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Photodegradation of Rhodamine B in Fe(III) Solutions 罗丹明B在Fe(III)溶液中的光降解
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.12783/ISSN.1544-8053/14/1/40
Ou Xiao-xia, Qin Lei-yun Zuo Qian-qian Deng Li-jun, Cui Zi-shu
The effects of initial pH, Fe3+ and humic acid concentrations on the photodegradation of rhodamine B in Fe3+-containing solutions were studied. The distribution of Fe2+ photoformed in irradiated Fe3+ solution was studied to understand the significance of iron cycling on the removal of rhodamine B. pH has a great influence on the decolorization of dye and the process was most effective when the pH is 3.03. Increasing the dosage of ion (Fe3+) can improve the removal efficiency of rhodamine B. 99.6% of rhodamine B was photodegraded within one hour with a 6 mmol·L–1 of Fe3+. Addition of a certain dose of humic acid can facilitate the degradation of dyes and the photoformation of Fe2+.
研究了初始pH、Fe3+和腐植酸浓度对含Fe3+溶液中罗丹明B光降解的影响。研究了辐照Fe3+溶液中光形成Fe2+的分布,以了解铁循环对罗丹明b去除的意义。pH对染料脱色影响较大,pH为3.03时脱色效果最好。增加Fe3+的投加量可以提高罗丹明B的去除率,当Fe3+投加量为6 mmol·L-1时,1 h内对罗丹明B的光降解率为99.6%。加入一定剂量的腐植酸有利于染料的降解和Fe2+的光生成。
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引用次数: 0
Deep Coal Mine Methane Drainage in China with Lower Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Insights of Borehole Protection Technology 低温室气体排放的中国深部煤矿瓦斯排放:井眼保护技术的启示
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.12783/ISSN.1544-8053/14/1/9
Qingquan Liu, Haifeng Wang Shengli Kong
Climate warming has currently been one of the most important global environmental issues. Coal mine methane (CMM) is a typical greenhouse gas with higher global warming potential and ozone depletion potential than CO2. Unfortunately, it should be noted that the CMM emission increases rapidly with the increasing coal consumption in China. Fast and whole protection technology of borehole is a recently developed method to maintain the drainage efficiency in deep mining level. However, the potential negative impact of screen pipes on CMM drainage efficiency has not been well studied. To investigate this impact, an innovative coal permeability model from elastic to post-failure state was deduced to develop our previous gas migration model. Then redistributed stress, coal permeability and gas pressure around a borehole were studied by implementing the mathematical model into Comsol Multiphysics. Numerical results indicate that the negative impact of screen pipes on drainage subpressure do not affect the drainage efficiency due to the stress redistribution. Engineering application shows that comparing to the traditional borehole protection technology, the gas concentration increases about 120% and the gas flux increases about 110% by using the fast and whole protection technology. The research will provide theoretical foundation of CMM capture and borehole protect technology and is of great significance for the CMM utilization and the global environment.
气候变暖已成为当前全球最重要的环境问题之一。煤矿瓦斯是一种典型的温室气体,具有比二氧化碳更高的全球变暖潜势和臭氧消耗潜势。不幸的是,应该注意到,随着中国煤炭消费量的增加,CMM的排放量也在迅速增加。钻孔快速全程保护技术是近年来发展起来的一种保持深部采空区排水效率的方法。然而,筛管对CMM排水效率的潜在负面影响尚未得到充分研究。为了研究这种影响,我们推导了一个从弹性到破坏后状态的创新煤渗透率模型,以发展我们之前的气体运移模型。然后将数学模型应用到Comsol Multiphysics中,研究了井眼周围的重分布应力、煤层渗透率和瓦斯压力。数值计算结果表明,由于应力重分布,筛管对排水副压力的负面影响并不影响排水效率。工程应用表明,与传统井眼保护技术相比,采用快速全程保护技术可使瓦斯浓度提高约120%,瓦斯通量提高约110%。该研究将为三坐标测量机捕获和井眼保护技术提供理论基础,对三坐标测量机的利用和全球环境具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 1
The Research on the Establishment and Simulation of Intelligent Drill String Cables Based on Nonuniform Transmission Line Theory 基于非均匀传输线理论的智能钻柱电缆的建立与仿真研究
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.12783/issn.1544-8053/14/S1/4
Hu Ze, Ge Liang Xu Hang Xie Xiaohui, Gu Sanchun
The cable transmission line has more obvious advantages in long-distance information transmission, and is suitable for the transmission of various MWD signals during drilling. The research on the information transmission pattern of the cable transmission line will be the focus of intelligent drill string. According to the characters of the intelligent drill string, combing with the nonuniform transmission line theory, and considering the effect of temperature variation on the impedance of the smart drill string, the distribution parameters of the cable transmission line has been analyzed. On the basis of the two port network system, the transfer function and the transport matrix of the nonuniform transmission line have been obtained, and the model of nonuniform transmission line impedance of the intelligent drill string cable has been established. In order to verify the feasibility of the established model, the communication channel model has been built utilizing the MATLAB/Simulink software. Through experiment simulation and result analysis, the error rate curves under different parameters have been obtained, the transmission rate and transmission distance of different signals have been explored, and the influence of modulation and demodulation on data transmission quality has been studied, which provides a certain reference for the information transmission pattern of the intelligent drill string.
