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From RAE to REF: Trust and Atmosphere in UK Higher Education Reform 从RAE到REF:英国高等教育改革中的信任与氛围
Pub Date : 2019-03-31 DOI: 10.30845/JESP.V6N1P5
Kuang-Hsu Chiang
This analytical paper aims to examine trust and research atmosphere in higher education in the case of UK. It takes an economics perspective and draws on a conceptual framework developed by Hallén and Sandström (1991). It argues that the current Higher Education reform risks making the research atmosphere move from ‘trustful’ towards ‘opportunist’. The UK government has recently taken a new turn with regard to its research and funding policies for universities: changing from a supply to a demand model, with an emphasis on research impacts. Initiatives, such as Research Excellence Framework (REF), can have adverse effects on trust and research atmosphere in higher education. Without trust, the integrity of scientific enquiry in higher education is undermined. This paper therefore investigates the detrimental impacts of such turn of research and funding policies on higher education. A call is made for real politics in higher education.
这篇分析论文旨在以英国为例考察高等教育中的信任和研究氛围。它采用了经济学的观点,并借鉴了hall和Sandström(1991)开发的概念框架。它认为,当前的高等教育改革有可能使研究氛围从“信任”转向“机会主义”。英国政府最近对大学的研究和资助政策采取了新的转变:从供给模式转变为需求模式,重点放在研究影响上。卓越研究框架(REF)等举措可能会对高等教育中的信任和研究氛围产生不利影响。没有信任,高等教育中科学探究的完整性就会受到破坏。因此,本文探讨了这种研究转向和资助政策对高等教育的不利影响。呼吁在高等教育中实行真正的政治。
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引用次数: 2
Religious Education of Lifelong Learning in Taiwan Weixin Shengjiao I Ching University 台湾维新圣交大学宗教终身学习教育
Pub Date : 2017-05-25 DOI: 10.30845/JESP.V6N2P8
Li-Yueh Chen, Chen-Mei Li
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引用次数: 0
Use of Videogames among High School Students in México 墨西哥高中生使用电子游戏的情况
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.30845/JESP.V7N4P13
PhD. Esperanza Viloria Hernández
At a national level, videogame consumption represents 15% of online consumption, and Mexico occupies the second level in the region for the number of hours per spectator per month. The referred age group is 24 to 35 years old, with a clear predominance of men. Recent reports present another significant sector: people 12 to 20 years old who have increased the consumption of online games and the number of hours they remain online. Under these conditions, the goal of the present project was to identify the levels of intensity of use of videogames. A 15dimension scale was used to achieve this goal and the sample consisted of 428 students. Among the results, game modes stand out along with hours spent and the differences between men and women according to the genre of the videogame used.
在全国范围内,电子游戏消费占在线消费的15%,而墨西哥每个观众每月观看电子游戏的时间在该地区排名第二。所提及的年龄组为24至35岁,明显以男性为主。最近的报告显示了另一个重要群体:12至20岁的人,他们增加了在线游戏的消费和上网时间。在这些条件下,本项目的目标是确定使用电子游戏的强度水平。为了达到这一目标,我们使用了一个15维度的量表,样本包括428名学生。在调查结果中,游戏模式、花费的时间以及根据所使用的电子游戏类型,男性和女性之间的差异尤为突出。
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引用次数: 0
Recruitment Strategies for Broadening Participation Programs in STEM 扩大STEM参与计划的招聘策略
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.30845/jesp.v7n1p20
L. Flowers
Increasing the diversity of the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce has been an elusive national goal for many years. A potential solution to better prepare underrepresented students for science and engineering careers are broadening participation programs. Broadening participation programs in STEM are designed to improve students’ education and professional outcomes. Broadening participation programs have produced several decades of promising data that highlight the utility of these initiatives to generate positive academic and occupational outcomes for underserved students. Effective recruitment techniques that result in the attainment of program enrollment goals are paramount. Despite the importance of participant recruitment to a program’s success, there are very few scholarly publications that address the issue of recruitment techniques designed to satisfy enrollment aims. Technological advances in the last twenty years have significantly improved worldwide communications. A variety of promising communication tools have afforded broadening participation program directors more opportunities to market their program and recruit participants from around the world. This article focuses on applicable traditional and online STEM program recruitment tactics that have shown to yield positive results in student enrollment. This article also calls for the increase in statistically robust research studies that seek to determine the effect of a specific recruitment strategy on recruitment goal attainment with respect to gender, ethnicity, geography, and educational level.
