Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.05.017
Emily J. Aron MD , Flavia DeSouza MD, MHS
{"title":"Editorial: Immigration, Prenatal Stress, and Autistic Traits in Offspring: Examining the Role of Discrimination","authors":"Emily J. Aron MD , Flavia DeSouza MD, MHS","doi":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.05.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.05.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"Pages 24-26"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.008
Michael T. Perino PhD , Chad M. Sylvester MD, PhD , Cynthia E. Rogers MD , Joan L. Luby MD , Deanna M. Barch PhD
<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Resource deprivation is linked to systemic factors that disproportionately impact historically marginalized communities, and theoretical work suggests that resource deprivation may increase risk for bullying behaviors. Bullying perpetration is an intransigent social problem and an early risk factor that perpetuates the school-to-prison pipeline. This study explored how resource deprivation (family- and neighborhood-level metrics) was associated with early childhood bullying behaviors and clinician-rated symptoms of psychopathology, while accounting for other known risk factors (early life stressors, traumatic events, parental arrest, domestic violence).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants (306 children, mean age = 4.45 years) were enrolled in a longitudinal study (Preschool Depression Study) where demographics, clinician-rated assessments of psychopathology, and parent reports of social functioning were collected. Measures of bullying behaviors (bullying perpetration, generalized aggression, and victimization) were constructed. A cross-sectional approach was employed, and analyses examined the interrelations between race, bullying-related behaviors, resource deprivation, and psychopathology, while accounting for confounding variables, at the baseline assessment time point.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The bullying measure showed acceptable model fit (comparative fit index = 0.956, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.945, root mean square error of approximation = 0.061, standardized root mean residual = 0.052, normed χ<sup>2</sup> ratio = 2). Neighborhood resource deprivation was more strongly associated with bullying perpetration (<em>r</em> = 0.324, <em>p</em> < .001) than generalized aggression (<em>r</em> = 0.236, Williams <em>t</em><sub>303</sub> = 2.11, <em>p</em> = .036) and remained significant when controlling for other known risk factors (parental arrests, domestic violence, stressors, traumas) and demographic factors. Bullying perpetration was linked with racial category, but the relation was fully mediated by neighborhood resource deprivation. Linear regression including bullying behaviors and symptoms of clinical psychopathology suggested that resource deprivation specifically led to increases in bullying perpetration (<em>t</em> = 2.831, <em>p</em> = .005) and clinician-rated symptoms of conduct disorder (<em>t</em> = 2.827, <em>p</em> = .005), which were attributable to increased rates of resource-driven conduct symptoms (bullies, lies to obtain goods, stolen without confrontation).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Resource deprivation is strongly and specifically associated with increases in bullying perpetration. Children growing up in impoverished neighborhoods show significant increases in resource-driven conduct behaviors, yet interventions often target individual-level factors. These results highlight the need to target social inequity to reduce bullying perpetration and suggest th
{"title":"Neighborhood Resource Deprivation as a Predictor of Bullying Perpetration and Resource-Driven Conduct Symptoms","authors":"Michael T. Perino PhD , Chad M. Sylvester MD, PhD , Cynthia E. Rogers MD , Joan L. Luby MD , Deanna M. Barch PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Resource deprivation is linked to systemic factors that disproportionately impact historically marginalized communities, and theoretical work suggests that resource deprivation may increase risk for bullying behaviors. Bullying perpetration is an intransigent social problem and an early risk factor that perpetuates the school-to-prison pipeline. This study explored how resource deprivation (family- and neighborhood-level metrics) was associated with early childhood bullying behaviors and clinician-rated symptoms of psychopathology, while accounting for other known risk factors (early life stressors, traumatic events, parental arrest, domestic violence).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants (306 children, mean age = 4.45 years) were enrolled in a longitudinal study (Preschool Depression Study) where demographics, clinician-rated assessments of psychopathology, and parent reports of social functioning were collected. Measures of bullying behaviors (bullying perpetration, generalized aggression, and victimization) were constructed. A cross-sectional approach was employed, and analyses examined the interrelations between race, bullying-related behaviors, resource deprivation, and psychopathology, while accounting for confounding variables, at the baseline assessment time point.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The bullying measure showed acceptable model fit (comparative fit index = 0.956, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.945, root mean square error of approximation = 0.061, standardized root mean residual = 0.052, normed χ<sup>2</sup> ratio = 2). Neighborhood resource deprivation was more strongly associated with bullying perpetration (<em>r</em> = 0.324, <em>p</em> < .001) than generalized aggression (<em>r</em> = 0.236, Williams <em>t</em><sub>303</sub> = 2.11, <em>p</em> = .036) and remained significant when controlling for other known risk factors (parental arrests, domestic violence, stressors, traumas) and demographic factors. Bullying perpetration was linked with racial category, but the relation was fully mediated by neighborhood resource deprivation. Linear regression including bullying behaviors and symptoms of clinical psychopathology suggested that resource deprivation specifically led to increases in bullying perpetration (<em>t</em> = 2.831, <em>p</em> = .005) and clinician-rated symptoms of conduct disorder (<em>t</em> = 2.827, <em>p</em> = .005), which were attributable to increased rates of resource-driven conduct symptoms (bullies, lies to obtain goods, stolen without confrontation).