电缆传输线在远距离信息传输方面优势更明显,适用于钻井过程中各种随钻信号的传输。电缆传输线信息传输模式的研究将是智能钻柱研究的重点。根据智能钻柱的特点,结合非均匀传输线理论,考虑温度变化对智能钻柱阻抗的影响,分析了电缆传输线的分布参数。在双端口网络系统的基础上,得到了非均匀传输线的传递函数和传输矩阵,建立了智能钻柱电缆非均匀传输线阻抗模型。为了验证所建立模型的可行性,利用MATLAB/Simulink软件建立了通信信道模型。通过实验仿真和结果分析,得到了不同参数下的错误率曲线,探索了不同信号的传输速率和传输距离,研究了调制解调对数据传输质量的影响,为智能钻柱的信息传输方式提供了一定的参考。
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引用次数: 1
Measurement of Flow Characteristics for Multiparticulate Bottom Ash-water Suspension with Additives 掺加添加剂的多颗粒底灰水悬浮液流动特性的测定
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.12783/ISSN.1544-8053/14/1/2
Kaushal Kumar, S. Garg, Gurprit Singh
In the present work, Rheological characteristics of bottom ash was studied with and without addition of additives. Two additives were selected as Henko detergent and sodium sulfate. The additive added in bottom ash suspension with proportion of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6% (by weight). The solid concentration of bottom ash suspension varied from 10 to 60% (by weight). Reduction in apparent viscosity is highly noticeable with addition of sodium sulfate as compared to Henko detergent.The investigation reveals that bottom ash suspension in above manner has a potential to transport in slurry pipeline with minimum energy consumptions.
本文研究了添加和不添加添加剂时底灰的流变特性。选用Henko洗涤剂和硫酸钠两种助剂。底灰悬浮液中添加的添加剂分别为0.2、0.4和0.6%(重量比)。底灰悬浮液的固体浓度从10%到60%不等(以重量计)。与Henko洗涤剂相比,添加硫酸钠可显著降低表观粘度。研究表明,以上述方式进行底灰悬浮液的输送具有最低能耗的潜力。
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引用次数: 19
Spatial-temporal Analysis for PPP Waste-to-energy Projects in China 中国PPP废物转化能源项目的时空分析
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.12783/issn.1544-8053/14/S1/9
Cao Liang, Xue Song Feng Jingchun, Z. Ke
The accelerating urbanization and improvement of living standards have greatly increased the municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in China. Public private partnership (PPP) widely used in the field of waste-to-energy (WTE) industry can decrease the volume of MSW, generate power and address the serious environmental problems caused by MSW. The advantage of PPP model can be expressed in its inherent incentive, expanding product quality, improving capacity utilization, saving transaction costs, improving efficiency of WTE industry. We collect data of municipal solid waste disposal fee from 69 PPP WTE projects of 231 operating projects, covering 30% of all PPP WTE operating projects in 29 provinces from 1999–2016, the spatial-temporal model is built to analyze the waste-to-energy environmental efficiency in PPP waste-toenergy industry.