多年来,增加科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)劳动力的多样性一直是一个难以实现的国家目标。要想让代表性不足的学生更好地为科学和工程职业做好准备,一个潜在的解决方案是扩大参与项目。扩大STEM的参与项目旨在改善学生的教育和专业成果。扩大参与计划已经产生了几十年的有希望的数据,这些数据突出了这些举措的效用,为缺乏性学生带来积极的学术和职业成果。有效的招聘技术,导致实现项目招生目标是至关重要的。尽管参与者招募对项目的成功很重要,但很少有学术出版物解决了为满足招生目标而设计的招募技术问题。过去二十年的技术进步大大改善了世界范围内的通信。各种有前途的交流工具为扩大参与项目的负责人提供了更多的机会来推销他们的项目,并从世界各地招募参与者。本文重点介绍了适用的传统和在线STEM项目招聘策略,这些策略在学生入学方面取得了积极的成果。本文还呼吁增加统计上强有力的研究,以确定特定招聘策略对招聘目标实现的影响,涉及性别、种族、地理和教育水平。
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引用次数: 0
Three Step Interview as a Strategy on the Performance in Science of Grade 8 Students 三步访谈策略对八年级学生科学成绩的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.30845/JESP.V6N1P12
Gabriela C. Galceran, Bella C. Mugot
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Three step interview as a strategy on the performance in science of grade 8 students. Specifically this study aims to find out the significant difference on the pretest scores in science of the students when grouped to Three step interview as a strategy and lecture method; it finds out the significant difference on the posttest scores in science of the students when taught using Three step interview as a strategy and lecture method and; it finds out the significant difference on the pretest and posttest scores in science of the students when taught using Three step interview as a strategy and lecture method. The study used the true experimental design. T-test, percentage and paired t-test were used to analyse the data. The results revealed that there was no significant difference on the prestest scores in science of the students when grouped to Three step interview as a strategy and lecture method since the t-value which is -1.32 corresponds to the p-value of 0.191 and is greater than p ≤ 0.05 level of significance. The analysis also revealed that there was a significant difference on the posttest scores in science when students were taught using Three step interview as a strategy and lecture method since the t-value which is 4.61 corresponds to the pvalue of 2.26X10 -5 is lesser than p ≤ 0.05 level of significance. The paired t-test results revealed that for the Three step interview group, there was a significant difference on the pretest and posttest scores in science of grade 8 students since the t-value which is -13.76 corresponds to the p-value of 3.02X10 -14 is lesser than p ≤ 0.05 level of significance. For the lecture method group, there was significant difference on the pretest and posttest scores in science of grade 8 students since the t-value which is -12.04 corresponds to the p-value of 8.33X10 -13 is lesser than p ≤ 0.05 level of significance. The use of the Three step interview as a strategy in teaching science can greatly improve students’ performance.
本研究旨在确定三步访谈策略对八年级学生科学成绩的影响。具体而言,本研究旨在发现三步访谈策略与课堂教学法对学生科学前测成绩的显著差异;研究发现,采用三步访谈策略和授课方式教学对学生的理科后测成绩有显著差异;研究发现,采用三步访谈策略和授课方式进行教学,学生的科学前测和后测成绩存在显著差异。这项研究采用了真正的实验设计。采用t检验、百分比检验和配对t检验对数据进行分析。结果显示,以三步访谈为策略分组和以授课方式分组时,学生的理科成绩没有显著差异,t值为-1.32对应的p值为0.191,大于p≤0.05的显著性水平。分析还发现,采用三步访谈策略和授课方式教学学生的科学后测成绩存在显著差异,因为t值为4.61对应的p值为2.26X10 -5小于p≤0.05的显著性水平。配对t检验结果显示,三步访谈组八年级学生的科学前测和后测成绩存在显著差异,t值为-13.76对应的p值为3.02 × 10 -14小于p≤0.05的显著性水平。授课法组8年级学生的科学前测和后测成绩差异显著,t值为-12.04对应的p值为8.33X10 -13小于p≤0.05的显著性水平。在科学教学中运用三步访谈策略可以大大提高学生的学习成绩。
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引用次数: 1
Greeks Primary Students’ Attitudes Concerning the Inclusion of Special Educational Needs Students in the Mainstream School 希腊小学生对主流学校接纳特殊教育需要学生的态度
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.30845/JESP.V6N2P7
Tsakiridou Tsakiridou, H. Helen, Polyzopoulou Polyzopoulou, Konstantia Konstantia
The current study was conducted in order to examine primary general education children attitudes toward the inclusion of their peers with special educational needs and to identify the factors that affect their attitudes. The sample consisted of 1066 primary mainstream students, who completed the “Attitudes toward inclusion scale” (Gash, 1993; Gash & Coffey, 1995; Gash, 1996). The results showed that children are adopting the act of being sociable to special needs students and liking to meet and spend time with them. Concerning the total integration in the general education,a great part of students, are disposed in a positive but typical way to be co-educated in the same school environment with their peers with disabilities. The research, pointed out the need to focus on the study of social interactions between typically developing students’ attitudes and their special needs peers.