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Resource deprivation is strongly and specifically associated with increases in bullying perpetration. Children growing up in impoverished neighborhoods show significant increases in resource-driven conduct behaviors, yet interventions often target individual-level factors. These results highlight the need to target social inequity to reduce bullying perpetration and suggest th","PeriodicalId":17186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"Pages 53-64"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.08.489
Andres J. Pumariega MD
{"title":"Dr. Pumariega Replies","authors":"Andres J. Pumariega MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.08.489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.08.489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"Pages 4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.04.004
Anne E. de Leeuw MD , Wietske A. Ester MD, PhD , Koen Bolhuis MD, PhD , Hans W. Hoek MD, PhD , Pauline W. Jansen PhD
<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>There is emerging evidence for an increased prevalence of autism in children of mothers with a migration background. To date, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are poorly understood. We investigated whether prenatal stress exposure mediates the association between maternal migration and child autistic traits, assessing first- and second-generation migrant mothers in the Netherlands and their children.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study was embedded in the prospective population-based Generation R cohort. Of the 4,727 participants, 1,773 mothers (38%) had a migration background. Prenatal stress was assessed using questionnaires related to stressful life events, family functioning, self-esteem, long-lasting difficulties, symptoms of psychopathology, social support, and perceived discrimination. Autistic traits were measured at age 6 years with the parent-reported Social Responsiveness Scale exclusively. Longitudinal multiple mediation analyses were performed. Analyses were stratified by migration origin (Europe and outside Europe) because of differences in migration characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Maternal migration background was associated with more experienced stress and with higher child autistic trait scores (Europe: mean = 0.42, SD = 0.25; outside Europe: mean = 0.50, SD = 0.24) compared to no migration background (Netherlands: mean = 0.38, SD = 0.23; both <em>p</em> < .01). Prenatal stress, especially perceived discrimination and maternal psychopathology, accounted for up to half of the total effect of maternal migration, which remained after adjusting for sociodemographic factors (B<sub>indirect</sub> = 0.035, 95% CI = 0.027, 0.043, B<sub>total</sub> = 0.074).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Stress during pregnancy mediated the association between maternal migration status and child autistic traits. Future research should focus on early interventions to assess whether reducing prenatal stress exposure among women with a migration background can result in lower offspring autistic traits.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>There is emerging evidence that autism is more common in children of mothers with a migration background, but it remains unclear why. This large, community-based longitudinal study followed 4,727 pregnant women, of whom 1,773 had a migration background, in the Netherlands. The authors found that mothers with a migration background reported more stress during pregnancy and more autistic traits in their children 6 years later than mothers without a migration background. Stress during pregnancy, especially perceived discrimination and maternal psychopathology, accounted for up to half of the total effect of maternal migration on child autistic traits.</div></div><div><h3>Diversity & Inclusion Statement</h3><div>We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. We worked to ensure sex and gen
{"title":"Maternal Migration, Prenatal Stress and Child Autistic Traits: Insights From a Population-Based Cohort Study","authors":"Anne E. de Leeuw MD , Wietske A. Ester MD, PhD , Koen Bolhuis MD, PhD , Hans W. Hoek MD, PhD , Pauline W. Jansen PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>There is emerging evidence for an increased prevalence of autism in children of mothers with a migration background. To date, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are poorly understood. We investigated whether prenatal stress exposure mediates the association between maternal migration and child autistic traits, assessing first- and second-generation migrant mothers in the Netherlands and their children.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study was embedded in the prospective population-based Generation R cohort. Of the 4,727 participants, 1,773 mothers (38%) had a migration background. Prenatal stress was assessed using questionnaires related to stressful life events, family functioning, self-esteem, long-lasting difficulties, symptoms of psychopathology, social support, and perceived discrimination. Autistic traits were measured at age 6 years with the parent-reported Social Responsiveness Scale exclusively. Longitudinal multiple mediation analyses were performed. Analyses were stratified by migration origin (Europe and outside Europe) because of differences in migration characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Maternal migration background was associated with more experienced stress and with higher child autistic trait scores (Europe: mean = 0.42, SD = 0.25; outside Europe: mean = 0.50, SD = 0.24) compared to no migration background (Netherlands: mean = 0.38, SD = 0.23; both <em>p</em> < .01). Prenatal stress, especially perceived discrimination and maternal psychopathology, accounted for up to half of the total effect of maternal migration, which remained after adjusting for sociodemographic factors (B<sub>indirect</sub> = 0.035, 95% CI = 0.027, 0.043, B<sub>total</sub> = 0.074).