Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.1080/01971360.2023.2168430
Dawn Kriss, Victoria Schussler, Elyse Driscoll, Lauren Bradley, Jessica Ford, Federica Pozzi, E. Basso
{"title":"Materials Characterization with Multiband Reflectance Imaging at the Brooklyn Museum: A New Tool for the Multiband Imaging Kit","authors":"Dawn Kriss, Victoria Schussler, Elyse Driscoll, Lauren Bradley, Jessica Ford, Federica Pozzi, E. Basso","doi":"10.1080/01971360.2023.2168430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2023.2168430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation","volume":"61 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41246444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.1080/01971360.2022.2161865
Emily MacDonald-Korth
{"title":"Technical Imaging for Private Practice Conservators","authors":"Emily MacDonald-Korth","doi":"10.1080/01971360.2022.2161865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2022.2161865","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49396980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1080/01971360.2023.2172130
Catarina Rocha Pires, L. Carlyle, K. Seymour, Isabel Pombo Cardoso, Susana França de Sá
{"title":"An Investigation into the Suitability and Stability of a New Pigmented Wax-Resin Formulation for Infilling and Reintegration of Losses in Paintings","authors":"Catarina Rocha Pires, L. Carlyle, K. Seymour, Isabel Pombo Cardoso, Susana França de Sá","doi":"10.1080/01971360.2023.2172130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2023.2172130","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48562617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.1080/01971360.2023.2197106
Maria F. Bastidas-Spence
{"title":"Sustainable Practices Applied to the Environmental Management of Archival Collection Storage Spaces at the Southwest Wing in the National Maritime Museum in London, UK","authors":"Maria F. Bastidas-Spence","doi":"10.1080/01971360.2023.2197106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2023.2197106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43844808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-04DOI: 10.1080/01971360.2023.2166376
Maria Carolina Peña Mariño
{"title":"Rediscovering Gaspar de Figueroa: A Technical Examination of the Portrait of Friar Cristóbal de Torres, Archbishop of the New Kingdom of Granada","authors":"Maria Carolina Peña Mariño","doi":"10.1080/01971360.2023.2166376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2023.2166376","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48409129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-02DOI: 10.1080/01971360.2023.2183331
J. Stelzner, Ingrid Stelzner, J. Martinez-Garcia, Sebastian Million, D. Gwerder, O. Nelle, P. Schuetz
{"title":"Non-destructive Dendrochronology: The Effect of Conservation Agents on Tree-ring Measurements in Archaeological Oak with Micro-computed Tomography","authors":"J. Stelzner, Ingrid Stelzner, J. Martinez-Garcia, Sebastian Million, D. Gwerder, O. Nelle, P. Schuetz","doi":"10.1080/01971360.2023.2183331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2023.2183331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42244470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.1080/01971360.2023.2175983
Jane Henderson, A. Lingle
Conservators have a complex relationship with touching things. As the conservation profession looks to the future, conservators need to be, and be seen to be, co-creators of considered access rather than gatekeepers to collections. The bene fi ts of touch can be physical and tangible, but touch can also inform our emotions, support empathy, or provide a connection. Touch can be used to understand how something moves or to learn how to manipulate things. This paper reviews conservation ’ s engagement with touch, attempting to extract a more nuanced understanding of the values that can be achieved through touching de fi ned by context. By examining issues surrounding who conservation is for, the nature of touch and how conservators discuss it, this paper invites the profession to be more systematic about enabling touch experiences whilst managing these e ff ectively with our conservation responsibilities
{"title":"Touch Decisions: For Heritage Objects","authors":"Jane Henderson, A. Lingle","doi":"10.1080/01971360.2023.2175983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2023.2175983","url":null,"abstract":"Conservators have a complex relationship with touching things. As the conservation profession looks to the future, conservators need to be, and be seen to be, co-creators of considered access rather than gatekeepers to collections. The bene fi ts of touch can be physical and tangible, but touch can also inform our emotions, support empathy, or provide a connection. Touch can be used to understand how something moves or to learn how to manipulate things. This paper reviews conservation ’ s engagement with touch, attempting to extract a more nuanced understanding of the values that can be achieved through touching de fi ned by context. By examining issues surrounding who conservation is for, the nature of touch and how conservators discuss it, this paper invites the profession to be more systematic about enabling touch experiences whilst managing these e ff ectively with our conservation responsibilities","PeriodicalId":17165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44165728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/01971360.2023.2193368
C. Roberts
Conservation practice, in all its diverse forms, is anchored by the scientific investigation of materials. Technical research informs everything we do for our shared heritage, from care and preservation to materials testing and analysis. Conservators and scientists perform this research in a variety of settings – in the laboratories of major art museums, the seasonal workspaces of archaeological excavations, and everywhere in between. Yet there is an undeniable disparity between much of the high-level research that is published and how the findings of this research are applied in the real world, especially in places that are under-resourced. It is a gap that leaves many practitioners and accessible, adapted research tools underrepresented in the conservation literature. This issue, part one of a double issue on the topic, aims to help bridge this gap by highlighting some of the more “practical” technical research approaches currently being used in the service of cultural heritage preservation. It builds on a concurrent general session I chaired at the 2019 AIC Annual Meeting, where authors discussed challenges and solutions to undertaking their work in unconventional