本研究旨在探讨小学通识教育学童对接纳有特殊教育需要的同学的态度,并找出影响他们态度的因素。样本由1066名小学主流学生组成,他们完成了“包容态度量表”(Gash, 1993;Gash & Coffey, 1995;裂缝,1996)。结果表明,孩子们对有特殊需要的学生采取了社交行为,喜欢和他们见面并花时间在一起。在通识教育的全面融合方面,很大一部分学生以积极而典型的方式与残疾同龄人在同一学校环境中接受共同教育。这项研究指出,有必要把重点放在研究正常发展学生的态度与有特殊需要的同龄人之间的社会互动上。
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引用次数: 0
Work and Life. Balance or Conflict? Theoretical Context vs. Research Results 工作与生活。平衡还是冲突?理论背景与研究结果
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.30845/JESP.V6N2P6
R. Tomaszewska, Aleksandra Pawlicka
The subject literature analyses as well as the social life practice show that there has been a progressive lack in the work-life balance of individuals nowadays. As a result, people suffer from disturbances in their physical, mental and social development, and the organisations that employ them suffer from their poorer performance, too. Popularising the knowledge and developing the ability to combine work and the life outside it are one of the major challenges for contemporary societies, all the more since healthy and sustainable lifestyles of the employed individuals foster both their personal development and the development of organisations. The aim of the article is to present the selected results of the Professional work – personal life. Balance or conflict? study. According to the applied methodology, after the aim and the subject of the study were determined, the diagnostic poll method was employed. Based on the theoretical scientific analyses present in the subject literature an original questionnaire was designed, which then was responded to by 800 employers working for 80 Polish companies. The main conclusion drawn from the empirical research results pointed out strong work ethos and progressive imbalance in the professional work – personal life relations that the people in the studied group were not aware of.
课题文献分析和社会生活实践表明,当今社会个人工作与生活的平衡日益缺乏。结果,人们在身体、心理和社会发展方面受到干扰,而雇佣他们的组织也会因为他们较差的表现而受到影响。普及知识和发展工作与生活相结合的能力是当代社会的主要挑战之一,尤其是因为受雇个人的健康和可持续的生活方式既促进了他们的个人发展,也促进了组织的发展。这篇文章的目的是为了呈现专业工作-个人生活的精选结果。平衡还是冲突?研究。根据应用方法学,在确定研究目的和研究对象后,采用诊断性民意调查法。基于主题文献中的理论科学分析,设计了一份原始问卷,然后由80家波兰公司的800名雇主回答。从实证研究结果中得出的主要结论是,被研究群体的人没有意识到强烈的工作风气和职业工作-个人生活关系的逐渐不平衡。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of SMS on Nudging Young People’s College-Going Decisions and Behaviors: Evidence from a College Access Program in the United States 短信对推动年轻人上大学的决定和行为的影响:来自美国大学入学计划的证据
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.30845/JESP.V7N4P6
Hans Walter Cabra Hernandez
This study looked at the effect of SMS on nudging students to navigate postsecondary education in a rural area in the United States. The research sought to answer two questions; 1) how are students’ needs being met through the SMS service? (e.g., What are students most concerned about when they text?) and 2) to what extent are the SMS able to cultivate self-efficacy skills among students? (e.g., Are the nudges contributing to develop those skills? What evidence do we have about this?). To answer these questions, 3,660 SMS that were sent from students to program staff from a college access program between April 2019 and June 2020 were analyzed. This was the first study of its kind that looked into SMS data from a qualitative perspective. Thematic analysis and discourse analysis were used as the primary tools for exploring the content and meaning of the messages. While thematic analysis was used to identify students’ needs in relation to the services provided by the college access program, discourse analysis helped us understand how students experienced higher education and the challenges they faced. summer class funding, academic support, etc.);they also showed program staff how they managed to overcome challenges (e.g., renewing the FASFA, accessing tutoring services, etc.).This suggests that the SMS strategy has been effective at motivating students to take action (especially those who come from high poverty backgrounds), which means that the nudges are empowering. This is a good indicator of the potential benefits of SMS to reduce socioeconomic opportunity gaps in access to higher education.
