial activity of several polyphenolic extracts obtained from mustard seed meals of two origins (Poland and Moldavia), grape seed meal, sea buckthorn seed meal, rapeseed meal, and rapeseed meal fermented with S. cerevisiae, against E. coli F4 (K88) proliferation measured at different intervals for 24 hours. The results revealed that polyphenols have a considerable antimicrobial effect in high concentrations. The inhibition was dependent also on polyphenol composition and even the origin place. Withal, it was observed that the polyphenols extracted from rapeseed meal and fermented rapeseed meal presented noticeable differences in inhibition, in similar concentrations, this suggesting that the fermentation process considerably affects the profile of rapeseed meal polyphenols. Likewise for the Moldavian mustard seed extract which significantly inhibited bacterial growth from very low concentrations although it had a low concentration of total polyphenols. Thus, the polyphenolic content of fermented rape seed meal extract presented an enhanced antimicrobial activity against E. coli F4 (K88) compared with the non-fermented rape seed meal extract. Although the total polyphenol concentration was lower in FRSM than in RSM. Polyphenols extracted from Moldavia mustard seed meal exhibited remarkable efficacy in inhibiting bacterial growth. Notably, even at a concentration as low as 3.71 µg/ml, the polyphenols demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity, effectively combating bacterial development. Overall, our study demonstrated that polyphenols represent a promising substitute for antibiotics and zinc oxide and might represent an encouraging long-term solution in overcoming the weaning crisis in pigs. In vivo experimentations are needed to validate these results.
{"title":"Antimicrobial potential of polyphenols obtained from agro-industrial by-products","authors":"Andrei Cristian Anghel, Ionelia Țăranu","doi":"10.2478/azibna-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/azibna-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Antibiotics and zinc oxide are therapeutic agents widely used in the livestock industries, reducing significantly the negative effects of weaning by improving the growth rate and decreasing mortality. Although, due to the potential public and environmental risks associated with antibiotic resistance and soil pollution their use in the E.U. has been drastically reduced or banned, thus, alternative solutions been necessary to be develop. The addition of polyphenols to animal feed has shown promising results, as they have a broad antimicrobial activity including against E. coli F4 (K88). Moreover, it has been observed to hold a wide range of beneficial properties such as antidiarrhoeic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. In the present study in vitro experiments were performed in order to investigate the antimicrobial activity of several polyphenolic extracts obtained from mustard seed meals of two origins (Poland and Moldavia), grape seed meal, sea buckthorn seed meal, rapeseed meal, and rapeseed meal fermented with S. cerevisiae, against E. coli F4 (K88) proliferation measured at different intervals for 24 hours. The results revealed that polyphenols have a considerable antimicrobial effect in high concentrations. The inhibition was dependent also on polyphenol composition and even the origin place. Withal, it was observed that the polyphenols extracted from rapeseed meal and fermented rapeseed meal presented noticeable differences in inhibition, in similar concentrations, this suggesting that the fermentation process considerably affects the profile of rapeseed meal polyphenols. Likewise for the Moldavian mustard seed extract which significantly inhibited bacterial growth from very low concentrations although it had a low concentration of total polyphenols. Thus, the polyphenolic content of fermented rape seed meal extract presented an enhanced antimicrobial activity against E. coli F4 (K88) compared with the non-fermented rape seed meal extract. Although the total polyphenol concentration was lower in FRSM than in RSM. Polyphenols extracted from Moldavia mustard seed meal exhibited remarkable efficacy in inhibiting bacterial growth. Notably, even at a concentration as low as 3.71 µg/ml, the polyphenols demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity, effectively combating bacterial development. Overall, our study demonstrated that polyphenols represent a promising substitute for antibiotics and zinc oxide and might represent an encouraging long-term solution in overcoming the weaning crisis in pigs. In vivo experimentations are needed to validate these results.","PeriodicalId":170796,"journal":{"name":"Archiva Zootechnica","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This research was carried out to evaluate the influence of cage tiers height on cloaca temperature, performance and egg quality of Isa-Brown laying birds. A total of One