research settings. Some of these challenges include working with limited in-house analytical equipment and expertise, collaborating with scientists outside the heritage field, and providing technical research support for fieldwork projects in remote places. My work at a small academic museum, where I perform preventive care, conduct research, and support archaeological field conservation, has also spurred my curiosity about this topic. I have been eager to share notes with like-minded researchers and to learn more about how other conservation professionals are “making it work” in their investigative efforts. The editors at JAIC were enthusiastic about an issue focused on accessible approaches to research, and the overwhelming response to our call for papers affirmed a collective desire to showcase rigorous-yet-practical research in a peer-reviewed venue. While the papers featured in this and the next issue represent a wide range of conservation specialties, they are thematically linked. Some present simplified tools and techniques for materials investigation, while others discuss collaborations that bring research to new or underserved places. They share projects that made the most of available resources, that developed or optimized research methods that can be easily replicated elsewhere, and that embraced any uncertainty that remained from the results of their research. In their article on the application of in-situ soil testing for anticipating corrosion risk in excavated bronzes, Ian MacLeod and Alice Boccia Paterakis discuss how such tests may be used to guide conservation interventions at the Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology. Erik Farrell’s paper presents a “low-tech” profile measurement technique that enabled his team to safely clean the interior of an historic Dahl
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue on Practical Approaches to Technical Research","authors":"C. Roberts","doi":"10.1080/01971360.2023.2193368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2023.2193368","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation practice, in all its diverse forms, is anchored by the scientific investigation of materials. Technical research informs everything we do for our shared heritage, from care and preservation to materials testing and analysis. Conservators and scientists perform this research in a variety of settings – in the laboratories of major art museums, the seasonal workspaces of archaeological excavations, and everywhere in between. Yet there is an undeniable disparity between much of the high-level research that is published and how the findings of this research are applied in the real world, especially in places that are under-resourced. It is a gap that leaves many practitioners and accessible, adapted research tools underrepresented in the conservation literature. This issue, part one of a double issue on the topic, aims to help bridge this gap by highlighting some of the more “practical” technical research approaches currently being used in the service of cultural heritage preservation. It builds on a concurrent general session I chaired at the 2019 AIC Annual Meeting, where authors discussed challenges and solutions to undertaking their work in unconventional research settings. Some of these challenges include working with limited in-house analytical equipment and expertise, collaborating with scientists outside the heritage field, and providing technical research support for fieldwork projects in remote places. My work at a small academic museum, where I perform preventive care, conduct research, and support archaeological field conservation, has also spurred my curiosity about this topic. I have been eager to share notes with like-minded researchers and to learn more about how other conservation professionals are “making it work” in their investigative efforts. The editors at JAIC were enthusiastic about an issue focused on accessible approaches to research, and the overwhelming response to our call for papers affirmed a collective desire to showcase rigorous-yet-practical research in a peer-reviewed venue. While the papers featured in this and the next issue represent a wide range of conservation specialties, they are thematically linked. Some present simplified tools and techniques for materials investigation, while others discuss collaborations that bring research to new or underserved places. They share projects that made the most of available resources, that developed or optimized research methods that can be easily replicated elsewhere, and that embraced any uncertainty that remained from the results of their research. In their article on the application of in-situ soil testing for anticipating corrosion risk in excavated bronzes, Ian MacLeod and Alice Boccia Paterakis discuss how such tests may be used to guide conservation interventions at the Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology. Erik Farrell’s paper presents a “low-tech” profile measurement technique that enabled his team to safely clean the interior of an historic Dahl","PeriodicalId":17165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation","volume":"62 1","pages":"79 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45464411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.1080/01971360.2022.2148903
T. Duncan, E. Vicenzi, T. Lam, Shannon A. Brogdon-Grantham
ABSTRACT To provide detailed information to aid conservators faced with soot removal, a survey comparing the removal of lamp black pigment, serving as a model soot, from three sample papers of differing roughness is presented. The efficacy of ten different dry surface cleaning materials—including sponges, firm and kneaded erasers, eraser crumbs, a cleaning putty, a solvent-free polydimethylsiloxane elastomer, and a dry swab—have been assessed using a handheld color spectrophotometer and image analysis of photomicrographs. Inspection of the cleaned substrates with a portable optical microscope revealed detailed information into how physical properties of cleaning materials influence the location of residual soot on the surface. 3D digital light microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to assess physical changes to the paper surface and to identify potential residues from the materials after cleaning, respectively. The results of this model study were compared with spot cleaning tests performed on a fire-damaged paper book cover. Limited access to laboratory spaces during Covid-19 lockdown motivated this research to focus on affordable ways to perform hands-on technical research outside of the laboratory, details of which are noted throughout this paper.