随着城市化进程的加快和人民生活水平的提高,中国城市生活垃圾的产生量大大增加。公私合作(PPP)模式广泛应用于垃圾焚烧发电行业,可以减少城市生活垃圾的产生量,产生电力,解决城市生活垃圾带来的严重环境问题。PPP模式的优势表现在其内在的激励,扩大产品质量,提高产能利用率,节约交易成本,提高WTE行业效率。本文收集了1999-2016年29个省份231个PPP WTE运营项目中69个PPP WTE项目的城市生活垃圾处理费数据,覆盖了全部PPP WTE运营项目的30%,构建了PPP垃圾焚烧发电的时空模型,分析了PPP垃圾焚烧发电行业的环境效率。
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引用次数: 1
Experimental Study of Removing F–, PO4 3− and SO4 2− from Wastewater in Aluminum Surface Treatment Solution 铝表面处理液去除废水中F -、po3−和SO4 2−的实验研究
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.12783/ISSN.1544-8053/14/1/39
G. Pei, Zhen-ge Wei, Jianjun Liu
This paper treats aluminum surface treatment solution wastewater and adopts coagulation-chemical precipitation method (combination of CaO, PAC and PAM) to remove F–, PO4 3− and SO4 2− . The study explores an approach that can remove F–, PO4 3− and SO4 2− in the wastewater simultaneously. Through optimization and improvement of reagent dosage and reaction conditions, the treated wastewater reaches the national discharge standards. The experimental results show that the optimal conditions for removal of F–, PO4 3− and SO4 2− are: 1150 mg of CaO, 110 mg of PAC, 85 mg of PAM at pH 9 and a reaction temperature of 323 K for a reaction time of 30 min. After treatment, the concentration of F– is 4.30 mg/L, which is lower than discharge standards of fluoride-containing industrial wastewater (10 mg/L). The concentration of PO4 3− is 0.90 mg/L, lower than the second grade of discharge standard of phosphate-containing industrial wastewater (1.0 mg/L). The concentration of SO4 2− is 125mg/L, lower than the maximum of allowable concentration of sulfate in drinking water standards (250 mg/L).
本文对铝表面处理液废水进行处理,采用混凝-化学沉淀法(CaO、PAC和PAM联合)去除F -、PO4 - 3−和SO4 - 2−。本研究探索了一种同时去除废水中F -、po3−和SO4 2−的方法。通过对药剂用量和反应条件的优化改进,处理后的废水达到国家排放标准。实验结果表明,去除F -、PO4 - 3−和SO4 - 2−的最佳条件为:CaO 1150 mg、PAC 110 mg、PAM 85 mg,反应温度323 K,反应时间30 min,处理后F -浓度为4.30 mg/L,低于含氟工业废水排放标准(10 mg/L)。PO4 3−的浓度为0.90 mg/L,低于含磷工业废水二级排放标准(1.0 mg/L)。SO4 2−的浓度为125mg/L,低于饮用水中硫酸盐的最大允许浓度(250mg /L)。
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引用次数: 1
Research on the Standardised Cold-container System Based on One Vehicle with Multi-Temperature Control 基于一车多温控的标准化冷箱系统研究
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.14355/jrst.2017.1403.063
Huaqiong Liu, Dongdong Jiang, L. Pretorius
This paper analyses the current transportation requirements and product quality assurance in the cold chain logistics industry. It proposes the idea of drop-and-pull transportation, based on one vehicle with multi-temperature control, namely the standard cold-container system. It further elaborates on the advantages of the standard cold-container system, which improves transportation efficiency, while greatly cutting down costs at the same time.
本文分析了目前冷链物流行业的运输要求和产品质量保证。提出了基于一车多控温即标准冷箱系统的下拉式运输思路。进一步阐述了标准冷箱系统的优点,在提高运输效率的同时,大大降低了成本。
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引用次数: 0
Research Advancements in Ozone Treatment for Estrogenic Activities in Hospital Wastewater 臭氧处理医院废水中雌激素活性研究进展
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.12783/ISSN.1544-8053/14/S1/19
Zhao Wenyu, Chen Jian Xu Liwei Yang Lu Pan Weilian, Feng Chao
Hospital wastewater (HWW) is a source of estrogenic activity compounds in the environmental water system. Once released into water bodies, these compounds disrupt the aquatic ecological balance and even affect human health. On the basis of domestic and foreign literature, the potential chemicals and their properties, such as construction features and toxicological effects, in HWW were summarized and discussed. The advantages of ozone in removing target substances were also summarized.