hundred and eight (108) Isa-Brown laying birds were selected from a healthy stock. The poultry house contained conventional battery cages arranged in a three-tier design. One unit of the battery cage made up of three (3) tiers with three (3) cells per tier was setup to accommodate three (3) birds per cell and a total of 27 birds per unit cage. This setup was replicated for three additional cage units. The performance of the birds was evaluated in terms of the egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, hen day production, and total feed consumed. The results revealed no significant (P >0.05) difference among cage tiers in terms of egg weight and feed conversion ratio but egg mass, hen day production and total feed consumed were significantly influenced. Highest egg mass (38.96g), highest Hen Day production (78.66%) and highest daily feed intake (99.01g) were recorded in birds raised in the upper tier of the cage. For the period of the study, cloaca temperature ranged between 36 °C and 41 °C. Cloaca temperature was not significantly (P >0.05) affected by cage tiers height. In comparison to layers raised in low-tier cages, those raised in high-tier cages had higher egg production and better feed efficiency. These findings suggest that cage tier heights play an important role in the production performance of laying hens but cloaca temperature was not affected. However, further researches on the effect of cage tiers height on cloaca temperature should be carried out in a controlled setting
{"title":"Influence of cage tiers height on cloaca temperature, performance, and egg quality of Isa-Brown laying hens reared in a humid tropical climate","authors":"Muyiwa Adegbenro, Tolulope Ruth Omole, Ayoola Olawole Jongbo, Innocent Bamidele Osho","doi":"10.2478/azibna-2023-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/azibna-2023-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research was carried out to evaluate the influence of cage tiers height on cloaca temperature, performance and egg quality of Isa-Brown laying birds. A total of One hundred and eight (108) Isa-Brown laying birds were selected from a healthy stock. The poultry house contained conventional battery cages arranged in a three-tier design. One unit of the battery cage made up of three (3) tiers with three (3) cells per tier was setup to accommodate three (3) birds per cell and a total of 27 birds per unit cage. This setup was replicated for three additional cage units. The performance of the birds was evaluated in terms of the egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, hen day production, and total feed consumed. The results revealed no significant (P >0.05) difference among cage tiers in terms of egg weight and feed conversion ratio but egg mass, hen day production and total feed consumed were significantly influenced. Highest egg mass (38.96g), highest Hen Day production (78.66%) and highest daily feed intake (99.01g) were recorded in birds raised in the upper tier of the cage. For the period of the study, cloaca temperature ranged between 36 °C and 41 °C. Cloaca temperature was not significantly (P >0.05) affected by cage tiers height. In comparison to layers raised in low-tier cages, those raised in high-tier cages had higher egg production and better feed efficiency. These findings suggest that cage tier heights play an important role in the production performance of laying hens but cloaca temperature was not affected. However, further researches on the effect of cage tiers height on cloaca temperature should be carried out in a controlled setting","PeriodicalId":170796,"journal":{"name":"Archiva Zootechnica","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study was conducted at the ruminant station of the Technical Institute of Breeding Baba-Ali on the peri-partum period in ewes of the Rembi breed. It focused on the variations of some hematological and biochemical parameters of 7 ewes during 2 months (1 month before lambing and one month after). The blood samples were taken every 15 days, which were analyzed by blood count within the hour following the blood sampling, concerning the hematological parameters. Besides, for the biochemical parameters, the blood was centrifuged and the sera were frozen until the day of analysis. The results of the analysis using logicial R revealed nonsignificant variations (P >0.05) for the following parameters: White blood cells, Lymphocytes, Red blood cells, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, and Blood platelets. These results are contradictory to the results obtained in previous studies except for a study conducted on ewes of the Lacaune breed. Regarding the biochemical parameters, the variation was significant (P<0.05) for cholesterol, urea, and creatinine, but not significant for calcium, glucose and triglycerides (P >0.05). The results obtained are debatable from the results quoted by several authors, except for creatinine which was found to be much higher.