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Stress during pregnancy mediated the association between maternal migration status and child autistic traits. Future research should focus on early interventions to assess whether reducing prenatal stress exposure among women with a migration background can result in lower offspring autistic traits.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>There is emerging evidence that autism is more common in children of mothers with a migration background, but it remains unclear why. This large, community-based longitudinal study followed 4,727 pregnant women, of whom 1,773 had a migration background, in the Netherlands. The authors found that mothers with a migration background reported more stress during pregnancy and more autistic traits in their children 6 years later than mothers without a migration background. Stress during pregnancy, especially perceived discrimination and maternal psychopathology, accounted for up to half of the total effect of maternal migration on child autistic traits.</div></div><div><h3>Diversity & Inclusion Statement</h3><div>We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. We worked to ensure sex and gen","PeriodicalId":17186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"Pages 41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.016
Jack L. Turban MD, MHS, Jonah Thornton AB, Diane Ehrensaft PhD
{"title":"Biopsychosocial Assessments for Pubertal Suppression to Treat Adolescent Gender Dysphoria","authors":"Jack L. Turban MD, MHS, Jonah Thornton AB, Diane Ehrensaft PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"Pages 12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140779936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S0890-8567(24)01952-X
{"title":"Editorial Board Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0890-8567(24)01952-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0890-8567(24)01952-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"Page A1"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.05.025
Wendy Chu MA , Ty A. Robinson EdM
{"title":"Rethinking Racial Matching in Children's Mental Health: The Need for Racially Conscious Therapists","authors":"Wendy Chu MA , Ty A. Robinson EdM","doi":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.05.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.05.025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"Pages 17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S0890-8567(24)01955-5
{"title":"Child and Youth Artwork","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0890-8567(24)01955-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0890-8567(24)01955-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"Page A6"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.10.005
Alexis McCathern MD
{"title":"Sociopath: A Memoir","authors":"Alexis McCathern MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"Pages 77-79"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.12.007
Meng-Chuan Lai
Around the globe, individuals whose sexual identities are minoritized are known to be more likely to experience mental health challenges compared with heterosexual individuals. This is evident across the lifespan but is particularly significant in young people,1 especially considering the profound impact of identity development on future well-being and mental health. Reasons for the heightened mental health challenges are most often explained by the minority stress model,2 which posits that excess exposure to social stress due to structural stigma3 interacts with psychological factors to produce health impacts in sexual minority populations. Despite the known longitudinal stability of internalized sexual stigma, minority stress, and mental health associations,4 the developmental-mechanistic relationships and intricate variations related to intersectionality remain unclear. In this issue, Bränström and Pachankis provide new population-based evidence5 that moves our field toward more clarity regarding the developmental nuances, especially the timing of the emergence of mental health needs of sexual minority individuals.
{"title":"Editorial: Towards an Intersectional Understanding of Sexual Identity, Mental Health, Neurodivergence, and Beyond.","authors":"Meng-Chuan Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaac.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Around the globe, individuals whose sexual identities are minoritized are known to be more likely to experience mental health challenges compared with heterosexual individuals. This is evident across the lifespan but is particularly significant in young people,<sup>1</sup> especially considering the profound impact of identity development on future well-being and mental health. Reasons for the heightened mental health challenges are most often explained by the minority stress model,<sup>2</sup> which posits that excess exposure to social stress due to structural stigma<sup>3</sup> interacts with psychological factors to produce health impacts in sexual minority populations. Despite the known longitudinal stability of internalized sexual stigma, minority stress, and mental health associations,<sup>4</sup> the developmental-mechanistic relationships and intricate variations related to intersectionality remain unclear. In this issue, Bränström and Pachankis provide new population-based evidence<sup>5</sup> that moves our field toward more clarity regarding the developmental nuances, especially the timing of the emergence of mental health needs of sexual minority individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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