医院废水(HWW)是环境水系统中雌激素活性化合物的来源。这些化合物一旦释放到水体中,就会破坏水生生态平衡,甚至影响人体健康。在查阅国内外相关文献的基础上,对水杨酸中潜在的化学物质及其结构特点、毒理学效应等特性进行了总结和探讨。总结了臭氧在去除目标物质方面的优势。
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引用次数: 1
Seed-induced Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tobermorite from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Fly Ash 城市生活垃圾焚烧炉飞灰种子诱导水热合成托伯莫里石
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.12783/ISSN.1544-8053/14/S1/2
Dezhi Shi, Chao Zhang Chunyan Hu Jinlu Zhang, Pengfei Li
Resource recovery of municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator fly ash is widely concerned. Tobermorite, an important but rare naturally mineral, could not be directly hydrothermal synthesized from it owing to its high content of Ca but low concentration of Si and Al. The selected external silicon-aluminum additives including coal fly ash (CFA), bentonite, kaolin and diatomite were solely or combined added. With the addition of 30% mass composite additive in which the ratio of quality for CFA and diatomite is 1:1, tobermorite could be synthesized most effectively in 48h at 150°C, mainly attributing to the proper element proportion adjusted by additives. Tobermorite seed added could not only promote the large formation of tobermorite, but also inhibit the production of hibschite and kaotoite. Since Ca/(Si + Al) = 1.20 and Al/(Si + Al) = 0.20, addition of 30% mass of composite additive and 3% mass of tobermorite seed would be the recommended technological parameter.
城市生活垃圾焚烧炉飞灰的资源化利用受到广泛关注。托伯莫里石是一种重要而稀有的天然矿物,由于其Ca含量高,Si和Al含量低,不能直接由其进行水热合成。选择的外部硅铝助剂包括粉煤灰(CFA)、膨润土、高岭土和硅藻土单独或联合添加。在添加质量为30%的复合添加剂(CFA与硅藻土质量比为1:1)的条件下,在150℃下48h合成托博莫里石效果最好,这主要得益于添加剂调节了合适的元素比例。添加托伯莫里石种子不仅能促进托伯莫里石的大量形成,而且还能抑制辉石和高岭石的生成。由于Ca/(Si + Al) = 1.20, Al/(Si + Al) = 0.20,复合添加剂质量为30%,托贝莫来石种子质量为3%是推荐的工艺参数。
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引用次数: 5
Numerical Simulation of Flow Disturbance on Algae Growth 水流扰动对藻类生长影响的数值模拟
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.12783/ISSN.1544-8053/14/1/13
Senlin Zhu, Guolu Yang, Jing Lu
Hydrodynamic conditions have significant impact on planktonic algae growth. However, current numerical simulations rarely considered this factor. The impact of flow disturbance on algae growth rate was reviewed in this study, and laboratory experiments were conducted accordingly to find out the optimal form of velocity factor to be used in the formula of algae growth rate. A general form of velocity factor, which has clear physical meaning, was integrated into a hydrodynamic and water quality model—CE-QUAL-W2 (W2) model. The modified W2 model was applied to simulate water quality conditions in the Lower Minnesota River (LMR). Results showed that the optimal velocity for algae growth is about 0.15 m/s in the LMR, and the modified model can satisfactorily simulate algae growth process.
水动力条件对浮游藻类的生长有显著影响。然而,目前的数值模拟很少考虑这一因素。本研究综述了水流扰动对藻类生长速率的影响,并进行了相应的室内实验,以找出藻类生长速率公式中流速因子的最佳形式。将速度因子的一般形式,具有明确的物理意义,整合到水动力与水质模型- ce - quality -W2 (W2)模型中。采用改进的W2模型对明尼苏达河下游(LMR)水质状况进行了模拟。结果表明,LMR中藻类生长的最佳速度约为0.15 m/s,修正后的模型能较好地模拟藻类生长过程。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Journal of Residuals Science & Technology
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