这项研究着眼于短信在美国农村地区推动学生接受高等教育方面的影响。这项研究试图回答两个问题;1)学生的需求如何通过短信服务得到满足?(例如,学生发短信时最关心的是什么?)以及2)短信在多大程度上能够培养学生的自我效能感技能?(例如,这些推动是否有助于发展这些技能?关于这一点我们有什么证据?)为了回答这些问题,研究人员分析了2019年4月至2020年6月期间学生发给大学入学项目工作人员的3660条短信。这是同类研究中首次从定性角度研究短信数据。主位分析和语篇分析是探究信息内容和意义的主要工具。虽然主题分析用于确定学生对大学入学计划提供的服务的需求,但话语分析帮助我们了解学生如何经历高等教育以及他们面临的挑战。他们还向项目工作人员展示了他们是如何克服挑战的(例如,更新FASFA,获得辅导服务等)。这表明短信策略在激励学生采取行动(特别是那些来自高贫困背景的学生)方面是有效的,这意味着推动是赋权的。这是一个很好的指标,表明短信在减少接受高等教育的社会经济机会差距方面的潜在好处。
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引用次数: 0
Parenting Skill Performances of Mothers of Young Children with Developmental Delay in Taiwan 台湾发展迟缓幼儿母亲的教养技巧表现
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.30845/jesp.v6n2p10
M. Lo
The purpose of this study was to explore the different parenting skills of mothers in various demographics in parenting their young children with development delay. The participants were mothers of 3-6 year old children with development delay (DDC mothers) from a registered preschool in Taiwan. Mothers Parenting Skills Questionnaire (MPSQ) was used as the research tool. A convenience sampling of 199 valid questionnaires was collected. Nearly 80% of the children exhibited developmental delay in language and communications; less prominent developmental delays were in (ranked in descending order by proportion) motor, cognitive, emotional, interpersonal, activities of daily living, and physiological aspects. The results of the present study revealed that the parenting skills of the DDC mothers approached the “moderately to satisfactorily met the criteria” level. The multiple regression analysis results revealed that the DDC mothers whose parenting skills were acquired from “parenting seminars” or “professionals or physicians,” residing in northern Taiwan, and attaining an education level of university or above exhibited higher performance in overall parenting skills, achieving a statistically significant correlation. The research results can serve as a reference for the DDC mothers of young children, educator of preschools, and early-intervention facilities.
本研究的目的是探讨不同人口统计学特征的母亲在养育发育迟缓幼儿方面的不同育儿技巧。研究对象为台湾某注册幼儿园3-6岁发育迟缓儿童的母亲。采用母亲教养技能问卷(MPSQ)作为研究工具。方便抽样,共收集有效问卷199份。近80%的儿童在语言和沟通方面表现出发育迟缓;在运动、认知、情感、人际关系、日常生活活动和生理方面的发育迟缓(按比例降序排列)不太突出。本研究结果显示,留守儿童母亲的育儿技能接近“中等至满意”水平。多元回归分析结果显示,从“教养研习班”或“专业医师”获得教养技能、居住在台湾北部、学历为大学及以上的DDC母亲,其教养技能整体表现较高,且有统计学上的显著相关。研究结果可为DDC幼儿母亲、学前教育工作者和早期干预机构提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Personality Assessment Aspectsand Radicalizationin Prisons 监狱中的人格评估与激进化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.30845/jesp.v6n4p6
David Krámský, Barbora Vegrichtová
Theprison facilityis generally considered as an environment with a corrective purpose. Besides the social sense of remedy, prison is also an environment that potentially determines and affects socially dangerous behavior. The authors, based on long-term empirical research, present the significant indicators that are directly related to the transformation of personality attitudes, motivations and behavior associating with a process of radicalization. One of the most significant symptoms of radicalization is a particular social and moral decision making. Individuals in the radicalism process primarily prefer utilitarian manners in their decision-making rather than personal aspects like empathy for others. The authors will present the method of social-moral profiling of a subject in radicalization process as an effective prevention system which reduces security risks in society.
监狱设施通常被认为是一个具有矫正目的的环境。除了社会救济意识,监狱也是一个潜在地决定和影响社会危险行为的环境。作者在长期实证研究的基础上,提出了与激进化过程中人格态度、动机和行为转变直接相关的重要指标。激进化最显著的症状之一是特定的社会和道德决策。激进主义过程中的个体主要倾向于功利主义的决策方式,而不是像同情他人这样的个人方面。作者将提出在激进化过程中对一个主体进行社会道德侧写的方法,作为一种有效的预防系统,可以降低社会的安全风险。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Education & Social Policy
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