{"title":"Variation of some hematological and biochemical parameters of ewes of the Rembi breed during the peri-partum","authors":"Hanane Boushaki-Oudah, Mohamed Khalil Ghozlane, Mohamed Lebied, Faissal Ghozlane","doi":"10.2478/azibna-2023-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/azibna-2023-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study was conducted at the ruminant station of the Technical Institute of Breeding Baba-Ali on the peri-partum period in ewes of the Rembi breed. It focused on the variations of some hematological and biochemical parameters of 7 ewes during 2 months (1 month before lambing and one month after). The blood samples were taken every 15 days, which were analyzed by blood count within the hour following the blood sampling, concerning the hematological parameters. Besides, for the biochemical parameters, the blood was centrifuged and the sera were frozen until the day of analysis. The results of the analysis using logicial R revealed nonsignificant variations (P >0.05) for the following parameters: White blood cells, Lymphocytes, Red blood cells, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, and Blood platelets. These results are contradictory to the results obtained in previous studies except for a study conducted on ewes of the Lacaune breed. Regarding the biochemical parameters, the variation was significant (P<0.05) for cholesterol, urea, and creatinine, but not significant for calcium, glucose and triglycerides (P >0.05). The results obtained are debatable from the results quoted by several authors, except for creatinine which was found to be much higher.","PeriodicalId":170796,"journal":{"name":"Archiva Zootechnica","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Fifty-six Hyla breeds of 12-week-old rabbit bucks were randomly distributed across 7 diet groups comprising the control, 0.25% nutmeg seed meal (NSM), 0.50%, 0.25% clove leaf meal (CLM), 0.50% CLM, 0.25% composite nutmeg and clove leaf meal mix (CNCM), and 0.50%CNCM. At the end of the 8 weeks of the experiment, 3 bucks per diet group were sacrificed. The growth performance, haematology, serum biochemical indices, and testicular morphometry of the buck were assessed. The different diet groups significantly increased (P<0.05) the feed intake, weight gained, and feed conversion ratio compared to the control. The highest weight gained and best feed conversion ratio were observed among bucks fed 0.25% CNCM. Dietary supplementation of NSM, CLM, and CLCM at 0.25 and 0.50% levels did not affect (P>0.05) the blood parameters, serum proteins, enzymes, and metabolites except for serum glutathione and catalase activity which revealed that the phytochemicals in NSM and CNCM could effectively combat free scavenging radicals. Testicular weight and densities were positively influenced (P<0.05) by dietary supplements which are indicative of better testicular functions compared to the control. Hence, the synergetic effect of NSM and CLM at 0.25% supplementation level could be incorporated into Bucks’ diet for better productivity.
{"title":"Physiological responses of rabbit buck fed diets supplemented with varied levels of nutmeg seed meal, clove leaf meal, and their composite mix","authors":"Imoleayo Sarah Olateju, Olufemi Adesanya Adu, Opeyemi Oluwabunmi Akinsulure, Catherine Oluwakemi Adeniran, Clifford Adinma Chineke","doi":"10.2478/azibna-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/azibna-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fifty-six Hyla breeds of 12-week-old rabbit bucks were randomly distributed across 7 diet groups comprising the control, 0.25% nutmeg seed meal (NSM), 0.50%, 0.25% clove leaf meal (CLM), 0.50% CLM, 0.25% composite nutmeg and clove leaf meal mix (CNCM), and 0.50%CNCM. At the end of the 8 weeks of the experiment, 3 bucks per diet group were sacrificed. The growth performance, haematology, serum biochemical indices, and testicular morphometry of the buck were assessed. The different diet groups significantly increased (P<0.05) the feed intake, weight gained, and feed conversion ratio compared to the control. The highest weight gained and best feed conversion ratio were observed among bucks fed 0.25% CNCM. Dietary supplementation of NSM, CLM, and CLCM at 0.25 and 0.50% levels did not affect (P>0.05) the blood parameters, serum proteins, enzymes, and metabolites except for serum glutathione and catalase activity which revealed that the phytochemicals in NSM and CNCM could effectively combat free scavenging radicals. Testicular weight and densities were positively influenced (P<0.05) by dietary supplements which are indicative of better testicular functions compared to the control. Hence, the synergetic effect of NSM and CLM at 0.25% supplementation level could be incorporated into Bucks’ diet for better productivity.","PeriodicalId":170796,"journal":{"name":"Archiva Zootechnica","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Initially, the nutritional value of the three main by-products of Cannabis sativa (hempseed cake, second-rate quality hemp seed and hemp hay), cultivated