{"title":"A Comparison of Materials for Dry Surface Cleaning Soot-Coated Papers of Varying Roughness: Assessing Efficacy, Physical Surface Changes, and Residue","authors":"T. Duncan, E. Vicenzi, T. Lam, Shannon A. Brogdon-Grantham","doi":"10.1080/01971360.2022.2148903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2022.2148903","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To provide detailed information to aid conservators faced with soot removal, a survey comparing the removal of lamp black pigment, serving as a model soot, from three sample papers of differing roughness is presented. The efficacy of ten different dry surface cleaning materials—including sponges, firm and kneaded erasers, eraser crumbs, a cleaning putty, a solvent-free polydimethylsiloxane elastomer, and a dry swab—have been assessed using a handheld color spectrophotometer and image analysis of photomicrographs. Inspection of the cleaned substrates with a portable optical microscope revealed detailed information into how physical properties of cleaning materials influence the location of residual soot on the surface. 3D digital light microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to assess physical changes to the paper surface and to identify potential residues from the materials after cleaning, respectively. The results of this model study were compared with spot cleaning tests performed on a fire-damaged paper book cover. Limited access to laboratory spaces during Covid-19 lockdown motivated this research to focus on affordable ways to perform hands-on technical research outside of the laboratory, details of which are noted throughout this paper.","PeriodicalId":17165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation","volume":"62 1","pages":"152 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41824076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.1080/01971360.2022.2138245
Melissa Gardner, C. Rogge
ABSTRACT The interiors of Zand and Qajar palaces were often decorated with idealized portraits meant to convey wealth and internationality through depiction of European goods, jewelry, and other social signifiers. Five figurative oil paintings dating from the late 1700s to early 1800s were analyzed non-destructively using x-radiography, infrared reflectography, and macro-area x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Selective microscopic sampling enabled pigment and binder identification using Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. All paintings are oil on cotton canvas and utilize a limited palette that includes Prussian blue, orpiment, and vermillion. Four paintings contain copper alloy leaf used to simulate gold jewelry and textiles. Artisanship expertise varies and European influences, including perspective and shading, are unevenly incorporated; workshop involvement is suggested by differing qualities of rendering within a given work. One painting, Dancing Girl (1192 AH/1778 CE) by Muhammad Baqir, was fully treated to remove thick layers of discolored shellac varnish and overpaint that distorted the appearance of the work. This study provides insights into the painting materials and techniques of the late Zand and early Qajar period, and practical methodologies for their treatment and continued preservation.
{"title":"Beauty Revealed: Technical Analysis and Treatment of Zand and Qajar Oil Paintings","authors":"Melissa Gardner, C. Rogge","doi":"10.1080/01971360.2022.2138245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2022.2138245","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The interiors of Zand and Qajar palaces were often decorated with idealized portraits meant to convey wealth and internationality through depiction of European goods, jewelry, and other social signifiers. Five figurative oil paintings dating from the late 1700s to early 1800s were analyzed non-destructively using x-radiography, infrared reflectography, and macro-area x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Selective microscopic sampling enabled pigment and binder identification using Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. All paintings are oil on cotton canvas and utilize a limited palette that includes Prussian blue, orpiment, and vermillion. Four paintings contain copper alloy leaf used to simulate gold jewelry and textiles. Artisanship expertise varies and European influences, including perspective and shading, are unevenly incorporated; workshop involvement is suggested by differing qualities of rendering within a given work. One painting, Dancing Girl (1192 AH/1778 CE) by Muhammad Baqir, was fully treated to remove thick layers of discolored shellac varnish and overpaint that distorted the appearance of the work. This study provides insights into the painting materials and techniques of the late Zand and early Qajar period, and practical methodologies for their treatment and continued preservation.","PeriodicalId":17165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48632733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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