under Greek conditions and collected from four plantations in the Macedonian region was estimated. A second part of the study was the investigation of the effects of diet inclusion with hempseed cake (HSC) on the performance of Holstein dairy cows. The HSC used for this experiment was the one analyzed in the first part of the study. A total number of 20 lactating cows were allocated into two equal groups in a randomized block design. Cows of both groups were offered a total mixed ration (TMR) on the same feed allowance. The diet of the experimental group was formulated with 3.5 % hemp cake, at a quantity of 1kg of hemp cake per cow per day. Milk yield was recorded individually, and feed refusals were recorded on a pen basis daily, during the first 40 days of lactation. Individual milk samples were analyzed for their chemical composition, lipid oxidative stability and fatty acid composition and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) content, as well as feed samples of each group. Individual blood samples were received for biochemical indices assessment. All data were subjected ANOVA statistical analysis. The results of hemp by-products chemical profile showed similar nutritional values among the different cultivation regions. The experimental results indicated that the inclusion of HSC did not affect milk production and composition (P > 0.05). However, diet inclusion with HSC favorably influenced milk fatty acid profile. Finally, serum NEFA concentration was lower for the HSC group while serum urea levels were higher (P < 0.05).
{"title":"Evaluation of hemp cake (<i>Cannabis sativa</i>) and other hemp by-products of Greek origin and efficacy in dairy cow nutrition","authors":"Konstantinos Kalaitsidis, Zoi Parissi, Alexandros Theodoridis, Eleni Tsaliki, Konstantina Vasilopoulou, Stella Dokou, Diamanto Lazari, Georgios E. Valergakis, Ilias Giannenas","doi":"10.2478/azibna-2023-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/azibna-2023-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Initially, the nutritional value of the three main by-products of Cannabis sativa (hempseed cake, second-rate quality hemp seed and hemp hay), cultivated under Greek conditions and collected from four plantations in the Macedonian region was estimated. A second part of the study was the investigation of the effects of diet inclusion with hempseed cake (HSC) on the performance of Holstein dairy cows. The HSC used for this experiment was the one analyzed in the first part of the study. A total number of 20 lactating cows were allocated into two equal groups in a randomized block design. Cows of both groups were offered a total mixed ration (TMR) on the same feed allowance. The diet of the experimental group was formulated with 3.5 % hemp cake, at a quantity of 1kg of hemp cake per cow per day. Milk yield was recorded individually, and feed refusals were recorded on a pen basis daily, during the first 40 days of lactation. Individual milk samples were analyzed for their chemical composition, lipid oxidative stability and fatty acid composition and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) content, as well as feed samples of each group. Individual blood samples were received for biochemical indices assessment. All data were subjected ANOVA statistical analysis. The results of hemp by-products chemical profile showed similar nutritional values among the different cultivation regions. The experimental results indicated that the inclusion of HSC did not affect milk production and composition (P > 0.05). However, diet inclusion with HSC favorably influenced milk fatty acid profile. Finally, serum NEFA concentration was lower for the HSC group while serum urea levels were higher (P < 0.05).","PeriodicalId":170796,"journal":{"name":"Archiva Zootechnica","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The growth, haemato-biochemical indices, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens fed varying levels of Guanidino Acetic Acid (GAA) were evaluated over the course of an eight-week feeding trial. In low ME (2700Kcal/kg) basal diets, the Guanidino Acetic Acid was supplemented at 0, 0.6, and 1.2g/kg, designated as diets I, II, and III, respectively. The average final weight of chickens fed diet III was the highest at the end of the feeding trial. The best feed conversion ratio was observed in birds fed diet III. The packed cell volume and haemoglobin were highest in birds fed diet I. Significantly higher Cholesterol and Albumin were recorded in diets III and II, respectively. All the antioxidant parameters were significant except Catalase. The glutathione peroxidase increased with increased Guanidino acetic Acid supplementation while Catalase reduced with increased GAA supplementation. According to the findings of this study, Guanidino Acetic Acid improved the health of broilers while having no negative effects on their health. It is therefore concluded that supplementation of Guanidino Acetic Acid at 1.2g/kg with low metabolizable energy promoted superior growth effect of the chickens and also reduce cost of production.
{"title":"Performance, haemato-biochemical indices and antioxidants status of broiler chickens fed diet with low metabolizable energy supplemented with graded levels of Guanidino Acetic Acid (GAA)","authors":"Akinlolu Ayeni, Damilola Ogungnebro, Oladayo Afolabi, Olubunmi Aladenola, Fisayo Aguda, Mojolajesu Ayoade, Tolulope Agboola, Opeyemi Adeola, Gbenga Onibi","doi":"10.2478/azibna-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/azibna-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The growth, haemato-biochemical indices, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens fed varying levels of Guanidino Acetic Acid (GAA) were evaluated over the course of an eight-week feeding trial. In low ME (2700Kcal/kg) basal diets, the Guanidino Acetic Acid was supplemented at 0, 0.6, and 1.2g/kg, designated as diets I, II, and III, respectively. The average final weight of chickens fed diet III was the highest at the end of the feeding trial. The best feed conversion ratio was observed in birds fed diet III. The packed cell volume and haemoglobin were highest in birds fed diet I. Significantly higher Cholesterol and Albumin were recorded in diets III and II, respectively. All the antioxidant parameters were significant except Catalase. The glutathione peroxidase increased with increased Guanidino acetic Acid supplementation while Catalase reduced with increased GAA supplementation. According to the findings of this study, Guanidino Acetic Acid improved the health of broilers while having no negative effects on their health. It is therefore concluded that supplementation of Guanidino Acetic Acid at 1.2g/kg with low metabolizable energy promoted superior growth effect of the chickens and also reduce cost of production.","PeriodicalId":170796,"journal":{"name":"Archiva Zootechnica","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The study examined the effect of dietary supplementation of Ficus carica leaf powder and vitamin C on the antioxidative status of the meat and brain of two hybrids of broiler chicken. Two hundred- and forty-day-old chicks, each of Arbor Acres (AA) and Cobb 500 (C5) hybrids of broiler chicken were randomly assigned to diets. Diet 1 and 2 had no supplement; diets 3 and 4 supplemented with vitamin C (200mg/kg of basal), diet 5 and 6 received 1g Ficus carica Leaf Powder (FCLP)/Kg of basal diet while diets 7 and 8 had 1g FCLP/kg of basal diet + 200mg of vitamin C. The interactive effect of hybrid, vitamin C and FCLP significantly influenced the dressing percentage, gizzard, pancreas, heart and proventriculus. Brain catalase and glutathione were significantly influenced by the hybrid, vitamin C and FCLP inclusion. Dietary supplementation of FCLP and vitamin C significantly lower the lipid peroxidation of the meat. There was significant interactive effect of the factors on lipid peroxidation while meat catalase and glutathione were significantly increased by the inclusion of FCLP. This study revealed that the dietary inclusions of broilers’ diets with 1g FCLP and 200mg vitamin C/kg of feed could influence carcass and organs weights as well as improve meat quality and brain antioxidant status of broiler chicken, with the C5 hybrid showing better antioxidative status.
{"title":"Carcass and antioxidative status of the brain and meat of two hybrids of broiler chicken fed <i>Ficus carica</i> leaf powder and vitamin C supplemented diets","authors":"Clement Oluwafemi Osowe, Olufemi Adesanya Adu, Olugbenga David Oloruntola, Clifford Adinma Chineke","doi":"10.2478/azibna-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/azibna-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study examined the effect of dietary supplementation of Ficus carica leaf powder and vitamin C on the antioxidative status of the meat and brain of two hybrids of broiler chicken. Two hundred- and forty-day-old chicks, each of Arbor Acres (AA) and Cobb 500 (C5) hybrids of broiler chicken were randomly assigned to diets. Diet 1 and 2 had no supplement; diets 3 and 4 supplemented with vitamin C (200mg/kg of basal), diet 5 and 6 received 1g Ficus carica Leaf Powder (FCLP)/Kg of basal diet while diets 7 and 8 had 1g FCLP/kg of basal diet + 200mg of vitamin C. The interactive effect of hybrid, vitamin C and FCLP significantly influenced the dressing percentage, gizzard, pancreas, heart and proventriculus. Brain catalase and glutathione were significantly influenced by the hybrid, vitamin C and FCLP inclusion. Dietary supplementation of FCLP and vitamin C significantly lower the lipid peroxidation of the meat. There was significant interactive effect of the factors on lipid peroxidation while meat catalase and glutathione were significantly increased by the inclusion of FCLP. This study revealed that the dietary inclusions of broilers’ diets with 1g FCLP and 200mg vitamin C/kg of feed could influence carcass and organs weights as well as improve meat quality and brain antioxidant status of broiler chicken, with the C5 hybrid showing better antioxidative status.","PeriodicalId":170796,"journal":{"name":"Archiva Zootechnica","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2478/azibna-2023-0015
Mohamad R. Al-Masri, Moutaz Zarkawi, Mazen Alomar
Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of feeding adult Awassi rams different ratio of dried olive leaves on the reproductive parameters during seven weeks during the breeding season. Three groups of Awassi rams were fed for twelve weeks either a conventional wheat straw-concentrate ration (Control) or experimental rations where 30% (G1) and 60% (G2) of the wheat straw were replaced with dried olive leaves. Animals were fed the same amounts of crude protein and metabolizable energy daily. Results indicated that with the exception of scrotal circumference, no significant (p>0.05) responses were noted for testosterone level, body weight, semen volume, sperm concentration or semen pH values between the tested groups. Analysis of motility characteristics of sperm by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) technique showed no significant differences (p>0.05) between the three groups in the percent motility, percent of sperm showing progressive motility, average path velocity, straight line velocity, curvilinear velocity, percent straightness and percent linearity. It could be concluded that feeding Awassi rams dried olive leaves even at the 60% level did not affect the reproductive characteristics of the Awassi rams and therefore could be used as supplement sources of feeds for small ruminants.
{"title":"Effect of feeding dried olive (<i>Olea europaea</i>) leaves on the reproductive parameters of Awassi rams","authors":"Mohamad R. Al-Masri, Moutaz Zarkawi, Mazen Alomar","doi":"10.2478/azibna-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/azibna-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of feeding adult Awassi rams different ratio of dried olive leaves on the reproductive parameters during seven weeks during the breeding season. Three groups of Awassi rams were fed for twelve weeks either a conventional wheat straw-concentrate ration (Control) or experimental rations where 30% (G1) and 60% (G2) of the wheat straw were replaced with dried olive leaves. Animals were fed the same amounts of crude protein and metabolizable energy daily. Results indicated that with the exception of scrotal circumference, no significant (p>0.05) responses were noted for testosterone level, body weight, semen volume, sperm concentration or semen pH values between the tested groups. Analysis of motility characteristics of sperm by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) technique showed no significant differences (p>0.05) between the three groups in the percent motility, percent of sperm showing progressive motility, average path velocity, straight line velocity, curvilinear velocity, percent straightness and percent linearity. It could be concluded that feeding Awassi rams dried olive leaves even at the 60% level did not affect the reproductive characteristics of the Awassi rams and therefore could be used as supplement sources of feeds for small ruminants.","PeriodicalId":170796,"journal":{"name":"Archiva Zootechnica","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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